Railway turnout active snow melting maintenance equipment and intelligent control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of railway turnout snow melting, in particular to railway turnout active snow melting maintenance equipment and an intelligent control method.The railway turnout active snow melting maintenance equipment comprises a turnout, an electrical cabinet, an air pump, a distribution pipeline at the output end of the air pump and induction heating equipment; the electrical cabinet performs electric control and transmits related signals, the multiple induction heating devices are continuously arranged at the rail web of the inner side of the turnout stock rail and used for heating and melting accumulated snow between the induction heating devices and a switch rail, and meanwhile cold air is input into the two ends through the air pump to cool an internal coil, then secondary heating is performed in a gap between a heat insulation layer and a steel plate, and the melted snow is discharged. According to the invention, turnout snow melting is carried out based on combination of electromagnetic heating and hot air, the snow melting efficiency is high, the energy consumption is low, no influence is caused on a steel rail, the preheating time is short, traffic is opened immediately after snow melting, and meanwhile, intelligent control of self-starting, self-monitoring and self-judging can be carried out according to environment and scheduling information, so that the energy consumption is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of snow melting for railway turnouts, and in particular to active snow melting maintenance equipment for railway turnouts and an intelligent control method. Background Art

[0002] Railway turnouts are key equipment for changing tracks of traveling railway trains. They achieve track change by swinging the turnout point rail left and right. When it snows in winter, snow will accumulate in the turnout area, which can easily cause snow to be sandwiched between the turnout point rail and the base rail, affecting the movement of the turnout point rail and its close contact with the base rail, thus endangering driving safety, and even causing train derailment and major safety accidents. In order to ensure driving safety, railway turnout snow melting equipment is currently used to melt the snow on the railway turnout.

[0003] At present, electric heating is mainly used to melt snow on turnouts. The basic principle is to lay a resistive heating strip on the inner waist of the turnout rail. The electric heating strip generates heat and transfers the heat to the rail, raising the rail temperature to achieve the purpose of melting snow and de-icing. However, since the heating of the electric heating strip is mainly through heat conduction, and while the electric heating strip transfers heat to the rail, a large amount of heat is dissipated into the air, resulting in a large amount of heat waste, thereby increasing operating costs; and the heating of the electric heating strip makes the rail temperature rise slowly, and the preheating time is long, and it is impossible to quickly melt snow in extremely cold weather and heavy snow and ice; at the same time, frequent heating and cooling of the rail will also affect its performance, and the rail cannot guarantee the passage of trains when the temperature is high. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an active snow melting maintenance equipment and an intelligent control method for railway turnouts, which solves the problems of the prior art such as high energy consumption, low and uneven snow melting efficiency, direct heating of the rails affecting their performance, and inability to quickly pass traffic after heating.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A railway turnout active snow melting maintenance equipment, comprising a turnout body, an electrical cabinet and a distribution pipeline arranged at the output end of an air pump, wherein the turnout body comprises two base rails arranged at intervals, a slide bed plate installed on a sleeper is arranged below the point rail, a switch machine for making the point rail slide freely in the direction of the base rail until the point rail is merged is arranged on one side of the base rail, and a point rail is movably arranged on one side of the base rail;

[0007] A plurality of induction heating devices are arranged continuously on the inner side of the basic rail for induction heating to melt the snow between the basic rail and the point rail, the induction heating device comprises an aluminum shell for shielding the electromagnetic field, a ferrite, a coil, a fireproof and heat-insulating layer and a steel plate are arranged in sequence on the inner side of the aluminum shell, and the ferrite is magnetic and acts on the steel plate on the outer side, the coil is arranged in a rectangular shape, an air inlet is opened at one end of the aluminum shell, a plurality of equidistantly distributed air holes 1 are opened on the top of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer, a plurality of equidistantly distributed air holes 2 are opened on the bottom of the steel plate, the fireproof and heat-insulating layer and the steel plate are arranged at intervals, and at the same time, cold air is input by an air pump at both ends to cool the internal coil, and then secondary heating is performed in the gap between the heat-insulating layer and the steel plate to discharge the blown snow and melt the snow.

[0008] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the electrical cabinet includes a power supply control device, an environmental detection device, a sensor control transmission device and an isolation transformer. The power supply control device wires are connected with cables, and the cables transmit electricity to the air pump and induction heating equipment through the isolation transformer.

[0009] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, a plurality of equidistantly arranged sleepers are installed at the bottom of the basic rail, a slide bed plate installed on the sleepers is provided below the point rail, and a switch machine is provided on one side of the basic rail for allowing the point rail to slide freely in the direction of the basic rail until it is merged.

[0010] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the rain and snow sensor is arranged between the basic rail and the point rail, temperature sensors are respectively arranged on the steel plate and the slide bed plate, the control transmission device is respectively connected to the temperature sensor and the rain and snow sensor by telecommunication, and the signal is transmitted to the control center through the control transmission device to monitor the snow melting and ice removal conditions in real time.

[0011] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, a distribution pipeline is provided at the output end of the air pump, and the distribution pipeline includes a gas delivery port, one end of the gas delivery port is fixedly connected to an air pipe, and the air pipe is fixedly connected to the air inlet.

[0012] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, a plurality of equally spaced steel sheets are fixedly provided on the bottom of the steel plate, and the steel sheets are connected to the slide bed plate to conduct heat to the slide bed plate to melt snow and remove ice.

[0013] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the superimposed thickness of the aluminum shell and the steel plate is less than the rail waist distance between the two when the point rail is merged into the base rail, which does not hinder the merging of the point rail.

[0014] An intelligent control method for active snow melting maintenance equipment for railway turnouts comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1: Continuously determine the weather information in the turnout area by using the environmental monitoring device. The weather information includes on-site temperature and humidity information and snowfall conditions. Then, according to the train dispatching information, when the train enters a certain turnout at a certain moment, determine whether to turn on the corresponding induction heating device and air pump, and at the same time determine the preset duration for starting snow melting and ice thawing in advance. The specific calculation method for this duration is as follows:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, t is the total duration reserved for snow melting in advance; h is the snow accumulation thickness; s is the area between the stock rail and the switch rail; ρ is the density of snow, which can be measured by on-site sampling or calculated according to the empirical formula; c is the specific heat capacity of water; T0 is the temperature of the snow accumulation; k0 is the heat transfer coefficient of still air; C is a constant determined by the properties of the outer steel plate material; n is an exponent depending on the type of air flow, taking 0.5 for advection and 0.8 for turbulence; V is the wind speed; A is the area of the outer steel plate; ΔT is the temperature difference between the steel plate and the environment; η is the heating efficiency of induction heating; P is the heating power; t0 is the buffer time to prevent overheating due to insufficient snow melting;

[0018] S2: If so, output a preset control signal to the control center according to the advance snow melting time, generate an alternating current on the induction coil, heat the outer steel plate, and at the same time turn on the air pump to input cold air to cool the coil;

[0019] S3: Determine the temperature of the outer steel plate according to the temperature sensor, stop heating when its temperature exceeds the preset maximum temperature, and restart heating and snow melting when the temperature drops to the preset minimum temperature;

[0020] S4: Determine the snow melting and ice removal situation according to the rain and snow sensor between the stock rail and the switch rail. If the snow accumulation has completely melted, the switch machine can be used to drive the switch rail to achieve rail merging; if it has not melted yet, return to step S3; if there is only a small amount of snow left and the slide plate temperature is high and there is no snow and ice accumulation, rail merging can also be carried out. When rail merging, the high temperature of the outer steel plate can quickly melt the remaining small amount of snow;

[0021] S5: Determine whether to continue to carry out induction heating for snow melting of the turnout body according to the interval time t1 between two trains passing through this turnout and the snowfall rate v determined by the train dispatching information. The snowfall rate v can calculate the snow accumulation thickness when the next train passes through and thus obtain the total snow melting duration t. If t1 < t, the power of the induction heating coil can be automatically adjusted to maintain the outer steel plate within a certain lower temperature range for continuous snow melting and ice thawing to maintain the normal operation of the turnout body; if t1 ≥ t, the equipment needs to be turned off to wait for early start when the next train passes through.

[0022] With the above technical solutions, the present invention provides a railway turnout active snow melting maintenance equipment and an intelligent control method. Compared with the prior art, it has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention adopts the principle of electromagnetic induction to generate heat inside the steel plate through eddy current, with fast heating speed and higher efficiency. Compared with the traditional electric heating turnout snow melting, there is no need to transfer heat to the basic rail first, so the preheating time is shorter, which greatly reduces the heat taken away by the external environment. At the same time, ferrite magnetic conduction is used to concentrate the electromagnetic energy on the outer steel plate, further reducing energy consumption.

[0024] 2. The present invention arranges induction heating equipment on the inner side of the basic rail to melt snow, and arranges an aluminum shell to shield electromagnetic energy from acting on the basic rail, so that the basic rail will no longer be directly heated, eliminating the influence of frequent heating and cooling on the performance of the basic rail. The heating temperature of the outer steel plate can be further increased compared with the heating rail, and the snow and ice can be melted more quickly. After heating, snow melting and ice removal, the rail can be opened to traffic immediately without cooling, reducing the difficulty of train scheduling.

[0025] 3. The present invention arranges an air pump and a distribution pipeline beside the turnout, so that external cold air can be used to cool down the coil of the induction heating equipment, prolong its working time and prevent it from being damaged. At the same time, the airflow takes away its heat and enters the gap between the fireproof and heat-insulating layer from the air hole 1 on the upper side and the steel plate on the outside for secondary heating, and then is discharged from the air hole 2 on the lower side of the steel plate, blowing away the accumulated snow and melting the snow at the same time. Compared with only melting snow at high temperature after heating the steel plate, there is no waste of heat, the snow melting range is expanded, and the snow melting efficiency is greatly improved.

[0026] 4. The present invention connects steel sheets at the sleepers to transfer the temperature of the outer steel plates to the slide bed plates to melt snow and ice, so that the point rail is not affected by the snow and ice on the slide bed plates. After heating for a period of time, when a small amount of snow remains unmelted away from the basic rail, the switch machine can be directly started to drive the point rail, and the snow melts quickly when it is close to the steel plate, reducing the time for snow melting and de-icing.

[0027] 5. The present invention intelligently controls the electromagnetic induction equipment through factors such as temperature and humidity, snowfall, wind speed and train dispatch information in the turnout area to automatically start snow melting in advance and reserve sufficient snow melting time to avoid insufficient snow melting; self-monitors the melting of snow between the base rail and the point rail and the temperature of the slide bed to determine whether the switch machine can be used for track merging; self-determines whether to maintain or shut down the equipment at low power, thereby improving the working efficiency of the electromagnetic induction turnout snow melting equipment and further reducing energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 A top cross-sectional view of the induction heating device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a front cross-sectional view of the induction heating device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 is a side sectional view of the induction heating device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the front side of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer and the steel plate of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. electrical cabinet; 101. power supply control device; 102. control transmission device; 103. environmental detection device; 104. isolation transformer;

[0038] 2. Cable; 3. Air pump;

[0039] 4. Pipeline distribution; 401. Gas outlet; 402. Gas pipe;

[0040] 5. Turnout body; 501. Basic rail; 502. Point rail; 503. Slide bed; 504. Sleeper; 505. Switch machine;

[0041] 6. Induction heating equipment; 601. Aluminum housing; 602. Ferrite; 603. Coil; 604. Fireproof insulation layer; 605. Steel plate; 606. Air inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] The application of induction heating in turnout snow melting can better solve the problems existing in electric heating. At present, induction heating coils are mainly set under the rails or on the outside of the basic rails. When the coils are set below, the coils are far away from the rails and can only heat the bottom of the rails, which still requires heat transfer to melt the snow, so the energy consumption is large. Direct heating of the rails on the outside of the basic rails has the same problem as resistance heating. After heating, the temperature must be lowered before the train can pass, and fast passage cannot be achieved.

[0044] First embodiment

[0045] Since the heating of electric heating strips is mainly through heat conduction, and while the electric heating strips conduct heat to the rails, a large amount of heat is dissipated into the air, and the heating makes the rail temperature rise slowly, the preheating time is long, which not only causes a large amount of heat waste, but also makes it difficult to melt snow quickly, thereby increasing operating costs. In order to Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides an active snow melting maintenance equipment for railway turnouts, including a turnout body 5, an electrical cabinet 1 for power transmission and sensor signal transmission, and a distribution pipeline 4 arranged at the output end of an air pump 3, the air pump 3 is used to input cold air, and the distribution pipeline 4 introduces the cold air into the induction heating device 6 through the air pipe 402.

[0046] The turnout body 5 includes two basic rails 501 arranged at intervals, and a plurality of equally spaced sleepers 504 installed at the bottom of the basic rails 501. A point rail 502 is movably arranged on one side of the basic rail 501. A slide bed plate 503 installed on the sleeper 504 is provided between the basic rails 501 and the point rails 502. The turnout body 5 also includes a switch machine 505 for allowing the point rail 502 to slide freely in the direction of the basic rails 501 until they are merged.

[0047] like Figure 2 - Figure 5 and Figure 8As shown, a plurality of induction heating devices 6 are arranged on the base rail 501 for induction heating to melt the snow between the base rail 501 and the point rail 502. The induction heating device 6 includes an aluminum shell 601 for shielding the electromagnetic field to prevent the electromagnetic field generated by the induction coil 603 from acting on the rail and affecting the performance of the rail. The inner side of the aluminum shell 601 is sequentially provided with a ferrite 602, a coil 603, a fireproof and heat-insulating layer 604 and a steel plate 605, and the ferrite 602 is magnetically conductive and acts on the outer steel plate 605 to provide The energy conversion rate of the high magnetic field, the coil 603 is set to a rectangle, so that the outer steel plate 605 can be heated more evenly, preventing the local steel plate temperature from being too high, and making the snow melting more evenly, and the fireproof and heat-insulating layer 604 can prevent the outer steel plate 605 from damaging the coil 603, an air inlet 606 is opened at one end of the aluminum shell 601, a plurality of equally distributed air holes 1 are opened on the top of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer 604, and a plurality of equally distributed air holes 2 are opened on the bottom of the steel plate 605, and the fireproof and heat-insulating layer 604 and the steel plate 605 are arranged at intervals.

[0048] The air hole 1 on the fireproof and heat-insulating layer 604 introduces air into the gap between it and the steel plate 605, and uses hot air to blow out to melt snow on the turnout body 5. The air hole 1 can prevent the steel plate 605 from directly aligning with the coil 603 and causing its temperature to be too high. The air flow enters through the air inlet 606 to cool the coil 603, and then the hot air is discharged upward through the air hole 1 on the fireproof and heat-insulating layer 604 into the gap between it and the steel plate 605. The air hole 2 on the lower side of the steel plate 605 can extend the residence time of the air flow in the gap, and heat the air flow twice before discharging it, which can quickly melt snow and expand the snow melting range.

[0049] The superimposed thickness of the aluminum shell 601 and the steel plate 605 is less than the waist spacing between the point rail 502 and the base rail 501, and does not hinder the point rail 502 from being joined. The thickness of each layer can be controlled according to specific needs. For example, the thickness of the aluminum shell 601 is 2 mm, the thickness of the ferrite 602 is 3 mm, the thickness of the coil diameter 603 is 4 mm, the thickness of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer 604 is 5 mm, the thickness of the outer steel plate 605 is 3 mm, and the gap is controlled within 3 mm.

[0050] A number of equidistantly distributed steel sheets are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the steel plate 605, and the steel sheets are connected to the slide bed plate 503, so that the heat is transferred to the slide bed plate 503 to melt snow and remove ice. After heating for a period of time, if a small amount of snow remains unmelted away from the basic rail 501, the switch machine 505 can be directly started to drive the point rail 502, and the snow melts quickly when it is close to the steel plate 605, thereby reducing the time for melting snow and removing ice.

[0051] Frequent heating and cooling of the rails will also affect their performance, and the rails cannot guarantee the passage of trains when the temperature is high. In order to automatically open and close to avoid overheating and reduce energy consumption, the snow accumulation between the base rail 501 and the point rail 502 and the temperature of the slide bed 503 are combined to determine whether the switch machine 505 can be used for track merging, thereby improving the working efficiency of the electromagnetic induction turnout snow melting equipment. Figure 1 As shown, the electrical cabinet 1 includes a power control device 101, an environment detection device 103, a sensor control transmission device 102 and an isolation transformer 104. The power control device 101 is connected to a cable 2. The cable 2 transmits electricity to the air pump 3 and the induction heating device 6 through the isolation transformer 104, controls the on-site turnout snow melting system as a whole and transmits the signal back to the control center, so as to realize real-time monitoring and intelligent control of the turnout snow melting system.

[0052] The rain and snow sensor is arranged between the base rail 501 and the point rail 502, and the temperature sensors are arranged on the steel plate 605 and the slide bed plate 503 respectively. The control transmission device 102 is respectively connected to the temperature sensor and the rain and snow sensor by telecommunication, and the signal is transmitted to the control center through the control transmission device 102 to monitor the snow melting and ice removal situation in real time.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the output end of the air pump 3 is provided with a distribution pipeline 4, and the distribution pipeline 4 includes an air delivery port 401. One end of the air delivery port 401 is fixedly connected with an air pipe 402, and the air pipe 402 is fixedly connected with the air inlet 606. The air pump 3 draws in cold air from the outside and passes through the pipeline distribution 4, enters the air pipe 402 from the air delivery port 401, and the air pipe enters the turnout between the two sleepers 504 under the basic rail 501 to the air inlet 606 to be transported to the induction heating device 6, and the cold air is used to cool the coil 603 in the device to prevent it from being unable to work due to excessive temperature.

[0054] Second embodiment

[0055] according to Figure 7 As shown, when the superimposed thickness of the aluminum shell 601 and the steel plate 605 is guaranteed to be within 2 cm, the induction heating device 6 can be selectively fixed on the base rail 501 or the point rail 502, both of which can well achieve turnout snow melting.

[0056] In actual use, the present invention uses an environmental monitoring device to continuously determine the weather information of the turnout area, which includes on-site temperature and humidity information and snowfall conditions. Then, according to the train dispatching information, when a train enters a certain group of turnsouts at a certain time, it is determined whether to turn on the corresponding induction heating device 6 and the air pump 3, and at the same time, the preset time for starting snow and ice melting in advance is determined. The specific calculation method of the time is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] Among them, t is the total duration reserved for early snow melting; h is the snow depth; s is the area between the stock rail and the switch rail; ρ is the density of snow, which can be measured by on-site sampling or calculated according to empirical formulas; c is the specific heat capacity of water; T0 is the temperature of the snow cover; k0 is the heat transfer coefficient of still air; C is a constant determined by the properties of the outer steel plate material; n is an exponent depending on the type of air flow, taking 0.5 for advection and 0.8 for turbulence; V is the wind speed; A is the area of the outer steel plate; ΔT is the temperature difference between the steel plate and the environment; η is the heating efficiency of induction heating; P is the heating power; t0 is the buffer time to prevent overheating due to insufficient snow melting. The buffer time t0 can be set within 30 minutes.

[0059] Meanwhile, according to the train dispatching information, determine the interval time t1 between two trains passing through this turnout and the snowfall rate v to judge whether to continue the induction heating of the turnout body 5 for snow melting. The snowfall rate v can be used to calculate the snow depth when the next train passes, and thus obtain the total snow melting duration t. If t1 < t, the power of the induction heating coil 603 can be automatically adjusted to maintain the outer steel plate 605 within a certain lower temperature range for continuous snow melting and ice melting, so as to maintain the normal operation of the turnout body 5. If t1 ≥ t, the equipment needs to be turned off and waited to be turned on in advance when the next train passes.

[0060] It should be noted that in this article, the terms "including", "comprising" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such a process, method, article or device.

[0061] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A railway turnout active snow melting maintenance equipment, comprising a turnout body (5), an electrical cabinet (1) and a distribution pipeline (4) arranged at the output end of an air pump (3), characterized in that: The turnout body (5) comprises two basic rails (501) arranged at intervals, a point rail (502) is movably arranged on one side of the basic rail (501), and a plurality of induction heating devices (6) are arranged on the inner side of the basic rail (501) and are used for induction heating to melt snow between the basic rail and the point rail (502); The induction heating device (6) comprises an aluminum shell (601) for shielding an electromagnetic field. A ferrite (602), a coil (603), a fireproof and heat-insulating layer (604) and a steel plate (605) are sequentially arranged on the inner side of the aluminum shell (601). The ferrite (602) is magnetically conductive and acts on the outer steel plate (605). The coil (603) is arranged in a rectangular shape. An air inlet (606) is provided at one end of the aluminum shell (601). A plurality of equidistantly distributed air holes (1) are provided on the top of the fireproof and heat-insulating layer (604). A plurality of equidistantly distributed air holes (2) are provided on the bottom of the steel plate (605). The fireproof and heat-insulating layer (604) and the steel plate (605) are arranged at intervals. At the same time, cold air is input from the air pump (3) at both ends to cool the internal coil (603). After that, the coil is heated again in the gap between the heat-insulating layer (604) and the steel plate (605) to discharge snow and melt snow.

2. The railway turnout active snow melting maintenance equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical cabinet (1) comprises a power supply control device (101), an environment detection device (103), a sensor control transmission device (102) and an isolation transformer (104); the power supply control device (101) is connected to a cable (2) via electric wires; the cable (2) transmits electric power to an air pump (3) and an induction heating device (6) via the isolation transformer (104).

3. The railway turnout active snow melting maintenance equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of equally spaced sleepers (504) are installed at the bottom of the base rail (501); a slide bed plate (503) installed on the sleeper (504) is provided below the point rail (502); and a switch machine (505) is provided on one side of the base rail (501) for allowing the point rail (502) to slide freely in the direction of the base rail (501) until the point rails are joined.

4. The railway turnout active snow melting maintenance equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rain and snow sensor is arranged between the base rail (501) and the point rail (502), temperature sensors are arranged on the steel plate (605) and the slide bed plate (503), and the control transmission device (102) is respectively connected to the temperature sensor and the rain and snow sensor by telecommunication, and the signal is transmitted to the control center through the control transmission device (102) to monitor the snow melting and ice removal situation in real time.

5. The railway turnout active snow melting maintenance equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the air pump (3) is provided with a distribution pipeline (4), and the distribution pipeline (4) includes a gas delivery port (401), one end of the gas delivery port (401) is fixedly connected to an air pipe (402), and the air pipe (402) is fixedly connected to an air inlet (606).

6. The railway turnout active snow melting maintenance equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of equally spaced steel sheets are fixedly disposed at the bottom of the steel plate (605), and the steel sheets are connected to the slide bed plate (503) to conduct heat to the slide bed plate (503) to melt snow and remove ice.

7. The railway turnout active snow melting maintenance equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The superimposed thickness of the aluminum shell (601) and the steel plate (605) is less than the rail waist distance between the point rail (502) and the base rail (501) when the point rail (502) is joined to the base rail (501), and does not hinder the joining of the point rail (502).

8. An intelligent control method for railway turnout active snow melting maintenance equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Continuously determine the weather information in the turnout area using an environmental monitoring device. The weather information includes on-site temperature and humidity information, and snowfall conditions. Then, according to the train dispatching information, when a train enters a certain turnout body at a certain moment, determine whether to turn on the corresponding induction heating device and air pump, and at the same time determine the preset duration for starting snow melting and ice thawing in advance. The specific calculation method for this duration is as follows: Among them, t is the total duration reserved for snow melting in advance; h is the snow accumulation thickness; s is the area between the stock rail and the switch rail; ρ is the density of snow, which can be measured by on-site sampling or calculated according to an empirical formula; c is the specific heat capacity of water; T0 is the temperature of the snow accumulation; k0 is the heat transfer coefficient of still air; C is a constant determined by the properties of the outer steel plate material; n is an exponent depending on the type of air flow, taking 0.5 for advection and 0.8 for turbulence; V is the wind speed; A is the area of the outer steel plate; ΔT is the temperature difference between the steel plate and the environment; η is the heating efficiency of induction heating; P is the heating power; t0 is the buffer time to prevent overheating due to insufficient snow melting; S2: If so, output a preset control signal to the control center according to the advance snow melting time, generate an alternating current on the induction coil, heat the outer steel plate, and at the same time turn on the air pump to input cold air to cool the coil; S3: Determine the temperature of the outer steel plate according to the temperature sensor. Stop heating when its temperature exceeds the preset maximum temperature, and restart heating and snow melting when the temperature drops to the preset minimum temperature; S4: Determine the snow melting and ice removal situation according to the rain and snow sensor between the stock rail and the switch rail. If the snow accumulation has completely melted, the switch machine can be used to drive the switch rail to achieve rail merging; if it has not melted yet, return to step S3; if there is only a small amount of snow left and the slide plate temperature is high and there is no snow and ice formation, rail merging can also be carried out. The high temperature of the outer steel plate during rail merging can quickly melt the remaining small amount of snow; S5: Determine whether to continue to conduct induction heating for snow melting of the turnout body according to the interval time t1 between two trains passing through this turnout and the snowfall rate v obtained from the train dispatching information. The snowfall rate v can be used to calculate the snow accumulation thickness when the next train passes, and thus obtain the total snow melting duration t. If t1 < t, the power of the induction heating coil can be automatically adjusted to maintain the outer steel plate within a certain lower temperature range for continuous snow melting and ice thawing, maintaining the normal operation of the turnout body; if t1 ≥ t, the equipment needs to be turned off to wait for early start when the next train passes.

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