Wellhead pulse type dosing device and dosing method in single well production

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of single well production, in particular to a wellhead pulse type chemical feeding device and method in single well production, the wellhead pulse type chemical feeding device comprises a crude oil wellhead, a chemical tank, a polish rod, an oil dragging machine, an auxiliary production pipeline and a single well metering station, and the single well metering station is operated according to the following method: a production chemical is conveyed to the bottom of the chemical tank; crude oil and gas in the production main pipe are brought into the auxiliary production pipeline, part of the crude oil and gas on the left side of the auxiliary production pipeline enter the gallipot, the gas is gathered to the top of the gallipot, and the crude oil and chemicals are gathered to the bottom of the gallipot; and when the polish rod moves downwards, the production agent and the crude oil are brought into the left side auxiliary production pipeline by the gas discharged from the gallipot, mixed with the other part of the crude oil and the gas and then sent to a single well metering station. According to the pressure difference of the vertical reciprocating motion of the polish rod, wellhead automatic sealing pulse type dosing is achieved, operation is easy and convenient, the production cost is low, the wellhead back pressure can be rapidly reduced, the environment pollution risk can be reduced, and the working efficiency of field staff can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of single well production, and relates to a wellhead pulse dosing device and a dosing method in single well production. Background Art

[0002] Wellhead back pressure mainly refers to the flow resistance of crude oil produced from the formation from the oil well to the surface pipeline between the metering station, and is an important parameter affecting the production of oil wells. During the development of oil fields, the wellhead back pressure should be maintained within a reasonable range (≤2.5MPa). When the wellhead back pressure is high, the production of the oil well will inevitably be affected, causing certain economic losses to the oil field unit. If the high back pressure is not discovered in time, it will cause pressure change, flange leakage, environmental pollution, waste of manpower and material resources, and affect production.

[0003] At present, the main methods for dealing with high back pressure at crude oil production sites are well washing and heating the pipeline using pipeline heaters. Both methods have the disadvantages of high cost, heavy workload and low efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a wellhead pulse dosing device and dosing method in single well production, which overcomes the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and can effectively solve the problems of high wellhead back pressure, high cost in handling back pressure, large workload and low efficiency in existing crude oil production.

[0005] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: a wellhead pulse dosing device for implementing single-well production, including a crude oil wellhead, a medicine tank, a bare rod, an oil tractor, an auxiliary production pipeline and a single-well metering station, the crude oil wellhead is fixedly connected with a production main pipe, the auxiliary production pipeline crosses the production main pipe and is connected, the auxiliary production pipeline is divided into a left auxiliary production pipeline and a right auxiliary production pipeline through the production main pipe, a bare rod capable of reciprocating movement is sleeved inside the production main pipe, a rope is fixedly connected between the top of the bare rod and the oil tractor, a rubber valve is arranged on the top of the production main pipe, a packing is arranged on the top of the rubber valve, a dosing funnel is arranged on the top of the medicine tank, a medicine feed pipeline is fixedly connected between the bottom outlet of the medicine tank and the left auxiliary production pipeline, a single-well pipeline is fixedly connected between the right auxiliary production pipeline and the single-well metering station, a first production valve is arranged between the right port of the left auxiliary production pipeline and the production main pipe, and a second production valve is arranged between the left port of the right auxiliary production pipeline and the production main pipe.

[0006] The following is a further optimization and / or improvement of one of the above-mentioned technical solutions: A dosing pipeline is fixedly connected between the bottom outlet of the dosing funnel and the top inlet of the medicine tank, and a dosing control valve is fixedly installed on the dosing pipeline.

[0007] The left end of the left auxiliary production pipeline is fixedly connected to a first vent pipeline, on which a first vent valve is fixedly installed. The right end of the right auxiliary production pipeline is fixedly connected to a second vent pipeline, on which a second vent valve is fixedly installed.

[0008] The upper outlet of the medicine tank is fixedly connected to a third vent pipeline, a third vent valve is fixedly installed on the third vent pipeline, and a medicine tank control valve is fixedly installed on the medicine inlet pipeline.

[0009] The above also includes a controller. A crude oil output control valve is fixedly installed on the single well pipeline. The first production valve, the second production valve, the dosing control valve, the first vent valve, the second vent valve, the third vent valve, the medicine tank control valve and the crude oil output control valve are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0010] The second technical solution of the present invention is achieved by the following measures: a dosing method for a pulse dosing device at a wellhead in single well production, which is carried out according to the following method: the first step is to send the production agent to the bottom of the medicine tank for storage through the dosing funnel; the second step is to bring the crude oil and gas in the production main pipe into the auxiliary production pipeline when the light rod is on the upward stroke, a part of the crude oil and gas enter the left side of the auxiliary production pipeline, and the other part of the crude oil and gas enter the right side of the auxiliary production pipeline; the third step is that part of the crude oil and gas on the left side of the auxiliary production pipeline enter the medicine tank through the medicine feed pipeline, the pressure in the medicine tank is continuously increased, the gas gathers at the top of the medicine tank, and the crude oil and agent gather at the bottom of the medicine tank; the fourth step is that when the light rod is on the downward stroke, the pressure in the left auxiliary production pipeline gradually decreases, and the production agent and crude oil at the bottom of the medicine tank are brought into the left auxiliary production pipeline by the gas discharged from the medicine tank, and automatically enter the single well pipeline after being mixed with another part of the crude oil and gas on the right side of the auxiliary production pipeline; the fifth step is to send the crude oil and gas mixed with the production agent to the single well metering station through the single well pipeline.

[0011] The present invention realizes automatic wellhead closure and pulse dosing according to the pressure difference caused by the reciprocating motion of the polished rod. It is easy to operate and has low production cost. It can not only quickly reduce the wellhead back pressure, but also reduce the risk of environmental pollution and improve the work efficiency of on-site employees. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention.

[0013] The codes in the attached drawings are: 1 is the crude oil wellhead, 2 is the medicine tank, 3 is the bare rod, 4 is the oil tractor, 5 is the single well metering station, 6 is the production main pipe, 7 is the left auxiliary production pipeline, 8 is the right auxiliary production pipeline, 9 is the rope, 10 is the rubber valve, 11 is the packing, 12 is the dosing funnel, 13 is the medicine feed pipeline, 14 is the single well pipeline, 15 is the first production valve, 16 is the second production valve, 17 is the dosing pipeline, 18 is the dosing control valve, 19 is the first vent pipeline, 20 is the first vent valve, 21 is the second vent pipeline, 22 is the second vent valve, 23 is the third vent pipeline, 24 is the third vent valve, 25 is the medicine tank control valve, and 26 is the crude oil output control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present invention is not limited by the following embodiments, and specific implementation methods can be determined according to the technical solutions of the present invention and actual conditions. In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the equipment and devices used are all known and commonly used equipment and devices in the art.

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments: Embodiment 1: As attached Figure 1 As shown, the wellhead pulse dosing device for implementing single well production includes a crude oil wellhead 1, a medicine tank 2, a bare rod 3, an oil tractor 4, an auxiliary production pipeline and a single well metering station 5. The crude oil wellhead 1 is fixedly connected to a production main pipe 6, the auxiliary production pipeline crosses the production main pipe 6 and is connected, and the auxiliary production pipeline is divided into a left auxiliary production pipeline 7 and a right auxiliary production pipeline 8 through the production main pipe 6. The production main pipe 6 is provided with a bare rod 3 capable of reciprocating movement, and a rope 9 is fixedly connected between the top of the bare rod 3 and the oil tractor 4. The top of the production main pipe 6 A rubber valve 10 is provided at the bottom, a packing 11 is provided on the top of the rubber valve 10, a dosing funnel 12 is provided on the top of the medicine tank 2, a medicine feed pipeline 13 is fixedly connected between the bottom outlet of the medicine tank 2 and the left auxiliary production pipeline 7, a single well pipeline 14 is fixedly connected between the right auxiliary production pipeline 8 and the single well metering station 5, a first production valve 15 is provided between the right port of the left auxiliary production pipeline 7 and the production main pipe 6, and a second production valve 16 is provided between the left port of the right auxiliary production pipeline 8 and the production main pipe 6.

[0016] According to the needs, during the production process, the rubber valve 10 is in an open state, and the packing 11 plays a sealing role; after a period of use, the packing 11 is worn, and the crude oil leaks and needs to be replaced. At this time, the machine must be shut down, the rubber valve 10 must be closed to play a temporary sealing role, and then the packing 11 is manually replaced; after the packing 11 is replaced, the rubber valve 10 is opened and the production is resumed.

[0017] Embodiment 2: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1As shown, a dosing pipeline 17 is fixedly connected between the bottom outlet of the dosing funnel 12 and the top inlet of the medicine tank 2 , and a dosing control valve 18 is fixedly installed on the dosing pipeline 17 .

[0018] Embodiment 3: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, the left end of the left auxiliary production pipeline 7 is fixedly connected to the first vent pipeline 19, and the first vent pipeline 19 is fixedly installed with a first vent valve 20. The right end of the right auxiliary production pipeline 8 is fixedly connected to the second vent pipeline 21, and the second vent pipeline 21 is fixedly installed with a second vent valve 22.

[0019] Embodiment 4: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, the upper outlet of the medicine tank 2 is fixedly connected to a third venting pipeline 23 , a third venting valve 24 is fixedly installed on the third venting pipeline 23 , and a medicine tank control valve 25 is fixedly installed on the medicine inlet pipeline 13 .

[0020] As needed, when production is abnormal, pressure can be released in time through the first vent valve 20, the second vent valve 22, and the third vent valve 24.

[0021] Embodiment 5: As an optimization of the above embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a controller. A crude oil output control valve 26 is fixedly installed on the single well pipeline 14. The first production valve 15, the second production valve 16, the dosing control valve 18, the first vent valve 20, the second vent valve 22, the third vent valve 24, the medicine tank control valve 25 and the crude oil output control valve 26 are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0022] The pipelines and equipment of the wellhead pulse dosing device in the single-well production can be equipped with conventional valves, thermometers, liquid level gauges and pressure gauges known in the art according to production needs. When the equipment and pipelines are fixedly connected, threaded connections can be used, which eliminates the need for welding and makes installation convenient.

[0023] Embodiment 6: As attached Figure 1As shown, the dosing method of the pulse dosing device at the wellhead in the single well production is carried out according to the following method: the first step is to send the production agent to the bottom of the medicine tank 2 for storage through the dosing funnel 12; the second step is that when the polished rod 3 is on the upward stroke, the crude oil and gas in the production main pipe 6 are brought into the auxiliary production pipeline, a part of the crude oil and gas enter the left side of the auxiliary production pipeline, and the other part of the crude oil and gas enter the right side of the auxiliary production pipeline; the third step is that part of the crude oil and gas on the left side of the auxiliary production pipeline enter the medicine tank 2 through the drug inlet pipeline 13, the pressure in the medicine tank 2 is continuously increased, the gas gathers at the top of the medicine tank 2, and the crude oil and agent gather at the bottom of the medicine tank 2; the fourth step is that when the polished rod 3 is on the downward stroke, the pressure in the left auxiliary production pipeline 7 gradually decreases, the production agent and crude oil at the bottom of the medicine tank 2 are brought into the left auxiliary production pipeline 7 by the gas discharged from the medicine tank 2, and automatically enter the single well pipeline 14 after being mixed with another part of the crude oil and gas on the right side of the auxiliary production pipeline; the fifth step is that the crude oil and gas mixed with the production agent are sent to the single well metering station 5 through the single well pipeline 14.

[0024] The present invention is suitable for wells with high single-well production back pressure. It realizes automatic pulse dosing of crude oil at the wellhead through the pressure difference formed by the up and down reciprocating motion of the bare rod 3, which not only reduces the production loss caused by the high wellhead back pressure, but also reduces the risk of environmental pollution, reduces the cost of environmental protection treatment, and moves the risk prevention and control port forward, thereby improving the work efficiency of on-site employees.

[0025] At present, there are two main ways to deal with high back pressure at crude oil production sites: well washing and heating the pipeline using pipeline heaters.

[0026] Well washing method: Well washing consumes about 10m³ of water, and the price of each cubic meter of water is 80 yuan. The well is washed approximately every 3 to 5 days. The annual cost of well washing for each well is about 60,000 yuan.

[0027] Calculated based on flushing the well every 5 days: 10m³×80 yuan×365 days÷5 days=58,400 yuan Pipe heating method: The rated power of the pipeline heater is 30KW·h, and the electricity cost is 0.5 yuan / kWh, so each well needs to spend about 130,000 yuan in electricity costs per year; 30kw·h×0.5 yuan / kWh×24h×365=131400 yuan After the present invention is used, the well washing time can be extended, and the wells can be washed once every January to March, and the well washing cost of each well can be saved by about 50,000 yuan per year.

[0028] In summary, the present invention realizes automatic closure of the wellhead and pulse dosing according to the pressure difference caused by the reciprocating motion of the light rod. It is easy to operate and has low production cost. It can not only quickly reduce the wellhead back pressure, but also reduce the risk of environmental pollution and improve the work efficiency of on-site employees.

[0029] The above technical features constitute the embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Non-essential technical features can be added or reduced according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.

Claims

1. A pulse dosing device at the wellhead in single well production, characterized in that It includes a crude oil wellhead, a medicine tank, a bare rod, an oil tractor, an auxiliary production pipeline and a single-well metering station. The crude oil wellhead is fixedly connected to a production main pipe, the auxiliary production pipeline crosses the production main pipe and is connected, the auxiliary production pipeline is divided into a left auxiliary production pipeline and a right auxiliary production pipeline through the production main pipe, a bare rod capable of reciprocating motion is sleeved inside the production main pipe, a rope is fixedly connected between the top of the bare rod and the oil tractor, a rubber valve is arranged on the top of the production main pipe, a packing is arranged on the top of the rubber valve, a medicine adding funnel is arranged on the top of the medicine tank, a medicine feed pipeline is fixedly connected between the bottom outlet of the medicine tank and the left auxiliary production pipeline, a single-well pipeline is fixedly connected between the right auxiliary production pipeline and the single-well metering station, a first production valve is arranged between the right port of the left auxiliary production pipeline and the production main pipe, and a second production valve is arranged between the left port of the right auxiliary production pipeline and the production main pipe.

2. The pulse dosing device at the wellhead in single well production according to claim 1 is characterized in that A dosing pipeline is fixedly connected between the bottom outlet of the dosing funnel and the top inlet of the medicine tank, and a dosing control valve is fixedly installed on the dosing pipeline.

3. The pulse dosing device at the wellhead in single well production according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The left end of the left auxiliary production pipeline is fixedly connected to a first vent pipeline, on which a first vent valve is fixedly installed. The right end of the right auxiliary production pipeline is fixedly connected to a second vent pipeline, on which a second vent valve is fixedly installed.

4. The pulse dosing device at the wellhead in single well production according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The upper outlet of the medicine tank is fixedly connected with a third vent pipeline, a third vent valve is fixedly installed on the third vent pipeline, and a medicine tank control valve is fixedly installed on the medicine inlet pipeline.

5. The pulse dosing device at the wellhead in single well production according to claim 3 is characterized in that The upper outlet of the medicine tank is fixedly connected with a third vent pipeline, a third vent valve is fixedly installed on the third vent pipeline, and a medicine tank control valve is fixedly installed on the medicine inlet pipeline.

6. The pulse dosing device at the wellhead in single well production according to claim 1, 2 or 5, characterized in that It also includes a controller. A crude oil output control valve is fixedly installed on the single well pipeline. The first production valve, the second production valve, the dosing control valve, the first vent valve, the second vent valve, the third vent valve, the medicine tank control valve and the crude oil output control valve are all electrically connected to the controller.

7. The pulse dosing device at the wellhead in single well production according to claim 3 is characterized in that It also includes a controller. A crude oil output control valve is fixedly installed on the single well pipeline. The first production valve, the second production valve, the dosing control valve, the first vent valve, the second vent valve, the third vent valve, the medicine tank control valve and the crude oil output control valve are all electrically connected to the controller.

8. The pulse dosing device at the wellhead in single well production according to claim 4 is characterized in that It also includes a controller. A crude oil output control valve is fixedly installed on the single well pipeline. The first production valve, the second production valve, the dosing control valve, the first vent valve, the second vent valve, the third vent valve, the medicine tank control valve and the crude oil output control valve are all electrically connected to the controller.

9. A dosing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for a wellhead pulse dosing device in single well production, characterized in that The method is as follows: first, the production reagent is sent to the bottom of the medicine tank for storage through the dosing funnel; second, when the polished rod is traveling upward, the crude oil and gas in the production main pipe are brought into the auxiliary production pipeline, a part of the crude oil and gas enter the left side of the auxiliary production pipeline, and the other part of the crude oil and gas enter the right side of the auxiliary production pipeline; third, part of the crude oil and gas on the left side of the auxiliary production pipeline enter the medicine tank through the drug inlet pipeline, the pressure in the medicine tank is continuously increased, the gas gathers at the top of the medicine tank, and the crude oil and reagent gather at the bottom of the medicine tank; fourth, when the polished rod is traveling downward, the pressure in the left auxiliary production pipeline gradually decreases, and the production reagent and crude oil at the bottom of the medicine tank are brought into the left auxiliary production pipeline by the gas discharged from the medicine tank, and automatically enter the single well pipeline after being mixed with another part of the crude oil and gas on the right side of the auxiliary production pipeline; The fifth step is to send the crude oil and gas mixed with production reagents to the single well metering station through the single well pipeline.

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