Nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller

Abstract

The invention discloses a nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller, and relates to the technical field of nuclear power emergency diesel generator control, the nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller comprises a transmission module, a main control module and a function module, a nuclear power emergency diesel generator is connected with the main control module through the transmission module, and the main control module is connected with the function module; the sensor module in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator collects operation parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator and generates sensing signals, and the sensing signals are transmitted to the function module through the transmission module and the main control module. The function module generates a control signal used for controlling the operation state of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator and a sensor fault diagnosis signal used for representing the fault state of the sensor module according to the sensing signal. The controller has high automation degree, can detect the fault condition of each sensor in the sensor module in real time, and improves the reliability of operation parameter acquisition of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power emergency diesel generator control, in particular to a nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller. Background Art

[0002] Nuclear power emergency diesel generator sets are an important part of ensuring the safe operation of nuclear power plants. Nuclear power emergency diesel generator sets include multiple nuclear power emergency diesel generators. The units work in hot standby state all year round. When the power supply of the nuclear power plant is lost, they can automatically start to provide emergency power to ensure the safe operation of nuclear power plant equipment. Nuclear power emergency diesel generator sets need to be regularly tested for grid connection to ensure that they can be put into normal use in emergency situations.

[0003] The controller is the core component of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator. Because of its nuclear emergency-related functions, the reliability requirements for the controller are high. With the rapid development of power electronic control technology, the automation level of the existing controller can no longer meet the actual application. Its operating efficiency is low and it is unable to judge the fault of the sensor line. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the design concept and control performance of the controller according to the characteristics of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems and technical requirements, the inventors have proposed a nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller. The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller comprises a transmission module, a main control module and a function module, wherein the nuclear power emergency diesel generator is connected to the main control module via the transmission module, and the main control module is connected to the function module;

[0006] The sensor module in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator collects the operating parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator and generates a sensor signal, and the sensor signal is transmitted to the functional module through the transmission module and the main control module;

[0007] The functional module generates a control signal for controlling the operating state of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator according to the sensing signal, and a sensor fault diagnosis signal for indicating the fault state of the sensor module.

[0008] A further technical solution is that the functional module includes a human-computer interaction unit, and the human-computer interaction unit generates a sensor fault diagnosis signal based on the sensor signal. When the sensor fault diagnosis signal is generated based on the sensor signal, it includes:

[0009] Construct a sensor fault diagnosis model based on support vector machine;

[0010] Based on the sensing signal, the sensor fault diagnosis signal is generated using the constructed sensor fault diagnosis model.

[0011] A further technical solution is that the operating parameter includes the speed of a diesel engine in a nuclear power emergency diesel generator, the functional module includes a speed control unit for controlling the speed of the diesel engine, and the sensor module includes a speed detection unit;

[0012] The speed detection unit includes three speed sensors, and the speed control unit generates a speed indication signal according to the speed detection signals output by the three speed sensors, wherein:

[0013] The rotation speed indication signal includes an overspeed signal. When the rotation speed detection signals output by at least two of the three rotation speed sensors are greater than an overspeed threshold, the rotation speed control unit generates an overspeed signal.

[0014] A further technical solution is that the transmission module includes a signal input unit and a signal output unit, and the signal input unit includes an analog signal input circuit and a digital signal input circuit, wherein:

[0015] The analog signal input circuit includes an operational amplifier U2A, an operational amplifier U2B, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a capacitor C2 and a voltage stabilizing diode D2, wherein:

[0016] The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2A is grounded through a resistor R12 and connected to one end of a resistor R11, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to one end of a resistor R13 to form an analog signal input terminal;

[0017] The other end of the resistor R13 is grounded and connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier U2A through the resistor R10. The inverting input of the operational amplifier U2A is also connected to the output of the operational amplifier U2A through the resistor R9. The output of the operational amplifier U2A is connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier U2B through the resistor R14. The inverting input of the operational amplifier U2B is connected to the output of the operational amplifier U2B. The output of the operational amplifier U2B is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode D2 and one end of the resistor R15. The anode of the Zener diode D2 is grounded. The other end of the resistor R15 is connected to the main control module and grounded through the capacitor C2.

[0018] A further technical solution is that the signal output unit includes an analog signal output circuit and a digital signal output circuit, wherein:

[0019] The analog signal output circuit includes an operational amplifier U1, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a fuse F1, a bidirectional TVS tube D3, a transistor Q1, a voltage regulator diode D1 and a capacitor C1, wherein:

[0020] The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the anode of the voltage zener diode D1, one end of the capacitor C1 and one end of the resistor R2 through the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the main control module, the anode of the voltage zener diode D1 is grounded, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded;

[0021] The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is grounded through a resistor R4, and is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q1 and one end of the resistor R6 through a resistor R5. The base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 through a resistor R3, and the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC;

[0022] The other end of the resistor R6 is connected to one end of the fuse F1, one end of the resistor R7 and one end of the bidirectional TVS tube D3, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier U1, the other end of the bidirectional TVS tube D3 is grounded, the other end of the fuse F1 is connected to one end of the resistor R8 to form an analog signal output end, and the other end of the resistor R8 is grounded.

[0023] Its further technical solution is that the digital signal input circuit includes a resistor R18, a resistor R19 and a photoelectric coupler U4, the anode of the primary light-emitting diode of the photoelectric coupler U4 is connected to one end of the resistor R19, the collector of the secondary phototransistor of the photoelectric coupler U4 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC through the resistor R18 and connected to the main control module, and the emitter of the secondary phototransistor of the photoelectric coupler U4 is grounded;

[0024] The digital signal output circuit includes a resistor R16, a resistor R17 and a photocoupler U3, wherein the anode of the primary light-emitting diode of the photocoupler U3 is connected to the power supply voltage through the resistor R17, the cathode of the primary light-emitting diode of the photocoupler U3 is grounded, and the collector of the secondary photosensitive transistor of the photocoupler U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R16.

[0025] A further technical solution is that the operating parameters include operating parameters of a generator in a nuclear power emergency diesel generator, the operating parameters of the generator include output voltage and output current, the functional module includes an electrical protection unit for providing electrical protection for the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, and the electrical protection includes current protection, voltage protection, frequency protection, demagnetization protection, reverse power protection, thermal overload protection, differential protection, and stator grounding protection;

[0026] When performing current protection, the electrical protection unit compares the output current with the overcurrent threshold. When the output current is greater than the overcurrent threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs an overcurrent alarm signal to the main control module after the current delay alarm time. If the continuous output time of the overcurrent alarm signal is greater than the overcurrent shutdown threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal to the main control module to control the shutdown of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator;

[0027] The overcurrent delay alarm time is inversely proportional to the overcurrent difference, and the overcurrent difference is the difference between the output current and the overcurrent threshold when the output current is greater than the overcurrent threshold.

[0028] A further technical solution is that the functional module includes a synchronous excitation unit, and the synchronous excitation unit is used to control the excitation state of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator;

[0029] The speed indication signal includes an excitation starting speed signal, and the main control module generates an excitation start signal according to the excitation starting speed signal and sends it to the synchronous excitation unit;

[0030] After receiving the excitation start signal, the synchronous excitation unit modulates the magnitude of the excitation current according to the output voltage and output current of the generator in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, and outputs the excitation current to the excitation winding of the generator.

[0031] A further technical solution is that the synchronous excitation unit is also used to control the grid-connected working parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator according to the working parameters of the power grid when the nuclear power emergency diesel generator works in the grid-connected mode, so that the grid-connected working parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator match the working parameters of the power grid;

[0032] After the grid-connected working parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator match the grid working parameters, the synchronous excitation unit sends a closing signal to the main control module, and the main control module controls the grid connection of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator.

[0033] A further technical solution is that the main control module includes four MCUs, and each MCU is connected to the speed control unit, the electrical protection unit, the synchronous excitation unit and the human-machine interaction unit in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0034] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0035] (1) The present invention forms a nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller by adaptively connecting a main control module, a signal input / output unit, a speed control unit, an electrical protection unit, a synchronous excitation unit, and a human-machine interaction unit. The controller has functions such as speed control, electrical protection, excitation control, and synchronous grid-connected control, thereby realizing intelligent automatic control of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator and improving the degree of automation.

[0036] (2) The human-computer interaction unit described in the present invention introduces a sensor fault judgment function, that is, it can generate a sensor fault diagnosis signal for indicating the fault status of the sensor module based on the sensor signal, and can detect the fault conditions of each sensor in the sensor module in real time, thereby improving the reliability of the collection of operating parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator.

[0037] (3) The present invention divides the functional modules of the controller into multiple units according to the functions of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator set, namely, the speed control unit, the electrical protection unit, the synchronous excitation unit and the human-machine interaction unit. Correspondingly, four independent MCUs are arranged in the main control module, each MCU is connected to the speed control unit, the electrical protection unit, the synchronous excitation unit and the human-machine interaction unit in a one-to-one correspondence, and each unit uses an independent MCU to execute the control logic, which greatly improves the operation efficiency of the controller. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a speed control unit provided by the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an electrical protection unit provided by the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a synchronous excitation unit provided by the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 It is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of a signal input unit and a signal output unit in a transmission module provided by the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a human-computer interaction unit provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The specific implementation of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0045] The present invention provides a nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller, comprising a transmission module, a main control module and a functional module, wherein the nuclear power emergency diesel generator is connected to the main control module via the transmission module, and the main control module is connected to the functional module;

[0046] The sensor module in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator collects the operating parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator and generates a sensor signal, and the sensor signal is transmitted to the functional module through the transmission module and the main control module;

[0047] The functional module generates a control signal for controlling the operating state of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator according to the sensing signal, and a sensor fault diagnosis signal for indicating the fault state of the sensor module.

[0048] Specifically, the nuclear power emergency diesel generator mainly includes a diesel engine and a generator, and the diesel engine is used as the power to drive the generator to generate electricity. The sensor module collects the operating parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator and generates a corresponding sensor signal, which is input into the main control module through the transmission module. The operating parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator collected by the sensor module include diesel engine operating parameters and generator operating parameters, wherein the diesel engine operating parameters include diesel engine speed, bearing temperature, diesel engine coolant level and lubricating oil pressure, etc.; the operating parameters of the generator include three-phase voltage, three-phase current, generator coolant level and lubricating oil temperature, etc. Therefore, the sensor module collects and generates corresponding sensor signals including speed signals, bearing temperature signals, lubricating oil pressure signals, level signals, three-phase current signals, three-phase voltage signals, etc.

[0049] A nuclear power plant is usually equipped with a nuclear power emergency diesel generator set consisting of multiple nuclear power emergency diesel generators. Each nuclear power emergency diesel generator in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator set is correspondingly configured with a controller for control. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator set as a whole is usually controlled by a DCS (Distributed Control System). Therefore, the main control module generally also receives DCS signals through a signal input unit.

[0050] The functional module generates a control signal for controlling the operating parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator according to the sensor signal. The control signal is transmitted to the diesel engine actuator, generator actuator, generator excitation winding, circuit breaker and other actuators in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator through the signal output unit according to the corresponding control function.

[0051] The transmission module includes a signal input unit and a signal output unit connected to the main control module. The sensing signal is input to the main control module by the signal input unit, and then input to the function module by the main control module. The control signal generated by the function module can be transmitted to the nuclear power emergency diesel generator through the main control module and the signal output unit, or can be directly output to the nuclear power emergency diesel generator by the function module, so as to complete the automatic control of the operation status of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator.

[0052] The functional module also generates a sensor fault diagnosis signal for indicating the fault state of the sensor module according to the sensor signal, that is, the functional module can judge the fault of each sensor in the sensor module through the sensor signal, and can timely judge whether there is an abnormality in the sensor, and timely repair the faulty sensor, thereby improving the reliability of the collection of operating parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, and ensuring that the nuclear power emergency diesel generator can be put into use normally in an emergency. The specific working form of the transmission module, the main control module and the functional module, as well as the specific way in which the functional module generates the sensor fault diagnosis signal according to the sensor signal can refer to the following description.

[0053] Further, the functional module includes a speed control unit for controlling the speed of the diesel engine, the sensor module includes a speed detection unit, and the control signal includes a speed indication signal;

[0054] The speed detection unit includes three speed sensors, and the speed control unit generates a speed indication signal according to the speed detection signals output by the three speed sensors, wherein:

[0055] The rotation speed indication signal includes an overspeed signal. When the rotation speed detection signals output by at least two of the three rotation speed sensors are greater than an overspeed threshold, the rotation speed control unit generates an overspeed signal.

[0056] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of an embodiment of a speed control unit, wherein the speed indication signal also includes a start success signal, an excitation speed signal, a rated speed signal and an idle signal. The speed control unit calculates the average value of the speed detection signals output by the three speed sensors, and uses the speed represented by the average value of the three speed detection signals as the speed of the diesel engine. When the speed of the diesel engine reaches the start success speed, excitation speed, rated speed and idle speed of the diesel engine, the start success signal, excitation speed signal, rated speed signal and idle signal are output to the main control module accordingly. The main control module is used to execute the control logic of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, and can output a logic control signal to the speed control unit according to the speed indication signal and the control signal output by other units in the functional module. The logic control signal includes a speed increase signal, a speed decrease signal, a synchronization signal, a shutdown signal, a rated speed signal and an idle signal. The speed control unit outputs an execution signal to the diesel engine actuator through the main control module and the signal output unit according to the logic control signal, or directly outputs an execution signal to the diesel engine actuator, correspondingly controlling the diesel engine to increase speed, decrease speed, work at the synchronization speed, shut down, work at the rated speed and work at the idle speed.

[0057] Further, the functional module includes an electrical protection unit for providing electrical protection for the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, and the electrical protection includes current protection;

[0058] When performing current protection, the electrical protection unit compares the output current of the generator with the overcurrent threshold. When the output current is greater than the overcurrent threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs an overcurrent alarm signal to the main control module after a delayed alarm time. If the continuous output time of the overcurrent alarm signal is greater than the overcurrent shutdown threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal to the main control module to control the shutdown of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator; the overcurrent delay alarm time is inversely proportional to the overcurrent difference, and the overcurrent difference is the difference between the output current and the overcurrent threshold when the output current is greater than the overcurrent threshold.

[0059] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of an embodiment of an electrical protection unit includes voltage protection, frequency protection, current protection, demagnetization protection, reverse power protection, thermal overload protection, differential protection and stator grounding protection. Specifically, for current protection, in this embodiment, multiple overcurrent difference thresholds Ii are set from small to large, and each overcurrent difference threshold Ii is correspondingly set with an overcurrent delay alarm time ti. The larger the overcurrent difference threshold Ii, the smaller the overcurrent delay alarm time ti. The number of the overcurrent difference thresholds Ii and the overcurrent delay alarm time ti corresponding to each overcurrent difference threshold Ii can be set according to actual needs.

[0060] The voltage protection includes overvoltage protection and undervoltage protection. When the output voltage of the generator is greater than the overvoltage threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a voltage alarm signal to the main control module after the voltage delay alarm time; when the output voltage of the generator is less than the undervoltage threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a voltage alarm signal to the main control module after the undervoltage delay alarm time. If the continuous output time of the voltage alarm signal is greater than the voltage shutdown threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal to the main control module for controlling the shutdown of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator.

[0061] The frequency protection includes over-frequency protection and under-frequency protection. When the output voltage frequency of the generator is greater than the over-frequency threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a frequency alarm signal to the main control module after the frequency delay alarm time; when the output voltage frequency of the generator is less than the under-frequency threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a frequency alarm signal to the main control module after the under-frequency delay alarm time. If the continuous output time of the frequency alarm signal is greater than the frequency shutdown threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal to the main control module for controlling the shutdown of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator.

[0062] The demagnetization protection is specifically a multi-stage demagnetization protection, which responds to different degrees of demagnetization by setting different demagnetization characteristic ranges. The greater the demagnetization degree, the shorter the corresponding demagnetization delay alarm time. Specifically, in this embodiment, three demagnetization characteristic ranges are set from low to high according to the demagnetization degree, and three demagnetization delay alarm times are set from long to short correspondingly. Each demagnetization characteristic range corresponds to a demagnetization delay alarm time. The greater the demagnetization degree corresponding to the demagnetization characteristic range, the shorter the corresponding demagnetization delay alarm time.

[0063] When performing demagnetization protection, the electrical protection unit calculates the admittance through the output current and voltage of the generator. When the admittance exceeds the range of each demagnetization characteristic, the electrical protection unit outputs a demagnetization alarm signal to the main control module after the corresponding demagnetization delay alarm time.

[0064] If the continuous output time of the demagnetization alarm signal is greater than the demagnetization shutdown threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal for controlling the shutdown of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator to the main control module. The calculation method of the admittance and the setting method of the demagnetization characteristic range can be consistent with the prior art.

[0065] The reverse power protection specifically refers to that the electrical protection unit calculates the active power based on the output voltage and output current of the generator. When the active power is less than or equal to the reverse power threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a reverse power alarm signal to the main control module after the reverse power delay alarm time. If the continuous output time of the reverse power alarm signal is greater than the reverse power shutdown threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal to the main control module.

[0066] The thermal overload protection is specifically that the electrical protection unit calculates the heat accumulation value according to the thermal overload coefficient and the generator output current. When the heat accumulation value is greater than the thermal overload threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a thermal overload alarm signal to the main control module after the thermal overload delay alarm time. If the continuous output time of the thermal overload alarm signal is greater than the thermal overload shutdown threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal to the main control module. The thermal overload delay alarm time can be calculated according to the thermal overload coefficient and the generator output current, and the specific calculation method is consistent with the prior art.

[0067] The differential protection is specifically that the electrical protection unit calculates the differential current based on the difference between the current on the neutral point side of the generator and the current on the generating side. When the differential current is greater than the differential threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a differential alarm signal to the main control module after the differential delay alarm time. If the continuous output time of the differential alarm signal is greater than the differential shutdown threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal to the main control module.

[0068] The stator grounding protection specifically refers to collecting zero-sequence voltage / current through the zero-sequence voltage / current transformer in the sensor module. When the zero-sequence voltage / current exceeds the stator grounding threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a stator grounding alarm signal to the main control module after the stator grounding delay alarm time. If the continuous output time of the stator grounding alarm signal is greater than the stator grounding shutdown threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal to the main control module.

[0069] Further, the functional module includes a synchronous excitation unit, which is used to control the excitation state of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator;

[0070] The speed indication signal includes an excitation starting speed signal, and the main control module generates an excitation start signal according to the excitation starting speed signal and sends it to the synchronous excitation unit;

[0071] After receiving the excitation start signal, the synchronous excitation unit modulates the magnitude of the excitation current according to the output voltage and output current of the generator in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, and outputs the excitation current to the excitation winding of the generator.

[0072] Specifically, when the diesel engine speed reaches the excitation starting speed, the main control module receives the excitation starting speed signal and sends an excitation start signal to the synchronous excitation unit. The synchronous excitation unit modulates the magnitude of the excitation current and outputs it to the generator to make the generator run stably. It should be noted that since the excitation current is usually large, the excitation current is directly output to the excitation winding of the generator through the synchronous excitation unit.

[0073] Furthermore, the synchronous excitation unit is also used to control the grid-connected working parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator according to the working parameters of the power grid when the nuclear power emergency diesel generator operates in the grid-connected mode, so that the grid-connected working parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator match the working parameters of the power grid;

[0074] After the grid-connected working parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator match the grid working parameters, the synchronous excitation unit sends a closing signal to the main control module, and the main control module controls the grid connection of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator.

[0075] Specifically, the nuclear power emergency diesel generator has two working modes, namely, island mode and grid-connected mode. When the nuclear power emergency diesel generator works in island mode, it is not connected to the grid and supplies power to the load independently. At this time, the synchronous excitation unit automatically adjusts the output voltage of the generator according to the load change to maintain the output voltage frequency and amplitude within the normal range.

[0076] The nuclear power emergency diesel generator is connected to the grid when working in the grid-connected mode. At this time, the main control module sends a start synchronization signal to the synchronous excitation unit, and the main control module receives the grid working parameters. The grid working parameters include the voltage amplitude, frequency and phase sequence on the grid side. The grid-connected working parameters of the generator include the voltage amplitude, frequency and phase sequence on the generator side. After receiving the start synchronization command from the main control module, the synchronous excitation unit adjusts the voltage amplitude on the generator side according to the voltage amplitude, frequency and phase sequence on the grid side until the voltage on the generator side matches the voltage amplitude, frequency and phase sequence on the grid side, that is, the difference between the voltage amplitude and frequency on the generator side and the voltage amplitude and frequency on the grid side is within the allowable range, and the voltage phase sequence of the generator is the same as the voltage phase sequence of the grid. After the grid-connected working parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator match the grid working parameters, the synchronous excitation unit sends a closing signal to the main control module, and the closing signal is sent to the export circuit breaker of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator through the main control module and the signal output unit, so that the export circuit breaker is closed to complete the grid connection. When the working mode of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator needs to be converted from the grid-connected mode to the island mode, the synchronous excitation unit sends a trip signal to the output circuit breaker through the main control module and the signal output unit to control the working mode of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator to be converted from the grid-connected mode to the island mode.

[0077] Furthermore, the signal input unit includes an analog signal input circuit and a digital signal input circuit, wherein:

[0078] like Figure 5 As shown, the analog signal input circuit includes an operational amplifier U2A, an operational amplifier U2B, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a capacitor C2 and a voltage zener diode D2, wherein:

[0079] The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2A is grounded through a resistor R12 and connected to one end of a resistor R11, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to one end of a resistor R13 to form an analog signal input terminal;

[0080] The other end of the resistor R13 is grounded and connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier U2A through the resistor R10. The inverting input of the operational amplifier U2A is connected to the output of the operational amplifier U2A through the resistor R9. The output of the operational amplifier U2A is connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier U2B through the resistor R14. The inverting input of the operational amplifier U2B is connected to the output of the operational amplifier U2B. The output of the operational amplifier U2B is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode D2 and one end of the resistor R15. The anode of the Zener diode D2 is grounded. The other end of the resistor R15 is connected to the main control module and grounded through the capacitor C2.

[0081] The digital signal input circuit includes a resistor R18, a resistor R19 and a photocoupler U4, wherein the anode of the primary light emitting diode of the photocoupler U4 is connected to one end of the resistor R19, the collector of the secondary phototransistor of the photocoupler U4 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC through the resistor R18 and is connected to the main control module, and the emitter of the secondary phototransistor of the photocoupler U4 is grounded.

[0082] Specifically, the sensing signal may be an analog signal output by a thermal resistor, a transmitter, a voltage / current transformer, etc., or a digital signal output by a limit switch, a relay, etc. The analog signal is input into the main control module through an analog signal input circuit, and the digital signal is input into the main control module through a digital signal input circuit.

[0083] The analog signal can be a voltage signal and a current signal. In the analog signal input circuit, the operational amplifier U2A, the resistor R9, the resistor R10, the resistor R11, and the resistor R12 constitute a differential amplifier circuit, and the operational amplifier U2B forms a voltage follower circuit. The voltage signal is transmitted to the analog input interface of the main control module through the differential amplifier circuit and the voltage follower circuit. The resistor R13 is a sampling resistor. The current signal is converted into a voltage signal through the sampling resistor R13, and is also transmitted to the analog input interface of the main control module through the differential amplifier circuit and the voltage follower circuit. The voltage follower circuit and the main control module are connected by a voltage stabilizing diode D2 to ensure the stability of the signal voltage, and the signal noise collected is reduced by a filtering link composed of a resistor R15 and a capacitor C2, thereby ensuring the signal quality.

[0084] The digital signal is a high-level or low-level DC signal. When a high-level DC signal exists between the anode and cathode of the primary light-emitting diode of the photocoupler U4, the primary light-emitting diode of the photocoupler U4 is turned on, thereby turning on the secondary photosensitive transistor of the photocoupler U4, and the digital input interface of the main control module receives a low-level signal. Conversely, when a low-level DC signal exists between the anode and cathode of the primary light-emitting diode of the photocoupler U4, the primary light-emitting diode of the photocoupler U4 is not turned on, and the digital input interface of the main control module receives a high-level signal.

[0085] Furthermore, the signal output unit includes an analog signal output circuit and a digital signal output circuit, wherein:

[0086] The analog signal output circuit includes an operational amplifier U1, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a fuse F1, a bidirectional TVS tube D3, a transistor Q1, a voltage regulator diode D1 and a capacitor C1, wherein:

[0087] The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the anode of the voltage zener diode D1, one end of the capacitor C1 and one end of the resistor R2 through the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the main control module, the anode of the voltage zener diode D1 is grounded, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded;

[0088] The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is grounded through a resistor R4, and is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q1 and one end of the resistor R6 through a resistor R5. The base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 through a resistor R3, and the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC;

[0089] The other end of the resistor R6 is connected to one end of the fuse F1, one end of the resistor R7 and one end of the bidirectional TVS tube D3, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier U1, the other end of the bidirectional TVS tube D3 is grounded, the other end of the fuse F1 is connected to one end of the resistor R8 to form an analog signal output end, and the other end of the resistor R8 is grounded.

[0090] The digital signal output circuit includes a resistor R16, a resistor R17 and a photocoupler U3, wherein the anode of the primary light-emitting diode of the photocoupler U3 is connected to the power supply voltage through the resistor R17, the cathode of the primary light-emitting diode of the photocoupler U3 is grounded, and the collector of the secondary photosensitive transistor of the photocoupler U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R16.

[0091] Specifically, one end of the resistor R2 is connected to the analog output interface of the main control module. The analog signal output by the main control module is first filtered by the filtering link composed of the resistor R2 and the capacitor C1, and then stabilized by the voltage-stabilizing diode D1 and input into the signal amplification circuit formed by the operational amplifier U1, the resistor R3, the resistor R6, the resistor R7 and the transistor Q1. After amplification, it is output in the form of a 4-20mA current signal.

[0092] The anode of the primary light-emitting diode of the photocoupler U3 is connected to the digital output interface of the main control module. When the digital output interface outputs a high-level signal, the primary light-emitting diode of the photocoupler U3 is turned on, so that the secondary phototransistor of the photocoupler U3 is turned on, and the collector and emitter of the secondary phototransistor of the photocoupler U3 are connected to the loop formed by the relay or other devices, so that the loop is energized. Conversely, when the digital output interface outputs a low-level signal, the primary light-emitting diode of the photocoupler U3 is not turned on, so that the secondary phototransistor of the photocoupler U3 is not turned on, and the loop connected to the secondary phototransistor of the photocoupler U3 is not energized.

[0093] Furthermore, the functional module includes a human-computer interaction unit, which can generate a sensor fault diagnosis signal based on the sensor signal. When generating the sensor fault diagnosis signal based on the sensor signal, it includes: constructing a sensor fault diagnosis model based on a support vector machine; based on the sensor signal, using the constructed sensor fault diagnosis model to generate the sensor fault diagnosis signal.

[0094] Specifically, a support vector machine (SVM) is a classification algorithm that performs binary classification on data in a supervised learning manner, and the specific form of the SVM algorithm is consistent with the prior art. When constructing a sensor fault diagnosis model based on a support vector machine, it is necessary to first use the SVM to construct a sensor fault diagnosis basic model, train the sensor fault diagnosis basic model, and use the sensor fault diagnosis basic model trained to the target state as the sensor fault diagnosis model.

[0095] When training the basic model for sensor fault diagnosis, it is necessary to first collect the operating parameters of the diesel engine and the generator under historical operating conditions (including sensor fault state and normal state) to form a data sample. The data sample includes a multi-dimensional vector, each of which is composed of the operating parameters of the diesel engine and the generator at the same time, and each of which corresponds to a data label, which is used to indicate whether the sensor is in a fault state or a normal state.

[0096] The data samples are divided into a training set and a test set, and feature extraction is performed on the training set to extract features that can distinguish the sensor fault state and the normal state. Specifically, the time domain mean, time domain peak-to-peak value, time domain peak, time domain variance, frequency domain mean, frequency domain peak-to-peak value, frequency domain peak and frequency domain variance of the data are selected as the characteristic parameters of the data samples, and the key fault features are extracted based on the principal component analysis method, and then the maximum and minimum method is used to normalize each dimension of the fault feature vector. Each dimension of the fault feature vector and the corresponding data label of the training set are input into the sensor fault diagnosis basic model for training, and the grid search method is used to optimize the parameters of the sensor fault diagnosis basic model, and the sensor fault diagnosis basic model with the optimal diagnosis rate is used as the sensor fault diagnosis model. In the specific implementation, based on the sensor signal detected by the sensor module, the sensor fault diagnosis model generates the sensor fault diagnosis signal, and the sensor in the sensor module can be online diagnosed according to the sensor fault diagnosis signal.

[0097] The human-machine interaction unit receives the operating parameter information and alarm signals of the diesel generator from the main control module, and displays them on the touch screen interface in the human-machine interaction unit. When an alarm signal appears, the abnormal state position can be quickly located through the human-machine interaction unit. The human-machine interaction unit can also save the alarm content and time to the historical record for query at any time. The sensor fault diagnosis signal is also displayed on the touch screen.

[0098] Furthermore, the main control module includes four MCUs, and each MCU is connected to the speed control unit, the electrical protection unit, the synchronous excitation unit and the human-computer interaction unit in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0099] Specifically, four MCUs are interconnected, and Modbus communication is used to transmit information between the MCUs. Modbus communication is also used to transmit information between the MCU and the speed control unit, electrical protection unit, synchronous excitation unit and human-machine interaction unit. Each unit in the functional module uses an independent MCU to process the control logic, which greatly improves the operating efficiency of the controller.

[0100] It should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. It is understood that other improvements and changes directly derived or associated by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and concept of the present invention should be considered to be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller, characterized in that: It includes a transmission module, a main control module and a functional module. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator is connected to the main control module through the transmission module, and the main control module is connected to the functional module; The sensor module in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator collects the operating parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator and generates a sensor signal, and the sensor signal is transmitted to the functional module through the transmission module and the main control module; The functional module generates a control signal for controlling the operating state of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator according to the sensing signal, and a sensor fault diagnosis signal for indicating the fault state of the sensor module.

2. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional module includes a human-machine interaction unit, and the human-machine interaction unit generates a sensor fault diagnosis signal based on the sensor signal. When the sensor fault diagnosis signal is generated based on the sensor signal, it includes: Construct a sensor fault diagnosis model based on support vector machine; Based on the sensing signal, the sensor fault diagnosis signal is generated using the constructed sensor fault diagnosis model.

3. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating parameter includes the speed of a diesel engine in a nuclear power emergency diesel generator, the functional module includes a speed control unit for controlling the speed of the diesel engine, and the sensor module includes a speed detection unit; The speed detection unit includes three speed sensors, and the speed control unit generates a speed indication signal according to the speed detection signals output by the three speed sensors, wherein: The rotation speed indication signal includes an overspeed signal. When the rotation speed detection signals output by at least two of the three rotation speed sensors are greater than an overspeed threshold, the rotation speed control unit generates an overspeed signal.

4. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission module includes a signal input unit and a signal output unit, wherein the signal input unit includes an analog signal input circuit and a digital signal input circuit, wherein: The analog signal input circuit includes an operational amplifier U2A, an operational amplifier U2B, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a capacitor C2 and a voltage stabilizing diode D2, wherein: The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U2A is grounded through a resistor R12 and connected to one end of a resistor R11, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to one end of a resistor R13 to form an analog signal input terminal; The other end of the resistor R13 is grounded and connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier U2A through the resistor R10. The inverting input of the operational amplifier U2A is also connected to the output of the operational amplifier U2A through the resistor R9. The output of the operational amplifier U2A is connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier U2B through the resistor R14. The inverting input of the operational amplifier U2B is connected to the output of the operational amplifier U2B. The output of the operational amplifier U2B is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode D2 and one end of the resistor R15. The anode of the Zener diode D2 is grounded. The other end of the resistor R15 is connected to the main control module and grounded through the capacitor C2.

5. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 4, characterized in that: The signal output unit includes an analog signal output circuit and a digital signal output circuit, wherein: The analog signal output circuit includes an operational amplifier U1, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a fuse F1, a bidirectional TVS tube D3, a transistor Q1, a voltage regulator diode D1 and a capacitor C1, wherein: The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the anode of the voltage zener diode D1, one end of the capacitor C1 and one end of the resistor R2 through the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the main control module, the anode of the voltage zener diode D1 is grounded, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is grounded; The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is grounded through a resistor R4, and is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q1 and one end of the resistor R6 through a resistor R5. The base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 through a resistor R3, and the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC; The other end of the resistor R6 is connected to one end of the fuse F1, one end of the resistor R7 and one end of the bidirectional TVS tube D3, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the in-phase input end of the operational amplifier U1, the other end of the bidirectional TVS tube D3 is grounded, the other end of the fuse F1 is connected to one end of the resistor R8 to form an analog signal output end, and the other end of the resistor R8 is grounded.

6. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 5, characterized in that: The digital signal input circuit includes a resistor R18, a resistor R19 and a photocoupler U4, wherein the anode of the primary light emitting diode of the photocoupler U4 is connected to one end of the resistor R19, the collector of the secondary phototransistor of the photocoupler U4 is connected to the power supply voltage VCC through the resistor R18 and is connected to the main control module, and the emitter of the secondary phototransistor of the photocoupler U4 is grounded; The digital signal output circuit includes a resistor R16, a resistor R17 and a photocoupler U3, wherein the anode of the primary light-emitting diode of the photocoupler U3 is connected to the power supply voltage through the resistor R17, the cathode of the primary light-emitting diode of the photocoupler U3 is grounded, and the collector of the secondary photosensitive transistor of the photocoupler U3 is connected to one end of the resistor R16.

7. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 3, characterized in that: The operating parameters include operating parameters of a generator in a nuclear power emergency diesel generator, the operating parameters of the generator include output voltage and output current, the functional module includes an electrical protection unit for providing electrical protection for the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, the electrical protection includes current protection, voltage protection, frequency protection, demagnetization protection, reverse power protection, thermal overload protection, differential protection and stator grounding protection; When performing current protection, the electrical protection unit compares the output current with the overcurrent threshold. When the output current is greater than the overcurrent threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs an overcurrent alarm signal to the main control module after the current delay alarm time. If the continuous output time of the overcurrent alarm signal is greater than the overcurrent shutdown threshold, the electrical protection unit outputs a shutdown trip signal to the main control module to control the shutdown of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator; The overcurrent delay alarm time is inversely proportional to the overcurrent difference, and the overcurrent difference is the difference between the output current and the overcurrent threshold when the output current is greater than the overcurrent threshold.

8. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 7, characterized in that: The functional module includes a synchronous excitation unit, which is used to control the excitation state of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator; The speed indication signal includes an excitation starting speed signal, and the main control module generates an excitation start signal according to the excitation starting speed signal and sends it to the synchronous excitation unit; After receiving the excitation start signal, the synchronous excitation unit modulates the magnitude of the excitation current according to the output voltage and output current of the generator in the nuclear power emergency diesel generator, and outputs the excitation current to the excitation winding of the generator.

9. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 8, characterized in that: The synchronous excitation unit is also used to control the grid-connected working parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator according to the working parameters of the power grid when the nuclear power emergency diesel generator operates in the grid-connected mode, so that the grid-connected working parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator match the working parameters of the power grid; After the grid-connected working parameters of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator match the grid working parameters, the synchronous excitation unit sends a closing signal to the main control module, and the main control module controls the grid connection of the nuclear power emergency diesel generator.

10. The nuclear power emergency diesel generator controller according to claim 8, characterized in that: The main control module includes four MCUs, and each MCU is connected to a speed control unit, an electrical protection unit, a synchronous excitation unit and a human-machine interaction unit in a one-to-one correspondence.

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