A test method, device, equipment and storage medium of a cooling system

Abstract

This application provides a testing method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium for a cooling system. It relates to the field of refrigeration technology and is used to perform simulation analysis on a cooling system to optimize and adjust the system while ensuring data center security. The method includes: determining the test conditions and test indicators of the data center's cooling system; the test conditions reflecting the data center's operation; running a model of the data center's cooling system using simulation tools to simulate the cooling effect under the test conditions and monitoring changes in test indicators in real time during the simulation; the data center's cooling system model being constructed based on the operating parameters of each cooling component; and analyzing the operation of the data center's cooling model based on the cooling effect and changes in test indicators under the test conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of refrigeration technology, and in particular to a testing method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium for a cooling system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of data centers, the requirements for construction cycle and energy-saving performance are increasing. Large data centers have a huge number of server racks, which generate a lot of heat during long-term operation. In order to ensure stable operation of the equipment, it is necessary to effectively cool the server racks.

[0003] However, data centers have extremely stringent security requirements. Any malfunction or improper adjustment of the cooling system can lead to equipment overheating, shutdown, or even data loss. Against this backdrop, directly optimizing and controlling the existing cooling system on-site carries certain risks, especially in the optimization of air-liquid co-source cooling systems. Real-time monitoring of various parameters is necessary, and any operational errors or improper adjustments could jeopardize the system's stability and security.

[0004] Therefore, how to optimize and adjust the cooling system while ensuring the security of the data center has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a testing method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium for a cooling system, used to perform simulation analysis on the cooling system while ensuring the security of the data center, so as to optimize and adjust the cooling system.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a testing method for a cooling system, which is a dual-source air-cooled and liquid-cooled cooling system. The method includes: determining the test conditions and test indicators of the data center's cooling system; using the test conditions to reflect the data center's operation; running a model of the data center's cooling system based on simulation tools to simulate the cooling effect under the test conditions, and monitoring the changes in test indicators in real time during the simulation; constructing the data center's cooling system model based on the operating parameters of each cooling component of the cooling system; and analyzing the operation of the data center's cooling model based on the cooling effect and changes in test indicators under the test conditions.

[0007] The technical solution provided in this application offers at least the following benefits: By simulating the cooling effects of a co-source air-cooled and liquid-cooled cooling system under various test conditions using simulation tools, and combining this with changes in test indicators, a comprehensive understanding of the data center's cooling system operation can be achieved. Compared to the potential security risks associated with directly adjusting the cooling system's operating parameters, this simulation-based approach does not compromise data center security and can accurately simulate the cooling system's effects under different test conditions, thus providing data support for subsequent adjustments to cooling strategies and enabling the optimization and adjustment of the cooling system's operating parameters.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the model of the data center's cooling system includes an energy consumption model to reflect the energy consumption of the cooling system, and the test metrics include energy consumption indicators.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the energy consumption model includes at least one of the following:

[0010] The energy consumption models of cooling towers, cooling pumps, air-cooled cooling systems, and cooling capacity distribution units include the energy consumption and heat exchange models of the water pumps and heat exchangers within the cooling capacity distribution unit. The heat exchanger model is used to reflect the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the energy consumption model is an optimized model based on the roughness model of the coolant circulation pipeline; the roughness model of the coolant circulation pipeline is used to reflect the flow resistance of the coolant circulation pipeline; the roughness model is used to minimize the deviation between the actual parameter values ​​and the expected parameter values ​​in the coolant circulation pipeline.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the roughness model of the coolant circulation pipeline is constructed based on an objective function and constraints. The objective function characterizes the deviation between the actual and expected parameter values ​​in the coolant pipeline, while the constraints ensure that the flow resistance of the coolant circulation pipeline remains within the rated resistance range. In another possible implementation, the energy consumption model of the cooling tower is constructed based on a mechanistic model and a power model. The power model reflects the relationship between the fan frequency, air mass flow rate within the cooling tower, and the power of the cooling tower. Similarly, the energy consumption model of the cooling pump is constructed based on a mechanistic model and a power model. The power model reflects the relationship between the pump frequency, cooling water flow rate, and power of the cooling pump.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the test indicators include any of the following: energy consumption indicators, energy efficiency indicators, cooling efficiency indicators, heat load handling capacity indicators, and flow rate indicators.

[0014] Secondly, this application provides a testing apparatus for a cooling system, which is a dual-source air-cooled and liquid-cooled cooling system. The apparatus includes: a determination unit for determining the test conditions and test indicators of the data center's cooling system; the test conditions are used to reflect the operation of the data center; a testing unit for running a model of the data center's cooling system based on simulation tools to simulate the cooling effect under the test conditions and monitor the changes in test indicators in real time during the simulation; the model of the data center's cooling system is constructed based on the parameters of each cooling component of the cooling system; and a processing unit for analyzing the operation of the data center's cooling model based on the cooling effect and changes in test indicators under the test conditions.

[0015] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device comprising: a processor and a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein the processor is configured to perform a control method for an electrically tunable antenna as described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0016] Fourthly, this application provides a computer program product that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the steps of the related method described in the first aspect above, so as to implement the control method for electrically tunable antennas described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0017] Fifthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium that, when the instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by a processor of a server, causes the electronic device to implement the electrically adjustable antenna control method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the second to fifth aspects mentioned above can be referred to the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a cooling system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3A flowchart illustrating a testing method for a cooling system provided in this application embodiment;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the internal relationships within an energy consumption model of a cooling system provided in this application embodiment;

[0024] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating another testing method for a cooling system provided in this application embodiment;

[0025] Figure 6 A pressure-enthalpy diagram of an air-cooled system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a testing device for a cooling system provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplarily" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of the words "exemplarily" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0029] To facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of this application to distinguish the same or similar items with essentially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art can understand that the terms "first" and "second" are not intended to limit the quantity or execution order.

[0030] To optimize and adjust cooling systems while ensuring data center security, this application provides a testing method for cooling systems. This method uses simulation tools to model the cooling effects of both air-cooled and liquid-cooled co-source cooling systems under various test conditions. By analyzing changes in test indicators, a comprehensive understanding of the data center's cooling system operation can be achieved. Compared to the potential security risks associated with directly adjusting cooling system operating parameters, this simulation-based approach accurately simulates the cooling effect under different test conditions, providing data support for subsequent adjustments to cooling strategies and ultimately enabling the optimization and adjustment of the cooling system's operating parameters.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario provided by this application according to an exemplary embodiment. For example... Figure 1 As shown, this application scenario includes data center 101 and cooling system 102.

[0032] In some embodiments, the data center 101 is located in a computer room and includes rows of server racks arranged side by side. The server racks may include multiple processing chips and other hardware devices to achieve centralized processing, storage, transmission, exchange and management of data information.

[0033] In some embodiments, the cooling system 102 absorbs and removes the heat generated by the data center 101 during operation by circulating a cooling medium (such as air, water, etc.), thereby reducing the temperature of the data center 101.

[0034] The cooling system 102 includes a liquid cooling system, an air cooling system, and a cooling capacity distribution unit. In other words, the cooling system 102 is a dual-source cooling system of air cooling and liquid cooling.

[0035] Liquid cooling systems absorb and remove heat generated by equipment within the racks of Data Center 101 using a coolant (such as water or a specialized coolant). Liquid cooling systems are typically used to handle high-density heat loads, achieving more efficient heat transfer, and are particularly suitable for handling high-performance servers or computing devices. The advantages of liquid cooling systems lie in their high heat dissipation capacity and low energy consumption, especially excelling under high heat load environments. Therefore, liquid cooling systems can precisely cool critical components such as CPUs and memory.

[0036] Air cooling systems utilize airflow to remove heat. Fans or blowers deliver air to the surface of equipment, removing heat through heat exchange. Compared to liquid cooling systems, air cooling systems are simpler, less expensive, and widely used in environments with low to medium heat loads. The advantages of air cooling systems lie in their simple structure, ease of maintenance, and lower cost. Therefore, liquid cooling systems can cool components other than the key components mentioned above.

[0037] The cooling capacity distribution unit is responsible for the rational allocation of cooling resources between the liquid cooling system and the air cooling system, ensuring that the system can adjust its cooling capacity according to demand. In a co-source cooling system of air and liquid cooling, the cooling capacity distribution unit plays a coordinating role, dynamically adjusting the usage ratio of the two cooling methods according to different workloads and environmental conditions to achieve optimal cooling effect and energy efficiency.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a cooling system provided in this application according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 As shown, the cooling system includes a cooling tower 201, a cooling pump 202, a primary-side heat exchanger 203, and a liquid-cooled terminal 204. Figure 2 (not shown in the image), cooling distribution unit 205 and air-cooled terminal 206.

[0039] The cooling tower 201, cooling pump 202, and primary-side heat exchanger 203 constitute a primary-side circulation loop. The liquid-cooled terminal 204, cooling capacity distribution unit 205, and air-cooled terminal 206 constitute a secondary-side circulation loop. The secondary-side circulation loop is used to transfer the heat generated by the equipment in the server racks of the data center 101 to the primary-side circulation loop through heat exchange. The primary-side circulation loop is used to release the heat from the primary-side circulation loop to the external environment through heat exchange, ensuring that the coolant remains at a low temperature.

[0040] In some embodiments, cooling tower 201 is used to release heat from the coolant into the ambient air. Cooling towers are commonly used in liquid cooling systems, especially in applications requiring large-scale cooling of liquids. Cooling tower 201 utilizes the principle of evaporative cooling, through heat exchange between air and water, to lower the water temperature. The coolant, which is at a higher temperature, passes through the cooling tower, exchanges heat with the outside air, and then returns to the system to continue circulating after its temperature has decreased.

[0041] In some embodiments, the cooling pump 202 circulates coolant in the primary-side circulation loop (hereinafter referred to as primary-side coolant for ease of description) to achieve cooling by delivering the primary-side coolant to various components (such as the primary-side heat exchanger 203, liquid-cooled terminal 204, etc.). The cooling pump 202 maintains the flow of the primary-side coolant in the cooling system, ensuring that heat is effectively carried away and released through the cooling tower 201. The cooling pump typically adjusts the coolant flow rate according to changes in the system's heat load, thereby ensuring the efficient operation of the entire cooling system.

[0042] In some embodiments, the primary-side heat exchanger 203 is used to achieve heat exchange in a liquid cooling system. Through the primary-side heat exchanger, the primary-side coolant can exchange heat with the coolant in the secondary-side circulation loop (hereinafter referred to as secondary-side coolant for ease of description). In this process, heat in the secondary-side coolant is transferred to the primary-side coolant, which then carries this heat to a cooling tower, where it is released to the environment through heat dissipation, thereby cooling the primary-side coolant.

[0043] In some embodiments, liquid cooling terminal 204 refers to a device in a liquid cooling system that removes heat from equipment within a rack in data center 101. For example, liquid cooling terminal 204 is a liquid cooling plate kit.

[0044] In some embodiments, the cooling distribution unit 205 includes a water pump and a secondary-side heat exchanger. The water pump provides power to push the secondary-side coolant from a cooling source (such as a secondary-side heat exchanger) to a heat source (such as a CPU, GPU, power module, etc.) and remove the heat generated by the heat source. The secondary-side heat exchanger exchanges heat between the heated secondary-side coolant and the primary-side coolant to release the heat to the external environment.

[0045] In some embodiments, air-cooled terminal 206 refers to a device in an air-cooled system that removes heat from equipment within a rack in data center 101. For example, air-cooled terminal 206 is an air-cooled air conditioner. An air-cooled air conditioner performs a refrigeration cycle using a compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator. The refrigeration cycle includes a series of processes involving compression, condensation, expansion, and evaporation, supplying refrigerant to conditioned and heat-exchanged air. The compressor compresses refrigerant gas at high temperature and pressure and discharges the compressed refrigerant gas. The discharged refrigerant gas flows into the condenser. The condenser condenses the compressed refrigerant into a liquid phase, and heat is released to the surrounding environment through the condensation process. The expansion valve expands the high-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant condensed in the condenser into a low-pressure liquid refrigerant. The evaporator evaporates the refrigerant expanded in the expansion valve and returns the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas to the compressor. The evaporator achieves a cooling effect by utilizing the latent heat of refrigerant evaporation to exchange heat with the material being cooled. Throughout the cycle, the air-cooled air conditioner can regulate the temperature of an indoor space. The outdoor unit of an air-cooled air conditioner refers to the part of the refrigeration cycle that includes the compressor and the outdoor heat exchanger. The indoor unit of an air-cooled air conditioner includes the indoor heat exchanger, and an expansion valve can be provided in either the indoor or outdoor unit. The indoor and outdoor heat exchangers function as either condensers or evaporators. When the indoor heat exchanger is used as a condenser, the air-cooled air conditioner acts as a heater in heating mode; when the indoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, the air-cooled air conditioner acts as a cooler in cooling mode.

[0046] The testing method for the cooling system provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a testing method for a cooling system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0048] S101. Determine the test conditions and test indicators for the data center's cooling system.

[0049] The test conditions are used to reflect the operation of the data center. These test conditions can include various parameters such as ambient temperature (e.g., outdoor dry-bulb temperature, outdoor wet-bulb temperature), cooling load, the start / stop status of the cooling tower fans, the frequency of the cooling tower fans, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the cooling water, the start / stop status of the cooling pumps, and the frequency of the cooling pumps. By setting different test parameters, various operating conditions of the data center can be simulated. These test conditions are pre-set according to the application scenario of the cooling system.

[0050] Test indicators are used to analyze the performance of the cooling system under different test conditions. Test indicators are usually pre-set. For example, test indicators can be any of the following: energy consumption indicators, energy efficiency indicators, cooling efficiency indicators, heat load handling capacity indicators, and cooling system flow rate indicators.

[0051] As one possible approach, the test condition could be the current operating condition of the cooling system. Therefore, the operating parameters of the current operating condition of the cooling system can be obtained to determine the current operating condition of the cooling system.

[0052] As another possible approach, test conditions can be pre-set based on the application scenario of the cooling system. Examples include high-load conditions and extreme weather conditions (such as conditions during hot summer weather). In this way, pre-set conditions can simulate different business requirements, changes in the external environment, or potential extreme situations in the future, enabling performance verification and optimization of the cooling system during the design phase.

[0053] S102. Run a model of the data center's cooling system using simulation tools to simulate the cooling effect under test conditions, and monitor the changes in test indicators in real time during the simulation process.

[0054] The model of the data center's cooling system is constructed based on the parameters of each cooling component of the cooling system.

[0055] One possible approach is to input the parameters of the test conditions into the cooling system model to simulate the cooling effect under those conditions. After running the cooling system model using simulation tools, the changes in the test indicators output by the model can be obtained, allowing for real-time monitoring of these changes during the simulation.

[0056] In some embodiments, where the test metrics include energy consumption metrics, the model of the data center cooling system includes an energy consumption model that reflects the energy consumption of the cooling system.

[0057] The energy consumption model includes at least one of the following: the energy consumption model of the cooling tower, the energy consumption model of the cooling pump, the energy consumption model of the air-cooled cooling system, and the energy consumption and heat exchange model of the cooling capacity distribution unit; the energy consumption and heat exchange model of the cooling capacity distribution unit includes the energy consumption model of the water pump in the cooling capacity distribution unit and the heat exchange model of the heat exchanger in the cooling capacity distribution unit; the heat exchange model of the heat exchanger is used to reflect the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger.

[0058] The relationships between the energy consumption models of cooling towers, cooling pumps, air-cooled cooling systems, and the energy consumption and heat exchange models of cooling capacity distribution units are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, based on the refrigeration principle of the air-cooled and liquid-cooled homogeneous cooling system, the energy consumption model of the cooling tower and the energy consumption model of the cooling pump are linked through the cooling water flow rate; the energy consumption model of the cooling pump and the energy consumption model of the air-cooled system are linked through the cooling water flow rate; the energy consumption model of the air-cooled system and the energy consumption and heat exchange model of the cooling capacity distribution unit are linked through the total cooling capacity; the energy consumption and heat exchange model of the cooling capacity distribution unit and the energy consumption model of the cooling tower are linked through the cooling water supply temperature and the cooling water return temperature; the energy consumption model of the cooling tower and the energy consumption model of the air-cooled system are linked through the cooling water supply temperature and the cooling water return temperature; and the energy consumption model of the cooling pump and the energy consumption and heat exchange model of the cooling capacity distribution unit are linked through the cooling water flow rate.

[0059] Furthermore, for the energy consumption models of cooling towers, cooling pumps, air-cooled systems, and cold energy distribution units, please refer to the detailed descriptions of these models in the following embodiments. These descriptions will not be repeated here.

[0060] In other embodiments, where the test metrics include metrics other than energy consumption metrics, for example, where the test metrics include flow rate metrics of the cooling system, the model of the data center cooling system includes a flow rate model that reflects the volumetric flow rate of the fluid in the cooling system.

[0061] For example, flow models used to reflect the volumetric flow rate of fluids in a cooling system include flow models for cooling pumps. The flow model for a cooling pump can be determined based on the heat carried away by the coolant, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water, and the resistance of the cooling system.

[0062] In other embodiments, the energy consumption model is an optimized version of the roughness model of the coolant circulation piping. The roughness model of the coolant circulation piping reflects the flow resistance of the coolant circulation piping. The roughness model is used to minimize the deviation between the actual and expected parameter values ​​in the coolant circulation piping.

[0063] The roughness model of the coolant circulation pipeline is constructed based on an objective function and constraints. The objective function is used to characterize the deviation between the actual and expected parameter values ​​in the coolant pipeline, and the constraints are used to ensure that the flow resistance of the coolant circulation pipeline is within the rated resistance range.

[0064] For example, the mathematical expression of the objective function is shown in the following formula (1):

[0065]

[0066] Where obj(S) represents the resistance coefficient of each pipe in the coolant circulation pipeline to be optimized; Z represents the number of test conditions; N P N represents the number of pressure sensors in the coolant circulation line. Q p represents the number of flow sensors in the coolant circulation line. o,zi This represents the actual pressure value detected by the pressure sensor in the coolant circulation line, expressed in Pascals (Pa); p s,zi Q represents the expected pressure value detected by the pressure sensor in the coolant circulation line, in Pascals (Pa); o,zj This represents the actual flow rate detected by the flow sensor in the coolant circulation pipeline, expressed in cubic meters per hour (m³ / h). 3 / h); Q s,zj This refers to the expected flow rate detected by the flow sensor in the coolant circulation line, expressed in cubic meters per hour (m³ / h). 3 / h).

[0067] The mathematical expression for the constraint is shown in the following formula (2):

[0068]

[0069] Among them, S n,min S represents the lower limit of the resistance coefficient of the nth pipe; n,max This is the upper limit of the resistance coefficient of the nth pipe; n = 1, 2, 3, ..., n.

[0070] S103. Based on the cooling effect and changes in test indicators under test conditions, analyze the operation of the data center cooling model.

[0071] As one possible approach, the overall performance of the cooling system can be analyzed based on the cooling effect and changes in test indicators under test conditions. In this way, if the overall performance is poor, the current test conditions can be optimized or adjusted.

[0072] As another possible approach, by comparing the changes in cooling elements and test indicators under various test conditions, the test condition that optimizes the overall performance of the cooling system can be identified. Thus, the cooling strategy under this optimal test condition can be determined as the actual control strategy of the cooling system.

[0073] Based on the above S101-S103, this application provides a testing method for a cooling system. It can simulate the cooling effect of a co-source air-cooled and liquid-cooled cooling system under various test conditions using simulation tools. By combining the changes in test indicators, a comprehensive understanding of the data center's cooling system operation can be obtained. Compared to the potential safety risks of directly adjusting the cooling system's operating parameters, this simulation-based approach can accurately simulate the cooling effect of the cooling system under different test conditions, thus providing data support for subsequent adjustments to the cooling strategy and enabling the optimization and adjustment of the cooling system's operating parameters.

[0074] The following is an illustrative example of the simulation process for a cooling system when energy consumption is included as a test metric. Figure 5 As shown, after obtaining the operating parameters of the cooling system, these parameters are input into an energy consumption model that reflects the energy consumption of the cooling system. Specifically, the outdoor dry-bulb temperature, outdoor wet-bulb temperature, and cooling load are input into the cooling tower's mechanism model and power model. The start / stop status and frequency of the cooling tower's fans are input into the cooling tower's power model. The cooling water inlet temperature and outlet temperature are input into the cooling tower's mechanism model, the heat exchange and energy consumption model of the cooling capacity distribution unit, and the energy consumption model of the air-cooled system, respectively. The start / stop status and frequency of the cooling pump are input into the cooling pump's power model and the heat exchange model of the primary-side heat exchanger. Then, the energy consumption model is optimized based on the roughness model of the coolant circulation pipeline, resulting in the optimized energy consumption model outputting the operating status and energy consumption indicators of each component in the cooling system.

[0075] In some embodiments, the energy consumption model of the cooling tower is constructed based on the mechanistic model and the power model of the cooling tower.

[0076] The cooling tower's mechanistic model is used to simulate the heat exchange between air and water inside the cooling tower. The cooling tower's power model reflects the relationship between the frequency of the cooling tower's fans, the air mass flow rate inside the cooling tower, and the cooling tower's power.

[0077] The following examples illustrate the mechanistic model and power model of a cooling tower.

[0078] (1) Mechanism model of cooling tower

[0079] For example, a component-based cooling tower model can be selected as the mechanism model of the cooling tower, and the mathematical expression of this model is shown in the following formula (3):

[0080] Q ct =ε a M a (h s,w,in -h a,in ) Formula (3)

[0081] Among them, Q ct ε represents the heat dissipation of the cooling tower. a h is the heat exchange rate of the cooling tower. s,w,in The enthalpy of saturated air at the water temperature at the cooling tower inlet is expressed in kJ / kg; h a,in M represents the enthalpy of the air at the cooling tower inlet, expressed in kJ / kg. a This represents the air mass flow rate inside the cooling tower, expressed in kg / s.

[0082] When the Lewis number, used to describe the relative magnitudes of heat and mass transfer in a convection process, is equal to 1, the heat exchange rate ε of a counter-flow cooling tower is... a It can be expressed as the following formula (4):

[0083]

[0084] For the heat exchange rate ε of a cross-flow cooling tower a It can be expressed as the following formula (5):

[0085]

[0086] In formulas (4) and (5) above,

[0087] Where NTI is the number of heat transfer units; M w is the mass flow rate of cooling water, in kg / s; c and n are empirical constants of the cooling tower's mechanistic model; M * The ratio of the thermal efficiency of air to cooling water in a cooling tower; C p C s It is saturated air.

[0088] (2) Power model of cooling tower

[0089] For example, the air mass flow rate and power of a cooling tower are usually affected by the rotational speed of the fan in the cooling tower. Therefore, the mathematical expression of the power model of a cooling tower can be shown in the following formulas (6) and (7):

[0090] P fan =C0+C1M a +C2M a 2 Formula (6)

[0091] M a =D0+D1F Formula (7)

[0092] Among them, P fan The power of the cooling tower is represented by C0, C1, C2, D0, and D1, which are fitting coefficients. a is the air mass flow rate inside the cooling tower; F is the frequency of the fan in the cooling tower.

[0093] In some embodiments, the energy consumption model of the cooling pump is constructed based on the mechanistic model and the power model of the cooling pump.

[0094] The cooling pump's mechanistic model reflects the similarity of the cooling pump under different test conditions. The cooling pump's power model reflects the relationship between the cooling pump's frequency, cooling water flow rate, and power.

[0095] The following examples illustrate the mechanistic model and power model of a cooling tower.

[0096] (1) Mechanism model of cooling pump

[0097] For example, based on the similarity theory of cooling pumps, if two cooling pumps are similar in geometry, fluid properties, and operating conditions, then their operating performance (such as flow rate, head, and power) will also be similar. Thus, the performance of a large cooling pump in actual use can be predicted using a model of a small cooling pump used in the experimental stage.

[0098] For example, the similarity relationship between two cooling pumps can be shown in Equations (8), (9) and (10) below.

[0099]

[0100] Among them, f i M is the frequency of the cooling pump; c,i P is the cooling water flow rate of the cooling pump; in is the power of the cooling pump. i The speed of the cooling pump is: when i = 1, the cooling pump is the small cooling pump used in the above experimental stage; when i = 2, the cooling pump is the large cooling pump used in the actual use stage; or, when i = 1, the cooling pump is the large cooling pump used in the above actual use stage; when i = 2, the cooling pump is the small cooling pump used in the above experimental stage.

[0101] (2) Power model of cooling pump

[0102] For example, cooling pumps typically regulate the cooling water flow rate and power of the cooling water pump by adjusting the impeller speed. Therefore, the mathematical expression for the power model of the cooling pump can be shown in the following formulas (11) and (12):

[0103] P pump =A0+A1M c +A2M c 3 Formula (11)

[0104] M cdw =B0+B1f Formula (12)

[0105] Among them, P punp The power of the cooling pump is denoted by ; A0, A1, A2, B0, and B1 are fitting coefficients; M is the power of the cooling pump. c is the cooling water flow rate of the cooling pump; f is the frequency of the cooling pump.

[0106] In some embodiments, the energy consumption model of the cooling distribution unit and the energy consumption model of the water pump in the cooling distribution unit can refer to the specific description of the energy consumption model of the cooling pump mentioned above, which will not be repeated here. In addition, based on the principle of steady-state heat conservation, the heat change on the high-temperature side of the heat exchanger is equal to the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger, and also equal to the heat change on the low-temperature side of the heat exchanger. The mathematical expression of the heat exchanger model in the cooling distribution unit is shown in the following formulas (13) and (14):

[0107]

[0108] In the above formulas (13) and (14),

[0109] Where, ΔT m The average temperature difference of the heat exchanger, expressed in degrees Celsius (°C); m h This refers to the mass of the high-temperature medium, expressed in kilograms (kg); c h Specific heat of high-temperature medium, expressed in joules per kilogram of degree Celsius (J / (kg·℃)); t ho This refers to the high-temperature outlet water temperature, expressed in degrees Celsius (°C); thi This refers to the inlet water temperature on the high-temperature side, expressed in degrees Celsius (°C); m l The mass of the cryogenic medium is expressed in kilograms (kg); c l Specific heat of low-temperature medium, expressed in joules per kilogram of degree Celsius (J / (kg·℃)); t lo This refers to the inlet water temperature on the low-temperature side, expressed in degrees Celsius (°C); t li R represents the outlet water temperature on the low-temperature side, in degrees Celsius (°C); R represents the thermal resistance of the heat exchanger, in square meters·Kelvin per watt (m²). 2 ·K / W); K is the overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger, with units of watts per square meter per degree Celsius (W / (m²)). 2 ·℃));α l The convective heat transfer coefficient of the low-temperature medium is expressed in watts per square meter per degree Celsius (W / (m²)). 2 ·℃));α h The convective heat transfer coefficient of the high-temperature medium is expressed in watts per square meter per degree Celsius (W / (m²)). 2 ·℃));λ l The thermal conductivity of fouling on the low-temperature medium side is expressed in watts per square meter per degree Celsius (W / (m²)). 2 ·℃); λ is the fouling thermal conductivity of the heat exchange plate, in watts per square meter per degree Celsius (W / (m²)). 2 ·℃));λ h This refers to the thermal conductivity of fouling on the high-temperature medium side, expressed in watts per square meter per degree Celsius (W / (m²)). 2 ·℃));δ l δ represents the fouling thickness on the low-temperature medium side, in meters (m); δ represents the fouling thickness on the heat exchange plate, in meters (m); δ h F represents the thickness of the fouling on the high-temperature medium side, in meters (m); F represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the medium flow, in square meters (m²). 2 ).

[0110] In some embodiments, based on the principle of energy conservation and such as Figure 6 The pressure-enthalpy diagram of the air-cooled system is shown below. The mathematical expression of the energy consumption model of the air-cooled system is shown in the following formulas (15), (16), (17), (18) and (19):

[0111] q0=h1-h5 Formula (15)

[0112] p k =h2-h4 Formula (16)

[0113] w = (h2 - h1) Formula (17)

[0114] p k =q0+w Formula (18)

[0115] w0=(h2-h1) / η Formula (19)

[0116] In the above formula (19),

[0117] Where q0 is the evaporator-side cooling capacity of the air-cooled system, in watts (W); h1 is the enthalpy at the evaporator inlet, in joules (J); and h5 is the enthalpy at the evaporator outlet, in joules.

[0118] (J); h4 is the enthalpy value at the condenser inlet, in joules (J); h2 is the enthalpy value at the condenser outlet, in joules (J); p k η is the heat dissipation on the condenser side of the air-cooled system, in watts (W); w is the theoretical power consumption of the compressor, in watts (W); η is the isentropic compression efficiency of the compressor; p1 is the compressor suction pressure, in Pascals (Pa); p2 is the compressor discharge pressure, in Pascals (Pa); w0 is the actual power consumption of the compressor, in watts (W).

[0119] This application embodiment can divide the control device into functional modules according to the above method example. For example, each function can be divided into its own functional modules. The integrated modules can be implemented in hardware or software. It should be noted that the module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0120] When dividing each function into modules according to its corresponding function. Figure 7 A test apparatus for the cooling system in the above embodiments is shown. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the testing device for the cooling system (hereinafter referred to as the testing device for ease of description) 700 includes: a determination module 701, a testing module 702, and a processing module 703.

[0121] The determination module 701 is used to determine the test conditions and test indicators of the cooling system of the data center; the test conditions are used to reflect the operation of the data center.

[0122] Test module 702 is used to run a model of the cooling system of the data center based on a simulation tool, simulate the cooling effect under the test conditions, and monitor the changes of the test indicators in real time during the simulation; the model of the cooling system of the data center is constructed based on the parameters of each cooling component of the cooling system.

[0123] The processing module 703 is used to analyze the operation of the cooling model of the data center based on the cooling effect under the test conditions and the changes in the test indicators.

[0124] Of course, the testing device 700 includes, but is not limited to, the unit modules listed above. Furthermore, the specific functions that the aforementioned functional units can implement include, but are not limited to, the functions corresponding to the method steps in the above embodiments. For detailed descriptions of other modules of the testing device 700, please refer to the detailed descriptions of their corresponding method steps; these descriptions will not be repeated here.

[0125] In an exemplary embodiment, this application also provides an electronic device. The electronic device may include a processor and a memory; the memory stores processor-executable instructions; when the processor is configured to execute the instructions, the electronic device performs the method described in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0126] In an exemplary embodiment, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer program instructions thereon; when the computer program instructions are executed by an electronic device, the electronic device causes the electronic device to perform the method described in the foregoing embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium may be a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, such as a ROM, random access memory (RAM), CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage device.

[0127] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A test method for a cooling system, characterized in that, The cooling system is a combined air-cooled and liquid-cooled cooling system, including a primary-side circulation loop and a secondary-side circulation loop; the primary-side circulation loop includes a cooling tower, a cooling pump, and a primary-side heat exchanger, and the secondary-side circulation loop includes a liquid-cooled terminal, a cooling capacity distribution unit, and an air-cooled terminal; the method includes: Determine the test conditions and test indicators for the cooling system of the data center; the test conditions are used to reflect the operating status of the data center. The data center's cooling system model is run using simulation tools to simulate the cooling effect under the test conditions, and the changes in the test indicators are monitored in real time during the simulation. The data center's cooling system model is constructed based on the operating parameters of each cooling component. The data center's cooling system model includes an energy consumption model to reflect the energy consumption of the cooling system, and the test indicators include energy consumption indicators. The energy consumption model is an optimized model based on the roughness model of the coolant circulation pipeline. The energy consumption model includes: the energy consumption model of the cooling tower, the energy consumption model of the cooling pump, the energy consumption model of the air-cooled cooling system, and the energy consumption and heat exchange model of the cooling capacity distribution unit. The energy consumption and heat exchange model of the cooling capacity distribution unit includes the energy consumption model of the water pump and the heat exchanger model of the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger model reflects the heat exchanger's heat transfer capacity. The roughness model of the coolant circulation pipeline reflects the flow resistance of the coolant circulation pipeline. The roughness model minimizes the deviation between the actual and expected parameter values ​​in the coolant circulation pipeline. The roughness model of the coolant circulation pipeline is constructed based on an objective function and constraints. The objective function characterizes the deviation between the actual and expected parameter values ​​in the coolant pipeline, and the constraints constrain the flow resistance of the coolant circulation pipeline to be within the rated resistance range. Based on the cooling effect under the test conditions and the changes in the test indicators, the operation of the data center cooling model is analyzed.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy consumption model of the cooling tower is constructed based on the mechanism model and the power model of the cooling tower; the power model of the cooling tower is used to reflect the relationship between the frequency of the fan in the cooling tower, the air mass flow rate in the cooling tower, and the power of the cooling tower. The energy consumption model of the cooling pump is constructed based on the mechanism model and the power model of the cooling pump; the power model of the cooling pump is used to reflect the relationship between the frequency of the cooling pump, the cooling water flow rate of the cooling pump, and the power of the cooling pump.

3. The method according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The test indicators include any one of the following: energy consumption indicators, energy efficiency indicators, cooling efficiency indicators, heat load handling capacity indicators, and flow rate indicators.

4. A testing device for a cooling system, characterized in that, The cooling system is a dual-source air-cooled and liquid-cooled cooling system, comprising a primary-side circulation loop and a secondary-side circulation loop; the primary-side circulation loop includes a cooling tower, a cooling pump, and a primary-side heat exchanger, and the secondary-side circulation loop includes a liquid-cooled terminal, a cooling capacity distribution unit, and an air-cooled terminal. The device includes: The determining unit is used to determine the test conditions and test indicators of the cooling system of the data center; the test conditions are used to reflect the operating status of the data center. The testing unit is used to run a model of the data center's cooling system based on simulation tools, simulate the cooling effect under the test conditions, and monitor the changes in the test indicators in real time during the simulation. The model of the data center's cooling system is constructed based on the parameters of each cooling component of the cooling system. The model of the data center's cooling system includes an energy consumption model to reflect the energy consumption of the cooling system, and the test indicators include energy consumption indicators. The energy consumption model is an optimized model based on the roughness model of the coolant circulation pipeline. The energy consumption model includes: the energy consumption model of the cooling tower, the energy consumption model of the cooling pump, the energy consumption model of the air-cooled cooling system, and the energy consumption and heat exchange model of the cooling capacity distribution unit. The energy consumption and heat exchange model of the cooling capacity distribution unit includes the energy consumption model of the water pump and the heat exchanger model of the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger model reflects the heat exchanger's heat transfer capacity. The roughness model of the coolant circulation pipeline reflects the flow resistance of the coolant circulation pipeline. The roughness model minimizes the deviation between the actual and expected parameter values ​​in the coolant circulation pipeline. The roughness model of the coolant circulation pipeline is constructed based on an objective function and constraints. The objective function characterizes the deviation between the actual and expected parameter values ​​in the coolant pipeline, and the constraints constrain the flow resistance of the coolant circulation pipeline to be within the rated resistance range. The processing unit is used to analyze the operation of the data center cooling model based on the cooling effect under the test conditions and the changes in the test indicators.

5. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: a processor and a memory; The memory stores instructions that the processor can execute; When the processor is configured to execute the instructions, the electronic device performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-3.

6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes: computer software instructions; When the computer software instructions are executed in an electronic device, the electronic device causes the electronic device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-3.

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