Integrated testing machine suitable for high temperature working condition and application thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of material mechanical property testing equipment, and specifically discloses an integrated testing machine suitable for multi-directional tension and torsion under high-temperature working conditions and application thereof, which comprises a base, a shell frame in the shape of a cylinder and without a top is arranged directly above the base and is connected to the base through a leveling structure, a loading platform is arranged in the shell frame, and an annular accommodation groove is reserved between the base and the loading platform; a heating device is arranged at the center of the loading platform, a plurality of rotatable support platforms are arranged in a ring around the heating device, a tension-torsion jaw mechanism for driving the clamped metal material to be tested to perform tension and / or torsion test is arranged on each support platform, and a rotary driving mechanism for driving the rotation of the support platforms is arranged in the shell frame. The integrated testing machine can simulate the real stress condition of the metal material to be tested at different temperatures through the coordinated cooperation of the plurality of tension-torsion jaw mechanisms and the rotary driving mechanism to perform mechanical property test, and can meet the selection and design requirements of the metal material under different temperature environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of material mechanical property testing equipment, specifically relating to an integrated testing machine suitable for multi-directional tension and torsion testing under high-temperature conditions and its application, mainly used for testing the mechanical properties of metallic materials. Background Technology

[0002] As we all know, metallic materials are the foundation of modern industry and are widely used in many fields such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, energy extraction, and construction engineering. These applications place extremely high demands on the performance of metallic materials, especially their mechanical properties under complex working conditions.

[0003] In practical applications, metallic materials operate in complex and variable environments, requiring them to withstand multiple loads simultaneously. Taking aero-engines as an example, their critical metallic components operate in high-temperature environments, enduring not only axial tensile forces in different directions but also torsional forces due to the complex power transmission and interaction of rotating components within the engine. Therefore, testing the mechanical properties of metallic materials under complex stress conditions is crucial for ensuring the safety and reliability of these critical components during actual operation.

[0004] However, current tensile and torsional testing techniques for metallic materials have many limitations. Traditional testing machines typically only perform unidirectional or bidirectional tensile and torsional tests. While this method can obtain some mechanical property data when a material is subjected to force in a single direction, the stress conditions faced by metallic materials in actual engineering situations are far more complex. For example, a cantilever beam in a bridge structure simultaneously bears tensile and / or torsional forces from different directions. Under this complex stress mode, conventional unidirectional or bidirectional tensile and torsional tests cannot fully reflect the true stress distribution within the material. This is because when a material is subjected to multidirectional forces, its internal stress-strain relationship is a complex, mutually coupled process. Forces in different directions influence each other, leading to significant differences in the material's deformation and stress state compared to when subjected to unidirectional forces.

[0005] This limitation is also reflected in the following two aspects: First, the existing testing machines are not capable enough to simulate complex stress environments. They are mostly designed based on simple mechanical models and are difficult to accurately reproduce the complex multi-directional load conditions that metallic materials bear in actual engineering. Second, in the data processing and analysis stage, because the experiment did not fully consider the interaction of multi-directional forces, the stress-strain model established based on the experimental results is too idealistic and deviates greatly from the actual complex working conditions.

[0006] Furthermore, existing testing machines generally lack high-temperature environment simulation devices. However, under high-temperature conditions, the physical and mechanical properties of metallic materials undergo significant changes, such as thermal expansion and material softening. These phenomena significantly impact the stress-strain relationship of the material. Current technologies often neglect the crucial factor of temperature when conducting tensile and torsion tests, resulting in test results that fail to accurately reflect the performance of metallic materials under complex high-temperature stress conditions. This fails to meet the selection and design requirements for metallic materials in high-temperature environments.

[0007] In view of this, this invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an integrated testing machine suitable for multi-directional tensile and torsion testing under high-temperature conditions and its application. It is mainly used to solve the problem that traditional testing machines can only perform unidirectional or bidirectional tensile and torsion tests. That is, the existing technology has poor ability to simulate complex stress environments, does not fully consider the multi-directional force, and most of them do not have high-temperature simulation devices. They cannot meet the mechanical performance testing requirements of metal material selection and design under actual high-temperature complex stress conditions, and there are certain safety hazards.

[0009] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrated testing machine suitable for multi-directional tensile and torsional testing under high-temperature conditions, comprising a base, a cylindrical shell frame without a top arranged directly above the base, the shell frame being connected to the base through a leveling structure, a circular platform being fixed in the top opening of the shell frame, and an annular clearance groove being reserved between the platform and the shell frame.

[0011] A heating device is provided at the center of the platform. Multiple rotating support platforms are arranged in a ring around the heating device on the platform. Each support platform is equipped with a tension-torsion gripper mechanism. The tension-torsion gripper mechanism is used to drive the clamped metal material to be tested to perform tension and / or torsion tests. A rotation drive mechanism is provided inside the housing frame. The rotation drive mechanism is connected to the corresponding support platform through a transmission component provided in the annular relief groove, and is used to drive the support platform to rotate around the heating device.

[0012] Furthermore, the pull-torsion gripper mechanism includes a motor support base disposed on a support platform, on which a torsion servo motor is mounted, and the output end of the torsion servo motor is detachably connected to a gripper located on one side of the heating device via a transmission rod.

[0013] Furthermore, two linear guide rails are laid on the support platform along the radial spacing of the shell frame. The bottom of the motor support seat is provided with a sliding groove that is slidably connected to the linear guide rails. A lead screw is installed on the support platform. The lead screw is arranged parallel between the two linear guide rails and is screwed to a lead screw nut fixed to the bottom of the motor support seat. One end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the support platform through a bearing, and the other end is connected to a tensioning servo motor fixed to the outside of the support platform through a coupling.

[0014] Furthermore, a displacement sensor is installed on the support platform at one end of the tensioning servo motor, and the displacement sensor is used to monitor the displacement relationship between the gripper and the support platform.

[0015] Furthermore, an annular guide rail is provided on the platform with the heating device as the center, and an arc-shaped groove that mates with the annular guide rail is provided at the bottom of each support platform.

[0016] Furthermore, the number of support platforms is four, the corresponding number of pull-torsion gripper mechanisms is four, and the corresponding rotary drive mechanism is equipped with four sets of gears.

[0017] Furthermore, each gear set includes an internal gear fixedly connected to a transmission component. The internal gear contains a rotary servo motor and an external gear. The rotary servo motor is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the housing frame, and the output shaft of the rotary servo motor is arranged along the axial direction of the housing frame. The bottom center of the external gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotary servo motor, and the external gear meshes with the internal gear.

[0018] Furthermore, the transmission component includes a vertical part and a horizontal part. The outer diameter of the vertical part is smaller than the width of the annular relief groove. One end of the vertical part passes through the annular relief groove and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support platform. The other end is fixedly connected to one end of the horizontal part. The other end of the horizontal part is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the internal gear.

[0019] Furthermore, the four internal gears in the four sets of gears are stacked, and any two adjacent internal gears are slidably separated by an annular partition with embedded balls.

[0020] Secondly, the present invention provides an application based on the above-mentioned integrated testing machine, which is used to perform uniaxial tensile, uniaxial torsion, uniaxial tension-torsion, biaxial tensile, biaxial torsion, biaxial tension-torsion, multiaxial tensile, multiaxial torsion or multiaxial tension-torsion tests on the metal material to be tested, and all tests can be carried out in a high temperature environment.

[0021] Among them, biaxial tests can be performed with equal or unequal proportions of tension, tension-torsion, and tension-torsion.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The integrated testing machine provided by this invention mainly utilizes a tension-torsion gripper mechanism and a rotary drive mechanism set on multiple support platforms to work together to achieve various tests such as uniaxial, biaxial, and multiaxial tensile, torsion, and tension-torsion tests. All of these tests can be carried out at corresponding temperatures, thus accurately simulating the stress conditions of metallic materials under actual complex working conditions. Furthermore, the integrated testing machine has a reasonable structural design, such as the precise design of the gear set in the rotary drive mechanism and the monitoring of displacement relationships by displacement sensors. This effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional testing machines, such as poor ability to simulate complex stress environments, insufficient consideration of multi-directional force effects, and the lack of high-temperature simulation devices. It can meet the needs of mechanical performance testing for the selection and design of metallic materials under high-temperature and complex stress conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings are incorporated in and form part of this specification, and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated testing machine of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the integrated testing machine of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the support platform and the tension-torsion gripper mechanism in the integrated testing machine of this invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the support platform, the tension-torsion gripper mechanism, and the rotary drive mechanism in the integrated testing machine of this invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is an exploded structural diagram of the rotary drive mechanism in the integrated testing machine of the present invention.

[0031] in:

[0032] 1 represents the base;

[0033] 2 is the leveling structure;

[0034] 3 represents the shell frame;

[0035] 4 represents the platform; 41 represents the circular guide rail;

[0036] 5 is an annular clearance groove;

[0037] 6 represents the heating device;

[0038] 7 represents the support platform; 71 represents the arc-shaped groove;

[0039] 8 is the tension-torsion gripper mechanism; 81 is the motor support base; 82 is the torsion servo motor; 83 is the transmission rod; 84 is the gripper; 85 is the linear guide rail; 86 is the lead screw; 87 is the lead screw nut; 88 is the tension servo motor; 89 is the displacement sensor.

[0040] 9 is the rotary drive mechanism; 91 is the transmission component; 92 is the internal gear; 93 is the rotary servo motor; 94 is the external gear; 95 is the annular partition; 911 is the vertical part; 912 is the horizontal part. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses consistent with some aspects of the invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0042] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Please see Figures 1-5 The present invention provides an integrated testing machine suitable for multi-directional tensile and torsional testing under high-temperature conditions, which includes a base 1. A shell frame 3 is connected to the base 1 through a leveling structure 2. The shell frame 3 is a stepped cylindrical structure without a top and with a bottom. Its bottom is firmly connected to the leveling structure 2. A circular platform 4 is provided in the opening at the top of the shell frame 3. The platform 4 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the shell frame 3 through multiple connecting columns. After connection, the upper surface of the platform 4 is on the same horizontal plane as the top surface of the shell frame 3. At the same time, an annular clearance groove 5 is reserved between the platform 4 and the shell frame 3 after connection.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, the base 1 serves as the foundation of the entire testing machine and can be stably connected to the testing platform or foundation to ensure that it can withstand various forces during the test without shaking or displacement. The shape of the base 1 is flexible and diverse, and can be a cylinder, cube, or cuboid; this embodiment of the invention does not impose a specific limitation. The function of the leveling structure 2 is to avoid tilting problems caused by uneven ground or installation errors, thereby effectively eliminating the adverse effects of gravity on the test results. In practical applications, the leveling structure 2 has various forms to choose from, including existing technologies such as spiral leveling structures and hydraulic leveling structures, which will not be described in detail here.

[0045] It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the invention, a heating device 6 is provided at the center of the stage 4. This heating device 6 preferably uses wire heating, whereby when current passes through the wire, the wire heats up due to resistance, and the generated heat heats the metal material to be tested, thus simulating the stress on the metal material under high-temperature conditions. Simultaneously, multiple rotatable support platforms 7 are arranged in a ring around the heating device 6 on the surface of the stage 4. Each support platform 7 is equipped with a tension-torsion gripper mechanism 8, which drives the clamped metal material to be tested for tension and / or torsion tests. Furthermore, a rotary drive mechanism 9 is provided within the housing frame 3. This rotary drive mechanism 9 is connected to the corresponding support platform 7 via a transmission component 91 located in the annular relief groove 5. This design allows the rotary drive mechanism 9 to provide stable rotational power to the support platform 7, thereby driving the support platform 7 and the tension-torsion gripper mechanism 8 on the support platform 7 to rotate around the heating device 6 at any angle, creating conditions for realizing multi-directional tension and torsion tests on metal materials.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown in this embodiment of the invention, each pull-torsion gripper mechanism 8 includes a motor support base 81 mounted on a support platform 7. A torsion servo motor 82 is mounted on the side of the motor support base 81 away from the heating device 6. The output end of the torsion servo motor 82 is detachably connected to a gripper 84 located on one side of the heating device 6 via a transmission rod 83. This detachable connection allows the operator to easily and quickly change the corresponding gripper according to the specific type of the metal material to be tested. With the above configuration, when testing the metal material, by controlling the rotation speed and direction of the torsion servo motor 82, the metal material to be tested, gripped by the gripper 84, can be torsioned, thereby simulating the torsional force and angle experienced by the metal material under actual complex working conditions.

[0047] Furthermore, each set of tension-torsion gripper mechanisms 8 is also equipped with a tensioning structure for tensioning the metal material to be tested. This tensioning structure includes two linear guide rails 85, which are laid on the support platform 7 along the radial spacing of the housing frame 3. The bottom of the corresponding motor support 81 is provided with a sliding groove that slides along the two linear guide rails 85 to ensure that the motor support 81 can slide back and forth along the linear guide rails 85. At the same time, a lead screw 86 is also installed on the support platform 7. The lead screw 86 is arranged parallel between the two linear guide rails 85 and is threadedly connected to a lead screw nut 87 fixedly installed at the bottom of the motor support 81. One end of the lead screw 86 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the support platform 7 through a bearing, and the other end is connected to the tensioning servo motor 88 fixed on the outer side of the support platform 7 through a coupling. When the tensioning servo motor 88 is started, it will drive the lead screw 86 to rotate. Since the lead screw nut 87 is fixedly connected to the motor support 81, the rotational motion of the lead screw 86 will be converted into the linear motion of the motor support 81 along the linear guide rail 85, thereby realizing the tensioning operation of the metal material to be tested, and thus simulating the tension force and displacement of the metal material under actual complex working conditions.

[0048] Preferably, a displacement sensor 89 is installed on the support platform 7 at one end of the tensioning servo motor 88. The displacement sensor 89 is used to monitor the displacement relationship between the gripper 84 and the support platform 7. The displacement sensor 89 needs to be zeroed before the test.

[0049] In this embodiment of the invention, an annular guide rail 41 is provided on the surface of the platform 4 with the heating device 6 as the center, and an arc-shaped groove 71 that mates with the annular guide rail 41 is provided at the bottom of each support platform 7. Thus, when the support platform 7 is subjected to the rotational driving force provided by the rotational drive mechanism 9, the support platform 7 and the pull-torsion gripper mechanism 8 located thereon can rotate as a whole around the heating device 6. This allows any support platform 7 to be in different orientations, thereby enabling mechanical performance testing in different directions according to actual testing needs, significantly expanding the function and applicability of the testing machine.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, there are four support platforms 7 and four sets of corresponding pull-torsion gripper mechanisms 8. The rotary drive mechanism 9 used to drive the support platforms 7 and the pull-torsion gripper mechanisms 8 to rotate consists of four sets of gears. Each set of gears can independently control the rotation of the support platform 7 and the pull-torsion gripper mechanism 8 on it, or any number of sets of gears can work together to control the rotation of the support platform 7 and the pull-torsion gripper mechanism 8, thereby achieving more complex and multi-directional mechanical performance testing.

[0051] Specifically, such as Figure 4 , 5As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, each gear set includes an annular internal gear 92 fixedly connected to the transmission component 91. The internal gear 92 houses a rotary servo motor 93 and an external gear 94. During installation, care must be taken to ensure that the gear set is staggered with the connecting column of the fixed platform 4 to prevent interference. The rotary servo motor 93 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the housing frame 3, and its output shaft is arranged along the axial direction of the housing frame 3. The bottom center of the external gear 94 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotary servo motor 93, and the external gear 94 meshes with the internal gear 92.

[0052] The transmission component 91 consists of a vertical part 911 and a horizontal part 912. The outer diameter of the vertical part 911 is smaller than the width of the annular relief groove 5. One end of the vertical part 911 passes through the annular relief groove 5 and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support platform 7. The other end is fixedly connected to one end of the horizontal part 912. The other end of the horizontal part 912 is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the internal gear 92. With this configuration, starting the rotary servo motor 93 drives the external gear 94 to rotate, which in turn drives the internal gear 92 meshing with the external gear 94 to rotate. The internal gear 92 then synchronously drives the transmission component 91, the support platform 7, and the pull-torsion gripper mechanism 8, which are fixedly connected to it, to rotate together. This allows the angle of the pull-torsion gripper mechanism 8 relative to the metal material to perform stretching and / or torsion from different directions.

[0053] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the four internal gears 92 in the four gear sets are stacked, and the four internal gears 92 are coaxially arranged with the housing frame 3 and the platform 4. At the same time, any two adjacent internal gears 92 are slidably separated by an annular partition 95 with embedded balls to prevent them from affecting each other, so as to ensure the independence and stability of each internal gear 92 during rotation.

[0054] The integrated testing machine provided by this invention also includes a control system. This control system is connected to the torsion servo motor 82 and tension servo motor 83 in the tension-torsion gripper mechanism 8, and the rotary servo motor 93 in the rotary drive mechanism 9. By controlling parameters such as the speed and direction of the torsion servo motor 82, tension servo motor 83, and rotary servo motor 93, and in conjunction with the temperature regulation of the heating device 6, the integrated testing machine can perform uniaxial tensile, uniaxial torsion, uniaxial tension-torsion, biaxial tensile, biaxial torsion, biaxial tension-torsion, multiaxial tensile, multiaxial torsion, or multiaxial tension-torsion tests on the metal material to be tested. In biaxial tests, proportional or non-proportional operations can be performed, and all these tests can be carried out under the temperature conditions controlled by the heating device 6, providing a strong guarantee for comprehensively and accurately testing the multiaxial tensile and torsional mechanical properties of metal materials under complex working conditions.

[0055] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

[0056] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the content already described above, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An integrated testing machine suitable for multi-directional tensile and torsional testing under high-temperature conditions, characterized in that, Includes a base (1), and a cylindrical shell frame (3) without a top is arranged directly above the base (1). The shell frame (3) is connected to the base (1) through a leveling structure (2). A circular platform (4) is fixed in the top opening of the shell frame (3). An annular clearance groove (5) is reserved between the platform (4) and the shell frame (3). A heating device (6) is provided at the center of the platform (4). Multiple rotating support platforms (7) are arranged in a ring around the heating device (6) on the platform (4). Each support platform (7) is provided with a pull-torsion gripper mechanism (8). The pull-torsion gripper mechanism (8) is used to drive the clamped metal material to be tested to perform tension and / or torsion tests. A rotary drive mechanism (9) is provided inside the shell frame (3). The rotary drive mechanism (9) is connected to the corresponding support platform (7) through a transmission component (91) provided in the annular relief groove (5). It is used to drive the support platform (7) to rotate around the heating device (6). The pull-torsion gripper mechanism (8) includes a motor support base (81) set on the support platform (7), a torsion servo motor (82) is installed on the motor support base (81), and the output end of the torsion servo motor (82) is detachably connected to a gripper (84) located on one side of the heating device (6) through a transmission rod (83). Two linear guide rails (85) are laid on the support platform (7) at radial intervals along the shell frame (3). The bottom of the motor support base (81) is provided with a sliding groove that is slidably connected to the linear guide rails (85). A lead screw (86) is installed on the support platform (7). The lead screw (86) is arranged parallel between the two linear guide rails (85) and screwed to the lead screw nut (87) fixed at the bottom of the motor support base (81). One end of the lead screw (86) is rotatably connected to the support platform (7) through a bearing, and the other end is connected to the tensioning servo motor (88) fixed on the outside of the support platform (7) through a coupling. A displacement sensor (89) is installed on the support platform (7) at one end of the tensioning servo motor (88). The displacement sensor (89) is used to monitor the displacement relationship between the gripper (84) and the support platform (7). On the platform (4), an annular guide rail (41) is provided with the heating device (6) as the center, and the bottom of each support platform (7) is provided with an arc groove (71) that cooperates with the annular guide rail (41). The number of the support platforms (7) is four, the corresponding pull-torsion gripper mechanism (8) is four sets, and the corresponding rotary drive mechanism (9) is provided with four sets of gear sets; each set of gear sets includes an internal gear (92) fixedly connected to the transmission component (91), and the internal gear (92) is provided with a rotary servo motor (93) and an external gear (94); the four internal gears (92) in the four sets of gear sets are stacked, and any two adjacent internal gears (92) are slidably separated by an annular partition (95) with embedded balls.

2. The integrated testing machine for multi-directional tensile and torsional testing under high-temperature conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary servo motor (93) is fixed to the bottom of the housing frame (3), and the output shaft of the rotary servo motor (93) is arranged along the axial direction of the housing frame (3). The bottom center of the external gear (94) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotary servo motor (93), and the external gear (94) meshes with the internal gear (92).

3. The integrated testing machine for multi-directional tensile and torsional testing under high-temperature conditions as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission component (91) includes a vertical part (911) and a horizontal part (912). The outer diameter of the vertical part (911) is smaller than the width of the annular relief groove (5). One end of the vertical part (911) passes through the annular relief groove (5) and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support platform (7). The other end is fixedly connected to one end of the horizontal part (912). The other end of the horizontal part (912) is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the internal gear (92).

4. An application of an integrated testing machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the integrated testing machine is used to perform uniaxial tensile, uniaxial torsion, uniaxial tension-torsion, biaxial tensile, biaxial torsion, biaxial tension-torsion, multiaxial tensile, multiaxial torsion or multiaxial tension-torsion tests on the metal material to be tested, and all tests can be performed in a high-temperature environment.

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