A three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring method and system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of electrical impedance detection, specifically a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring method and system, which detects and analyzes the physical property data of all target points on an object, divides all target points into a preferred excitation point set and an alternative excitation point set; based on the spatial distribution state of all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the contact state between all target points and electrodes, the preferred excitation point set is adjusted using the alternative excitation point set; based on the excitation current signal applied to all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the generated response voltage signal, the electrical impedance information of all target points is determined, and the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object is generated by integrating it, and the electrical impedance abnormal area of ​​the object is determined. The present invention can perform global electrical impedance detection on objects with irregular three-dimensional shapes and anisotropic tissue structure states, and obtain the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution of the object.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electrical impedance detection, and in particular to a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring method and system. Background Art

[0002] Electrical impedance is an important physical quantity of dielectrics. It not only characterizes the conductivity of dielectrics, but also the internal structural state of dielectrics. Defects in the lattice structure or tissue cell structure of dielectrics will affect the internal electrical impedance distribution. Therefore, by measuring the electrical impedance of dielectrics, it is possible to identify the structural state of non-biological or biological dielectrics, especially structural defects.

[0003] At present, the electrical impedance measurement mainly uses the excitation electrode to apply the excitation current to the dielectric, and uses the response electrode to detect the response voltage generated by the dielectric under the action of the excitation current, and calculates and processes the response voltage and the excitation current to obtain the electrical impedance of the dielectric. The above method can only be used for dielectric objects with regular shapes and uniform organizational structures. If the dielectric object has an irregular three-dimensional shape and anisotropic organizational structure, the electrical impedance obtained by the above method can only reflect the single-dimensional electrical impedance value of the dielectric material within a small range, and cannot perform three-dimensional characterization of the global electrical impedance inside the dielectric object, and cannot achieve the measurement of the global electrical impedance distribution of the dielectric object, which reduces the accuracy and reliability of the subsequent identification of the organizational structure characteristics of the dielectric object. Therefore, how to perform accurate and comprehensive three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution detection on dielectric objects is of great significance for identifying the organizational structure characteristics of dielectric objects. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to perform global electrical impedance detection on a dielectric object with an irregular three-dimensional shape and anisotropic tissue structure state, obtain the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution of the dielectric object, and accurately identify the tissue structure state of the dielectric object, the present invention provides a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring method, which includes the following steps:

[0005] Detecting physical property data of all target points on the object, analyzing the physical property data to obtain state stability properties of all target points; and dividing all target points into a preferred excitation point set and an alternative excitation point set based on the state stability properties;

[0006] Based on the spatial distribution state of all target points under the primary excitation point set, determine whether to use the alternative excitation point set to adjust the primary excitation point set; based on the contact state between all target points under the primary excitation point set and the electrode, determine whether to use the alternative excitation point set to adjust the primary excitation point set again;

[0007] Determine the electrical impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set based on the excitation current signals applied to all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the generated response voltage signals;

[0008] Based on the distribution positions of all target points under the preferred excitation point set on the object, the electrical impedance information of all target points is integrated to generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object; the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image is identified to determine the electrical impedance abnormality area of ​​the object.

[0009] Preferably, the physical property data of all target points on the detection object are analyzed to obtain state stability properties of all target points; based on the state stability properties, all target points are divided into a preferred excitation point set and an alternative excitation point set, specifically:

[0010] Performing temperature dynamic detection and thermal infrared dynamic detection on all target points on the object to obtain temperature change data and thermal infrared absorption change data of all target points; determining liquid content change data of all target points based on the thermal infrared absorption change data;

[0011] Performing time evolution analysis on the temperature change data and the liquid content change data to obtain the temperature drift change rate and the liquid content drift change rate of all target points, and using them as state stability attributes of all target points;

[0012] The temperature drift change rate and the liquid content drift change rate are respectively compared with threshold values ​​to determine whether the target point is in a stable temperature and liquid content state; if so, the target point is divided into a preferred excitation point set; if not, the target point is divided into an alternative excitation point set.

[0013] Preferably, the step of judging whether to adjust the primary excitation point set by using the alternative excitation point set based on the spatial distribution state of all target points under the primary excitation point set; and judging whether to adjust the primary excitation point set again by using the alternative excitation point set based on the contact state between all target points under the primary excitation point set and electrodes, is specifically as follows:

[0014] Obtaining distribution position data of all target points under the first-selected excitation point set on the surface of the object, analyzing the distribution position data, and determining whether all target points under the first-selected excitation point set form a sparsely distributed area on the surface of the object;

[0015] If it exists, then several target points in the candidate excitation point set and adjacent to the sparsely distributed area are divided into the first choice excitation point set; if it does not exist, then the first choice excitation point set is not adjusted;

[0016] Based on the contact pressure between all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the electrode, determine whether the target point is in sufficient contact with the electrode; if not, divide at least one target point adjacent to the target point under the alternative excitation point set into the preferred excitation point set; if so, do not adjust the preferred excitation point set again.

[0017] Preferably, the determining of the electrical impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set based on the excitation current signal applied to all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the generated response voltage signal is specifically:

[0018] Applying an excitation current signal varying in the time domain to all target points under the first-selected excitation point set, and collecting response voltage signals generated by all target points after the excitation current signal is applied;

[0019] After the response voltage signal is preprocessed by noise reduction filtering, the electrical impedance change data of all target points during the entire period of application of the excitation current signal are determined based on the response voltage signal and the excitation current signal; the electrical impedance change data is subjected to time domain change error analysis to obtain the electrical impedance information of all target points.

[0020] Preferably, based on the distribution positions of all target points under the preferred excitation point set on the object, the electrical impedance information of all target points is integrated to generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object; and the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image is identified to determine the electrical impedance abnormality area of ​​the object, specifically:

[0021] Based on the distribution position coordinates of all target points under the first set of excitation points on the surface of the object, the electrical impedance information of all target points is continuously fitted to generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object; wherein the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image represents the three-dimensional spatial distribution information of the electrical impedance value on the surface of the object;

[0022] The three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image is subjected to spatial variation recognition of the magnitude of the electrical impedance value, and an abnormal region of the electrical impedance variation rate of the object is determined as the abnormal electrical impedance region of the object.

[0023] In another aspect, the present invention provides a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring system, the system comprising the following modules:

[0024] A physical property detection and analysis module, used to detect the physical property data of all target points on the object, analyze the physical property data, and obtain the state stability properties of all target points;

[0025] A target point division module, used for dividing all target points into a preferred excitation point set and an alternative excitation point set based on the state stability attribute;

[0026] A point set adjustment module is used to determine whether to use the alternative excitation point set to adjust the primary excitation point set based on the spatial distribution state of all target points under the primary excitation point set; and to determine whether to use the alternative excitation point set to adjust the primary excitation point set again based on the contact state between all target points under the primary excitation point set and the electrode;

[0027] An electrical impedance detection module, used to determine the electrical impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set based on the excitation current signals applied to all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the generated response voltage signals;

[0028] A three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution determination module, configured to integrate the electrical impedance information of all target points under the first selected excitation point set on the object based on their distribution positions, and generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object;

[0029] The electrical impedance anomaly positioning module is used to identify the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image and determine the electrical impedance anomaly area of ​​the object.

[0030] Preferably, the physical property detection and analysis module is used to detect the physical property data of all target points on the object, analyze the physical property data, and obtain the state stability properties of all target points, specifically:

[0031] Performing temperature dynamic detection and thermal infrared dynamic detection on all target points on the object to obtain temperature change data and thermal infrared absorption change data of all target points; determining liquid content change data of all target points based on the thermal infrared absorption change data;

[0032] Performing time evolution analysis on the temperature change data and the liquid content change data to obtain the temperature drift change rate and the liquid content drift change rate of all target points, and using them as state stability attributes of all target points;

[0033] The target point division module is used to divide all target points into a preferred excitation point set and an alternative excitation point set based on the state stability attribute, specifically:

[0034] The temperature drift change rate and the liquid content drift change rate are respectively compared with threshold values ​​to determine whether the target point is in a stable temperature and liquid content state; if so, the target point is divided into a preferred excitation point set; if not, the target point is divided into an alternative excitation point set.

[0035] Preferably, the point set adjustment module is used to determine whether to use the alternative excitation point set to adjust the primary excitation point set based on the spatial distribution state of all target points under the primary excitation point set; and determine whether to use the alternative excitation point set to adjust the primary excitation point set again based on the contact state between all target points under the primary excitation point set and the electrode, specifically:

[0036] Obtaining distribution position data of all target points under the first-selected excitation point set on the surface of the object, analyzing the distribution position data, and determining whether all target points under the first-selected excitation point set form a sparsely distributed area on the surface of the object;

[0037] If it exists, then several target points in the candidate excitation point set and adjacent to the sparsely distributed area are divided into the first choice excitation point set; if it does not exist, then the first choice excitation point set is not adjusted;

[0038] Based on the contact pressure between all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the electrode, determine whether the target point is in sufficient contact with the electrode; if not, divide at least one target point adjacent to the target point under the alternative excitation point set into the preferred excitation point set; if so, do not adjust the preferred excitation point set again.

[0039] Preferably, the electrical impedance detection module is used to determine the electrical impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set based on the excitation current signal applied to all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the generated response voltage signal, specifically:

[0040] Applying an excitation current signal varying in the time domain to all target points under the first-selected excitation point set, and collecting response voltage signals generated by all target points after the excitation current signal is applied;

[0041] After the response voltage signal is preprocessed by noise reduction filtering, the electrical impedance change data of all target points during the entire period of application of the excitation current signal are determined based on the response voltage signal and the excitation current signal; the electrical impedance change data is subjected to time domain change error analysis to obtain the electrical impedance information of all target points.

[0042] Preferably, the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution determination module is used to integrate the electrical impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set on the object based on the distribution positions of all target points on the object, and generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object, specifically:

[0043] Based on the distribution position coordinates of all target points under the first set of excitation points on the surface of the object, the electrical impedance information of all target points is continuously fitted to generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object; wherein the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image represents the three-dimensional spatial distribution information of the electrical impedance value on the surface of the object;

[0044] The electrical impedance anomaly positioning module is used to identify the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image and determine the electrical impedance anomaly area of ​​the object, specifically:

[0045] The three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image is subjected to spatial variation recognition of the magnitude of the electrical impedance value, and an abnormal region of the electrical impedance variation rate of the object is determined as the abnormal electrical impedance region of the object.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] The physical property data of all target points on the object are detected, and the physical property data are analyzed to obtain the state stability properties of all target points; based on the state stability properties, all target points are divided into a preferred set of excitation points and an alternative set of excitation points. The object as a dielectric object that needs to detect the electrical impedance distribution can be a non-biological tissue object or a biological tissue object, and the object can have irregular three-dimensional shapes and anisotropy of the tissue structure state. If only the excitation current and the detection response voltage are applied to a few discrete points on the surface of the object, the electrical impedance values ​​of all discrete points are obtained. Due to the anisotropy of the tissue structure state of the object, the electrical impedance values ​​of these discrete points cannot fully and accurately characterize the global three-dimensional electrical impedance size distribution of the object. For this reason, it is necessary to increase the number of target points where the excitation current is applied and the response voltage is collected. The more and denser the number of target points is, the more accurately the global three-dimensional electrical impedance size distribution of the object can be reflected. Therefore, in actual detection, a large number of excitation electrodes and response electrodes can be evenly and densely set on the surface of the object, so as to apply the excitation current and collect the response voltage to as many target points as possible on the surface of the object.

[0048] The excitation current applied by the excitation electrode to the target point flows through the inside of the object to form a response voltage, and the physical properties such as temperature and water content corresponding to the area where the target point is located in the object will affect the size of the electrical impedance of the area. If the temperature and / or water content of the area drifts, the size of the electrical impedance of the area will also drift, causing the response voltage formed in the area to fluctuate too quickly, making it impossible to accurately collect the response voltage. The accuracy of response voltage collection directly affects the accuracy of impedance calculation. In order to ensure that accurate response voltage is collected from the target point to which the excitation current is applied as much as possible, it is necessary to identify the physical state stability of all target points on the object in advance, and give priority to applying the excitation current to the target point with a higher physical state stability, and use the target point with a lower physical state stability as an alternative. Only when the target point with a higher physical state stability cannot effectively cover the surface of the object, a part of the target points with a lower physical state stability are selected to apply the excitation current, and the response voltage is collected and the electrical impedance is calculated, which is used as supplementary data to characterize the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution of the object. In order to accurately distinguish whether the physical state stability of the target point on the object is sufficient to be used as a priority for applying the excitation current for electrical impedance detection, the physical property data such as temperature and water content of all target points on the object are first detected and analyzed to accurately measure the state stability properties of all target points. Then, based on the state stability properties of all target points, all target points are divided into a preferred excitation point set and an alternative excitation point set, so that reliable target points can be defined for the actual application of the excitation current, effectively ensuring that the target point to which the excitation current is applied can generate a stable response voltage, and ensuring the credibility of the subsequent calculation of the electrical impedance.

[0049] Based on the spatial distribution state of all target points under the preferred excitation point set, it is determined whether to use the alternative excitation point set to adjust the preferred excitation point set; based on the contact state between all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the electrode, it is determined whether to use the alternative excitation point set to adjust the preferred excitation point set again. Through the above analysis, it can be seen that all target points under the preferred excitation point set have a high degree of physical state stability. When these target points are applied with excitation current, the generated response voltage is also correspondingly stable, so that the subsequent electrical impedance calculated according to the excitation current and response voltage is more reliable. However, all target points under the preferred excitation point set are not evenly distributed on the surface of the object, so that the target points belonging to the preferred excitation point set in a part of the surface of the object are evenly and densely distributed, which can cover this part of the area to the maximum extent, while the target points belonging to the preferred excitation point set in another part of the surface of the object are distributed discretely and sparsely, and cannot effectively cover the other part of the area. Therefore, the impedance values ​​corresponding to all target points in the above-mentioned part of the area can fully and accurately reflect the impedance distribution of this part of the area, while the impedance values ​​corresponding to all target points in the above-mentioned other part of the area cannot fully and accurately reflect the impedance distribution of the other part of the area. If the impedance values ​​corresponding to all target points in the above-mentioned other part of the area are directly used to deduce and calculate the global impedance distribution of the other part of the area, there will inevitably be large errors, affecting the credibility of the subsequent three-dimensional impedance distribution identification results. In addition, when a part of the target points in the first set of excitation points are not in close enough contact with the excitation electrodes, the excitation electrodes will not be able to accurately inject current into the target points, resulting in errors in the response voltage and calculated impedance collected subsequently, which also affects the credibility of the subsequent three-dimensional impedance distribution identification results.

[0050] In order to prevent all target points under the preferred excitation point set from providing sufficient impedance data for identification of the global three-dimensional impedance distribution of the object, it is necessary to select a part of the target points from the alternative excitation point set and merge them into the preferred excitation point set, and use the impedance data corresponding to the part of the target points merged into the preferred excitation point set as a supplement to the impedance data corresponding to all target points under the original preferred excitation point set, so that the impedance data corresponding to this part of the target points can make up for the data missing in the areas where all target points under the original preferred excitation point set are sparsely distributed on the surface of the object and are not in sufficient close contact with the excitation electrodes, thereby providing sufficient data support for the subsequent calculation and identification of the global three-dimensional impedance distribution of the object.

[0051] Based on the excitation current signals applied to all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the generated response voltage signals, the electrical impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set is determined. In actual monitoring, each target point on the object is attached with an excitation electrode and a response electrode, wherein the excitation electrode is used to apply an injected excitation current to the target point and its adjacent area, and the response electrode is used to collect the response voltage generated by the excitation current at the target point and its adjacent area. Based on the original preferred excitation point set, a part of the target points of the alternative excitation point set are merged into the original preferred excitation point set twice to obtain a new preferred excitation point set. Then, based on the access port positions of the excitation electrodes corresponding to all target points under the new preferred set of excitation points, the corresponding excitation electrodes are controlled to inject excitation current signals into the target points; at the same time, the response electrodes corresponding to all target points under the new preferred set of excitation points will collect the response voltage signals generated by the target points and their adjacent areas, and the response voltage signals and the excitation current signals will be processed to obtain the respective electrical impedance information of all target points under the new preferred set of excitation points, thereby achieving a comprehensive and accurate characterization of the electrical impedance values ​​of a large number of target points on the surface of the object, and providing a reliable data basis for the subsequent fitting calculation to obtain the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution of the object.

[0052] Based on the distribution position of all target points under the preferred excitation point set on the object, the impedance information of all target points is integrated and processed to generate a three-dimensional impedance distribution image of the object; the three-dimensional impedance distribution image is identified to determine the abnormal impedance area of ​​the object. All target points under the preferred excitation point set are discretely distributed on the surface of the object, and each target point has a unique position coordinate on the surface of the object. The impedance information of each target point directly reflects the impedance size of the corresponding position on the surface of the object. After two adjustments, all target points under the preferred excitation point set are evenly distributed on the surface of the object, and the distance between any two adjacent target points on the surface of the object will not be too large. In this way, the impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set can more comprehensively and accurately reflect the impedance size distribution of the object in different dimensions. Based on the distribution position of all target points under the preferred excitation point set on the object, the impedance information of all target points is continuously fitted and converted into a three-dimensional image to generate a three-dimensional impedance distribution image of the object, so as to realize the three-dimensional representation of the global impedance size distribution of the object. As mentioned above, the three-dimensional impedance distribution of an object is related to the structural conditions within the object. When there are structural defects in the object, the impedance value of a certain area in the object will mutate. Based on the relationship between the structural defects in the object and the change in the impedance value distribution, the three-dimensional impedance distribution image can be identified, and the abnormal impedance area of ​​the object can be accurately located, providing a reliable basis for identifying the tissue structure status of the object. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them:

[0054] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring method provided by the present invention.

[0055] Figure 2 It is a distribution diagram of a preferred excitation point set and an alternative excitation point set in a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring method provided by the present invention.

[0056] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring system provided by the present invention.

[0057] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of an excitation current generating circuit corresponding to the connection of excitation electrodes in a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring system provided by the present invention.

[0058] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a response voltage measurement circuit corresponding to the connection of response electrodes in a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present invention rather than all structures are shown in the accompanying drawings. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the present invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0061] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0062] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0063] S100, detecting the physical property data of all target points on the object, analyzing the physical property data, and obtaining the state stability properties of all target points; based on the state stability properties, dividing all target points into a preferred excitation point set and an alternative excitation point set.

[0064] Furthermore, the physical property data of all target points on the object are detected, and the physical property data are analyzed to obtain the state stability properties of all target points; based on the state stability properties, all target points are divided into a preferred excitation point set and an alternative excitation point set, specifically:

[0065] Perform temperature dynamic detection and thermal infrared dynamic detection on all target points on the object to obtain temperature change data and thermal infrared absorption change data of all target points; determine the liquid content change data of all target points based on the thermal infrared absorption change data;

[0066] Perform time evolution analysis on the temperature change data and liquid content change data to obtain the temperature drift change rate and liquid content drift change rate of all target points, which are used as the state stability attributes of all target points;

[0067] The temperature drift change rate and the liquid content drift change rate are respectively compared with the threshold value to determine whether the target point is in a stable state of temperature and liquid content; if so, the target point is divided into the preferred excitation point set; if not, the target point is divided into the alternative excitation point set.

[0068] The object as a dielectric object whose electrical impedance distribution needs to be detected can be a non-biological tissue object or a biological tissue object, and the object can have characteristics such as irregular three-dimensional shape and anisotropy of tissue structure state; wherein, the object can be but is not limited to parts such as human knee joints or elbow joints. When a lesion occurs in a human joint, the biological tissue structure in the human joint will change, and the electrical impedance inside the human joint will change accordingly. By detecting the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution of the human joint, a reliable basis can be provided for diagnosing joint diseases. If excitation current is applied and response voltage is detected only at a few discrete points on the surface of the object to obtain the impedance values ​​of all discrete points, due to the anisotropy of the object's tissue structure (such as the anisotropy of biological tissue structure), the impedance values ​​of these discrete points cannot fully and accurately characterize the global three-dimensional impedance size distribution of the object. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the number of target points for applying excitation current and collecting response voltage on the object. The more and denser the target points are, the more accurately the global three-dimensional impedance size distribution of the object can be reflected. Therefore, in actual detection, a large number of excitation electrodes and response electrodes can be evenly and densely arranged on the surface of the object, so as to apply excitation current and collect response voltage to as many target points as possible on the surface of the object. Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of target points are pre-set on the global surface of an object with an irregular three-dimensional shape, and all target points can be evenly arranged on the entire surface of the object in an equidistant manner; optionally, an excitation electrode and a response electrode are attached to a neighboring area centered on each target point ( Figure 2 (not shown in the figure), the excitation electrodes and the response electrodes have a small working area, thereby ensuring that the excitation electrodes and the response electrodes are arranged with a corresponding distribution density on the global surface of the object, effectively applying the excitation current to each target point and accurately collecting the response voltage generated by each target point.

[0069] The excitation current applied by the excitation electrode to the target point flows through the inside of the object to form a response voltage, and the physical properties such as temperature and water content corresponding to the area where the target point is located in the object will affect the size of the electrical impedance of the area. If the temperature and / or water content of the area drifts, the size of the electrical impedance of the area will also drift, causing the response voltage formed in the area to fluctuate too quickly, making it impossible to accurately collect the response voltage. If the excitation electrodes corresponding to all target points are directly controlled to apply the excitation current to the object, not only can the validity of the response voltage generated by all target points not be guaranteed, but the subsequent computing and processing workload will also increase, and the accuracy of determining the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution of the object will be affected. For this reason, before controlling the excitation electrode to apply the excitation current, it is necessary to perform temperature dynamic detection and thermal infrared dynamic detection on all target points. For example, the corresponding detection operation can be performed by pre-setting the temperature sensor patch and thermal infrared detection probe in the area where each target point is located to obtain the temperature change data and thermal infrared absorption change data of all target points. Since liquids such as water have a strong absorption rate for thermal infrared light, the greater the liquid content in the area corresponding to the target point, the greater the rate at which the thermal infrared light irradiated by the thermal infrared detection probe to the corresponding area is absorbed. Therefore, by inverting the thermal infrared absorption change data, the liquid content change data in the area corresponding to the target point can be determined.

[0070] The accuracy of response voltage acquisition directly affects the accuracy of impedance calculation. In order to ensure that accurate response voltage is collected from the target point to which the excitation current is applied, it is necessary to identify the physical state stability of all target points on the object in advance, and give priority to applying excitation current to target points with higher physical state stability, while using target points with lower physical state stability as alternatives. Only when the target points with higher physical state stability cannot effectively cover the surface of the object, a part of the target points with lower physical state stability are selected to apply excitation current, collect response voltage and calculate impedance, which is used as supplementary data to characterize the three-dimensional impedance distribution of the object. In order to accurately distinguish whether the physical state stability of the target points on the object is sufficient to be used as the priority application of excitation current for impedance detection, the physical property data such as temperature and liquid content of all target points on the object are first detected and analyzed to accurately measure the state stability properties of all target points. Then, the temperature change data and liquid content change data are analyzed over time to obtain the temperature drift change rate and liquid content drift change rate of all target points, which are used as the state stability properties of all target points to measure the state stability of the target points from the temperature and liquid content levels. Then, a threshold comparison is performed on the temperature drift change rate and the liquid content drift change rate. If the temperature drift change rate is less than the first preset change rate threshold and the liquid content drift change rate is less than the second preset change rate threshold, it is determined that the target point is in a stable state of temperature and liquid content, and the target point is divided into a preferred set of excitation points; otherwise, it is determined that the target point is not in a stable state of temperature and liquid content, and the target point is divided into an alternative set of excitation points, so as to accurately identify and distinguish all target points, so that reliable target points can be defined for the actual application of excitation current, effectively ensuring that the target point to which the excitation current is applied can generate a stable response voltage, thereby ensuring the credibility of the impedance obtained by subsequent calculation.

[0071] S200, based on the spatial distribution status of all target points under the preferred excitation point set, determine whether to use the alternative excitation point set to adjust the preferred excitation point set; based on the contact status between all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the electrode, determine whether to use the alternative excitation point set to adjust the preferred excitation point set again.

[0072] Further, based on the spatial distribution state of all target points under the primary excitation point set, it is determined whether to adjust the primary excitation point set using the alternative excitation point set; based on the contact state between all target points under the primary excitation point set and the electrode, it is determined whether to adjust the primary excitation point set again using the alternative excitation point set, specifically:

[0073] Obtaining the distribution position data of all target points under the preferred excitation point set on the surface of the object, analyzing the distribution position data, and determining whether all target points under the preferred excitation point set form a sparsely distributed area on the surface of the object;

[0074] If it exists, several target points in the candidate excitation point set and adjacent to the sparsely distributed area are divided into the preferred excitation point set; if it does not exist, the preferred excitation point set is not adjusted;

[0075] Based on the contact pressure between all target points in the preferred excitation point set and the electrode, determine whether the target point is in sufficient contact with the electrode; if not, divide at least one target point adjacent to the target point in the alternative excitation point set into the preferred excitation point set; if so, do not adjust the preferred excitation point set again.

[0076] From the previous analysis, it can be seen that all the target points under the preferred excitation point set have a high degree of physical state stability. When these target points are applied with excitation current, the generated response voltage is also stable, so that the subsequent electrical impedance calculated based on the excitation current and response voltage has a higher credibility. However, all the target points under the preferred excitation point set are not evenly distributed on the surface of the object, so that the target points belonging to the preferred excitation point set in a part of the surface of the object are evenly and densely distributed, which can cover this part of the area to the maximum extent, while the target points belonging to the preferred excitation point set in another part of the surface of the object are distributed discretely and sparsely, and cannot effectively cover the other part of the area. Therefore, the electrical impedance values ​​corresponding to all the target points in the above part of the area can fully and accurately reflect the electrical impedance distribution of this part of the area, while the electrical impedance values ​​corresponding to all the target points in the above another part of the area cannot fully and accurately reflect the electrical impedance distribution of the other part of the area. If the electrical impedance values ​​corresponding to all the target points in the above another part of the area are directly used to deduce and calculate the global electrical impedance distribution of the other part of the area, there will inevitably be a large error, which affects the credibility of the subsequent three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution identification results. In addition, when a part of the target points in the preferred set of excitation points are not in sufficiently close contact with the excitation electrodes, the excitation electrodes will not be able to accurately inject current into the target points, resulting in errors in the subsequently collected response voltage and calculated impedance, which also affects the credibility of the subsequent three-dimensional impedance distribution identification results.

[0077] In order to prevent all target points under the preferred excitation point set from providing sufficient impedance data for identification of the global three-dimensional impedance distribution of the object, it is necessary to select a part of the target points from the alternative excitation point set and merge them into the preferred excitation point set, and use the impedance data corresponding to the part of the target points merged into the preferred excitation point set as a supplement to the impedance data corresponding to all target points under the original preferred excitation point set, so that the impedance data corresponding to this part of the target points can make up for the data missing in the areas where all target points under the original preferred excitation point set are sparsely distributed on the surface of the object and are not in sufficient close contact with the excitation electrodes, thereby providing sufficient data support for the subsequent calculation and identification of the global three-dimensional impedance distribution of the object. Specifically, the distribution position data of all target points under the preferred excitation point set on the surface of the object are obtained, and the distribution position data are analyzed to obtain the distribution density of all target points under the selected excitation point set on the surface of the object (i.e., the number of target points per unit area). If the target point distribution density of a certain area on the surface of the object is less than the preset density threshold, it is determined that the corresponding area belongs to the sparse distribution area formed by the target points; otherwise, it is determined that the corresponding area does not belong to the sparse distribution area formed by the target points; at this time, several target points under the alternative excitation point set that are adjacent to the sparse distribution area are divided into the preferred excitation point set, such as the preset number of target points under the alternative excitation point set that are located in the sparse distribution area and / or the target points under the alternative excitation point set that are within a preset distance from the boundary of the sparse distribution area are divided into the preferred excitation point set. The contact pressure between the excitation electrode and the target point can also be detected by using a patch pressure sensor arranged on the excitation electrode. If the contact pressure is less than the preset pressure threshold, it is determined that the target point is not in full contact with the excitation electrode; otherwise, it is determined that the target point is in full contact with the excitation electrode. When the target point is not in sufficient contact with the excitation electrode, at least one target point adjacent to the target point in the candidate excitation point set is divided into the preferred excitation point set.

[0078] S300, determining electrical impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set based on the excitation current signals applied to all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the generated response voltage signals.

[0079] Further, based on the excitation current signals applied to all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the generated response voltage signals, the electrical impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set is determined, specifically:

[0080] Applying excitation current signals varying in the time domain to all target points under the preferred excitation point set, and collecting response voltage signals generated by all target points after the excitation current signals are applied;

[0081] After the response voltage signal is preprocessed by noise reduction filtering, the electrical impedance change data of all target points during the entire period of application of the excitation current signal are determined based on the response voltage signal and the excitation current signal; the time domain change error analysis of the electrical impedance change data is performed to obtain the electrical impedance information of all target points.

[0082] In actual monitoring, each target point on the object is attached with an excitation electrode and a response electrode, wherein the excitation electrode is used to apply an injection excitation current to the target point and its adjacent area, and the response electrode is used to collect the response voltage generated by the target point and its adjacent area due to the excitation current. On the basis of the original preferred excitation point set, a part of the target points in the alternative excitation point set are merged into the original preferred excitation point set twice to obtain a new preferred excitation point set. Based on the access port position of the excitation electrodes corresponding to all target points under the new preferred excitation point set, the corresponding excitation electrodes are controlled to inject the excitation current signal to the target point; at the same time, the response electrodes corresponding to all target points under the new preferred excitation point set will collect the response voltage signal generated by the target point and its adjacent area, and calculate and process the response voltage signal and the excitation current signal to obtain the electrical impedance information of all target points under the new preferred excitation point set, so as to achieve a comprehensive and accurate characterization of the electrical impedance values ​​of a large number of target points on the surface of the object, and provide a reliable data basis for the subsequent fitting calculation to obtain the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution of the object. Among them, the excitation current generation circuit and the response voltage measurement circuit corresponding to the excitation electrode and the response electrode are respectively as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the structures of the above two circuits are not described in detail here. Specifically, the excitation electrodes are used to apply the excitation current signals that change in the time domain to all target points under the preferred excitation point set, and the response electrodes are used to collect the response voltage signals generated after the excitation current signals are applied to all target points; and after the response voltage signals are pre-processed by noise reduction filtering, the impedance change data of all target points during the entire period of application of the excitation current signal are determined based on the response voltage signals and the excitation current signals, wherein the calculation of the impedance change data (i.e., the impedance value change data) based on the response voltage signals and the excitation current signals belongs to the conventional technical means in this field, and will not be described in detail here. And the impedance change data is subjected to time domain change error analysis (such as nonlinear error elimination and correction processing in the time domain, which belongs to the conventional technical means in this field) to obtain the impedance information of all target points.

[0083] S400, based on the distribution positions of all target points under the preferred excitation point set on the object, the electrical impedance information of all target points is integrated and processed to generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object; the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image is identified to determine the electrical impedance abnormality area of ​​the object.

[0084] Furthermore, based on the distribution positions of all target points under the preferred excitation point set on the object, the electrical impedance information of all target points is integrated and processed to generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object; the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image is identified to determine the electrical impedance abnormal area of ​​the object, specifically:

[0085] Based on the distribution position coordinates of all target points under the preferred excitation point set on the surface of the object, the electrical impedance information of all target points is continuously fitted to generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object; wherein the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image represents the three-dimensional spatial distribution information of the electrical impedance value on the surface of the object;

[0086] The three-dimensional impedance distribution image is used to identify the spatial changes in the impedance value, and the abnormal area of ​​the impedance change rate of the object is determined as the abnormal impedance area of ​​the object.

[0087] All target points under the first excitation point set are discretely distributed on the surface of the object, each target point has a unique position coordinate on the surface of the object, and the electrical impedance information of each target point determined above directly reflects the electrical impedance size of the corresponding position on the surface of the object. After two adjustments, all target points under the preferred excitation point set are evenly distributed on the surface of the object, and the distance between any two adjacent target points on the surface of the object will not be too large, so that the electrical impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set can more comprehensively and accurately reflect the distribution of the electrical impedance size of the object in different dimensions, and then based on the distribution position of all target points under the preferred excitation point set on the object, the electrical impedance information of all target points is continuously fitted and three-dimensionally converted to generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object, thereby realizing a three-dimensional representation of the global electrical impedance size distribution of the object; wherein, the continuous fitting processing of the electrical impedance information of all target points can be a multi-point interpolation processing of the electrical impedance information of any two adjacent target points according to the position coordinates and electrical impedance information of all target points on the surface of the object; and the above-mentioned three-dimensional conversion processing is to perform a three-dimensional spatial imaging transformation on the electrical impedance distribution information that has completed the multi-point interpolation processing to obtain a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object, thereby characterizing the three-dimensional spatial distribution information of the electrical impedance value on the surface of the object.

[0088] As mentioned above, the three-dimensional impedance distribution of an object is related to the structural conditions within the object. When there are structural defects in the object, such structural defects will cause a sudden change in the impedance value of a certain area within the object. According to the relationship between the structural defects in the object and the change in the impedance value distribution, the three-dimensional impedance distribution image is identified, and the abnormal impedance area of ​​the object can be accurately located, providing a reliable basis for identifying the tissue structure state of the object. Specifically, the three-dimensional impedance distribution image is identified for the spatial change of the impedance value, and the difference in impedance values ​​corresponding to any adjacent different target points in the three-dimensional impedance distribution image is obtained, so as to obtain the impedance change rate corresponding to the change in spatial position on the object. If the impedance change rate exceeds the preset change rate threshold, the corresponding area on the object is determined as an abnormal impedance change rate area, and this is used as the impedance abnormal area of ​​the object, providing a reliable basis for the subsequent identification of the tissue structure state of the object.

[0089] See also Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring system, which includes the following modules:

[0090] The physical property detection and analysis module is used to detect the physical property data of all target points on the object, analyze the physical property data, and obtain the state stability properties of all target points;

[0091] A target point division module is used to divide all target points into a preferred excitation point set and an alternative excitation point set based on a state stability attribute;

[0092] A point set adjustment module is used to determine whether to adjust the primary excitation point set using the alternative excitation point set based on the spatial distribution state of all target points under the primary excitation point set; and to determine whether to adjust the primary excitation point set again using the alternative excitation point set based on the contact state between all target points under the primary excitation point set and the electrode;

[0093] An electrical impedance detection module, used to determine electrical impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set based on the excitation current signals applied to all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the generated response voltage signals;

[0094] A three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution determination module is used to integrate the electrical impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set on the object based on their distribution positions, and generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object;

[0095] The impedance anomaly positioning module is used to identify the three-dimensional impedance distribution image and determine the impedance anomaly area of ​​the object.

[0096] Furthermore, the physical property detection and analysis module is used to detect the physical property data of all target points on the object, analyze the physical property data, and obtain the state stability properties of all target points, specifically:

[0097] Perform temperature dynamic detection and thermal infrared dynamic detection on all target points on the object to obtain temperature change data and thermal infrared absorption change data of all target points; determine the liquid content change data of all target points based on the thermal infrared absorption change data;

[0098] Perform time evolution analysis on the temperature change data and liquid content change data to obtain the temperature drift change rate and liquid content drift change rate of all target points, which are used as the state stability attributes of all target points;

[0099] The target point division module is used to divide all target points into a preferred excitation point set and an alternative excitation point set based on the state stability attribute, specifically:

[0100] The temperature drift change rate and the liquid content drift change rate are respectively compared with the threshold value to determine whether the target point is in a stable state of temperature and liquid content; if so, the target point is divided into the preferred excitation point set; if not, the target point is divided into the alternative excitation point set.

[0101] Further, the point set adjustment module is used to determine whether to adjust the primary excitation point set using the alternative excitation point set based on the spatial distribution state of all target points under the primary excitation point set; and determine whether to adjust the primary excitation point set again using the alternative excitation point set based on the contact state between all target points under the primary excitation point set and the electrode, specifically:

[0102] Obtaining the distribution position data of all target points under the preferred excitation point set on the surface of the object, analyzing the distribution position data, and determining whether all target points under the preferred excitation point set form a sparsely distributed area on the surface of the object;

[0103] If it exists, several target points in the candidate excitation point set and adjacent to the sparsely distributed area are divided into the preferred excitation point set; if it does not exist, the preferred excitation point set is not adjusted;

[0104] Based on the contact pressure between all target points in the preferred excitation point set and the electrode, determine whether the target point is in sufficient contact with the electrode; if not, divide at least one target point adjacent to the target point in the alternative excitation point set into the preferred excitation point set; if so, do not adjust the preferred excitation point set again.

[0105] Further, the electrical impedance detection module is used to determine the electrical impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set based on the excitation current signal applied to all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the generated response voltage signal, specifically:

[0106] Applying excitation current signals varying in the time domain to all target points under the preferred excitation point set, and collecting response voltage signals generated by all target points after the excitation current signals are applied;

[0107] After the response voltage signal is preprocessed by noise reduction filtering, the electrical impedance change data of all target points during the entire period of application of the excitation current signal are determined based on the response voltage signal and the excitation current signal; the time domain change error analysis of the electrical impedance change data is performed to obtain the electrical impedance information of all target points.

[0108] Furthermore, the three-dimensional impedance distribution determination module is used to integrate the impedance information of all target points on the object based on the distribution positions of all target points under the preferred excitation point set, and generate a three-dimensional impedance distribution image of the object, specifically:

[0109] Based on the distribution position coordinates of all target points under the preferred excitation point set on the surface of the object, the electrical impedance information of all target points is continuously fitted to generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object; wherein the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image represents the three-dimensional spatial distribution information of the electrical impedance value on the surface of the object;

[0110] The impedance anomaly positioning module is used to identify the three-dimensional impedance distribution image and determine the impedance anomaly area of ​​the object, specifically:

[0111] The three-dimensional impedance distribution image is used to identify the spatial changes in the impedance value, and the abnormal area of ​​the impedance change rate of the object is determined as the abnormal impedance area of ​​the object.

[0112] The operation and effects of the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring system of the present invention correspond to and are consistent with those of the above-mentioned three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring method, and the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring system will not be described repeatedly here.

[0113] Through the description of the above implementation methods, technicians in this field can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by adding a necessary general hardware platform, and of course can also be implemented by combining hardware and software. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a computer product, and the present invention can be in the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.

[0114] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it, and other embodiments may also be used. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Detecting physical property data of all target points on the object, analyzing the physical property data to obtain state stability properties of all target points; based on the state stability properties, dividing all target points into a preferred excitation point set and an alternative excitation point set, which are specifically: Performing temperature dynamic detection and thermal infrared dynamic detection on all target points on the object to obtain temperature change data and thermal infrared absorption change data of all target points; determining liquid content change data of all target points based on the thermal infrared absorption change data; Performing time evolution analysis on the temperature change data and the liquid content change data to obtain the temperature drift change rate and the liquid content drift change rate of all target points, and using them as state stability attributes of all target points; Performing threshold comparison on the temperature drift change rate and the liquid content drift change rate respectively to determine whether the target point is in a stable state of temperature and liquid content; if so, classifying the target point into a preferred set of excitation points; if not, classifying the target point into an alternative set of excitation points; Based on the spatial distribution state of all target points under the primary excitation point set, determine whether to use the alternative excitation point set to adjust the primary excitation point set; based on the contact state between all target points under the primary excitation point set and the electrode, determine whether to use the alternative excitation point set to adjust the primary excitation point set again; Determine the electrical impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set based on the excitation current signals applied to all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the generated response voltage signals; Based on the distribution positions of all target points under the preferred excitation point set on the object, the electrical impedance information of all target points is integrated to generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object; the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image is identified to determine the electrical impedance abnormality area of ​​the object.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining whether to adjust the primary excitation point set by using the alternative excitation point set is based on the spatial distribution state of all target points under the primary excitation point set; Based on the contact states between all target points under the primary excitation point set and the electrodes, it is determined whether to adjust the primary excitation point set again using the alternative excitation point set, specifically: Obtaining distribution position data of all target points under the first-selected excitation point set on the surface of the object, analyzing the distribution position data, and determining whether all target points under the first-selected excitation point set form a sparsely distributed area on the surface of the object; If so, dividing a number of target points in the candidate excitation point set and adjacent to the sparsely distributed area into the preferred excitation point set; If it does not exist, the preferred excitation point set is not adjusted; Based on the contact pressure between all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the electrode, determine whether the target point is in sufficient contact with the electrode; if not, divide at least one target point adjacent to the target point under the alternative excitation point set into the preferred excitation point set; if so, do not adjust the preferred excitation point set again.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining the electrical impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set based on the excitation current signal applied to all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the generated response voltage signal is specifically as follows: Applying an excitation current signal varying in the time domain to all target points under the first-selected excitation point set, and collecting response voltage signals generated by all target points after the excitation current signal is applied; After performing noise reduction filtering preprocessing on the response voltage signal, based on the response voltage signal and the excitation current signal, determining the electrical impedance change data of all target points during the entire period of application of the excitation current signal; The electrical impedance change data is subjected to time domain change error analysis to obtain electrical impedance information of all target points.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of integrating the electrical impedance information of all target points on the object based on the distribution positions of all target points under the preferred excitation point set to generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object; and identifying the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image to determine the electrical impedance abnormality area of ​​the object is specifically as follows: Based on the distribution position coordinates of all target points under the first set of excitation points on the surface of the object, the electrical impedance information of all target points is continuously fitted to generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object; wherein the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image represents the three-dimensional spatial distribution information of the electrical impedance value on the surface of the object; The three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image is subjected to spatial variation recognition of the magnitude of the electrical impedance value, and an abnormal region of the electrical impedance variation rate of the object is determined as the abnormal electrical impedance region of the object.

5. A three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution monitoring system, characterized in that: The system includes the following modules: The physical property detection and analysis module is used to detect the physical property data of all target points on the object, analyze the physical property data, and obtain the state stability properties of all target points, which are specifically: Performing temperature dynamic detection and thermal infrared dynamic detection on all target points on the object to obtain temperature change data and thermal infrared absorption change data of all target points; determining liquid content change data of all target points based on the thermal infrared absorption change data; Performing time evolution analysis on the temperature change data and the liquid content change data to obtain the temperature drift change rate and the liquid content drift change rate of all target points, and using them as state stability attributes of all target points; The target point division module is used to divide all target points into a preferred excitation point set and an alternative excitation point set based on the state stability attribute, which is specifically: Performing threshold comparison on the temperature drift change rate and the liquid content drift change rate respectively to determine whether the target point is in a stable state of temperature and liquid content; If yes, the target point is divided into a preferred set of excitation points; if no, the target point is divided into a candidate set of excitation points; A point set adjustment module, used for judging whether to adjust the primary excitation point set by using the alternative excitation point set based on the spatial distribution state of all target points under the primary excitation point set; Based on the contact states between all target points and electrodes under the primary excitation point set, determining whether to adjust the primary excitation point set again using the alternative excitation point set; An electrical impedance detection module, used to determine the electrical impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set based on the excitation current signals applied to all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the generated response voltage signals; A three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution determination module is used to integrate the electrical impedance information of all target points under the first-selected excitation point set on the object based on their distribution positions, and generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object; The electrical impedance anomaly positioning module is used to identify the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image and determine the electrical impedance anomaly area of ​​the object.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The point set adjustment module is used to determine whether to use the alternative excitation point set to adjust the primary excitation point set based on the spatial distribution state of all target points under the primary excitation point set; Based on the contact states between all target points under the primary excitation point set and the electrodes, it is determined whether to adjust the primary excitation point set again using the alternative excitation point set, specifically: Obtaining distribution position data of all target points under the first-selected excitation point set on the surface of the object, analyzing the distribution position data, and determining whether all target points under the first-selected excitation point set form a sparsely distributed area on the surface of the object; If so, dividing a number of target points in the candidate excitation point set and adjacent to the sparsely distributed area into the preferred excitation point set; If it does not exist, the preferred excitation point set is not adjusted; Based on the contact pressure between all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the electrode, determine whether the target point is in sufficient contact with the electrode; if not, divide at least one target point adjacent to the target point under the alternative excitation point set into the preferred excitation point set; if so, do not adjust the preferred excitation point set again.

7. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The electrical impedance detection module is used to determine the electrical impedance information of all target points under the preferred excitation point set based on the excitation current signal applied to all target points under the preferred excitation point set and the generated response voltage signal, specifically: Applying an excitation current signal varying in the time domain to all target points under the first-selected excitation point set, and collecting response voltage signals generated by all target points after the excitation current signal is applied; After performing noise reduction filtering preprocessing on the response voltage signal, based on the response voltage signal and the excitation current signal, determining the electrical impedance change data of all target points during the entire period of application of the excitation current signal; The electrical impedance change data is subjected to time domain change error analysis to obtain electrical impedance information of all target points.

8. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution determination module is used to integrate the electrical impedance information of all target points under the first-selected excitation point set on the object based on their distribution positions, and generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object, specifically: Based on the distribution position coordinates of all target points under the first set of excitation points on the surface of the object, the electrical impedance information of all target points is continuously fitted to generate a three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image of the object; wherein the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image represents the three-dimensional spatial distribution information of the electrical impedance value on the surface of the object; The electrical impedance anomaly positioning module is used to identify the three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image and determine the electrical impedance anomaly area of ​​the object, specifically: The three-dimensional electrical impedance distribution image is subjected to spatial variation recognition of the magnitude of the electrical impedance value, and an abnormal region of the electrical impedance variation rate of the object is determined as the abnormal electrical impedance region of the object.

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