Lightning detection method and system based on dual-channel magnetic ring sensing antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a lightning detection method and system based on a dual-channel magnetic ring sensing antenna, and relates to the technical field of lightning detection, and the method comprises the following steps: setting a plurality of test frequency points as the working frequency of an antenna, simulating the working states of the antenna in different interference intensity scenes, and obtaining an antenna working simulation model; setting interference intensity of a plurality of scenes, and obtaining corresponding antenna performance data and interference intensity influence data in the antenna work simulation model; constructing a multi-scene frequency evaluation model based on the antenna performance data and the interference intensity influence data; and a multi-scene frequency evaluation curve is constructed based on the output of the multi-scene frequency evaluation model, and corresponding optimal demand results are obtained according to different lightning detection demands, so that the problem that adaptive adjustment cannot be performed on different scenes and interference conditions when the dual-channel magnetic ring sensing antenna performs lightning detection is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lightning detection, and more specifically, to a lightning detection method and system based on a dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna. Background Art

[0002] As a strong natural phenomenon, lightning has a profound impact on the natural environment and human activities. The occurrence of lightning is accompanied by high-intensity current, violent energy release and strong electromagnetic radiation, which not only directly threatens human life and property safety, but also poses a major safety hazard to aerospace, power communications, petrochemicals and other fields.

[0003] However, in traditional methods, dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antennas usually work at fixed frequencies, lack the ability to adapt to different scenarios and interference conditions, and face the problem of optimal frequency selection under different interference intensities, resulting in practical problems such as improper frequency selection, excessive interference impact, and poor system adaptability in lightning detection. In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a solution. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a lightning detection method and system based on a dual-channel magnetic loop sensor antenna. The lightning detection method and system based on the dual-channel magnetic loop sensor antenna can solve the problem that the dual-channel magnetic loop sensor antenna cannot adaptively adjust to different scenarios and interference conditions when performing lightning detection.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The lightning detection method based on a dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna includes the following steps: setting a number of test frequency points as the working frequency of the antenna, simulating the working state of the antenna in different interference intensity scenarios, and obtaining an antenna working simulation model; setting the interference intensity of a number of scenarios, and obtaining corresponding antenna performance data and interference intensity impact data in the antenna working simulation model; constructing a multi-scenario frequency evaluation model based on the antenna performance data and the interference intensity impact data; constructing a multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve based on the output of the multi-scenario frequency evaluation model, and obtaining corresponding optimal demand results according to different lightning detection requirements.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the antenna performance data includes an antenna gain influence coefficient and an antenna directivity coefficient, specifically: the antenna gain influence coefficient is specifically obtained as follows: a dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna is arranged in a simulated lightning environment, and an antenna induced voltage output by the antenna is obtained; based on the relationship between the antenna induced voltage output by the antenna and the antenna impedance, the antenna induced current output by the antenna is calculated; the east-west electromagnetic field signal and the north-south electromagnetic field signal of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna are obtained, and the east-west electromagnetic field signal and the north-south electromagnetic field signal include induced voltage and phase; the signal amplitude ratio and phase difference of the east-west electromagnetic field signal and the north-south electromagnetic field signal are calculated; the signal amplitude ratio and phase difference are input into the incident angle calculation formula of the lightning signal to obtain the incident angle of the lightning signal; the antenna induced voltage output by the antenna, the antenna induced current output by the antenna, and the incident angle of the lightning signal are input into the antenna gain influence coefficient calculation formula to obtain the antenna gain influence coefficient.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the antenna directivity coefficient is specifically obtained as follows: based on the east-west electromagnetic field signal and the north-south electromagnetic field signal of the dual-channel magnetic loop sensing antenna, the total electric field strength of the dual-channel magnetic loop sensing antenna is calculated using the electric field strength formula; the total electric field strength of the dual-channel magnetic loop sensing antenna is input into the receiving power density calculation formula to obtain the receiving power density in a specific direction of the dual-channel magnetic loop sensing antenna; the receiving power density in a specific direction of the channel magnetic loop sensing antenna is input into the spherical coordinate integration formula to integrate the receiving power density in the direction of the entire spherical area to obtain the total power received by the antenna; the total electric field strength of the dual-channel magnetic loop sensing antenna, the receiving power density in a specific direction and the total power received by the antenna are input into the antenna directivity coefficient calculation formula to obtain the antenna directivity coefficient.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the interference intensity impact data includes an interference intensity impact coefficient, which is specifically obtained as follows: a spectrum analyzer is used to scan a specific frequency band of the electromagnetic interference source to obtain the electromagnetic interference power density at each frequency point, and the interference signal power at the specific frequency band is calculated using an integration method; the spectrum analyzer is connected to the output end of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna to obtain the received lightning signal and calculate the lightning signal power; based on the physical characteristics of the environment, such as buildings, trees, terrain, etc., environmental modeling is performed, and in different scenarios, a number of measurement points are set at different distances between the electromagnetic interference source and the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna; the interference signal strength of the several measurement points is calculated respectively, and the ratio of the interference signal strength of the several measurement points to the interference signal strength at the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna is calculated to obtain a number of interference attenuation values; the several interference attenuation values ​​are averaged to obtain the interference intensity attenuation factor; the interference signal power, lightning signal power and interference attenuation factor at the specific frequency band are input into the interference intensity influence coefficient calculation formula to obtain the interference intensity influence coefficient.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, a multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve is constructed based on the output of the multi-scenario frequency evaluation model, specifically: based on the multi-scenario frequency evaluation model, the multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficients of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna at different operating frequencies under different interference intensity scenarios are obtained; a spatial rectangular coordinate system is constructed with the interference intensity corresponding to different scenarios as the x-axis, the operating frequency as the y-axis and the multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficient as the z-axis; based on the multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficients of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna at different operating frequencies under the different interference intensity scenarios, a multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve is drawn.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the corresponding optimal demand results are obtained according to different lightning detection needs, specifically: all operating frequencies under a specific interference intensity scenario in the multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve are obtained, and the operating frequency corresponding to the maximum multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficient is used as the optimal operating frequency under a specific interference intensity scenario; the multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficients of all different interference intensity scenarios corresponding to a certain operating frequency in the multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve are obtained, and the interference intensity scenario corresponding to the maximum multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficient is used as the optimal interference intensity scenario.

[0011] Technical effects and advantages of the lightning detection method and system based on the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna of the present invention: 1. The present invention effectively improves the adaptability of the antenna in a complex environment by setting multiple test frequency points and simulating the working state of the antenna in different interference intensity scenarios. The method constructs an antenna working simulation model, which can accurately analyze the antenna performance data and interference intensity impact data, thereby accurately evaluating the working performance of the antenna in different scenarios. By integrating these data, the method introduces a multi-scenario frequency evaluation model, which provides a scientific quantitative analysis tool for lightning detection in complex environments; in addition, the method generates a multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve, which clearly shows the comprehensive performance of different frequency points in multiple scenarios, and provides a reliable basis for frequency selection. More importantly, the method supports obtaining the best configuration results according to specific detection needs, such as the best operating frequency in a specific interference scenario or a frequency switching scheme suitable for a variety of scenarios, which greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of lightning detection. In general, the method has the advantages of strong scene adaptability, high evaluation accuracy and strong decision-making guidance, and provides solid support for the application of lightning detection technology in complex environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of a lightning detection method based on a dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna.

[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the lightning detection structure of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] Embodiment 1, Figure 1 The present invention provides a lightning detection method and system based on a dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna, comprising the following steps: S1, setting several test frequency points as the working frequency of the antenna, simulating the working state of the antenna under different interference intensity scenarios, and obtaining the antenna working simulation model; In this example, several test frequency points are set as the working frequency of the antenna, and the working state of the antenna under different interference intensity scenarios is simulated to obtain the antenna working simulation model, which is specifically: According to the design parameters of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna, determine the frequency range in which the antenna can operate; Dividing the frequency range in which the antenna can operate into a number of equally spaced test frequency points as the operating frequencies of the antenna; Determine different scenarios and simulate the electromagnetic interference intensity in forest, rural, urban and other environments; The working frequency of each antenna and the electromagnetic interference intensity of forest, rural, urban and other environments are used to build an antenna working simulation model based on the simulation software.

[0016] It should be noted that according to the design parameters of the antenna, its operating frequency range is clarified, and the range is divided into multiple equally spaced test frequency points to ensure comprehensive frequency coverage and facilitate subsequent simulation analysis. Secondly, different interference scenarios are defined, such as forests, rural areas, and cities. These scenarios reflect the electromagnetic interference environment that the antenna may actually face. Based on the simulation software, each test frequency is combined with the interference scenario for simulation to construct a working simulation model of the antenna, which can fully reflect the performance of the antenna under different frequencies and interference conditions. Through this method, the constructed simulation model lays a solid foundation for the subsequent optimization of the antenna operating frequency and the improvement of anti-interference capabilities; This method has significant practicality and adaptability. First, the step of dividing the frequency points ensures coverage of the entire frequency range, making the evaluation more accurate. Second, the scenario-based interference simulation can truly reflect the performance of the antenna in a complex environment, improving the practicality of the model. Finally, the use of simulation software to build the model greatly reduces the cost and time of actual testing, while providing high-precision data analysis results, providing reliable support for the optimization and application of lightning detection systems.

[0017] S2, setting interference strengths of several scenarios, and obtaining corresponding antenna performance data and interference strength impact data in the antenna working simulation model; In this example, the antenna performance data includes the antenna gain influence coefficient and the antenna directivity coefficient, which are: The specific method for obtaining the antenna gain influence coefficient is as follows: The dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna is arranged in a simulated lightning environment to obtain the antenna induced voltage output by the antenna; Based on the relationship between the antenna induced voltage output by the antenna and the antenna impedance, the antenna induced current output by the antenna is calculated; Acquire an east-west electromagnetic field signal and a north-south electromagnetic field signal of a dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna, wherein the east-west electromagnetic field signal and the north-south electromagnetic field signal include an induced voltage and a phase; Calculate the signal amplitude ratio and phase difference between the east-west electromagnetic field signal and the north-south electromagnetic field signal; Inputting the signal amplitude ratio and the phase difference into a lightning signal incident angle calculation formula to obtain the lightning signal incident angle; The antenna induced voltage output by the antenna, the antenna induced current output by the antenna, and the incident angle of the lightning signal are input into a calculation formula for the antenna gain influence coefficient to obtain the antenna gain influence coefficient.

[0018] It should be noted that the antenna gain influence coefficient has the following advantages in multi-scenario frequency evaluation: Improve the directional response capability of the antenna: The antenna gain influence coefficient is calculated by combining the incident angle of the lightning signal to clarify the antenna's ability to amplify signals in a specific direction. Directional response capability is particularly important in multipath propagation environments with complex scenarios (such as signals blocked by vegetation in the forest or significant signal reflection from buildings in the city). The gain influence coefficient quantifies the effective receiving strength of the antenna in each direction, allowing the frequency evaluation model to accurately identify and select the operating frequency in the optimal direction, thereby enhancing the signal capture capability of lightning detection. Provide accurate assessment of frequency and scenario adaptability: Different scenarios (such as low-interference scenarios in rural areas and high-interference scenarios in cities) have different frequency requirements for antennas. The gain influence coefficient, as a performance evaluation indicator, can effectively quantify the performance of the antenna at each frequency. By analyzing the gain influence coefficient in multiple scenarios, the evaluation model can accurately identify which operating frequency is most suitable for the current scenario and avoid using frequency points with poor performance. This adaptability assessment helps lightning detection equipment operate efficiently in a dynamic environment.

[0019] Enhance the versatility of multi-scenario frequency assessment models: The gain influence coefficient provides a unified standard for frequency assessment, so that the assessment model remains consistent in different scenarios; whether it is a forest scene covered with vegetation or a city scene with tall buildings, the gain influence coefficient can stably reflect the changing trend of antenna performance and avoid model errors caused by scene switching; this versatility ensures that lightning detection equipment can quickly adapt to a variety of complex environments, reducing dependence on manual adjustments and improving system operation efficiency.

[0020] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the antenna gain influence coefficient is as follows: The incident angle calculation formula of the lightning signal is specifically:

[0021] The antenna gain influence coefficient calculation formula is specifically:

[0022] in, is the antenna gain influence coefficient, is the antenna equivalent impedance, is the antenna inductance, is the antenna operating frequency, is the incident angle of the lightning signal, is the antenna induced voltage, is the antenna induced current, is the signal amplitude ratio of the east-west electromagnetic field signal and the north-south electromagnetic field signal, It is the phase difference between the east-west electromagnetic field signal and the north-south electromagnetic field signal.

[0023] In this example, the antenna directivity coefficient is obtained as follows: Based on the east-west electromagnetic field signals and north-south electromagnetic field signals of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna, the total electric field strength of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna is calculated using the electric field strength formula; Inputting the total electric field strength of the dual-channel magnetic loop sensor antenna into a received power density calculation formula to obtain the received power density of the dual-channel magnetic loop sensor antenna in a specific direction; Inputting the received power density in a specific direction of the channel magnetic ring sensor antenna into the spherical coordinate integration formula to integrate the received power density in the direction of the entire spherical area to obtain the total power received by the antenna; The total electric field strength of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna, the received power density in a specific direction, and the total power received by the antenna are input into a calculation formula for the antenna directivity coefficient to obtain the antenna directivity coefficient.

[0024] It should be noted that the antenna directivity coefficient has the following advantages in multi-scenario frequency evaluation: Improve directional positioning accuracy: The antenna directivity coefficient quantifies the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna's ability to receive lightning signals in a specific direction. By calculating the relationship between the received power density and the total power in a specific direction, the directivity coefficient can clarify the antenna's optimal directional performance at different frequencies and scenarios. In lightning detection, the directionality of the signal is crucial for determining the direction of lightning incidence. The directivity coefficient provides a reference for the antenna's all-round performance by integrating the power density over the spherical area, enabling the evaluation model to select the optimal operating frequency to improve directional positioning accuracy; Improve the scene adaptability of the detection system: The directivity coefficient can dynamically reflect the difference in directional performance of the antenna in different scenes (such as cities, forests, and rural areas). In scenes with significant differences in interference signal strength, the directivity coefficient can reveal the antenna's ability to concentrate on receiving effective signals, thereby evaluating the adaptability of the antenna. The multi-scenario frequency evaluation model can use the directivity coefficient to screen out operating frequencies that still maintain high directivity in complex scenes, thereby improving the stability of the lightning detection system in diverse environments; Optimize the global performance of frequency selection: The directivity coefficient comprehensively measures the global directivity performance of the antenna by integrating the power in the spherical area, providing a global indicator for frequency selection. In lightning detection, different frequencies have different directivities for receiving signals. The directivity coefficient can reveal the global performance differences of the antenna at each frequency, help the evaluation model select the frequency point with the best global directivity, and ensure that the system has high sensitivity in multi-directional detection.

[0025] Furthermore, the antenna directivity coefficient calculation formula is as follows: The electric field strength formula is specifically:

[0026] The calculation formula for the received power density is specifically:

[0027] The spherical coordinate integration formula is specifically:

[0028] The antenna directivity coefficient calculation formula is specifically:

[0029] in, It is the east-west electromagnetic field signal of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna. is the north-south electromagnetic field signal of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna, is the total electric field strength, is the characteristic impedance of free space, is the received power density in a specific direction, is the elevation angle, is the direction angle, is the total power received by the antenna, is the antenna directivity coefficient.

[0030] In this example, the interference intensity impact data includes an interference intensity impact coefficient, which is specifically obtained as follows: Use a spectrum analyzer to scan the specific frequency band of the electromagnetic interference source, obtain the electromagnetic interference power density at each frequency point, and use the integration method to calculate the interference signal power in the specific frequency band; Connect the spectrum analyzer to the output end of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna to obtain the received lightning signal and calculate the lightning signal power; Based on the physical characteristics of the environment, such as buildings, trees, and terrain, environmental modeling is performed. In different scenarios, several measurement points are set at different distances between the electromagnetic interference source and the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna; Calculate the interference signal strength of several measuring points respectively, and calculate the ratio of the interference signal strength of several measuring points to the interference signal strength at the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna to obtain several interference attenuation values; averaging the plurality of interference attenuation values ​​to obtain an interference intensity attenuation factor; The interference signal power, lightning signal power and interference attenuation factor in the specific frequency band are input into the interference intensity influence coefficient calculation formula to obtain the interference intensity influence coefficient.

[0031] It should be noted that the interference intensity influence coefficient has the following advantages in multi-scenario frequency assessment: Provide accurate quantification of interference environment: The interference intensity impact coefficient provides accurate input data for multi-scenario frequency evaluation by quantifying the interference signal characteristics in different scenarios. In lightning detection, the strength and distribution of environmental interference signals are important factors affecting antenna performance. The interference intensity impact coefficient can accurately reflect the interference level in different frequencies and scenarios through comprehensive evaluation of interference signal power, lightning signal power, and interference attenuation, providing a reliable basis for selecting the best operating frequency point; Improve the detection accuracy of lightning signals: Through the interference intensity impact coefficient, the frequency band with lower interference can be identified, the working frequency of the antenna can be optimized, and the accuracy of lightning signal detection can be improved. In complex interference environments, such as strong electromagnetic noise scenarios in cities, interference signals may significantly reduce the detectability of lightning signals. The interference intensity impact coefficient can help the evaluation model prioritize the interference level of each frequency band, thereby screening out the frequency points with the lowest interference and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal; Enhanced adaptability to multiple scenarios: The interference intensity impact coefficient provides a powerful scenario adaptability for the multi-scenario frequency assessment model by comprehensively considering the interference distribution of environmental modeling and measurement points; in different environments (such as forests, rural areas, and cities), the sources and characteristics of electromagnetic interference vary. By calculating the interference attenuation factor and ratio, the interference intensity impact coefficient can adapt to the complex interference characteristics of different scenarios, ensuring that the antenna can select the appropriate operating frequency point in a variety of environments.

[0032] Improve the global optimization capability of frequency selection: The interference intensity impact coefficient can provide a global perspective of interference distribution, helping the multi-scenario evaluation model to select the globally optimal operating frequency point in multiple frequency bands. The combined analysis of interference signal power and attenuation factor enables the interference intensity impact coefficient to perform a global evaluation of the entire frequency range. The evaluation model can use this coefficient to find the frequency with the lowest interference and the best signal quality in the global range, improving the global optimization capability of the evaluation model.

[0033] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the interference intensity influence coefficient is as follows:

[0034] in, is the interference intensity influence coefficient, is the interference signal power in a specific frequency band, is the lightning signal power, is the interference intensity attenuation factor, is the interference intensity, is the frequency.

[0035] S3, constructing a multi-scenario frequency assessment model based on the antenna performance data and the interference intensity impact data; In this example, the specific calculation formula of the multi-scenario frequency evaluation model is as follows: The calculation formula of the multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficient is as follows:

[0036] in, is the antenna directivity coefficient, is the antenna gain influence coefficient, is the interference intensity influence coefficient, , and are the preset proportional coefficients of the antenna directivity coefficient, antenna gain influence coefficient and interference intensity influence coefficient respectively, and W is the multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficient.

[0037] It should be noted that the multi-scenario frequency evaluation model constructed based on antenna performance data and interference intensity impact data fully reflects the core advantage of optimizing lightning detection systems in complex electromagnetic environments. The model comprehensively considers the performance parameters such as antenna gain and directivity and the influence of interference of different intensities. It uses the multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficient as the core indicator to dynamically reflect the performance of the system in various scenarios. The model conducts a comprehensive analysis in the dimensions of interference intensity and operating frequency, and can effectively evaluate the optimal operating frequency in each interference intensity scenario, thereby ensuring that the antenna always maintains efficient operation under different electromagnetic interference conditions. At the same time, the model can also find the optimal adaptation point of the system in each interference intensity scenario for a specific operating frequency, providing support for the stability of the system in a complex interference environment. Compared with the traditional single indicator evaluation method, the model has the advantages of comprehensiveness and pertinence. By combining multi-dimensional data to achieve refined optimization, it not only improves the sensitivity and reliability of the detection system, but also reduces the difficulty of frequency and directivity adjustment in actual deployment. Overall, the model can not only improve the accuracy of system performance evaluation, but also provide a scientific basis for parameter optimization in complex scenarios. It is an important tool for improving the comprehensive performance of lightning detection systems.

[0038] S4, constructing a multi-scenario frequency assessment curve based on the output of the multi-scenario frequency assessment model, and obtaining corresponding optimal demand results according to different lightning detection requirements.

[0039] In this example, a multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve is constructed based on the output of the multi-scenario frequency evaluation model, specifically: Based on the multi-scenario frequency evaluation model, obtain multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficients of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna at different operating frequencies in different interference intensity scenarios; A spatial rectangular coordinate system is constructed with the interference intensity corresponding to different scenarios as the x-axis, the operating frequency as the y-axis, and the multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficient as the z-axis; Based on the multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficients of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna at different operating frequencies in the different interference intensity scenarios, a multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve is drawn.

[0040] It should be noted that the construction method of the multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve integrates the performance data of different interference intensity scenarios and working frequencies, showing the frequency adaptability and performance of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna under multi-scenario conditions. The advantages of this method are first reflected in visualization. By constructing a spatial rectangular coordinate system with interference intensity as the x-axis, working frequency as the y-axis, and multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficient as the z-axis, the relationship between multi-dimensional data can be intuitively displayed, providing a clear reference for frequency optimization. Secondly, the evaluation curve has outstanding advantages in data integration and global optimization. By summarizing the evaluation coefficients under different interference intensities, the performance changes of the antenna in a complex environment can be comprehensively analyzed, thereby providing support for the selection of the global optimal frequency. In addition, the curve can also reflect the coupling relationship between frequency and scenario, help identify the optimal frequency points in certain specific scenarios, and effectively improve the detection efficiency of lightning signals. More importantly, this curve construction method not only provides static analysis, but also provides a basis for dynamic adjustment. By updating the frequency evaluation coefficient in real time, it can adapt to the changing electromagnetic interference environment. In general, the method of constructing multi-scenario frequency assessment curves provides strong data support and decision-making basis for frequency optimization and scenario adaptation of lightning detection systems, and significantly improves the adaptability, accuracy and reliability of the detection system.

[0041] In this example, according to different lightning detection requirements, the corresponding optimal demand results are obtained, specifically: Obtain the operating frequency of the antenna in each interference intensity scenario in the multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve, and use the operating frequency corresponding to the maximum multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficient as the optimal operating frequency in each interference intensity scenario; The multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficients of all different interference intensity scenarios corresponding to a certain working frequency in the multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve are obtained, and the interference intensity scenario corresponding to the maximum multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficient is taken as the optimal interference intensity scenario.

[0042] It should be noted that the solution to the above lightning detection needs fully considers the performance under different interference intensity scenarios and working frequencies through the multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve, providing a scientific basis for optimizing the detection system. First, in each interference intensity scenario, by analyzing the multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve, the operating frequency that maximizes the multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficient is selected as the optimal operating frequency. This method can accurately match the optimal frequency for different interference intensity scenarios, thereby improving the detection sensitivity and anti-interference ability of the system. Secondly, under the condition of a fixed working frequency, by comparing the multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficients under different interference intensity scenarios, the interference intensity scenario corresponding to the maximum evaluation coefficient is selected as the optimal interference intensity scenario. This method can help analyze the anti-interference performance limit of the system at a specific frequency and provide guidance for parameter adjustment in practical applications. The advantage of this method is that it combines multi-dimensional dynamic analysis, which not only improves the adaptive ability of the lightning detection system in complex scenarios, but also provides data support for the frequency and intensity optimization of the system. It can achieve more efficient and stable detection effects in complex environments, and has significant practical value and promotion potential.

[0043] Embodiment 2, Figure 2 A system for lightning detection based on a dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna is provided, which is characterized by comprising a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, a model building module, and a multi-scenario frequency evaluation module: The data acquisition module is used to set several test frequency points as the working frequency of the antenna, simulate the working state of the antenna under different interference intensity scenarios, and obtain the antenna working simulation model; A data analysis module, used to set the interference intensity of several scenes and obtain the corresponding antenna performance data and interference intensity impact data in the antenna working simulation model; A model building module, used to build a multi-scenario frequency assessment model based on the antenna performance data and the interference intensity impact data; The multi-scenario frequency assessment module is used to construct a multi-scenario frequency assessment curve based on the output of the multi-scenario frequency assessment model, and obtain the corresponding optimal demand result according to different lightning detection requirements.

[0044] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0045] The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination. When implemented by software, the above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.

[0046] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0047] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0048] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0049] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightning detection method based on a dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Set several test frequency points as the working frequency of the antenna, simulate the working state of the antenna under different interference intensity scenarios, and obtain the antenna working simulation model; Setting interference strengths of several scenarios, and obtaining corresponding antenna performance data and interference strength impact data in the antenna operation simulation model; Constructing a multi-scenario frequency assessment model based on the antenna performance data and the interference intensity impact data; A multi-scenario frequency assessment curve is constructed based on the output of the multi-scenario frequency assessment model, and corresponding optimal demand results are obtained according to different lightning detection requirements.

2. The lightning detection method based on the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The antenna performance data includes antenna gain influence coefficient and antenna directivity coefficient, specifically: The specific method for obtaining the antenna gain influence coefficient is as follows: The dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna is arranged in a simulated lightning environment to obtain the antenna induced voltage output by the antenna; Based on the relationship between the antenna induced voltage output by the antenna and the antenna impedance, the antenna induced current output by the antenna is calculated; Acquire an east-west electromagnetic field signal and a north-south electromagnetic field signal of a dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna, wherein the east-west electromagnetic field signal and the north-south electromagnetic field signal include an induced voltage and a phase; Calculate the signal amplitude ratio and phase difference between the east-west electromagnetic field signal and the north-south electromagnetic field signal; Inputting the signal amplitude ratio and the phase difference into a lightning signal incident angle calculation formula to obtain the lightning signal incident angle; The antenna induced voltage output by the antenna, the antenna induced current output by the antenna, and the incident angle of the lightning signal are input into a calculation formula for the antenna gain influence coefficient to obtain the antenna gain influence coefficient.

3. The lightning detection method based on the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The antenna directivity coefficient is specifically obtained in the following manner: Based on the east-west electromagnetic field signals and north-south electromagnetic field signals of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna, the total electric field strength of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna is calculated using the electric field strength formula; Inputting the total electric field strength of the dual-channel magnetic loop sensor antenna into a received power density calculation formula to obtain the received power density of the dual-channel magnetic loop sensor antenna in a specific direction; Inputting the received power density in a specific direction of the channel magnetic ring sensor antenna into the spherical coordinate integration formula to integrate the received power density in the direction of the entire spherical area to obtain the total power received by the antenna; The total electric field strength of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna, the received power density in a specific direction, and the total power received by the antenna are input into a calculation formula for the antenna directivity coefficient to obtain the antenna directivity coefficient.

4. The lightning detection method based on the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The interference intensity impact data includes an interference intensity impact coefficient, which is specifically obtained in the following manner: Use a spectrum analyzer to scan the specific frequency band of the electromagnetic interference source, obtain the electromagnetic interference power density at each frequency point, and use the integration method to calculate the interference signal power in the specific frequency band; Connect the spectrum analyzer to the output end of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna to obtain the received lightning signal and calculate the lightning signal power; Based on the physical characteristics of the environment, such as buildings, trees, and terrain, environmental modeling is performed. In different scenarios, several measurement points are set at different distances between the electromagnetic interference source and the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna; Calculate the interference signal strength of several measuring points respectively, and calculate the ratio of the interference signal strength of several measuring points to the interference signal strength at the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna to obtain several interference attenuation values; averaging the plurality of interference attenuation values ​​to obtain an interference intensity attenuation factor; The interference signal power, lightning signal power and interference attenuation factor in the specific frequency band are input into the interference intensity influence coefficient calculation formula to obtain the interference intensity influence coefficient.

5. The lightning detection method based on the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve is constructed based on the output of the multi-scenario frequency evaluation model, specifically: Based on the multi-scenario frequency evaluation model, obtain multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficients of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna at different operating frequencies under different interference intensity scenarios; A spatial rectangular coordinate system is constructed with the interference intensity corresponding to different scenarios as the x-axis, the operating frequency as the y-axis, and the multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficient as the z-axis; Based on the multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficients of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna at different operating frequencies in the different interference intensity scenarios, a multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve is drawn.

6. The lightning detection method based on the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna according to claim 5 is characterized in that: According to different lightning detection requirements, the corresponding optimal requirement results are obtained, specifically: Obtain all operating frequencies in a specific interference intensity scenario in the multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve, and use the operating frequency corresponding to the maximum multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficient as the optimal operating frequency in the specific interference intensity scenario; The multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficients of all different interference intensity scenarios corresponding to a certain working frequency in the multi-scenario frequency evaluation curve are obtained, and the interference intensity scenario corresponding to the maximum multi-scenario frequency evaluation coefficient is taken as the optimal interference intensity scenario.

7. The lightning detection method based on the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The calculation formula of the antenna gain influence coefficient is as follows: The incident angle calculation formula of the lightning signal is specifically: The antenna gain influence coefficient calculation formula is specifically: in, is the antenna gain influence coefficient, is the antenna equivalent impedance, is the antenna inductance, is the antenna operating frequency, is the incident angle of the lightning signal, is the antenna induced voltage, is the antenna induced current, is the signal amplitude ratio of the east-west electromagnetic field signal and the north-south electromagnetic field signal, It is the phase difference between the east-west electromagnetic field signal and the north-south electromagnetic field signal.

8. The lightning detection method based on the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The antenna directivity coefficient calculation formula is specifically: The electric field strength formula is specifically: The calculation formula for the received power density is specifically: The spherical coordinate integration formula is specifically: The antenna directivity coefficient calculation formula is specifically: in, It is the east-west electromagnetic field signal of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna. is the north-south electromagnetic field signal of the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna, is the total electric field strength, is the characteristic impedance of free space, is the received power density in a specific direction, is the elevation angle, is the direction angle, is the total power received by the antenna, is the antenna directivity coefficient.

9. The lightning detection method based on the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The calculation formula of the interference intensity influence coefficient is as follows: in, is the interference intensity influence coefficient, is the interference signal power in a specific frequency band, is the lightning signal power, is the interference intensity attenuation factor, is the interference intensity, is the frequency.

10. A system using the lightning detection method based on the dual-channel magnetic ring sensor antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Including data acquisition module, data analysis module, model building module, and multi-scenario frequency assessment module: The data acquisition module is used to set several test frequency points as the working frequency of the antenna, simulate the working state of the antenna under different interference intensity scenarios, and obtain the antenna working simulation model; A data analysis module, used to set the interference intensity of several scenes and obtain the corresponding antenna performance data and interference intensity impact data in the antenna working simulation model; A model building module, used to build a multi-scenario frequency assessment model based on the antenna performance data and the interference intensity impact data; The multi-scenario frequency assessment module is used to construct a multi-scenario frequency assessment curve based on the output of the multi-scenario frequency assessment model, and obtain the corresponding optimal demand result according to different lightning detection requirements.

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