Lightning arrester high-altitude environment test operation evaluation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-altitude environment test operation evaluation method for a lightning arrester, belongs to the technical field of high-altitude environment tests, and considers that the lightning arrester used in a high-altitude area station or a power transmission line normally works in a low-temperature, low-air-pressure and high-ultraviolet-intensity environment. According to lightning arresters used in existing high-altitude stations or power transmission lines, voltage tests and current tests are carried out under the environmental conditions by taking parameters of the lightning arresters as references and taking average humidity, ultraviolet illumination intensity, atmospheric pressure and temperature of the high-altitude stations or the power transmission lines in the previous year as reference values; and observing whether the lightning arrester has insulation breakdown, flashover or discharge phenomenon on the surface and bursting damage after the test is finished, and sorting, summarizing and selecting the lightning arrester with the highest tolerance level as the lightning arrester of the station or the power transmission line, so that the fault occurrence rate of the lightning arrester and the line trip-out rate can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of high altitude environmental testing, and in particular relates to a method for evaluating the operation of a lightning arrester in a high altitude environmental testing. Background Art

[0002] Lightning arresters, as vital protective equipment in power systems, can not only effectively release lightning strikes and overvoltage energy generated during power system operation, thereby protecting electrical equipment from damage caused by instantaneous overvoltage, but also have the ability to cut off subsequent fault currents, prevent system grounding short-circuit accidents caused by overvoltage, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid. With the growing global demand for clean energy, more and more new energy sites, such as wind farms and photovoltaic power stations, have been built and put into operation. However, these new energy sites are often limited by their geographical location, and most are located in high-altitude areas. Their supporting transmission lines are also exposed to harsh high-altitude environments.

[0003] High altitude environment poses more severe challenges to electrical equipment, which are mainly reflected in three aspects: first, low temperature may cause changes in the performance of internal materials of the equipment, affecting the insulation performance and thermal conductivity; second, low atmospheric pressure reduces the insulation strength of air and weakens the arc extinguishing ability, increasing the burden of the arrester when it is in action; third, the ultraviolet intensity is high, and long-term exposure will accelerate the aging process of the equipment shell and internal components and shorten the service life. The current domestic design and operation standards for lightning arresters are mainly based on environmental conditions below 1000m above sea level. For the special application requirements of high altitude areas, this standard seems to be inadequate. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method for evaluating the operation of a lightning arrester in a high-altitude environment test, which solves the problem that lightning arresters in high-altitude areas do not meet the use standards without being tested.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for evaluating the operation of a lightning arrester in a high altitude environment test, comprising: Prepare to test the dryness of the arrester; Place the prepared test arrester in a closed insulating box, and set a pressure or current path inside and outside the box through insulating sleeves; UV exposure is applied to the arrester, and then the atmospheric pressure and temperature settings of the closed insulating box are set; Apply voltage to the arrester through the pressure path to conduct a voltage test. After the test, observe whether the arrester meets the requirements. If it does, conduct a current test. If not, the arrester fails and another arrester is selected for retesting. Apply current to the arrester through the current path to carry out current test. After the test, observe whether the arrester meets the requirements. If so, it means the arrester is qualified. If not, it is unqualified. Select another arrester and retest until it passes the test.

[0006] Preferably, an ultraviolet light source is arranged on the top of the sealed insulating box, and the ultraviolet light source is electrically connected to an external control device.

[0007] Preferably, the ultraviolet irradiation time is not less than 2 hours.

[0008] Preferably, the voltage test is to apply voltage to the arrester for at least one minute and repeat the operation five times, and the current test is to apply current to the arrester for at least one minute and repeat the operation five times.

[0009] Preferably, the applied voltage is the rated factory test voltage of the lightning arrester, and the applied current is the rated factory test current of the lightning arrester.

[0010] Preferably, the operation interval of applying the voltage and current is not less than 3 minutes.

[0011] Preferably, in the dryness preparation step, the arrester model of the actual working condition of each station or transmission line is used as the reference value, and arresters with different parameters with ±5% and ±10% of the reference value as reference values ​​are selected for testing.

[0012] Preferably, in the step of simulating high altitude and high ultraviolet intensity, the average ultraviolet light intensity of the working environment of each arrester in the previous year is used as a reference value, and ±5% and ±10% of the reference value are taken as set values ​​during the test.

[0013] Preferably, the criteria for judging whether the arrester meets the requirements are: whether insulation breakdown occurs, whether flashover or discharge occurs on the surface, or whether it is cracked or damaged. If any of these situations occurs, the requirements are not met.

[0014] Preferably, the dryness of the arrester is tested by spraying and soaking.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention provides a method for evaluating the operation of a lightning arrester in a high-altitude environmental test, taking into account that the lightning arresters used in stations or transmission lines in high-altitude areas often work in an environment of low temperature, low air pressure and high ultraviolet intensity, according to the lightning arresters currently used in various high-altitude stations or transmission lines, taking the parameters of such lightning arresters as a benchmark, taking the average humidity, ultraviolet light intensity, atmospheric pressure and temperature of each high-altitude station or transmission line in the previous year as a benchmark value, a voltage test and a current test are carried out under the environmental conditions, and after the test, it is observed whether the lightning arrester has insulation breakdown, whether flashover or discharge occurs on the surface, and whether it is cracked or damaged. The lightning arrester with the highest tolerance level is selected as the lightning arrester of the station or transmission line through a summary, which can effectively reduce the occurrence rate of lightning arrester failures and the line tripping rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the operation of a lightning arrester in a high altitude environment test according to the present invention; Figure 2 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for evaluating the operation of a lightning arrester in a high-altitude environment test according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0018] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0020] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the operation of a lightning arrester in a high-altitude environment test, comprising: S101 Prepare to test the dryness of the arrester; S102 Place the prepared test arrester in a closed insulating box, and set a pressure or current path inside and outside the box through an insulating sleeve; S103 applies ultraviolet radiation to the arrester and then sets the atmospheric pressure and temperature settings of the sealed insulating box; S104 applies voltage to the arrester through the pressure path to perform a voltage test. After the test, observe whether the arrester meets the requirements. If it does, perform a current test. If not, the arrester fails to meet the requirements and another arrester is selected for retesting. S105 applies current to the arrester through the current path to perform a current test. After the test, observe whether the arrester meets the requirements. If so, it means the arrester is qualified. If not, it is unqualified. Select another arrester and retest until it passes the test.

[0022] An ultraviolet light source is arranged on the top of the sealed insulating box, and the ultraviolet light source is electrically connected to an external control device, and the ultraviolet irradiation time is not less than 2 hours.

[0023] The voltage test is to apply voltage to the lightning arrester for at least one minute and repeat the operation five times. The current test is to apply current to the lightning arrester for at least one minute and repeat the operation five times.

[0024] The applied voltage is the rated factory test voltage of the lightning arrester, and the applied current is the rated factory test current of the lightning arrester.

[0025] The operation interval of applying voltage and current is not less than 3 minutes.

[0026] In the dryness preparation step, the arrester model of the actual working condition of each station or transmission line is used as the reference value, and arresters with different parameters with ±5% and ±10% of the reference value as reference values ​​are selected for testing.

[0027] In the step of simulating high altitude and high ultraviolet intensity, the average ultraviolet light intensity of each arrester working environment in the previous year is used as the reference value, and ±5% and ±10% of the reference value are taken as the set values ​​during the test.

[0028] The criteria for judging whether the lightning arrester meets the requirements are: whether insulation breakdown occurs, whether flashover or discharge occurs on the surface, or whether it is exploded or damaged. If any of these situations occurs, the requirements are not met.

[0029] Prepare the arrester for dryness testing by spraying and soaking.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for evaluating the operation of a lightning arrester in a high-altitude environment test, comprising the following steps: Step 1. Prepare the dryness of the test arrester according to the actual operating environment of each station. Take the arrester model of the actual working condition of each station or transmission line as the reference value, select ±5% and ±10% of the reference value as the reference value, and select five arresters with different parameters, which are recorded as A (reference value), B (+5% reference value), and C (+10% reference value). For each arrester of the same model, take the average humidity value of the actual on-site operating environment last year as the reference value, and take ±5% and ±10% of the reference value as the reference value of the arrester humidity. A total of five reference humidity values ​​are named X1 (-10% average value), X2 (-5% average value), X3 (average value), X4 (+5% average value), and X5 (+10% average value), where X is:

[0031] Where A, B, and C are the above-mentioned arresters with different parameters. The moisture level of the arrester is controlled by spraying water or soaking to ensure the scientific rationality of the test and facilitate subsequent tests. k It can be expressed as follows:

[0032] In the formula, m1 is the mass of the arrester before the degree of moisture changes, and m2 is the mass of the arrester after the degree of moisture changes. Through this formula, the degree of moisture of the arrester can be measured more accurately.

[0033] Step 2: Place the prepared arrester in a closed insulating box. The inside and outside of the test box are connected by an insulating sleeve, which can ensure good sealing inside the box and prevent the cabinet from being affected by high voltage or high current, thus ensuring the pressure or current path of the equipment test for subsequent tests. Step 3: The ultraviolet light source is placed at the top of the box. The average ultraviolet light intensity of the working environment of each arrester in the previous year is taken as the reference point, and ±5% and ±10% of the reference value are taken, a total of five reference values, recorded as a (-10% average value), b (-5% average value), c (average value), d (+5% average value), e (+10% average value), as the set values ​​during the test. The arrester is exposed to the ultraviolet light source for no less than 1 hour to facilitate subsequent tests. Step 4: According to the actual altitude of each new energy station and the working environment of the equipment, complete the setting of the atmospheric pressure and temperature inside the box. Take the average atmospheric intensity and temperature of the working environment of each lightning arrester in the previous year as the reference point, and take ±5% and ±10% of the reference value, a total of five reference values, respectively recorded as a nm (-10% average), b nm (-5% average), c nm (average), d nm (+5% average), enm (+10% average).

[0034]

[0035] In the formula, n represents the first set of atmospheric intensity reference values ​​(-10% average value), and m represents the first set of temperature representative values ​​(-10% average value), which are used as the set values ​​during the test to ensure the scientific rationality of the test and avoid the dispersion of the test.

[0036] Step 5, the application of high voltage is to apply high voltage to the arrester for at least one minute, repeat the operation at least five times, and observe whether the arrester has insulation breakdown, whether flashover or discharge occurs on the surface, and whether it is cracked or damaged after the test. If the above phenomenon does not occur, it means that the arrester can be tested with a large current. In order to avoid that the electrons on the arrester are not completely dissipated after the last round of high voltage application, thereby affecting the subsequent test results, the interval between repeated high voltage application operations should be at least 1 minute. If the selected arresters fail the test, the maximum parameter arrester C is used as the new minimum parameter arrester A, and the above steps 1-5 are repeated; Step 6, the application of high current is to apply high current to the arrester for at least one minute, and repeat the operation at least five times. After the test, observe whether the arrester has insulation breakdown, whether flashover or discharge occurs on the surface, and whether it is cracked or damaged. If the above phenomena do not occur, it means that the arrester is qualified. In order to avoid the electrons on the arrester not completely dissipating after the last round of high current application, thereby affecting the subsequent test results, the interval between repeated operations of applying high voltage should be at least 1 minute. If the selected arresters fail the test, the maximum parameter arrester C is used as the new minimum parameter arrester A, and the above steps 1-6 are repeated.

[0037] This embodiment has the following advantages: by simulating the ultraviolet light intensity, atmospheric pressure and temperature of the actual working condition operating environment at high altitude, the actual lightning arrester parameter values ​​of each station and transmission line are used as the reference value, and +5% and +10% of this reference value are used as new reference values ​​to classify the lightning arresters, and 5 lightning arresters of the same type are selected. According to the actual annual average humidity of each station and transmission line, the humidity reference value of the lightning arrester is used, and ±5% and ±10% of this reference value are used as new reference values, and the humidity of the lightning arrester is changed by spraying water or soaking. According to the actual annual average ultraviolet intensity of each station and transmission line, the lightning arrester test ultraviolet intensity reference value is used, and ±5% and ±10% of this reference value are used as new reference values. The lightning arrester is irradiated before the test, and the irradiation time should be not less than 1h. According to the actual annual average atmospheric intensity and temperature of each station and transmission line, the lightning arrester test environment parameter reference value is used, and ±5% and ±10% of this reference value are used as new reference values ​​for subsequent tests. First, conduct a high voltage test on the arrester prepared for the above test, repeat the test operation 5 times, observe whether the arrester has insulation breakdown, whether flashover or discharge occurs on the surface, whether it is cracked or damaged, etc. If not, proceed to the next step of high current test. If it occurs, take the maximum parameter arrester C as the new minimum parameter arrester A, and repeat steps 1-5. Conduct a high current test on the arrester that passes the high voltage test, repeat the test operation 5 times, observe whether the arrester has insulation breakdown, whether flashover or discharge occurs on the surface, whether it is cracked or damaged, etc. If not, select a suitable arrester according to the test results. If it fails to pass the test, take the maximum parameter arrester C as the new minimum parameter arrester A, and repeat steps 1-6. Through the above operations, the parameters of the arrester working at high altitude can be judged and used to reduce the probability of high altitude arrester cracking, insufficient current carrying capacity and arrester breakdown.

[0038] This embodiment takes into account that the arresters used in stations or transmission lines in high-altitude areas often work in low temperature, low air pressure and high ultraviolet intensity environments, which will inevitably affect the arrester's current sharing capacity and withstand voltage level in long-term operation. If left unchecked, it will cause insulation loss, leading to serious power accidents and causing major economic losses and casualties. Therefore, if a suitable arrester can be selected in time to replace the existing arrester, the stability of the arrester can be greatly improved to avoid greater losses. The present invention is based on the lightning arresters currently used in various high-altitude stations or transmission lines, takes the parameters of such lightning arresters as a benchmark, and selects four types of lightning arresters at ±5% and ±10% of the parameter benchmark, with a total of five types of lightning arresters. The average humidity, ultraviolet light intensity, atmospheric pressure and temperature of each high-altitude station or transmission line in the previous year are taken as benchmark values, and ±5% and ±10% of the benchmark values ​​are set as test reference values. A large voltage test and a large current test are carried out under the environmental conditions, and after the test, it is observed whether the lightning arrester has insulation breakdown, whether flashover or discharge occurs on the surface, and whether it is cracked and damaged. The lightning arrester with the highest tolerance level is selected as the lightning arrester of the station or transmission line through summary and selection, which can effectively reduce the failure rate of the lightning arrester and the line tripping rate.

[0039] Although the embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments and application fields, and the above-mentioned specific embodiments are only illustrative and instructive, rather than restrictive. Under the guidance of the specification, a person skilled in the art can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention, all of which belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the operation of a lightning arrester in a high-altitude environment test, characterized in that: include: Prepare to test the dryness of the arrester; Place the prepared test arrester in a closed insulating box, and set a pressure or current path inside and outside the box through insulating sleeves; UV exposure is applied to the arrester, and then the atmospheric pressure and temperature settings of the closed insulating box are set; Apply voltage to the arrester through the pressure path to conduct a voltage test. After the test, observe whether the arrester meets the requirements. If it does, conduct a current test. If not, the arrester fails and another arrester is selected for retesting. Apply current to the arrester through the current path to carry out current test. After the test, observe whether the arrester meets the requirements. If so, it means the arrester is qualified. If not, it is unqualified. Select another arrester and retest until it passes the test.

2. A lightning arrester high altitude environment test operation evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ultraviolet light source is arranged on the top of the sealed insulating box, and the ultraviolet light source is electrically connected to an external control device.

3. The method for evaluating the operation of a lightning arrester in a high-altitude environment test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The UV exposure time is not less than 2 hours.

4. The method for evaluating the operation of a lightning arrester in a high-altitude environment test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage test is to apply voltage to the arrester for at least one minute and repeat the operation five times. The current test is to apply current to the arrester for at least one minute and repeat the operation five times.

5. A lightning arrester high altitude environment test operation evaluation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The applied voltage is the rated factory test voltage of the lightning arrester, and the applied current is the rated factory test current of the lightning arrester.

6. A lightning arrester high altitude environment test operation evaluation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The operation interval of applying voltage and current is not less than 3 minutes.

7. The method for evaluating the operation of a lightning arrester in a high-altitude environment test according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the dryness preparation step, the arrester model of the actual working condition of each station or transmission line is used as the reference value, and arresters with different parameters with ±5% and ±10% of the reference value as reference values ​​are selected for testing.

8. The method for evaluating the operation of a lightning arrester in a high-altitude environment test according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of simulating high altitude and high ultraviolet intensity, the average ultraviolet light intensity of each arrester working environment in the previous year is used as the reference value, and ±5% and ±10% of the reference value are taken as the set values ​​during the test.

9. The method for evaluating the operation of a lightning arrester in a high-altitude environment test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The criteria for judging whether the lightning arrester meets the requirements are: whether insulation breakdown occurs, whether flashover or discharge occurs on the surface, or whether it is exploded or damaged. If any of these situations occurs, the requirements are not met.

10. The method for evaluating the operation of a lightning arrester in a high-altitude environment test according to claim 1, characterized in that: Prepare the arrester for dryness testing by spraying and soaking.

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