A shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment method and system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of water resource analysis, and specifically to a shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment method and system, comprising the following steps: based on a target shallow groundwater monitoring area, through a target detection point, collecting groundwater level, pH value and pollutant content data, and screening the data to exclude abnormal values ​​that deviate from the normal range, and obtain basic groundwater data. In the present invention, by integrating groundwater monitoring data and stratigraphic structure information, the migration and diffusion of pollutants are predicted, so that the assessment of groundwater vulnerability is more accurate, and by collecting groundwater level, pH value and pollutant content data, and introducing meteorological and human activity data, a more comprehensive perspective is provided for the assessment, so that risk assessment is combined with real-time environmental changes, data utilization and timeliness of assessment are optimized, the ability to respond to sudden environmental changes is improved, and the operability of risk management for specific areas is strengthened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water resource analysis, and in particular to a shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment method and system. Background Art

[0002] The technical field of water resource analysis mainly involves the research and development of methods for quantification, quality assessment and management of water resources. This field includes technologies for monitoring, prediction and optimal management of surface water and groundwater. Key technologies and methods include the establishment of hydrological models, water quality and quantity monitoring, data analysis and simulation of water resource systems. This technical field aims to provide decision support systems to ensure the sustainable use and protection of water resources. In addition, this field also includes environmental assessments of the impact of water resource use, optimization of water resource allocation and adaptive management strategies for water resources under the influence of climate change.

[0003] Among them, the shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment method is a technology used to assess the extent to which shallow groundwater is susceptible to pollution or other environmental changes. The assessment usually includes analysis of the geographical and geological characteristics of the groundwater system, identification of pollution risks, and simulation of the spread of potential pollutants. Its main uses include providing a scientific basis for the delineation of groundwater protection areas, guiding land use planning and management to reduce potential threats to groundwater resources, and assessing the impact of future environmental changes on groundwater safety.

[0004] Traditional assessment methods have limitations in dealing with real-time data integration and multi-factor impact analysis. Traditional methods focus on using historical data for model building and prediction, but in actual operation, they ignore the impact of real-time environmental changes on water resource conditions. For example, ignoring the immediate impact of climate change and human activities on water resource systems may cause the assessment results to deviate from the actual situation. In addition, traditional methods fail to fully integrate geographic information systems to visualize spatial risks, limiting the accuracy and timeliness of management decisions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings in the prior art and to propose a shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment method and system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment method comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1: Based on the target shallow groundwater monitoring area, the groundwater level, pH value and pollutant content data are collected through the target detection points, and the data are screened to exclude abnormal values ​​that deviate from the normal range to obtain basic groundwater data;

[0009] S2: Based on the basic groundwater data, by analyzing the groundwater data within the target time, evaluating the changing trends of the groundwater level and pollution conditions, and obtaining the groundwater dynamic change index;

[0010] S3: Based on the groundwater dynamic change indicators, combined with known stratigraphic structures and hydrogeological data, by simulating the behavior of pollutants under various conditions, the migration path and diffusion speed of pollutants under differentiated geological conditions are predicted to obtain pollution diffusion prediction results;

[0011] S4: Based on the pollution diffusion prediction results, the meteorological data and the surrounding human activity impact data are integrated to analyze the influence of multiple data points, evaluate the vulnerability index of shallow groundwater at the differentiated detection points, and obtain vulnerability assessment information;

[0012] S5: Based on the vulnerability assessment information, conduct spatial distribution analysis, assess the risk of shallow groundwater in differentiated areas, use geographic information system to mark key risk areas, and formulate corresponding intervention measures according to the degree of pollution and risk level of key risk areas to obtain groundwater risk assessment results.

[0013] Optionally, the basic groundwater data include groundwater level data, pH value and pollutant content data that have been processed with outliers; the groundwater dynamic change indicators include pollution change trends, water level change trends, water quality periodic fluctuation data and change rates at key time points; the pollution diffusion prediction results include the migration path of pollutants, the expected diffusion rate and the affected groundwater layers; the vulnerability assessment information includes the groundwater vulnerability index and the vulnerability distribution information of differentiated areas; the groundwater risk assessment results include the location information of key risk areas, key pollution points and recommended protection measures.

[0014] Optionally, based on the target shallow groundwater monitoring area, the groundwater level, pH value and pollutant content data are collected through the target detection points, and the data are screened to exclude abnormal values ​​that deviate from the normal range. The specific steps for obtaining basic groundwater data are:

[0015] S101: Based on the target shallow groundwater monitoring area, the groundwater level, pH value and pollutant content are recorded in real time through the target detection points to obtain real-time water quality monitoring records;

[0016] S102: Based on the real-time water quality monitoring records, the data are compared with the preset abnormal data threshold, and the data points with abnormal values ​​and beyond the normal ecological and chemical change range are identified and deleted to obtain the filtered monitoring data;

[0017] S103: Based on the screened monitoring data, the data is checked for integrity and consistency to verify that all data points meet preset quality standards, thereby obtaining basic groundwater data.

[0018] Optionally, based on the basic groundwater data, by analyzing the groundwater data within the target time, evaluating the change trend of the groundwater level and pollution conditions, and obtaining the groundwater dynamic change index, the specific steps are:

[0019] S201: Based on the basic groundwater data, analyzing the time correlation of the collected data, identifying the changing trends of the groundwater level and the pollutant concentration, and obtaining trend analysis results;

[0020] S202: Based on the trend analysis results, by calculating the standard deviation and average change rate of the changes, identify the key fluctuation periods and rates of the groundwater level and pollutant concentrations, and obtain key change parameters;

[0021] S203: Based on the key change parameters, the potential risk level of groundwater level and pollutant concentration in future periods is evaluated to obtain groundwater dynamic change indicators.

[0022] Optionally, based on the groundwater dynamic change index, combined with known stratigraphic structure and hydrogeological data, by simulating pollutant behavior under various conditions, the migration path and diffusion speed of pollutants under differentiated geological conditions are predicted, and the steps of obtaining the pollution diffusion prediction result are specifically as follows:

[0023] S301: Based on the groundwater dynamic change index, collect stratigraphic structure and hydrogeological data of the target shallow groundwater area, establish a model of groundwater flow and pollutant migration, and obtain a groundwater flow model;

[0024] S302: Based on the groundwater flow model, simulate the migration of pollutants under differentiated rainfall and groundwater extraction conditions, record the flow direction and speed of pollutants under various conditions, and obtain pollutant migration data;

[0025] S303: Based on the pollutant migration data, the distribution and diffusion range of pollutants under various geological and meteorological conditions are analyzed to obtain pollution diffusion prediction results.

[0026] Optionally, based on the pollution diffusion prediction result, meteorological data and surrounding human activity impact data are integrated, the influence of multiple data points is analyzed, and the vulnerability index of shallow groundwater at the differentiated detection point is evaluated. The specific steps of obtaining vulnerability assessment information are as follows:

[0027] S401: Based on the pollution diffusion prediction result, collect meteorological data and surrounding human activity information of the target shallow groundwater monitoring area, extract factors affecting pollution diffusion, and obtain influencing factor data;

[0028] S402: Based on the influencing factor data, evaluate the specific impact of the differentiation factors on the diffusion of pollutants, analyze the pollutant sensitivity and reaction rate of each detection point, evaluate the vulnerability score of the detection point, and obtain the vulnerability assessment result of the detection point;

[0029] S403: Based on the detection point vulnerability assessment result, the detection points are divided into corresponding vulnerability levels according to a preset vulnerability classification standard to obtain vulnerability assessment information.

[0030] Optionally, the formula for evaluating the vulnerability score of the detection point is:

[0031]

[0032] in, For the The vulnerability score of each detection point, Representative The weight of the influencing factors, Representative The detection point is The measured values ​​of the influencing factors, Representative The average measured value of the influencing factors, Represents the total number of influencing factors.

[0033] Optionally, based on the vulnerability assessment information, a spatial distribution analysis is performed to assess the risk of shallow groundwater in differentiated areas, key risk areas are marked using a geographic information system, and corresponding intervention measures are formulated according to the degree of pollution and risk level of the key risk areas. The specific steps for obtaining the groundwater risk assessment results are:

[0034] S501: Based on the vulnerability assessment information, the vulnerability level data of the detection points are imported into the geographic information system, and the pollution risk of each geographical area is quantitatively analyzed using spatial analysis tools to identify key risk areas for pollution spread and obtain a pollution risk map;

[0035] S502: Based on the pollution risk map, by comparing the pollutant concentrations and pollution development trends of the differentiated regions, the risk level of each region is evaluated to obtain regional risk assessment information;

[0036] S503: Based on the regional risk assessment information, design and implement targeted intervention measures, including pollution source control, adding groundwater monitoring stations and implementing pollution remediation plans to obtain groundwater risk assessment results.

[0037] Optionally, the formula for evaluating the risk level of each area is:

[0038]

[0039] in, Representative The pollutant concentration at each detection point is Representative The growth rate of pollutants at each detection point, Representative The vulnerability score of each detection point, Representative Factors affecting groundwater from human activities around each detection point: is the total number of detection points in the area.

[0040] On the other hand, a shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment system is provided, wherein the shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment system is used to perform the shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment method, and the system comprises:

[0041] The groundwater index analysis module is based on the target shallow groundwater monitoring area. Through the target detection points, it collects groundwater level, pH value and pollutant content data, screens the data, excludes abnormal values ​​that deviate from the normal range, and evaluates the changing trends of groundwater level and pollution conditions by analyzing the groundwater data within the target time, and obtains the groundwater dynamic change index;

[0042] The pollution change prediction module is based on the groundwater dynamic change index, combined with known stratum structure and hydrogeological data, and simulates the behavior of pollutants under various conditions to predict the migration path and diffusion speed of pollutants under differentiated geological conditions, thereby obtaining the pollution diffusion prediction result;

[0043] The groundwater vulnerability analysis module integrates meteorological data and surrounding human activity impact data based on the pollution diffusion prediction results, analyzes the influence of multiple data points, evaluates the vulnerability index of shallow groundwater at differentiated detection points, and obtains vulnerability assessment information;

[0044] The groundwater risk assessment module conducts spatial distribution analysis based on the vulnerability assessment information, assesses the risk of shallow groundwater in differentiated areas, uses a geographic information system to mark key risk areas, and formulates corresponding intervention measures based on the degree of pollution and risk level in key risk areas to obtain groundwater risk assessment results.

[0045] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0046] In the present invention, by integrating groundwater monitoring data and stratigraphic structure information, the migration and diffusion of pollutants are predicted, making the assessment of groundwater vulnerability more accurate. By collecting groundwater level, pH value and pollutant content data, and introducing meteorological and human activity data, a more comprehensive perspective is provided for the assessment, so that risk assessment can be combined with real-time environmental changes to more accurately guide the formulation of intervention measures, optimize data utilization and the timeliness of assessment, and improve the ability to respond to sudden environmental changes. The use of geographic information systems for spatial distribution analysis enhances the intuitiveness of the assessment and strengthens the operability of risk management for specific areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0048] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a detailed flow chart of S1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a detailed flow chart of S2 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a detailed flow chart of S3 of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a detailed flow chart of S4 of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6 This is a detailed flow chart of S5 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 7 It is a system flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0056] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "example" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a specific way. In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either of the two.

[0057] In the embodiments of the present invention, "image" and "picture" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when the difference between them is not emphasized, the meanings they intend to express are the same. "of", "corresponding, relevant" and "corresponding" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when the difference between them is not emphasized, the meanings they intend to express are the same.

[0058] In the embodiments of the present invention, sometimes the subscripts such as W 1 It may be written in non-subscript form such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meaning is the same.

[0059] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0060] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment method, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1: Based on the target shallow groundwater monitoring area, the groundwater level, pH value and pollutant content data are collected through the target detection points, and the data are screened to exclude abnormal values ​​that deviate from the normal range to obtain basic groundwater data;

[0062] S2: Based on basic groundwater data, by analyzing groundwater data within the target time, evaluate the changing trends of groundwater levels and pollution conditions, and obtain groundwater dynamic change indicators;

[0063] S3: Based on the groundwater dynamic change indicators, combined with the known stratigraphic structure and hydrogeological data, by simulating the pollutant behavior under various conditions, the migration path and diffusion speed of pollutants under differentiated geological conditions are predicted to obtain the pollution diffusion prediction results;

[0064] S4: Based on the pollution diffusion prediction results, the meteorological data and the surrounding human activities impact data are integrated to analyze the influence of various data points, evaluate the vulnerability index of shallow groundwater at the differentiated detection points, and obtain vulnerability assessment information;

[0065] S5: Based on the vulnerability assessment information, conduct spatial distribution analysis, evaluate the risk of shallow groundwater in differentiated areas, use geographic information system to mark key risk areas, and formulate corresponding intervention measures according to the degree of pollution and risk level of key risk areas to obtain groundwater risk assessment results.

[0066] Basic groundwater data include groundwater level data, pH value and pollutant content data after outlier processing; groundwater dynamic change indicators include pollution change trends, water level change trends, water quality periodic fluctuation data and change rates at key time points; pollution diffusion prediction results include the migration path of pollutants, expected diffusion rate and affected groundwater layers; vulnerability assessment information includes groundwater vulnerability index and vulnerability distribution information of differentiated regions; groundwater risk assessment results include location information of key risk areas, key pollution points and recommended protection measures.

[0067] See also Figure 2 Based on the target shallow groundwater monitoring area, the groundwater level, pH value and pollutant content data are collected through the target detection points, and the data are screened to exclude abnormal values ​​that deviate from the normal range. The specific steps to obtain basic groundwater data are as follows:

[0068] S101: Based on the target shallow groundwater monitoring area, the groundwater level, pH value and pollutant content are recorded in real time through the target detection points to obtain real-time water quality monitoring records;

[0069] Based on the target shallow groundwater monitoring area, water quality data is recorded in real time by installing groundwater level, pH value and pollutant content detection points. Groundwater level sensors are deployed in key water flow paths, and data is collected every minute through conductivity sensors. pH values ​​are continuously monitored by pH electrodes, and pollutant content is sampled and analyzed by automatic sampling equipment carrying organic chemical sensors. Sensors and equipment are wirelessly connected to the central monitoring system to transmit data in real time. The central system uses a calibrated model to conduct a preliminary analysis of the collected data to determine the water quality status and generate real-time monitoring records, thereby realizing real-time groundwater quality monitoring.

[0070] S102: Based on the real-time water quality monitoring records, the data are compared with the preset abnormal data threshold, and the data points with abnormal values ​​and beyond the normal ecological and chemical change range are identified and deleted to obtain the filtered monitoring data;

[0071] Based on real-time water quality monitoring records, time series analysis is performed on the received data to identify mutation points and discontinuities in the data, and anomaly detection is performed using preset thresholds. Data points that are beyond the normal range of ecological and chemical changes are marked and removed. The process is completed through automated scripts to ensure the quality and reliability of the monitoring data and obtain screened monitoring data.

[0072] S103: Based on the screened monitoring data, the data is checked for integrity and consistency to verify that all data points meet the preset quality standards and obtain basic groundwater data.

[0073] Based on real-time water quality monitoring records, the integrity of the data set is verified to check the completeness and time integrity of the data points to ensure that there is no data missing. A consistency check is then performed, including the logical relationship between data points and historical data comparison. Statistical methods are used to identify and correct any inconsistencies in the data, and data that passes the quality standards is stored to obtain basic groundwater data.

[0074] See also Figure 3 Based on the basic groundwater data, by analyzing the groundwater data within the target time, evaluating the changing trend of groundwater level and pollution, and obtaining the groundwater dynamic change index, the specific steps are as follows:

[0075] S201: Based on basic groundwater data, analyze the time correlation of the collected data, identify the changing trends of groundwater level and pollutant concentration, and obtain trend analysis results;

[0076] Based on basic groundwater data, time series analysis is performed. The data is imported into the time series analysis tool, and the sliding window method is used to calculate the average water level and pollutant concentration at each time point. The data points are fitted with the autoregressive moving average model to predict future short-term trends, identify the main increase and decrease trends of water levels and pollutant concentrations, and obtain trend analysis results.

[0077] S202: Based on the trend analysis results, by calculating the standard deviation and average change rate of the changes, identify the key fluctuation periods and rates of groundwater level and pollutant concentrations, and obtain key change parameters;

[0078] Based on the trend analysis results, the standard deviation of the water level and pollutant concentration readings at each monitoring time point is calculated to measure the volatility of the data points. The difference method is used to determine the change between adjacent readings, and the average of the change is calculated. Time periods with significant fluctuations are identified and marked as key fluctuation periods. Through the calculation results, the main change rates of groundwater levels and pollutant concentrations are obtained, and key change parameters are generated.

[0079] S203: Based on key change parameters, evaluate the potential risk level of groundwater level and pollutant concentration in future periods and obtain groundwater dynamic change indicators.

[0080] Based on key change parameters, the potential risks of groundwater levels and pollutant concentrations in the future are evaluated. By considering the influence of historical data, seasonal changes and known environmental factors, and simulating different scenarios, the possible maximum and minimum fluctuation ranges are predicted, and the risk level of groundwater levels and pollutant concentrations under different risk thresholds is evaluated. The groundwater dynamic change indicators are obtained to provide a basis for formulating future groundwater management strategies.

[0081] See also Figure 4Based on the groundwater dynamic change indicators, combined with the known stratigraphic structure and hydrogeological data, by simulating the behavior of pollutants under various conditions, the migration path and diffusion rate of pollutants under differentiated geological conditions are predicted. The specific steps to obtain the pollution diffusion prediction results are as follows:

[0082] S301: Based on the groundwater dynamic change index, the stratigraphic structure and hydrogeological data of the target shallow groundwater area are collected, and a model of groundwater flow and pollutant migration is established to obtain a groundwater flow model;

[0083] Based on the groundwater dynamic change indicators, a comprehensive analysis of the geological structure of the target area is carried out, and stratigraphic structural data such as rock type, soil structure, fractures and porosity are collected. The existing hydrogeological data, including groundwater flow rate, water level records and past pollution event history, are integrated. Subsequently, the data are input into the groundwater flow model. The model uses three-dimensional numerical simulation technology to reproduce the water flow and pollutant migration path in the formation. During the model calibration process, the historical groundwater level change data is used to adjust the simulation parameters to ensure accuracy, and a groundwater flow model that reflects the actual groundwater flow characteristics is obtained. The model can predict the direction and speed of water flow under different conditions.

[0084] S302: Based on the groundwater flow model, simulate the migration of pollutants under differentiated rainfall and groundwater extraction conditions, record the flow direction and speed of pollutants under various conditions, and obtain pollutant migration data;

[0085] Using the established groundwater flow model, simulated rainfall events and groundwater extraction volumes are defined, and the changes in groundwater flow and the corresponding migration of pollutants under these conditions are calculated through the model. The permeability and adsorption characteristics of different strata, as well as the solubility and reaction kinetics of pollutants are considered in the model. The calculations help identify the flow direction and velocity of pollutants in groundwater under pressure changes caused by rainfall or pumping, and obtain detailed pollutant migration data that reflect the migration path and velocity of pollutants under different operating conditions.

[0086] S303: Based on the pollutant migration data, the distribution and diffusion range of pollutants under various geological and meteorological conditions are analyzed to obtain the pollution diffusion prediction results.

[0087] Based on pollutant migration data, the distribution patterns of pollutants under different geological and meteorological conditions are analyzed, and the obstruction of pollutant migration by different rock layers is evaluated through geological data. At the same time, the influence of meteorological factors such as rainfall, wind speed and temperature on groundwater flow and pollutant diffusion is considered. The factors are combined with pollutant migration data using geographic information system technology to perform simulation and prediction, determine the potential impact range and distribution density of pollutants, and obtain pollution diffusion prediction results.

[0088] See also Figure 5Based on the pollution diffusion prediction results, the meteorological data and the surrounding human activities impact data are integrated to analyze the influence of various data points, evaluate the vulnerability index of shallow groundwater at the differentiated detection points, and obtain the vulnerability assessment information in the following steps:

[0089] S401: Based on the pollution diffusion prediction results, collect meteorological data and surrounding human activity information of the target shallow groundwater monitoring area, extract factors affecting pollution diffusion, and obtain influencing factor data;

[0090] Based on the pollution diffusion prediction results, meteorological data and human activity information of the target area are collected, and the key factors affecting the diffusion of groundwater pollution are extracted. Relevant data, including temperature, precipitation, industrial emission records and land use, are obtained by using data acquisition equipment and online databases. After the data are screened and preprocessed, multivariate analysis methods are used to identify factors significantly correlated with pollutant diffusion, such as the spatial distribution of rainfall and industrial activities, to obtain influencing factor data, which provides a basis for the impact assessment of pollutant diffusion.

[0091] S402: Based on the influencing factor data, evaluate the specific impact of the differentiation factors on the diffusion of pollutants, analyze the pollutant sensitivity and reaction rate of each detection point, evaluate the vulnerability score of the detection point, and obtain the vulnerability assessment result of the detection point;

[0092] The formula for evaluating the vulnerability score of a detection point is:

[0093]

[0094] in, For the The vulnerability score of each detection point, Representative The weight of the influencing factors, Representative The detection point is The measured values ​​of the influencing factors, Representative The average measured value of the influencing factors, Represents the total number of influencing factors.

[0095] formula:

[0096]

[0097] Parameter meaning and acquisition method:

[0098] Representative The weights of the factors are set according to the importance of each factor in the spread of pollutants. The weighting usually requires expert evaluation or analysis of past data to ensure that the contribution of each factor is appropriately considered. For example, the weights of each factor may be evaluated through analysis of historical pollution events.

[0099] Indicates The detection point is The measured value of an influencing factor is obtained directly through on-site monitoring equipment. For example, the concentration of a pollutant may be directly measured at a specific detection point by a water quality monitoring instrument.

[0100] Representative The average measured value of the influencing factor is obtained by summing the first The data of the influencing factors are collected and their average values ​​are calculated. This can help standardize the data for easy comparison between different test points.

[0101] Calculation example:

[0102] There are two detection points, and the impact of two factors (such as factor A and factor B) needs to be evaluated. The relevant parameters are set as follows: , Indicates the weights of factor A and factor B. , are the measured values ​​of factor A and factor B at the first detection point. , are the measured values ​​of factor A and factor B at the second test point. , is the average measurement value of the two detection points.

[0103] According to the weighted comprehensive index method, the vulnerability score of detection point 1 is The calculation is as follows:

[0104]

[0105]

[0106]

[0107]

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] The score reflects the vulnerability of detection point 1 relative to the average situation. The larger the value, the higher the vulnerability of the detection point, which means that the location is more likely to be seriously affected by the spread of pollutants. In this way, the vulnerability of different detection points can be ranked, thus providing a scientific basis for pollution control and prevention strategies.

[0111] S403: Based on the vulnerability assessment result of the detection point, the detection point is divided into corresponding vulnerability levels according to the preset vulnerability classification standard to obtain vulnerability assessment information.

[0112] Based on the vulnerability assessment results of the detection points, the vulnerability scores are compared with the preset thresholds. The classification criteria are set according to the historical data of groundwater pollution and the potential risk assessment. During the classification process, software tools are used to automate the classification and recording to ensure that all detection points are accurately classified according to their vulnerability scores. The classification results are organized into detailed vulnerability assessment information.

[0113] See also Figure 6 Based on the vulnerability assessment information, spatial distribution analysis is conducted to assess the risk of shallow groundwater in differentiated areas. Key risk areas are marked using geographic information systems, and corresponding intervention measures are formulated according to the degree of pollution and risk level of key risk areas. The specific steps to obtain groundwater risk assessment results are as follows:

[0114] S501: Based on the vulnerability assessment information, the vulnerability level data of the detection points are imported into the geographic information system, and the pollution risk of each geographical area is quantitatively analyzed using spatial analysis tools to identify the key risk areas for pollution spread and obtain a pollution risk map;

[0115] Based on the vulnerability assessment information, the information is imported into the geographic information system. Through the spatial analysis tools in the geographic information system, the assessment information is integrated with the map data to ensure that the vulnerability data of each area accurately corresponds to the geographical characteristics. The pollution risk is visualized using spatial interpolation and kernel density estimation methods. The groundwater flow direction and topography are analyzed to see how they affect the diffusion path of pollutants. Hotspot analysis tools are used to identify and mark key areas with higher pollution risks. The data visualization results generated by the analysis process form a pollution risk map, which provides a basis for risk management.

[0116] S502: Based on the pollution risk map, by comparing the pollutant concentrations and pollution development trends of differentiated areas, the risk level of each area is evaluated to obtain regional risk assessment information;

[0117] The formula for assessing the risk level of each area is:

[0118]

[0119] in, Representative The pollutant concentration at each detection point is Representative The growth rate of pollutants at each detection point, Representative The vulnerability score of each detection point, Representative Factors affecting groundwater from human activities around each detection point: is the total number of detection points in the area.

[0120] formula:

[0121]

[0122] The meaning and acquisition method of parameters:

[0123] Representative The pollutant concentration at each detection point is obtained by measuring the concentration of specific pollutants using water quality analysis instruments at the detection point.

[0124] Representative The growth rate of pollutants at each monitoring point is obtained by performing time series analysis on historical data, such as using moving average or linear regression model to estimate future trends.

[0125] Representative The vulnerability score of each detection point is obtained based on the previous vulnerability assessment results.

[0126] Representative The impact factor of human activities on groundwater around each detection point is calculated based on the records of agricultural irrigation, industrial water use and residential water use activities around the detection point. This parameter is obtained by analyzing water use records and related economic activity data.

[0127] The total number of detection points in the area indicates the number of detection points involved in the risk assessment.

[0128] Calculation Example

[0129] There are three detection points in the set area. The following are the settings of each parameter: Pollutant concentration :

[0130] mg / L, mg / L, mg / L, growth trend : (indicates an annual growth of 10%), , Vulnerability score : , , , the intensity of human activities : , , , total number of detection points .

[0131] Calculate regional risk level :

[0132]

[0133]

[0134]

[0135]

[0136]

[0137] Risk Level Represents the average risk index of the region. The higher the value, the greater the pollution risk of the entire region. The results can help decision makers understand the pollution status and vulnerability of the entire region, so as to formulate more effective environmental protection measures and resource allocation strategies.

[0138] S503: Based on regional risk assessment information, design and implement targeted intervention measures, including pollution source control, adding groundwater monitoring stations and implementing pollution remediation plans to obtain groundwater risk assessment results.

[0139] Based on the regional risk assessment information, targeted intervention measures were designed and implemented, including adding groundwater monitoring stations in key pollution areas to more accurately track the diffusion path and concentration changes of pollutants, controlling identified pollution sources, using physical, chemical and biological technologies to reduce pollutant emissions and concentrations, and implementing groundwater pollution remediation plans. Methods such as bioremediation and chemical treatment were used to improve groundwater quality in polluted areas. Through the comprehensive application of measures, comprehensive groundwater risk assessment results were obtained, providing an implementation basis for groundwater protection and pollution prevention and control.

[0140] See also Figure 7 A shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment system is provided. The shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment system is used to implement the shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment method. The system comprises:

[0141] The groundwater index analysis module is based on the target shallow groundwater monitoring area. Through the target detection points, it collects groundwater level, pH value and pollutant content data, screens the data, excludes abnormal values ​​that deviate from the normal range, and evaluates the changing trends of groundwater level and pollution conditions by analyzing the groundwater data within the target time, and obtains the groundwater dynamic change index;

[0142] The pollution change prediction module is based on the groundwater dynamic change indicators, combined with the known stratum structure and hydrogeological data, and simulates the behavior of pollutants under various conditions to predict the migration path and diffusion speed of pollutants under differentiated geological conditions, and obtains the pollution diffusion prediction results;

[0143] The groundwater vulnerability analysis module integrates meteorological data and surrounding human activity impact data based on the pollution diffusion prediction results, analyzes the influence of multiple data points, evaluates the vulnerability index of shallow groundwater at differentiated detection points, and obtains vulnerability assessment information;

[0144] The groundwater risk assessment module conducts spatial distribution analysis based on vulnerability assessment information, assesses the risk of shallow groundwater in differentiated areas, uses geographic information systems to mark key risk areas, and formulates corresponding intervention measures based on the degree of pollution and risk level of key risk areas to obtain groundwater risk assessment results:

[0145] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship, but it may also indicate an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for specific understanding.

[0146] In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0147] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present invention, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0148] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0149] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described equipment, devices and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0150] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0151] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0152] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0153] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program codes.

[0154] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Based on the target shallow groundwater monitoring area, the groundwater level, pH value and pollutant content data are collected through the target detection points, and the data are screened to exclude abnormal values ​​that deviate from the normal range to obtain basic groundwater data; Based on the basic groundwater data, by analyzing the groundwater data within the target time, the changing trends of the groundwater level and pollution conditions are evaluated to obtain the groundwater dynamic change index; Based on the groundwater dynamic change index, combined with known stratigraphic structure and hydrogeological data, by simulating the behavior of pollutants under various conditions, the migration path and diffusion speed of pollutants under differentiated geological conditions are predicted to obtain pollution diffusion prediction results; Based on the pollution diffusion prediction results, meteorological data and surrounding human activity information of the target shallow groundwater monitoring area are collected to extract factors affecting pollution diffusion and obtain influencing factor data; Based on the influencing factor data, the vulnerability score of the detection point is evaluated to obtain a detection point vulnerability evaluation result; Based on the vulnerability assessment results of the detection points, the detection points are divided into corresponding vulnerability levels according to preset vulnerability classification standards to obtain vulnerability assessment information; Based on the vulnerability assessment information, the vulnerability level data of the detection points are imported into the geographic information system, and the pollution risk of each geographical area is quantitatively analyzed using spatial analysis tools to identify key risk areas for pollution spread and obtain a pollution risk map; Based on the pollution risk map, by comparing the pollutant concentrations and pollution development trends of differentiated areas, the risk level of each area is evaluated to obtain regional risk assessment information; Based on the regional risk assessment information, design and implement targeted intervention measures, including pollution source control, adding groundwater monitoring stations and implementing pollution remediation plans to obtain groundwater risk assessment results; The basic groundwater data include groundwater level data, pH value and pollutant content data after outlier processing; the groundwater dynamic change indicators include pollution change trends, water level change trends, water quality periodic fluctuation data and change rates at key time points; the pollution diffusion prediction results include the migration path of pollutants, the expected diffusion rate and the affected groundwater layers; the vulnerability assessment information includes the groundwater vulnerability index and the vulnerability distribution information of differentiated areas; the groundwater risk assessment results include the location information of key risk areas, key pollution points and recommended protection measures; The formula for evaluating the risk level of each area is: ； in, Representative The pollutant concentration at each detection point is Representative The growth rate of pollutants at each detection point, Representative The vulnerability score of each detection point, Representative Factors affecting groundwater from human activities around each detection point: is the total number of detection points in the area.

2. The shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the target shallow groundwater monitoring area, the groundwater level, pH value and pollutant content data are collected through the target detection points, and the data are screened to exclude abnormal values ​​that deviate from the normal range. The specific steps to obtain basic groundwater data are as follows: Based on the target shallow groundwater monitoring area, the groundwater level, pH value and pollutant content are recorded in real time through the target detection points to obtain real-time water quality monitoring records; Based on the real-time water quality monitoring records, the data are compared with the preset abnormal data threshold, and the data points with abnormal values ​​and beyond the normal ecological and chemical change range are identified and deleted to obtain the filtered monitoring data; Based on the screened monitoring data, the data is checked for integrity and consistency to verify that all data points meet the preset quality standards to obtain basic groundwater data.

3. The shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the basic groundwater data, by analyzing the groundwater data within the target time, evaluating the changing trends of the groundwater level and pollution conditions, and obtaining the groundwater dynamic change index, the specific steps are: Based on the basic groundwater data, the time correlation of the collected data is analyzed to identify the changing trends of the groundwater level and the pollutant concentration, and obtain trend analysis results; Based on the trend analysis results, by calculating the standard deviation and average change rate of the changes, the key fluctuation periods and rates of groundwater level and pollutant concentrations are identified to obtain key change parameters; Based on the key change parameters, the potential risk level of groundwater level and pollutant concentration in future periods is evaluated to obtain groundwater dynamic change indicators.

4. The shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the groundwater dynamic change index, combined with known stratigraphic structure and hydrogeological data, by simulating the behavior of pollutants under various conditions, the migration path and diffusion speed of pollutants under differentiated geological conditions are predicted, and the steps for obtaining the pollution diffusion prediction results are as follows: Based on the groundwater dynamic change index, the stratigraphic structure and hydrogeological data of the target shallow groundwater area are collected, a model of groundwater flow and pollutant migration is established, and a groundwater flow model is obtained; Based on the groundwater flow model, the migration of pollutants under differentiated rainfall and groundwater extraction conditions is simulated, the flow direction and speed of pollutants under various conditions are recorded, and the pollutant migration data is obtained; Based on the pollutant migration data, the distribution and diffusion range of pollutants under various geological and meteorological conditions are analyzed to obtain pollution diffusion prediction results.

5. The shallow groundwater vulnerability assessment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula for evaluating the vulnerability score of the detection point is: ； in, For the The vulnerability score of each detection point, Representative The weight of the influencing factors, Representative The detection point is The measured values ​​of the influencing factors, Representative The average measured value of the influencing factors, Represents the total number of influencing factors.

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