Real-time detection and diagnosis method and system for chamber fire based on sound transmission from building solid walls
By propagating sound waves in the solid walls of buildings and using changes in sound wave intensity and frequency to monitor fires in real time, the system solves the environmental interference problem of existing fire monitoring methods, achieves rapid and accurate diagnosis of fire burning power and area, and supports fire rescue and evacuation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411821740.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-12-11
AI Technical Summary
Existing fire monitoring methods such as smoke, temperature, and light detectors cannot effectively transmit fire scene information in real time, are easily affected by environmental interference, and cannot accurately judge changes in fire burning power and area, affecting fire rescue and personnel evacuation.
Using the solid wall of the building as a sound transmission medium, the intensity and frequency changes of the sound waves in the solid medium are measured through the sound wave transmitter and receiver. Combined with the data processing module, the flame area and combustion power are calculated in real time to achieve real-time detection and diagnosis of fire.
It achieves fast and accurate fire detection and diagnosis in complex environments, reduces equipment costs, reduces environmental noise interference, can cover a wider area, and provide real-time fire scene information to support rescue and evacuation.
Smart Images
Figure CN119723771B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fire safety systems, and in particular to a method and system for real-time detection and diagnosis of chamber fires based on sound transmission through building solid walls. Background Art
[0002] Structural fires are often sudden and widespread, often accompanied by large amounts of smoke. Once a fire breaks out, it can spread rapidly within a short period of time, threatening the integrity of the building structure and the lives of those who live there. However, traditional monitoring methods such as smoke, heat, and light detectors have limitations when it comes to building fires. They are unable to effectively transmit fire scene information in real time and are easily affected by environmental factors such as hot smoke and high radiation flux. However, real-time information from the fire scene remains crucial for evacuation and rescue deployment, especially the changing trends in the fire's combustion power and area, which serve as crucial data for safety assessments. Real-time fire power and area data can also be used to determine the likelihood of fire hazards such as flashover and backdraft. Therefore, to achieve real-time detection and diagnosis of the entire combustion process of building fires, a new information transmission medium is needed.
[0003] Acoustic waves are mechanical waves that propagate through fluid or solid media, and their propagation is affected by the physical properties of the medium. Previous attempts have exploited this characteristic, exploiting the fact that fires alter the ambient temperature, to detect chamber fires through airborne acoustic transmission. The principle is that under the influence of a fire, the indoor air (smoke) heats up significantly, altering the intensity of the airborne acoustic signal, thereby enabling fire detection. However, the propagation of sound through air is susceptible to environmental interference, such as crowd evacuation, fire rescue operations, furniture obstruction, and ceiling collapse. In contrast, solid-body acoustic transmission offers advantages such as strong anti-interference capabilities, low energy loss, and high propagation speed. Currently, solid-body acoustic transmission is primarily used for temperature measurement of special equipment and structural defect detection, demonstrating that acoustic signals are sensitive to changes in the physical properties of solid media. Consider that after a building fire, flames transfer heat to the building's solid walls, especially the floor, causing changes in parameters such as the elastic modulus and density of the solid wall medium, and consequently, the parameters of the acoustic signal propagating within it (sound intensity and frequency) will also change accordingly. It can be expected that changes in the burning power or area of a fire source will cause changes in the acoustic signal. Therefore, by measuring the changes in the acoustic intensity and frequency of the acoustic signal in the flame-affected area of the building's solid wall, the burning power and area of the fire source can be detected in real time and transmitted to the outside world, providing information support for evacuation and fire rescue.
[0004] Among existing scientific research and patents, there is still limited research on using acoustic features to monitor fire scene information. A real-time fire temperature monitoring device for building spaces utilizes acoustic CT temperature measurement technology. By installing an acoustic transceiver inside the building, the device acquires real-time fire temperature information. This method provides high temperature accuracy and can assist in determining the location of the fire source and smoke distribution, providing important data for fire rescue (Qin Hengjie, Chai Lingling, Zou Lejian, et al. A real-time fire temperature monitoring device for building spaces [P]. Henan Province: CN202320432346.3, 2023-09-05). However, existing work has several significant shortcomings. First, acoustic CT temperature measurement technology requires high equipment costs and complex computational processing, increasing the economic burden of implementation. Second, this method has poor adaptability to the environment. The dense smoke and high temperatures accumulated within the fire scene can lead to measurement errors or delays, and it is easily affected by background noise within the fire scene. Furthermore, the high temperature can prolong the device's response time, affecting the speed of early fire detection. The real-time chamber fire detection and diagnosis method and system based on solid-wall sound transmission, proposed in this paper, aims to address this shortcoming. This method uses the solid walls of buildings as a sound transmission medium for fire detection, leveraging the propagation characteristics of sound waves in solid materials to overcome the limitations of airborne sound waves, which are susceptible to interference. The advantages of solid-wall sound transmission lie in its greater stability, strong anti-interference capabilities, and rapid sound wave propagation, enabling faster and more accurate reflection of fire scene conditions. Furthermore, the low loss of sound waves in solid media allows for strong signal strength to be maintained over longer distances, enabling the fire detection system to cover a wider area. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Based on long-term theoretical research and experimental studies, the present invention proposes for the first time a fire detection and diagnosis method and system based on sound transmission through building solid walls that is easy to operate and highly applicable. This method is not only low-cost but also enables more efficient and real-time fire detection and diagnosis in complex building environments.
[0006] The present invention is achieved through at least one of the following technical solutions.
[0007] The real-time detection and diagnosis method of chamber fire based on sound transmission through building solid walls includes the following steps:
[0008] 1) Transmitting a first acoustic signal to the solid medium of the building wall through an acoustic wave transmitter or an inherent sound source in the building;
[0009] 2) After the first acoustic signal propagates through the solid medium, a second acoustic signal is received by an acoustic receiver. The second acoustic signal is the acoustic signal after the first acoustic signal propagates in the solid wall medium;
[0010] 3) The data acquisition module collects the sound spectrum read by the sound wave receiver in real time and transmits it to the computer or cloud server;
[0011] 4) By reading the sound spectrum data from the computer or cloud server, the sound intensity change and sound frequency offset at the sound wave receiver position are calculated in real time;
[0012] 5) The data processing module calculates the changes in the combustion power and area of the fire scene through the values and trends of the sound frequency offset and sound intensity change, thereby realizing real-time detection and diagnosis of the fire scene information of the chamber fire at any time period.
[0013] Furthermore, the data acquisition module can monitor the intensity change and frequency offset of the sound wave in real time, and calculate the sound intensity change and sound frequency offset at the position of the sound wave receiver through the data processing module.
[0014] Furthermore, the data processing module has a noise filtering function, which can filter out environmental noise and improve the accuracy of signal analysis after the second sound signal is converted.
[0015] Furthermore, the data processing module adopts an information redundancy filtering method to filter out environmental noise by comparing and analyzing multiple identical or similar information sources.
[0016] Furthermore, the data processing module calculates the sound intensity change and sound frequency offset at the position of the sound wave receiver in real time, and estimates the changes in the combustion power and area of the fire scene through polynomial interpolation.
[0017] Furthermore, the data processing module can calculate the combustion area of the chamber fire based on the sound intensity change and sound frequency shift at the position of the sound wave receiver:
[0018]
[0019] Among them A f is the flame area, Δf is the acoustic frequency offset of the second acoustic wave signal after the fire relative to the second acoustic wave signal before the fire, ΔSPL is the sound intensity change of the second acoustic wave signal after the fire relative to the second acoustic wave signal before the fire, and a, b, and c are correction coefficients.
[0020] Furthermore, the data processing module can also calculate the combustion power of the chamber fire based on the sound intensity change and sound frequency shift at the position of the sound wave receiver:
[0021]
[0022] in is the flame combustion power, A fis the flame area, Δf is the acoustic frequency offset of the second acoustic wave signal after the fire relative to the second acoustic wave signal before the fire, ΔAPL is the acoustic intensity change of the second acoustic wave signal after the fire relative to the second acoustic wave signal before the fire, T F is the fuel temperature, and a, b, c, d, and e are correction coefficients.
[0023] A system for implementing the real-time detection and diagnosis method for chamber fires based on sound transmission through building solid walls includes a waveform generator, a power amplifier, a sound wave transmitter, a sound wave receiver, a data acquisition module, a computer, and a cloud server. The sound wave transmitter and the sound wave receiver are located on both sides of a solid wall medium in the room. The waveform generator and the power amplifier are both connected to the sound wave transmitter. The waveform generator and the power amplifier generate a sound signal with the same sound intensity and frequency as the fire alarm in the building, and transmit the sound signal to one side of the solid wall medium in the test room through the sound wave transmitter. The sound wave receiver receives the sound wave on the other side propagated through the solid wall medium and transmits it to the data acquisition module. The data acquisition module transmits the data to the computer or to the cloud server.
[0024] Furthermore, the solid wall medium includes a concrete floor, a steel structure, a wall or a solid structure capable of transmitting sound within a building.
[0025] Furthermore, a ignitable wood pile fire is provided on the indoor solid wall medium.
[0026] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0027] 1. Flame power and combustion area diagnostic mechanism
[0028] The present invention utilizes the physical properties and temperature changes of the solid wall of the chamber as a sound propagation medium to achieve fire detection and diagnosis. The basic principle is that when a fire occurs, the temperature increase of the propagation medium will cause changes in physical parameters such as density, elastic modulus and sound speed, thereby affecting the propagation speed and efficiency of the sound waves. Specifically, the temperature increase causes the propagation of sound waves near the high-temperature area to accelerate, which manifests as changes in sound wave intensity and sound frequency shift. Based on this, the present invention installs the sound wave transmitter on one side of the solid wall medium of the chamber, and installs the sound wave receiver on the side of the solid wall medium of the chamber facing the sound wave transmitter, ensuring that the sound wave receiver can receive the incident sound waves generated by the transmitter. When the sound wave transmitter pushes a sound field of fixed intensity, the sound intensity and sound frequency read by the sound wave receiver will change with the increase in the solid wall temperature. Through interpolation processing, the changes in the combustion power and area of the fire scene can be calculated through the values and change trends of the sound frequency offset and sound intensity change, thereby realizing real-time detection and diagnosis of fire scene information at any time period of chamber fire, and providing a safety assessment basis for personnel evacuation, emergency rescue and other work.
[0029] This invention proposes for the first time a real-time chamber fire detection and diagnosis method and system based on sound transmission through building walls. Compared with existing fire detection and analysis technologies based on airborne sound transmission, the present invention has the following advantages:
[0030] (1) The energy loss of sound propagation in solids is much lower than that in air, so that the sound signal can maintain intensity and low loss over a longer propagation distance, thereby achieving fire detection and diagnosis over a wider range.
[0031] (2) The sound transmission through the solid wall is less affected by the environment such as crowd evacuation and rescue, and the placement and obstruction of indoor furniture will not block the sound propagation in the solid wall, which can ensure that the sound signal can accurately detect fire information at any time during the fire.
[0032] (3) Compared with air media, sound waves propagate faster in solid media and have a shorter response time to changes in the fire environment, which can effectively improve the real-time performance of fire detection;
[0033] (4) Sound waves can propagate through solid wall media such as floor structures in multiple rooms, and have the potential to simultaneously detect and diagnose fires in multiple rooms or even entire floors of a building. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0034] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the following drawings and embodiments further illustrate the present invention:
[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the real-time detection and diagnosis system for chamber fires based on building solid wall sound transmission according to the present invention;
[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system corresponding to the test chamber and power flame;
[0037] Figure 3 The spectrograms of the second acoustic wave signal and the first acoustic wave signal corresponding to flames of different sizes and powers;
[0038] Figure 4 The sound frequency and sound intensity change diagram corresponding to flames of different sizes and powers;
[0039] In the figure: 1- waveform generator; 2- power amplifier; 3- acoustic wave transmitter; 4- woodpile fire; 5- concrete floor; 6- acoustic wave receiver; 7- data acquisition module; 8- computer; 9- cloud server. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in schematic form, and therefore only show components relevant to the present invention. It should also be understood that various parameter changes and modifications in form may be made by those skilled in the art, and that such equivalent forms are also within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, a real-time chamber fire detection and diagnosis system based on sound transmission through building solid walls includes a waveform generator 1, a power amplifier 2, a sound wave transmitter 3, a sound wave receiver 6, a data acquisition module 7, a computer 8, and a cloud server 9. The sound wave transmitter 3 and the sound wave receiver 6 are located on both sides of the solid wall medium in the room. The waveform generator 1 and the power amplifier 2 are both connected to the sound wave transmitter 3. The sound wave transmitter 3 transmits the sound signal to one side of the solid wall medium in the test room, and the sound wave receiver 6 receives the sound wave on the other side propagated through the solid wall medium. The sound wave receiver 6 is connected to the data acquisition module 7, and the data acquisition module 7 transmits the data to the computer 8 or the cloud server 9. The system achieves fire detection and diagnosis by utilizing the physical properties and temperature changes of the chamber solid wall as the sound propagation medium to affect the sound wave intensity and sound frequency, ensuring that real-time and accurate fire data can still be provided when traditional monitoring methods fail.
[0042] In this embodiment, a waveform generator 1 and a power amplifier 2 generate an acoustic signal with the same intensity and frequency as a fire alarm within a building. This signal is then transmitted to the solid wall medium within the test chamber via an acoustic wave transmitter 3 as a first acoustic wave signal for monitoring. An acoustic wave receiver 6 receives the acoustic waves propagating through the solid wall medium as a second acoustic wave signal for monitoring, and transmits this signal to a data acquisition module 7. Data acquisition module 7 has both wired and wireless data transmission capabilities, capable of transmitting data to a computer 8 via a data cable or to a cloud server 9 via wireless signals. For example, it supports a low-latency wireless transmission protocol, enabling rapid transmission of acoustic wave data to a remote server in the early stages of a fire.
[0043] The key installation requirements of the present invention's real-time chamber fire detection and diagnosis system based on sound transmission through building solid walls are: the acoustic transmitter 3 is mounted on one side of the solid wall, and the acoustic receiver 6 is mounted on the side directly opposite the acoustic transmitter 3. During testing, a woodpile fire 4 was ignited to produce an open flame. As the local temperature of the solid wall medium increased, the sound intensity and frequency values received by the acoustic receiver 6 changed, providing an effective basis for real-time monitoring of the fire scene.
[0044] In one embodiment, the wall-reinforcing medium can be a concrete floor 5, a steel structure, a wall, or other solid material. This allows the use of existing solid structures such as walls or floors, beams or walls within existing building structures as a propagation path for sound waves, reducing the need for additional building modifications. In this embodiment, the wall-reinforcing medium used for sound wave signal propagation is a concrete floor 5.
[0045] Compared to propagation through air, sound waves propagate faster through solid media, with lower loss and less impact from environmental obstructions. Therefore, this system can efficiently and in real time monitor fires. Furthermore, the system is highly resistant to interference from building spaces and can be used to detect fires at any time, especially in the middle and later stages.
[0046] As an embodiment, the system also utilizes existing sound sources in the building, such as fire alarms, as acoustic emission signals to achieve fire detection and diagnosis based on solid wall sound transmission.
[0047] The method for implementing the above-mentioned cavity fire real-time detection and diagnosis system based on building solid wall sound transmission includes the following steps:
[0048] 1) Transmitting a first acoustic signal to the solid wall of the building through the acoustic wave transmitter 3 or the inherent sound source in the building;
[0049] 2) Receive a second acoustic signal through the acoustic wave receiver 6, where the second acoustic signal is the acoustic wave signal after the first acoustic signal propagates in the solid wall medium;
[0050] 3) The data acquisition module 7 collects the sound spectrum read by the sound wave receiver 6 in real time and transmits it to the computer or cloud server;
[0051] 4) By reading the sound spectrum data from the computer or cloud server, the sound intensity change and sound frequency offset at the position of the sound wave receiver 6 are calculated in real time;
[0052] 5) Since the sound frequency offset and sound intensity change are positively correlated with the combustion power and area of the fire in the corresponding area, the changes in the combustion power and area of the fire can be calculated through interpolation based on the values and change trends of the sound frequency offset and sound intensity change, thereby achieving real-time detection and diagnosis of fire information at any time period of the chamber fire, providing a safety assessment basis for personnel evacuation, emergency rescue and other work.
[0053] When a building fire occurs, the temperature of the building's solid walls rises, causing changes in their density and elastic modulus, which in turn weakens the intensity of the internal acoustic signal and shifts its peak frequency. By measuring and calculating the change in acoustic intensity and frequency shift within the building's solid walls, real-time monitoring and diagnosis of the fire's power and burning area can be achieved, providing fire scene information for early warning and rescue efforts. The acoustic emission signal's intensity and frequency range can be modified to adapt to the propagation characteristics of different building types and sizes.
[0054] The data acquisition module 7 monitors the intensity changes and frequency shifts of the sound waves in real time and calculates the sound intensity change and frequency shift at the sound wave receiver location using a data processing algorithm. Specifically, the data processing algorithm interpolates the difference between the second sound wave signals before and after the fire, thereby determining the sound intensity change and frequency shift.
[0055] The data processing module also has a noise filtering function, which can filter out environmental noise and improve the accuracy of the signal analysis after the second acoustic signal is converted. The data processing module uses information redundancy filtering to filter out environmental noise and improve signal analysis accuracy by comparing and analyzing multiple identical or similar information sources. For example, by comparing signals collected by multiple microphones, it can distinguish between incoming signals and noise, thereby achieving noise filtering.
[0056] Furthermore, the data processing module calculates the sound intensity change and sound frequency shift at the position of the sound wave receiver 6 in real time, and estimates the changes in the combustion power and area of the fire scene through polynomial interpolation method.
[0057] Therefore, the changes in the sound intensity and sound frequency of the second sound signal can be used to effectively detect and diagnose fire scene information. Here, ΔSPL is defined as the sound intensity change of the second sound wave signal after the fire relative to the second sound wave signal before the fire, and Δf is defined as the sound frequency offset of the second sound wave signal after the fire relative to the second sound wave signal before the fire. At the same time, A is defined as f is the size (area) of the flame in the chamber, and is defined as is the combustion power of the flame in the chamber. Based on the basic theory of acoustics and knowledge of fire dynamics, a better algorithm for calculating the combustion area of a chamber fire is as follows:
[0058]
[0059] Among them, A f is the flame area, Δf is the acoustic frequency offset of the second acoustic wave signal after the fire relative to the second acoustic wave signal before the fire, ΔSPL is the sound intensity change of the second acoustic wave signal after the fire relative to the second acoustic wave signal before the fire, and a, b, and c are correction coefficients, where a, b, and c vary with different material properties.
[0060] For example, if the currently tested C30 concrete floor is a, the recommended value ranges of the parameters are a=0.58~6.12, b=-6.62~5.26, and c=0.18~6.24.
[0061] At the same time, based on the basic theory of acoustics and knowledge of fire dynamics, a better algorithm for calculating the combustion power of chamber fire is as follows:
[0062]
[0063] in, is the flame combustion power, A f is the flame area, Δf is the acoustic frequency offset of the second acoustic wave signal after the fire relative to the second acoustic wave signal before the fire, ΔSPL is the sound intensity change of the second acoustic wave signal after the fire relative to the second acoustic wave signal before the fire, T F is the fuel temperature, a, b, c, d, e are correction coefficients (where a, b, c, d, e vary with different material properties. For example, if the currently tested C30 concrete floor is a, the recommended value range of each parameter is a = 756.31 ~ 1125.16, b = 1132.27 ~ 1436.15, c = 109.24 ~ 196.35, d = 1.62*10 5 ~2.35*10 5 , e=18.26~35.37).
[0064] Figure 2 The spectrogram of the second acoustic wave signal is shown when fire sources of different sizes (burning area) and power are placed in a test room with a length of 3.6m and a width of 2.4m. At this time, the main frequency range of the first acoustic wave signal used is 1800Hz to 2200Hz, which is consistent with the main frequency of the fire alarm. Figure 3 (a) and Figure 3 As can be seen from (b), when there is no flame in the test room, the sound intensity of the second sound wave signal that reaches the sound wave receiving device 6 at the farthest end (3.6m) through the concrete floor 5 is 89.93dB, and the sound frequency is 2020Hz. At this time, a square wood pile fire 4 with a side length of 1.4m is placed in the test room, and the wood pile is ignited to make it burn stably, causing the temperature of the concrete floor to rise by 100°C. At this time, after the same incident sound signal reaches the farthest sound wave receiver 6 through the heated concrete floor 5, the sound intensity of the second sound wave signal is measured to be 91.27dB, and the sound frequency is 1976Hz. It can be seen that compared with the condition without a fire source, the locally heated concrete floor 5 increases the sound intensity of the second sound wave signal by 1.34dB and reduces the sound frequency by 44Hz.
[0065] On the basis of ensuring that the temperature rise of the concrete floor caused by the fire source remains unchanged, the side length of the wood pile fire 5 is reduced to 1m and 0.6m. Using the same incident sound field signal after passing through the heated concrete floor 5 to reach the farthest sound wave receiving device 6, the numerical value of the sound intensity change and the sound frequency offset can be recorded to obtain the change trend of sound intensity and sound frequency with the burning area, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 4 (a) and Figure 4 As shown in (b), it can be seen that the larger the burning area of the flame, the greater the sound frequency shift and sound intensity change caused by it.
[0066] On the other hand, the burning area of the fire source was kept constant during the test, and only the temperature rise of the concrete floor 5 caused by the flames was changed. The temperature rise of the concrete floor 5 was controlled to be 50°C, 150°C, 250°C, and 350°C respectively. The same incident sound signal was used to reach the farthest sound wave receiving device 6 after passing through the heated concrete floor 5. The numerical values of the sound intensity change and the sound frequency offset were recorded. The change trend of the sound intensity and sound frequency with the solid phase temperature can be obtained, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 4 (c) and Figure 4 It can be seen that the higher the temperature rise of the concrete floor 5 caused by the fire source, the greater the sound frequency shift and sound intensity change caused by it.
[0067] In summary, the present invention provides a real-time detection and diagnosis method and system for chamber fires based on sound transmission through building solid walls. Before a fire occurs, a first sound wave signal is pushed to the solid medium of the building's solid wall (such as a concrete floor) through an acoustic transmitter or an inherent sound source within the building. A second sound wave signal is then received by an acoustic receiver. The second sound wave signal is the sound wave signal after the first sound wave signal has propagated through the solid medium of the chamber. When a fire occurs, the temperature of the propagation medium increases, causing changes in physical parameters such as density, elastic modulus, and speed of sound, thereby affecting the propagation speed and efficiency of the sound waves. Specifically, the temperature increase causes the propagation of sound waves near high-temperature areas to accelerate, which manifests as changes in sound wave intensity and sound frequency shifts. The influence of the temperature and area of the chamber solid is determined by the change in the sound intensity of the second sound wave signal after the fire occurs, as well as the sound frequency offset relative to the second sound wave signal before the fire occurs. The temperature and area of the chamber solid depend on the flame power and the burning area. The change in the sound frequency offset and sound intensity, as well as the changing trend of the temperature and area of the chamber solid, can be used to determine the change in the flame power and size in the fire scene, thereby realizing real-time detection and analysis of fire scene information at any time period of indoor fires, providing a safety basis for the implementation of personnel evacuation, emergency rescue and other work.
[0068] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, numerous modifications and variations are possible based on the contents of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and utilize the present invention.
Claims
1. A real-time detection and diagnosis method for chamber fires based on sound transmission through building walls, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) transmitting a first acoustic signal to the building solid wall medium via an acoustic wave transmitter (3) or an inherent sound source in the building; 2) After the first acoustic signal propagates through the solid wall medium, a second acoustic signal is received by the acoustic wave receiver (6), where the second acoustic signal is the acoustic wave signal after the first acoustic signal propagates through the solid wall medium; 3) The data acquisition module (7) collects the sound spectrum read by the sound wave receiver (6) in real time and transmits it to a computer or cloud server; 4) By reading the sound spectrum data from the computer or cloud server, the sound intensity change and sound frequency offset at the position of the sound wave receiver (6) are calculated in real time; 5) The data processing module calculates the changes in the combustion power and area of the fire scene through the values and change trends of the sound frequency offset and sound intensity change, thereby realizing real-time detection and diagnosis of the fire scene information of the chamber fire at any time.
2. The method for real-time detection and diagnosis of chamber fires based on sound transmission through building walls according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data acquisition module can monitor the intensity change and frequency deviation of the sound wave in real time, and calculate the sound intensity change and sound frequency deviation at the position of the sound wave receiver through the data processing module.
3. The method for real-time detection and diagnosis of chamber fires based on sound transmission through building walls according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data processing module filters the environmental noise to improve the accuracy of signal analysis after the second acoustic signal is converted.
4. The method for real-time detection and diagnosis of chamber fires based on sound transmission through building walls according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The data processing module adopts an information redundancy filtering method to filter environmental noise by comparing and analyzing multiple identical or similar information sources.
5. The method for real-time detection and diagnosis of chamber fires based on sound transmission through building walls according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The data processing module calculates the sound intensity change and sound frequency shift at the sound wave receiver position in real time, and calculates the changes in the combustion power and area of the fire scene through polynomial interpolation method.
6. The method for real-time detection and diagnosis of chamber fires based on sound transmission through building walls according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The data processing module calculates the combustion area of the chamber fire based on the sound intensity change and sound frequency shift at the sound wave receiver position: ； in is the flame area, is the acoustic frequency offset of the second acoustic wave signal after the fire relative to the second acoustic wave signal before the fire, is the sound intensity change of the second sound wave signal after the fire relative to the second sound wave signal before the fire, a 、 b 、 c is the correction factor.
7. The method for real-time detection and diagnosis of chamber fires based on sound transmission through building walls according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The data processing module calculates the combustion power of the chamber fire based on the sound intensity change and sound frequency shift at the sound wave receiver position: ； in is the flame combustion power, , is the acoustic frequency offset of the second acoustic wave signal after the fire relative to the second acoustic wave signal before the fire, is the sound intensity change of the second sound wave signal after the fire relative to the second sound wave signal before the fire, is the fuel temperature, a 、 b 、 c 、 d 、 e is the correction factor.
8. A system for implementing the method for real-time detection and diagnosis of chamber fires based on sound transmission through building solid walls as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises a waveform generator (1), a power amplifier (2), a sound wave transmitter (3), a sound wave receiver (6), a data acquisition module (7), a computer (8) and a cloud server (9); the sound wave transmitter (3) and the sound wave receiver (6) are located on both sides of the solid wall medium in the room, the waveform generator (1) and the power amplifier (2) are both connected to the sound wave transmitter (3), the waveform generator (1) and the power amplifier (2) generate a sound signal with the same sound intensity and frequency as the fire alarm sound in the building, and transmit the sound signal to one side of the solid wall medium in the test room through the sound wave transmitter (3); the sound wave receiver (6) receives the sound wave on the other side propagated through the solid wall medium and transmits it to the data acquisition module (7), and the data acquisition module (7) transmits the data to the computer (8) or transmits the data to the cloud server (9).
9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that The solid wall medium includes a concrete floor (5), a steel structure, a wall or a solid structure capable of transmitting sound within a building.
10. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that An ignitable wood pile fire (4) is provided on the solid wall medium in the room.