Coil framework, coil structure and nuclear fusion reaction device

Abstract

The invention provides a coil framework, a coil structure and a nuclear fusion reaction device, the coil framework comprises a first framework part and a second framework part, the first framework part is in an annular cylinder shape, the second framework part is in an annular plate shape, and the second framework part sleeves the outer ring surface of the first framework part; the first framework part is used for bearing a coil winding by using the outer ring surface; a cold conduction channel extending in the annular direction is embedded in the first framework part and / or the second framework part and used for containing a cold conduction medium. The coil framework can achieve a good cooling effect on the coil winding, it is guaranteed that the working stability of the annular magnetic field coil is high, and the nuclear fusion reaction effect can be correspondingly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of nuclear fusion technology, and in particular to a coil skeleton, a coil structure and a nuclear fusion reaction device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of nuclear fusion reaction technology, research on nuclear fusion reaction devices has become more and more extensive.

[0003] The nuclear fusion reaction device includes a reaction chamber for nuclear fusion reaction, and a variety of coils (such as a central solenoid coil, a poloidal magnetic field coil, and a toroidal magnetic field coil). Plasma is generated in the reaction chamber, and the plasma is controlled by the magnetic field generated by the coil, so that the plasma is heated to the fusion reaction temperature to cause a nuclear fusion reaction. The working stability of the coil is crucial to the realization of the nuclear fusion reaction. The working stability of the coil is crucial to the realization of the nuclear fusion reaction.

[0004] The current coil includes a coil frame and a coil winding. The coil winding is usually made of a superconducting tape wound on the coil frame. The superconducting tape needs to work in a low temperature environment. However, the cooling effect of the coil winding still needs to be improved, and accordingly, the working stability of the coil in the nuclear fusion reactor still needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a coil frame, a coil structure and a nuclear fusion reaction device. The coil frame can achieve a better cooling effect of the coil winding, improve the working stability of the coil winding, and correspondingly improve the nuclear fusion reaction effect.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present application, a coil skeleton is provided, comprising a first skeleton part and a second skeleton part, wherein the first skeleton part is in an annular cylindrical shape, the second skeleton part is in an annular plate shape, and the second skeleton part is sleeved on the outer annular surface of the first skeleton part; The first skeleton part is used to carry the coil winding by using the outer annular surface; A cooling channel extending in a circumferential direction is embedded in the first skeleton part and / or the second skeleton part, and the cooling channel is used to accommodate a cooling medium.

[0007] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a coil structure, comprising the above-mentioned coil frame, and at least two coil windings wound on a first frame portion of the coil frame; The at least two coil windings are respectively located on both sides of the second frame portion of the coil frame.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present application, a nuclear fusion reaction device is provided, comprising: a reaction chamber, a central solenoid coil, a poloidal magnetic field coil, and a toroidal magnetic field coil; At least one of the poloidal magnetic field coil and the toroidal magnetic field coil comprises the above-mentioned coil structure.

[0009] In the embodiment of the present application, the coil skeleton has a first skeleton part and a second skeleton part which are nested with each other, the coil winding can be wound on the first skeleton part, and a cooling channel is provided in the first skeleton part and / or the second skeleton part for the circulation of a cooling medium. This is equivalent to using the coil skeleton directly as a cooling device. The cooling medium is close to the coil winding, which can have a good cooling effect on the coil winding, ensure the working reliability of the coil winding, and accordingly improve the fusion reaction effect of the nuclear fusion reaction device where the coil winding is located. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a coil skeleton provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another coil skeleton provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another coil skeleton provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a coil structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of another coil structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of another coil skeleton provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a ring structure provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a coil skeleton provided in another embodiment of the present application; Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another coil skeleton provided in another embodiment of the present application; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of a simple shape of a coil skeleton provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] Many specific details are described in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present application, so the present application is not limited by the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0012] The terms used in one or more embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit one or more embodiments of the present application. The singular forms of "one", "said" and "the" used in one or more embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in one or more embodiments of the present application refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items. The term "at least one" in one or more embodiments of the present application refers to "one or more", and "multiple" refers to "two or more". The term "including" is an open description and should be understood as "including but not limited to", and may include other content on the basis of the content described.

[0013] It should be understood that, although the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used to describe various information in one or more embodiments of the present application, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of the present application, "first" may also be referred to as "second", and similarly, "second" may also be referred to as "first". Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0014] Nuclear fusion refers to the process of two lighter atomic nuclei fusing into a heavier atomic nucleus and releasing energy. A common nuclear fusion reaction is that deuterium or tritium nuclei fuse with each other under certain conditions (such as ultra-high temperature and high pressure) to generate new heavier atomic nuclei accompanied by huge energy release. Nuclear fusion energy has the characteristics of high energy density, abundant raw material reserves, safety, environmental protection and cleanliness, and is an ideal energy source for the future. Accordingly, nuclear fusion reaction devices have been widely studied, such as the tokamak device, which is a type of controlled nuclear fusion reaction device that has been studied more.

[0015] The Tokamak nuclear fusion reaction device includes a toroidal reaction chamber for nuclear fusion, as well as a toroidal field (TF) coil, a center solenoid (CS) coil and a poloidal field (PF) coil, etc. The CS coil is also called an ohm coil. The current change of the ohm coil provides the volt-seconds required to generate, establish and maintain the plasma current (based on the transformer principle, volt-seconds is the unit of magnetic flux). The poloidal magnetic field generated by the poloidal magnetic field coil controls the cross-sectional shape and position balance of the plasma; the toroidal magnetic field generated by the toroidal magnetic field coil ensures the macroscopic overall stability of the plasma; the toroidal magnetic field and the poloidal magnetic field generated by the plasma current together constitute a magnetic field configuration of magnetic field line rotation transformation and magnetic surface structure nesting to constrain the plasma. Through this series of control of the plasma by the magnetic field, the plasma can reach the fusion reaction conditions to cause a nuclear fusion reaction. Since the realization of the nuclear fusion reaction depends on the magnetic field generated by each coil, the structural stability of each coil and the stability of the magnetic field formed during the working process will directly affect the effect of the nuclear fusion reaction.

[0016] The coil structure (such as a toroidal magnetic field coil or a poloidal magnetic field coil) includes a coil frame and a coil winding sleeved on the coil frame, and the coil winding is usually made of a high-temperature superconducting tape wound on the coil frame. Compared with traditional coil preparation materials such as copper or aluminum, the high-temperature superconducting tape has a higher current density and can generate a stronger magnetic field, thereby ensuring the overall stability of the plasma in the nuclear fusion reaction device. The high-temperature superconducting tape has strict requirements on the ambient temperature in which it is located. The ambient temperature required for the high-temperature superconducting tape during the flow process is relatively low. For example, it needs to be in a low temperature environment below 77K (Kelvin) to ensure that the resistance of the high-temperature superconducting tape is small and can withstand a higher current, thereby generating a magnetic field that meets the requirements, and correspondingly making the overall working stability of the coil structure higher. The structural stability of the high-temperature superconducting tape during the winding process and the working process will also affect the working stability of the coil structure.

[0017] The embodiment of the present application provides a coil skeleton, which can ensure that the coil winding it carries is in a low-temperature environment, thereby improving the working stability of the coil winding, and correspondingly improving the nuclear fusion reaction effect, and the structure of the coil skeleton is relatively simple. The embodiment of the present application also relates to a coil structure and a nuclear fusion reaction device. The coil structure may include the coil skeleton, and the nuclear fusion reaction device may include the coil structure, such as the coil structure can be used as a toroidal magnetic field coil and a poloidal magnetic field coil in a nuclear fusion reaction device. The coil structure in the embodiment of the present application can be used in a spherical tokamak, that is, the nuclear fusion reaction device can be a spherical tokamak.

[0018] Figure 1is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coil skeleton provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another coil skeleton provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 It can be a schematic diagram of a target cross section of the coil skeleton, and the target cross section can be a plane perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the coil skeleton. Figure 1 As shown, the coil frame 10 is in a ring shape. In the embodiment of the present application, the coil frame is a coil frame in a toroidal magnetic field coil, and its D-shaped ring shape is taken as an example.

[0019] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 The coil skeleton 10 may include a first skeleton part 101 and a second skeleton part 102. The first skeleton part 101 and the second skeleton part 102 are both annular structures, and the second skeleton part 102 is sleeved on the outer ring surface of the first skeleton part 101. The first skeleton part 101 may be an annular cylinder, and the second skeleton part 102 may be an annular plate.

[0020] The annular structure may include an outer annular surface and an inner annular surface, and two side surfaces connecting the outer annular surface and the inner annular surface respectively. In the radial direction, the distance between the outer annular surface and the inner annular surface may be referred to as the annular width of the annular structure, and the distance between the two side surfaces may be referred to as the height or thickness of the annular structure. In the embodiment of the present application, when the annular width of the annular structure is less than the distance between the two side surfaces, the annular structure may be considered to be an annular cylindrical shape, in which case the distance between the two side surfaces may be referred to as the height of the annular structure. When the annular width of the annular structure is greater than (or much greater than) the distance between the two side surfaces, the annular structure may be considered to be an annular plate shape, in which case the distance between the two side surfaces may be referred to as the thickness of the annular structure. For example, in the implementation of the present application, the distance between the two side surfaces in the first skeleton portion 101 is referred to as the height of the first skeleton portion 101, and the distance between the two side surfaces in the second skeleton portion 102 is referred to as the thickness of the second skeleton portion 102.

[0021] In the embodiment of the present application, the inner annular surface of the second skeleton part 102 is fitted with the outer annular surface of the second skeleton part 102, and the size of the inner annular surface of the second skeleton part 102 can be the same as the size of the outer annular surface of the second skeleton part. The thickness of the second skeleton part 102 is less than the height of the first skeleton part 101. In some embodiments, the second skeleton part 102 can be located at the midline position of the outer annular surface of the first skeleton part 101 to ensure that the areas of the first skeleton part 101 located on both sides of the second skeleton part 102 are the same size.

[0022] In one embodiment, the height of the first skeleton part 101 ranges from 0.25×66 mm to 10×66 mm, such as 66 mm; the ring width of the first skeleton part 101 ranges from 0.25×12 mm to 10×12 mm, such as 12 mm. The overall width of the first skeleton part 101 ranges from 0.25×652 mm to 10×652 mm, such as 652 mm; the overall height ranges from 0.25×1.41 m to 14.1 m, such as 1.41 m. For example, the overall width refers to the distance between the two farthest ends of the outer annular surface of the first skeleton part 101 in the first direction, and the overall height refers to the distance between the two farthest ends of the outer annular surface of the first skeleton part 101 in the second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0023] In one embodiment, the thickness of the second skeleton part 102 ranges from 0.25×12 mm to 10×12 mm, such as 12 mm; the ring width of the second skeleton part 102 ranges from 0.25×60 mm to 10×60 mm, such as 60 mm. The overall width of the second skeleton part 102 ranges from 0.25×772 mm to 10×772 mm, such as 772 mm; the overall height ranges from 0.25×1.53 m to 15.3 m, such as 1.53 m. For example, the overall width refers to the distance between the two farthest ends of the outer annular surface of the second skeleton part 102 in the first direction, and the overall height refers to the distance between the two farthest ends of the outer annular surface of the second skeleton part 102 in the second direction. It should be noted that the sizes of various components involved in the embodiments of the present application are all examples, and can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0024] The first skeleton part 101 can use its outer annular surface to carry the coil winding. The coil winding can be obtained by winding a high-temperature superconducting tape on the outer annular surface of the first skeleton part 101, and the coil winding is used to generate a magnetic field. For example, the width of the superconducting tape can be 12 mm, and accordingly the width of the coil winding can be 12 mm.

[0025] A cooling channel T extending in the annular direction is embedded inside the first skeleton part 101 and / or the second skeleton part 102, and the cooling channel T is used to accommodate a cooling medium. The cooling medium is used to transfer cold energy to the coil skeleton 10, so as to transfer the cold energy to the coil winding, thereby achieving a cooling effect on the coil winding. The cooling medium can be a liquid, such as the cooling medium can include at least one of liquid nitrogen and liquid helium; or the cooling medium can also be a solid or gas medium, such as the cooling medium can include cold helium (which is a gas), which is not limited here. The first skeleton part 101 in the embodiment of the present application can also be called a cooling ring, and the second skeleton part 102 can also be called a cooling plate.

[0026] Figure 2Take the coil skeleton 10 in which only the second skeleton portion 102 is embedded with the cooling channel T extending in the annular direction as an example. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another coil skeleton provided in an embodiment of the present application, and Figure 3 Also shown is a schematic diagram of the target cross section of the coil skeleton. Figure 3 As shown, the first frame part 101 and the second frame part 102 of the coil frame 10 may both be embedded with cooling channels T. In some embodiments, the cooling channels T extending in the annular direction may be embedded only in the first frame part 101 of the coil frame 10 .

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a coil structure provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, the coil structure may include a coil frame 10 and at least two coil windings 20. The coil windings 20 are wound on a first frame portion 101 of the coil frame 10, and the at least two coil windings 20 are respectively located on both sides of a second frame portion 102. The at least two coil windings 20 may be electrically connected, such as electrode ends (i.e., terminals of superconducting tapes) of adjacent coil windings 20 may be connected. Figure 4 Taking the coil structure including two coil windings 20 as an example, the number of the coil windings 20 may also be three, four or even more, which is not limited here. Figure 4 Taking the example that the outermost side of the coil winding 20 is flush with the outer annular surface of the second skeleton portion 102 , in some embodiments, the outermost side of the coil winding 20 may also be lower than the outer annular surface of the second skeleton portion 102 .

[0028] In some embodiments, at least one side of the second skeleton portion 102 has a plurality of coil windings 20 to ensure that the engineering current density of the coil structure is high and a sufficiently strong magnetic field is generated. Insulating strips may be provided between adjacent coil windings 20 in the plurality of coil windings 20 to insulate the coil windings 20. Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of another coil structure provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 For example, the coil structure includes four coil windings 20, and two coil windings 20 can be provided on each side of the second frame part 102. The two coil windings 20 on each side of the second frame part 102 can form a double pancake coil. Figure 5 As shown, the coil structure may further include two splitter plates 30 respectively located on both sides of the second frame portion 102, each splitter plate 30 being located between two coil windings 20. The splitter plates 30 are also annular, and the shape and size of the splitter plates 30 must match the shape and size of the coil frame 10.

[0029] For example, the lane divider 30 may be an epoxy board or an insulating G10 board. The G10 board is a high-performance composite material, belonging to a glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin laminate. The G10 board is formed by impregnating multiple layers of glass fiber cloth with epoxy resin and then pressing them under high temperature and high pressure.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present application, the coil winding 20 needs to be insulated from the coil frame 10 to prevent the current from being transmitted to the coil frame 10 and affecting the working stability and safety of the coil winding 20. In some embodiments, please continue to refer to Figure 5 The coil structure may further include an insulating plate 40, which is located between the second frame portion 102 and the coil winding 20 to insulate the coil winding 20 from the side of the coil frame 10. The insulating plate 40 is also an annular plate structure. For example, the insulating plate 40 may be made of epoxy resin, and the insulating plate 40 is an epoxy plate. The insulating plate 40 may also be made of a metal plate (such as a copper metal plate) with an insulating material attached to the surface, so as to assist in better cooling.

[0031] The thickness of the insulating plate 40 ranges from 0.5 mm to 2 mm, such as 1 mm. The thickness is the distance between the two sides of the insulating plate 40. The width of the insulating plate 40 ranges from 0.25×27 mm to 270 mm, such as 27 mm. The width is also the ring width of the insulating plate 40. The width can be determined according to the number of coil turns in the coil winding 20. The more turns, the higher the height of the coil winding 20, and the wider the width of the insulating plate 40 can be, so as to ensure that all parts of the coil winding 20 are insulated. The size of the dividing plate 30 can be consistent with the size of the insulating plate 40, and the size can also be determined according to the specific number of turns of the coil winding and the coil skeleton 10.

[0032] In some embodiments, the overall width of the insulating plate 40 ranges from 0.25×706 mm to 10×706 mm, such as 706 mm; the overall height ranges from 0.25×1.464 m to 14.64 m, such as 1.464 m. The overall width refers to the distance between the two farthest ends of the outer annular surface of the annular insulating plate 40 in the first direction, and the overall height refers to the distance between the two farthest ends of the outer annular surface of the insulating plate 40 in the second direction, where the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0033] In some embodiments, an insulating layer is also attached to the outer annular surface of the first skeleton part 101 to ensure that the coil winding 20 is insulated from the coil skeleton 10 from the bottom. In some embodiments, the insulating plate 40 may not be provided, but the surface of the coil skeleton 10 (such as the side of the second skeleton part 102 and the outer annular surface of the first skeleton part 101) is plated with insulating material to form an insulating layer to achieve insulation between the coil winding 20 and the coil skeleton 10. For example, the insulating material may include Teflon, polyimide, etc. A metal plate with an insulating material attached to the surface (such as a metal plate such as copper with polyimide or Teflon attached to the surface) may also be used as the insulating plate 40, which can further improve the cooling effect of the coil.

[0034] In some embodiments, the coil frame 10 needs to be made of a material with relatively high strength to ensure stable support for the coil winding 20. The material of the coil frame 10 may include stainless steel, such as 304 stainless steel or 316L stainless steel. The material of the first frame portion 101 and the second frame portion 102 in the coil frame 10 may be the same.

[0035] In the embodiment of the present application, a cooling channel T is embedded in the coil skeleton 10, and a cooling medium is accommodated through the cooling channel T to transmit cold through the cooling medium. In this way, it can be ensured that the distance between the coil winding 20 wound on the coil skeleton 10 and the cooling medium is relatively close, and the cooling of the coil winding 20 can be achieved more effectively, ensuring that the coil winding 20 is in a low temperature environment required for its operation, thereby improving the working stability of the coil winding 20. In addition, the strip in the coil winding 20 can be limited by the second skeleton part 102 in the coil skeleton 10 during the winding process, which can be beneficial to the convenience of winding, improve the formation effect of the coil winding 20, and correspondingly improve the working reliability of the coil winding 20. In addition, the coil winding 20 is directly cooled by the coil skeleton 10, without the need to set up more other cooling structures, and the overall coil structure can be simplified.

[0036] In some embodiments, the cooling medium may be stationary in the cooling channel T. In some embodiments, the cooling medium may move in the cooling channel T. For example, if the cooling medium is liquid, the cooling medium may flow in the cooling channel T. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another coil skeleton provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 What is shown may be a schematic diagram of an auxiliary cross section of the coil frame 10, and the auxiliary cross section may be parallel to the circumferential direction of the coil frame 10. Figure 6As shown, the cooling channel T has an inlet K1 and an outlet K2 connected to an external cooling device (not shown in the figure). The cooling medium can be output from the external cooling device, enter the cooling channel T from the inlet K1 of the cooling channel T, flow through the cooling channel T and flow out from the outlet K2, such as flowing out to the external cooling device. The external cooling device can cool the cooling medium therein. During the circulation of the cooling medium in the cooling channel T, the cold can be transferred to the coil skeleton 10, and then transferred to the coil winding 20, so as to achieve a cooling effect on the coil winding 20.

[0037] like Figure 6 As shown, a cooling channel T extending in the circumferential direction is embedded inside the second skeleton part 102, and an inlet K1 and an outlet K2 of the cooling channel T are provided on the outer annular surface of the second skeleton part 102, that is, the inlet K1 and the outlet K2 are provided on the outer annular surface of the second skeleton part 102. In some embodiments, when a cooling channel T extending in the circumferential direction is embedded inside the first skeleton part 101, the inlet K1 and the outlet K2 of the cooling channel T can be provided on the side of the second skeleton part 102. Such setting of the inlet and the outlet can avoid affecting the setting of the coil winding on the skeleton structure 10.

[0038] Figure 6 Only one cooling channel T in the coil skeleton 10 is used as an example for illustration. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. Figures 2 to 5 The first skeleton part 101 and / or the second skeleton part 102 may be embedded with a plurality of cooling channels T arranged in sequence along the radial direction, and the plurality of cooling channels T may be arranged in sequence along the radial direction of the corresponding skeleton part. In the embodiment of the present application, the number of the plurality of cooling channels T is 4 as an example. The diameter and number of the cooling channels T can be determined according to the actual cooling demand.

[0039] The first skeleton part 101 and the second skeleton part 102 in the coil skeleton 10 in the embodiment of the present application can be an integral structure. Take the example that only the second skeleton part 102 is embedded with a cooling channel T extending in the annular direction. The coil skeleton 10 can be obtained by welding two annular structures with L-shaped cross-sections, such as by diffusion welding. The two annular structures can be the same, and the two annular structures are symmetrically arranged, and the surfaces close to each other are welded to obtain the coil skeleton 10.

[0040] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a ring structure provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 and Figure 7 The coil skeleton 10 can be obtained by welding two ring structures 100 with L-shaped cross sections. The two ring structures can be respectively Figure 2Two-part structure on both sides of the central axis L. Each annular structure 100 includes a first annular portion 1001 and a second annular portion 1002 connected to each other. The second annular portion 1002 is bent outward relative to the first annular portion 1001, and the first annular portion 1001 is also bent outward relative to the second annular portion 1002. The second annular portion 1002 has a plurality of grooves C extending in the annular direction. The second skeleton portion 102 in the coil skeleton 10 is formed by the second annular portions 1002 in the two annular structures 100, and each cooling channel T is surrounded by the grooves C in the two second annular portions 1002. The two grooves C in the two second annular portions 1002 are opposite to each other, and the structures at the edges of the two grooves C are welded and fixed, so that the two grooves C form a cooling channel T.

[0041] The shape of the cooling channel T is determined based on the shape of the groove C. The cross section of the groove C may be semicircular, and the cross section of the cooling channel T may be circular. In some embodiments, the cross section of the groove C may also be in other shapes, such as a triangle or a rectangle, and the shape of the cooling channel T may also be changed accordingly, which is not limited here.

[0042] In some embodiments, the first frame portion 101 of the coil frame 10 is provided with a through hole for connecting the coil winding 20 . Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a coil skeleton provided in another embodiment of the present application. Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another coil skeleton provided in another embodiment of the present application. Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 The cross-sectional diagram of the coil skeleton is shown in FIG. Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the first skeleton part 101 is provided with a connecting through hole K3 that runs through its inner annular surface and outer annular surface, and the connecting through hole K3 includes two hollow areas located on both sides of the second skeleton part 102. The connecting through hole K3 is used to pass through the electrode ends of the coil winding 20 on both sides of the second skeleton part 102, so that the coil winding 20 on both sides of the second skeleton part 102 can be electrically connected across the second skeleton part 102. The electrode ends of the coil winding 20 on both sides of the second skeleton part 102 can pass through the two hollow areas in the connecting through hole K3, respectively, and extend into the enclosed space of the inner annular surface of the coil skeleton 10, and then be connected in the space (such as by welding). In this way, the coil winding 20 can be conveniently connected across turns, which reduces the engineering difficulty, reduces the possibility of damage to the superconducting tape in the cross-turn section of the single-wire double-cake winding, and improves the preparation reliability of the coil structure.

[0043] In a nuclear fusion reactor, a magnet can be assembled by stacking multiple coil structures, and the coil windings in these coil structures can be electrically connected. For example, adjacent coil windings are connected in sequence to achieve overall electrical connection of all coil windings. In some embodiments, please continue to refer to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 At least one side edge of the first skeleton part 101 also has a connecting notch K4, and the connecting notch K4 is used to pass the electrode ends of the coil windings 20 carried by different first skeleton parts 101, so as to provide electrical connection for the coil windings 20 carried by different first skeleton parts 101.

[0044] When two coil structures are assembled, the two coil structures are stacked. The edges of the first skeleton parts 101 in the two coil structures are aligned, and the edges of the two first skeleton parts 101 can have two matching connection notches K4, and the two connection notches K4 can form a through hole. The electrode ends of the coil windings located at the edges of the two coil structures can be electrically connected through the through hole. In this way, the cross-turn connection of the coil windings during the assembly of different coil structures can be easily achieved, ensuring the simplicity and reliability of the connection.

[0045] Please continue to refer to Fig. 9 In the case where both sides of the first skeleton part 101 have connection notches K4, the connection notches K4 on both sides can be staggered to ensure the overall structural strength. Accordingly, when both sides are assembled with other coil structures, the connection positions of the electrode ends of the coil windings on both sides can be staggered.

[0046] In one embodiment, the connecting through hole K3 in the first skeleton part 101 may be in the shape of an elongated strip, such as having a width ranging from 0.25×38 mm to 380 mm, such as 38 mm, and a length ranging from 0.25×123 mm to 10×123 mm, such as 123 mm. Figure 8 and 9 As shown, the connecting through hole K3 can be in a runway shape to ensure that the edge of the through hole is relatively smooth on the basis of a large through hole length to avoid damage to the superconducting tape. In some implementations, the shape of the connecting through hole K3 can also be an ellipse or a rectangle. In one embodiment, the shape and size of the connecting notch K4 in the first skeleton part 101 can be half of the connecting through hole K3. The shape and size of the connecting through hole K3 and the connecting notch K4 can be adjusted according to actual needs to ensure space during the bridging welding process.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present application, the specific shape and size of the coil skeleton 10 can be determined based on its ring diameter ratio. The coil skeleton 10 can be proportionally increased or reduced on the basis of ensuring that the ring diameter ratio remains unchanged, so as to obtain coil skeletons 10 of different sizes to be suitable for different nuclear fusion reaction devices. For example, the scaling between 0.25 and 10 times is performed on the basis of a certain set size. When scaling, the central angle of each curved part in the coil skeleton 10 remains unchanged, and only the size is scaled. Similarly, to match the coil skeleton 10, the coil winding 20, the insulating plate 30 and the dividing plate can also be scaled in size synchronously with the coil skeleton 10. The specific shape and size of the coil skeleton 10 are exemplarily introduced below.

[0048] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of a simple shape of a coil frame provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.10 As shown, the coil skeleton 10 is D-shaped as a whole, and the coil skeleton 10 can be regarded as formed by connecting multiple skeleton segments end to end in sequence. The second skeleton portion 102 in the coil skeleton 10 includes a first skeleton arc segment D1, a first vertex segment D2, a second vertex segment D3, a second skeleton arc segment D4, a third vertex segment D5 and a fourth vertex segment D6 connected end to end in sequence. In the embodiment of the present application, each skeleton segment can be an arc segment, so that during the winding process of the superconducting tape, a stable tension can be maintained at various locations on the coil skeleton 10, ensuring good contact between adjacent turns of the obtained coil, avoiding the problem of loose coil caused by multiple hot and cold cycles of the coil, protecting the tape from damage and improving the self-protection ability of the coil.

[0049] For example, the radius of the first skeleton arc segment D1 ranges from 0.25×4000 mm to 10×4000 mm, and the center angle is 21.78 degrees; for example, the radius of the first skeleton arc segment D1 is 4000 mm. The coil skeleton 10 can be symmetrical about its axis J, and the parameters of the first vertex segment D2 and the fourth vertex segment D6 can be the same, and the parameters of the second vertex segment D3 and the third vertex segment D5 can also be the same. For any vertex segment of the first vertex segment D2 and the fourth vertex segment D6, the radius of the vertex segment ranges from 0.25×200 mm to 10×200 mm, and the center angle is 60 degrees; for example, the radius of the vertex segment is 200 mm. For any vertex segment of the second vertex segment D3 and the third vertex segment D5, the radius of the vertex segment is in the range of 0.25×162.89 mm to 10×162.89 mm, and the center angle is 45 degrees; for example, the radius of the vertex segment is 162.89 mm. The radius of the second skeleton arc segment D4 is in the range of 0.25×1000 mm to 10×1000 mm, and the center angle is 140 degrees. For example, the radius of the second skeleton arc segment D4 is 1000 mm.

[0050] The radius and center angle of the circle illustrated here in the embodiment of the present application are all described for the outer annular surface of the second skeleton part 102. That is, the radius and center angle of each arc segment mentioned above refer to the radius and center angle of the partial arc area in the outer annular surface. The specific dimensions of each arc surface of the first skeleton part 101 and the cooling channel T in the coil skeleton 10 can be obtained by proportional scaling according to the outer annular surface of the second skeleton part 102, which will not be elaborated here. The specific dimensions of the coil skeleton 10 are not limited to the dimensions specified in this example, and can be determined according to specific needs.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, the first skeleton part 101 and the second skeleton part 102 in the coil skeleton 10 are integrated, and the overall structure is simple, ensuring that the coil skeleton 10 has a high structural strength. A welding area (i.e., the connecting through hole K3 and the connecting notch K4) is reserved on the first skeleton part 101 to facilitate the welding of the pancake joints of the coil winding and reduce damage to the superconducting tape across the turn section. The cooling channel T is reserved in the second skeleton part 102, which can greatly improve the overall cooling effect of the coil structure. In addition, a double pancake coil can be wound on both sides of the second skeleton part 102, so that the proportion of the superconducting domain cross-section to the entire coil cross-section can be increased, and the engineering current density can be increased, so that in the D-type coil of equal volume, the integrated coil can have a higher magnetic field strength; it can also make the structure of the formed nuclear fusion reaction device more compact, and the construction, operation and maintenance costs are lower.

[0052] In summary, the coil skeleton provided in the embodiment of the present application has a first skeleton part and a second skeleton part that are nested with each other, the coil winding can be wound on the first skeleton part, and a cooling channel is set in the first skeleton part and / or the second skeleton part for the circulation of the cooling medium. This is equivalent to using the coil skeleton directly as a cooling device. The distance between the cooling medium and the coil winding is relatively close, which can have a better cooling effect on the coil winding, ensure the working reliability of the coil winding, and accordingly improve the fusion reaction effect of the nuclear fusion reaction device where the coil winding is located.

[0053] It should be noted that the coil skeleton can be applied to any coil structure including a skeleton and a coil wound on the skeleton (such as a coil formed by a superconducting tape). In some embodiments, the coil structure can be used as a coil in a nuclear fusion reaction device, such as a poloidal magnetic field coil and a toroidal magnetic field coil. In some embodiments, the coil structure can also be used as a coil in other devices.

[0054] The embodiment of the present application also provides a nuclear fusion reaction device, which includes: a reaction chamber, a central solenoid coil, a poloidal magnetic field coil and a toroidal magnetic field coil. At least one of the poloidal magnetic field coil and the toroidal magnetic field coil includes an upper Figure 3 or Figure 4The coil structure shown in FIG. 1 can be a plurality of toroidal magnetic field coils in the nuclear fusion reaction device, and the plurality of toroidal magnetic field coils surround the reaction chamber in the toroidal direction of the reaction chamber.

[0055] Since the coil structure has high working stability, the coil in the nuclear fusion reaction device can be guaranteed to have high working stability, and accordingly the nuclear fusion reaction device can be guaranteed to achieve better nuclear fusion reaction effect.

[0056] The above describes specific embodiments of the present application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0057] Those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present application. In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and for parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0058] The preferred embodiments of the present application disclosed above are only used to help explain the present application. The optional embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the present application to the specific implementation methods described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of the present application. The present application selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present application well.

Claims

1. A coil skeleton, characterized in that: It comprises a first frame part and a second frame part, wherein the first frame part is in an annular cylindrical shape, the second frame part is in an annular plate shape, and the second frame part is sleeved on the outer annular surface of the first frame part; The first skeleton part is used to carry the coil winding by using the outer annular surface; A cooling channel extending in a circumferential direction is embedded in the first skeleton part and / or the second skeleton part, and the cooling channel is used to accommodate a cooling medium.

2. The coil frame according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling channel has an inlet and an outlet connected to an external cooling device; The cooling medium enters the cooling channel from the inlet of the cooling channel, flows through the cooling channel and flows out from the outlet.

3. The coil frame according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cooling channel extending in a circumferential direction is embedded in the first skeleton part, and an inlet and an outlet of the cooling channel are provided on the side surface of the second skeleton part; And / or, a cooling channel extending in a circumferential direction is embedded in the interior of the second skeleton part, and an inlet and an outlet of the cooling channel are provided on the outer annular surface of the second skeleton part.

4. The coil skeleton according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first skeleton portion is provided with a connecting through hole penetrating the inner annular surface and the outer annular surface, and the connecting through hole includes two hollow areas respectively located on both sides of the second skeleton portion; The connecting through holes are used to pass through the electrode ends of the coil windings on both sides of the second frame part, so that the coil windings on both sides of the second frame part can be electrically connected across the second frame part.

5. The coil frame according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least one side edge of the first frame part further has a connection gap, and the connection gap is used to pass the electrode ends of the coil windings carried by different first frame parts so as to provide electrical connection for the coil windings carried by different first frame parts.

6. The coil skeleton according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A cooling channel extending in a circumferential direction is embedded in the second skeleton part, and the coil skeleton is obtained by welding two annular structures with L-shaped cross sections; Each of the annular structures comprises a first annular portion and a second annular portion connected to each other, the second annular portion is bent outward relative to the first annular portion, and the second annular portion has a plurality of grooves extending in an annular direction; The second skeleton portion is formed by the second annular portions in the two annular structures, and each of the cooling channels is surrounded by grooves in two of the second annular portions.

7. The coil skeleton according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A plurality of cooling channels arranged in sequence along the radial direction are embedded inside the first skeleton part and / or the second skeleton part; and / or, an insulating layer is attached to the outer annular surface of the first skeleton part; and / or, The coil skeleton is D-shaped, and the second skeleton portion includes a first skeleton arc segment, a first vertex segment, a second vertex segment, a second skeleton arc segment, a third vertex segment, and a fourth vertex segment connected end to end in sequence; The radius of the first skeleton arc segment ranges from 0.25×4000 mm to 10×4000 mm, and the central angle is 21.78 degrees; For any vertex angle segment of the first vertex angle segment and the fourth vertex angle segment, the radius of the vertex angle segment ranges from 0.25×200 mm to 10×200 mm, and the central angle is 60 degrees; For any vertex angle segment of the second vertex angle segment and the third vertex angle segment, the radius of the vertex angle segment ranges from 0.25×162.89 mm to 10×162.89 mm, and the central angle is 45 degrees; The radius of the second skeleton arc segment ranges from 0.25×1000 mm to 10×1000 mm, and the central angle is 140 degrees.

8. A coil structure, characterized in that: A coil frame comprising any one of claims 1 to 7, and at least two coil windings wound on a first frame portion of the coil frame; The at least two coil windings are respectively located on both sides of the second frame portion of the coil frame.

9. The coil structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also included is an insulating plate, the insulating plate being located between the second skeleton portion and the coil winding; And / or, at least one side of the second skeleton portion has a plurality of coil windings, and the toroidal magnetic field coil further includes an insulating dividing plate, and the dividing plate is located between adjacent coil windings among the plurality of coil windings; And / or, the first skeleton part is provided with a connecting through hole penetrating the inner annular surface and the outer annular surface, the connecting through hole includes two hollow areas respectively located on both sides of the second skeleton part, and the coil windings on both sides of the second skeleton part are electrically connected through the connecting through hole.

10. A nuclear fusion reaction device, characterized in that: include: a reaction chamber, a central solenoid coil, a poloidal magnetic field coil, and a toroidal magnetic field coil; At least one of the poloidal magnetic field coil and the toroidal magnetic field coil comprises the coil structure according to claim 8 or 9.

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