Tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching

Abstract

The invention discloses a tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching, and relates to the technical field of communication. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, generating a corresponding off-axis angle data pair according to a three-dimensional directional diagram of an antenna and a tracking precision requirement, calculating a four-quadrant arc tangent characteristic of the off-axis angle data pair, stopping tracking after the antenna points to an angular position where a signal intensity maximum value is located, and turning into an angular position guiding mode; and when the signal intensity reduces the tracking precision requirement, single elliptical orbit scanning is executed. And finally, according to the data recorded in the scanning process, matching four-quadrant arc tangent characteristics of the off-axis angle data pair, calculating the angle deviation between the elliptical scanning rotation center angle position and the maximum signal intensity angle position, and driving the antenna to point to the maximum signal intensity angle position. According to the invention, the mechanical wear is effectively relieved, the power consumption is reduced, and the precision and efficiency of tracking the maximum signal by the antenna are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching. Background Art

[0002] The main goal of signal tracking is to ensure that a specific signal source can be accurately captured and locked in various complex environments. This process plays a vital role in the fields of communication, navigation, radar, etc. Through signal tracking, continuous monitoring of the target can be achieved, ensuring the stability and reliability of information transmission, thereby improving the overall performance and efficiency of the system. When using antennas to track signals, due to reasons such as signal source position drift and inertial navigation device attitude drift, it is often necessary to use single pulse, conical scanning, stepping and other tracking methods to ensure the long-term stable tracking performance of the signal. At the same time, it also brings problems such as mechanical wear of the antenna rotation mechanism and increased power consumption. When the antenna is used statically or in low dynamics and the tracking accuracy requirement is not high, the traditional approach is to set a tracking threshold, start step tracking after the received signal is lower than the tracking threshold, stop tracking after finding the maximum value, and repeat. Although this method alleviates the problem of mechanical wear to a certain extent, it has the problem of low execution efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes a tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching. The method effectively alleviates mechanical wear, reduces power consumption, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of antenna tracking of the maximum signal.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching comprises the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: According to the three-dimensional radiation pattern of the antenna and the tracking accuracy TP, obtain M sets of evenly distributed off-axis angle data pairs (θ i ,φ i ), i=0, 1, 2, 3,..., M-1;

[0007] Among them, the off-axis angle data pair (θ i ,φ i ) The corresponding antenna signal strength is P max -TP,P max is the maximum value of antenna signal strength;

[0008] Step 2: Calculate the M sets of off-axis angle data pairs (θ i ,φ i )’s four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristic;

[0009] Step 3: The antenna points to the maximum signal strength P max After the angular position is determined, it switches to the angular position guidance mode;

[0010] Step 4: When the signal strength drops to P max -TP, a single elliptical track scan is performed, and the angular position and signal strength data of each track scan point are recorded;

[0011] Step 5, in a single elliptical trajectory scan, respectively record the angular positions corresponding to the maximum signal intensity and the minimum signal intensity, and calculate the four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristics at the off-axis angular center positions corresponding to the two angular positions;

[0012] Step 6, match the four-quadrant inverse tangent features obtained in step 5 with the M groups of four-quadrant inverse tangent features in step 2, calculate the antenna angular position deviation value according to the off-axis angle data pair corresponding to the matched four-quadrant inverse tangent features, and drive the antenna to correct the angular position, then return to step 3 to complete the tracking based on antenna pattern feature matching.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific method of step 2 is:

[0014] η i = atan2(φ i ,θ i );

[0015] Among them, η i is the off-axis angle data pair (θ i ,φ i ), atan2(·) represents the four-quadrant inverse tangent.

[0016] Furthermore, the specific method of step 4 is:

[0017] Step 401: When the signal strength decreases to P max At -TP, the antenna is driven to move from the angular position (A, E) to the angular position (A′, E):

[0018]

[0019] Among them, the angular position (A, E) is the time when the antenna signal strength decreases to P max -The actual angular position at TP, A represents the antenna azimuth, E represents the antenna elevation; the actual value of (A, E) is unknown; δ A is the antenna azimuth scanning amplitude, δ A The value of is 1 / 15 to 1 / 5 of the antenna azimuth half-power beamwidth;

[0020] Step 402, driving the angular position of the antenna in the sequence (A k , Ek ) to complete a single elliptical trajectory scan:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, δ E is the antenna pitch scanning amplitude, δ E The value of is 1 / 15 to 1 / 5 of the antenna elevation half-power beamwidth; (A k , E k ) is the angular position of the k+1th track scanning point in a single elliptical track scanning, N is the total number of track scanning points in a single elliptical track scanning, and N is an even number, and then the angular position (A k , E k ) corresponding to the signal strength.

[0023] Furthermore, the specific method of step 5 is:

[0024] Step 501: Based on the signal strength of each track scanning point in a single elliptical track scanning of the antenna, the angular position corresponding to the maximum signal strength is recorded as (A 1 , E 1 ), the angular position corresponding to the minimum signal strength is recorded as (A 2 , E 2 );

[0025] Step 502, respectively calculate the angular position (A 1 , E 1 ) and angular position (A 2 , E 2 ) corresponding to the off-axis angle data pair (θ 1 ,φ 1 ) and (θ 2 ,φ 2 ):

[0026]

[0027] Wherein, n = 1, 2;

[0028] Step 503, calculate the off-axis angle (θ 1 ,φ 1 ) and (θ 2 ,φ 2 ) The four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristic η at the center:

[0029] η=atan2(φ 2 -φ 1 ,θ 2 -θ 1 ).

[0030] Furthermore, the specific method of step 6 is:

[0031] Step 601, respectively calculate (η-η i ) 2 , i=0, 1, 2, 3, ..., M-1; select η corresponding to the minimum calculation result i , and record the off-axis angle data pair as (θ min ,φ min );

[0032] Step 602: Calculate the antenna azimuth pointing deviation angle Δ A Deviation angle Δ from the antenna elevation pointing E :

[0033]

[0034] Step 603: drive the antenna to point to the angular position (A+Δ A , E+Δ E ), then return to step 3 to complete the tracking based on antenna pattern feature matching.

[0035] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0036] 1. After the antenna is adjusted to the angular position where the signal strength reaches the peak, the system stops dynamic tracking and switches to the energy-saving angular position guidance mode. This transition reduces antenna wear, reduces power consumption, improves energy efficiency, extends equipment life, reduces maintenance costs, optimizes and improves system stability and reliability, and ensures performance consistency.

[0037] 2. When the signal strength reduces the tracking accuracy threshold, the present invention performs an elliptical trajectory scan and uses the antenna pattern feature matching method to determine the angular deviation between the elliptical scanning rotation center angular position and the maximum signal strength angular position, and then adjusts the antenna pointing to align with the maximum signal strength angular position, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of the antenna tracking the maximum signal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 The antenna beam pattern of a tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a single elliptical trajectory scan in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of single elliptical trajectory scanning and beam pointing correction in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] A tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching comprises the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: According to the three-dimensional radiation pattern of the antenna and the tracking accuracy TP, obtain M sets of evenly distributed off-axis angle data pairs (θ i ,φ i ), i=0, 1, 2, 3,..., M-1;

[0044] Among them, the off-axis angle data pair (θ i ,φ i ) The corresponding antenna signal strength is P max -TP,P max is the maximum value of antenna signal strength;

[0045] Specifically, Figure 1 The antenna beam pattern in this embodiment is shown, and the tracking accuracy TP in this embodiment is 1dB;

[0046] Step 2: Calculate the M sets of off-axis angle data pairs (θ i ,φ i )’s four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristic;

[0047] Step 3: The antenna points to the maximum signal strength P max After the angular position is determined, it switches to the angular position guidance mode;

[0048] Step 4: When the signal strength drops to P max -TP, a single elliptical track scan is performed, and the angular position and signal strength data of each track scan point are recorded;

[0049] Step 5, in a single elliptical trajectory scan, respectively record the angular positions corresponding to the maximum signal intensity and the minimum signal intensity, and calculate the four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristics at the off-axis angular center positions corresponding to the two angular positions;

[0050] Step 6, match the four-quadrant inverse tangent features obtained in step 5 with the M groups of four-quadrant inverse tangent features in step 2, calculate the antenna angular position deviation value according to the off-axis angle data pair corresponding to the matched four-quadrant inverse tangent features, and drive the antenna to correct the angular position, then return to step 3 to complete the tracking based on antenna pattern feature matching.

[0051] Furthermore, the specific method of step 2 is:

[0052] η i = atan2(φ i ,θ i );

[0053] Among them, η iis the off-axis angle data pair (θ i ,φ i ), atan2(·) represents the four-quadrant inverse tangent.

[0054] Furthermore, the specific method of step 4 is:

[0055] Step 401: When the signal strength decreases to P max At -TP, the antenna is driven to move from the angular position (A, E) to the angular position (A′, E):

[0056]

[0057] Among them, the angular position (A, E) is the time when the antenna signal strength decreases to P max -The actual angular position at TP, A represents the antenna azimuth, E represents the antenna elevation; the actual value of (A, E) is unknown; δ A is the antenna azimuth scanning amplitude, δ A The value of is 1 / 15 to 1 / 5 of the antenna azimuth half-power beamwidth;

[0058] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , a schematic diagram of a single elliptical trajectory scan in this embodiment is shown. Point A in the figure is when the signal strength of the antenna is reduced to P max -The actual angular position (A, E) at TP; point B in the figure is the angular position (A′, E);

[0059] Step 402, driving the angular position of the antenna in the sequence (A k , E k ) to complete a single elliptical trajectory scan:

[0060]

[0061] Among them, δ E is the antenna pitch scanning amplitude, δ E The value of is 1 / 15 to 1 / 5 of the antenna elevation half-power beamwidth; (A k , E k ) is the angular position of the k+1th track scanning point in a single elliptical track scanning, N is the total number of track scanning points in a single elliptical track scanning, and N is an even number, and then the angular position (A k , E k ) corresponding to the signal strength.

[0062] Furthermore, the specific method of step 5 is:

[0063] Step 501: Based on the signal strength of each track scanning point in a single elliptical track scanning of the antenna, the angular position corresponding to the maximum signal strength is recorded as (A1 , E 1 ), the angular position corresponding to the minimum signal strength is recorded as (A 2 , E 2 );

[0064] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, point C2 in the figure is the angular position (A 1 , E 1 ); Point C1 in the figure is the angular position (A 2 , E 2 ); Point O in the figure is the maximum signal strength P pointed by the antenna max The angular position of Figure 3 The small ellipse where the midpoints C1 and C2 are located is Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a single elliptical trajectory scan in , Figure 3 The large ellipse where the midpoint A is located is the area where the signal strength decreases to P max -1dB directivity diagram, that is Figure 1 The black line on the center directional diagram represents the data; M groups of off-axis angle data pairs (θ i ,φ i ) are evenly distributed on the large ellipse, M>100;

[0065] Step 502, respectively calculate the angular position (A 1 , E 1 ) and angular position (A 2 , E 2 ) corresponding to the off-axis angle data pair (θ 1 ,φ 1 ) and (θ 2 ,φ 2 ):

[0066]

[0067] Wherein, n = 1, 2;

[0068] Step 503, calculate the off-axis angle (θ 1 ,φ 1 ) and (θ 2 ,φ 2 ) The four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristic η at the center:

[0069] η=atan2(φ 2 -φ 1 ,θ 2 -θ 1 ).

[0070] Furthermore, the specific method of step 6 is:

[0071] Step 601, respectively calculate (η-η i )2 , i=0, 1, 2, 3, ..., M-1; select η corresponding to the minimum calculation result i , and record the off-axis angle data pair as (θ min ,φ min );

[0072] Step 602: Calculate the antenna azimuth pointing deviation angle Δ A Deviation angle Δ from the antenna elevation pointing E :

[0073]

[0074] Step 603: drive the antenna to point to the angular position (A+Δ A , E+Δ E ), then return to step 3 to complete the tracking based on antenna pattern feature matching.

[0075] In summary, the present invention effectively alleviates mechanical wear, reduces power consumption, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of the antenna tracking the maximum signal.

[0076] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described are intended to help readers understand the principles of the present invention, and should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: According to the three-dimensional radiation pattern of the antenna and the tracking accuracy TP, obtain M sets of evenly distributed off-axis angle data pairs (θ i ,φ i ), i=0, 1, 2, 3,..., M-1; Among them, the off-axis angle data pair (θ i ,φ i ) The corresponding antenna signal strength is P max -TP,P max is the maximum value of antenna signal strength; Step 2: Calculate the M sets of off-axis angle data pairs (θ i ,φ i )’s four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristic; Step 3: The antenna points to the maximum signal strength P max After the angular position is determined, it switches to the angular position guidance mode; Step 4: When the signal strength drops to P max -TP, a single elliptical track scan is performed, and the angular position and signal strength data of each track scan point are recorded; Step 5, in a single elliptical trajectory scan, respectively record the angular positions corresponding to the maximum signal intensity and the minimum signal intensity, and calculate the four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristics at the off-axis angular center positions corresponding to the two angular positions; Step 6, match the four-quadrant inverse tangent features obtained in step 5 with the M groups of four-quadrant inverse tangent features in step 2, calculate the antenna angular position deviation value according to the off-axis angle data pair corresponding to the matched four-quadrant inverse tangent features, and drive the antenna to correct the angular position, then return to step 3 to complete the tracking based on antenna pattern feature matching.

2. The tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method of step 2 is: or i =atan2(φ i ,the i ); Among them, η i is the off-axis angle data pair (θ i ,φ i ), atan2(·) represents the four-quadrant inverse tangent.

3. The tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific method of step 4 is: Step 401: When the signal strength decreases to P max At -TP, the antenna is driven to move from the angular position (A, E) to the angular position (A′, E): Among them, the angular position (A, E) is the time when the antenna signal strength decreases to P max -The actual angular position at TP, A represents the antenna azimuth, E represents the antenna elevation angle; the actual value of (A, E) is unknown; δ A is the antenna azimuth scanning amplitude, δ A The value of is 1 / 15 to 1 / 5 of the antenna azimuth half-power beamwidth; Step 402, driving the angular position of the antenna in the sequence (A k , E k ) to complete a single elliptical trajectory scan: Among them, δ E is the antenna pitch scanning amplitude, δ E The value of is 1 / 15 to 1 / 5 of the antenna elevation half-power beamwidth; (A k , E k ) is the angular position of the k+1th track scanning point in a single elliptical track scanning, N is the total number of track scanning points in a single elliptical track scanning, and N is an even number, and then the angular position (A k , E k ) corresponding to the signal strength.

4. The tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific method of step 5 is: Step 501: Based on the signal strength of each track scanning point in a single elliptical track scanning of the antenna, the angular position corresponding to the maximum signal strength is recorded as (A 1 , E 1 ), the angular position corresponding to the minimum signal strength is recorded as (A 2 , E 2 ); Step 502, respectively calculate the angular position (A 1 , E 1 ) and angular position (A 2 , E 2 ) corresponding to the off-axis angle data pair (θ 1 ,φ 1 ) and (θ 2 ,φ 2 ): Wherein, n = 1, 2; Step 503, calculate the off-axis angle (θ 1 ,φ 1 ) and (θ 2 ,φ 2 ) The four-quadrant inverse tangent characteristic η at the center: η=atan2(φ 2 -f 1 ,the 2 -θ 1 )。 5. The tracking method based on antenna pattern feature matching according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific method of step 6 is: Step 601, respectively calculate (η-η i ) 2 , i=0, 1, 2, 3, ..., M-1; select η corresponding to the minimum calculation result i , and record the off-axis angle data pair as (θ min ,φ min ); Step 602: Calculate the antenna azimuth pointing deviation angle Δ A Deviation angle Δ from the antenna elevation pointing E : Step 603: drive the antenna to point to the angular position (A+Δ A , E+Δ E ), then return to step 3 to complete the tracking based on antenna pattern feature matching.

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