Electromagnetic wave regulation and control metasurface reflection unit and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic wave regulation and control metasurface reflection unit and a construction method thereof, and the structure comprises a substrate which is a regular polyhedron with a certain thickness. The floor is arranged on the lower surface of the base plate. The patches are orthogonally arranged on the bottom plate to form a large cross-shaped reflection unit and small cross-shaped reflection units, one large cross-shaped reflection unit corresponds to four small cross-shaped reflection units, and the four small cross-shaped reflection units are respectively arranged in four areas divided by the large cross-shaped reflection unit in a cross-shaped manner; the sizes of the large cross-shaped reflection units in the x direction and the y direction are different, and the sizes of the small cross-shaped reflection units in the x direction and the y direction are consistent. And the isolating ring wraps the periphery of each small cross reflecting unit and is of a square frame structure. According to the invention, the cross-shaped resonator is utilized, the lengths of the sub-wavelength microstructure units corresponding to different polarization directions are adjusted, the dual-band electromagnetic wave reflection phase is regulated and controlled, x-direction and y-direction polarization reflection electromagnetic waves of different frequency points can be regulated and controlled at the same time, and nearly 360-degree reflection wave phase control is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electromagnetic functional materials, and in particular to an electromagnetic wave controlled super surface reflection unit and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the demand for mobile communication services has increased significantly, and the demand for wireless communication throughput and data transmission rate has become increasingly higher. Wireless spectrum resources are becoming increasingly scarce, and it is difficult to meet people's needs by simply expanding communication capacity by dividing new frequency bands. Generally speaking, creating more independent data channels is one of the most effective ways to solve the capacity constraints of wireless communication systems.

[0003] In order to increase the degree of multiplexing, wireless communication technology has been expanding new degrees of freedom, that is, new orthogonal "domains" that can be reused by communication users. From the time domain, frequency domain, coding domain to the space domain and polarization domain, the use of these reused orthogonal domains can greatly improve the spectrum resource utilization of wireless communication systems. Common multiplexing technologies include time division multiplexing, frequency division multiplexing, code division multiplexing, etc. All nodes of time division multiplexing require accurate clocks and periodic time calibration; frequency division multiplexing is a method of multiplexing multiple signals according to different frequencies, but both the transmitter and the receiver require a large number of carrier frequencies; code division multiplexing requires complex circuits and a high-precision synchronization system. Therefore, in-depth exploration of the reuse of wireless communication technology in the microwave frequency band is of great significance to the development of future communication technology.

[0004] As the demand for wireless communication throughput and data transmission rate increases, the problem of scarce wireless spectrum resources becomes increasingly apparent. This problem can be solved by creating more independent data channels, which requires solving the technical problem of independent control of multi-frequency dual-polarization electromagnetic waves.

[0005] Metasurfaces can flexibly control electromagnetic waves due to their special structure. In order to meet the growing communication needs, multifunctional metasurfaces have received widespread attention. At present, the research on metasurface beam multiplexing mainly focuses on dual-frequency or dual-polarization multiplexing, such as using two C-shaped resonant rings to achieve dual-frequency multiplexing of cross-polarized waves, and using Jerusalem cross rings to achieve dual-polarization multiplexing of a single frequency point.

[0006] Subwavelength metasurface structures have excellent spectrum control performance and can be used to solve the problem of scarce spectrum resources in wireless communications. However, existing metasurfaces used in wireless communications have not yet achieved dual-frequency and dual-polarization multiplexing effects, and few independent data channels have been created, which cannot solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an electromagnetic wave controlled metasurface reflection unit and a construction method thereof, so as to realize dual-frequency and dual-polarization multiplexing of a sub-wavelength metasurface structure.

[0008] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: an electromagnetic wave regulated metasurface reflection unit, comprising:

[0009] The substrate is a regular polyhedron with a certain thickness.

[0010] The floor is arranged on the lower surface of the base plate.

[0011] The patches are orthogonally arranged on the bottom plate to form a large cross reflection unit and a small cross reflection unit, wherein one large cross reflection unit corresponds to four small cross reflection units, and the four small cross reflection units are respectively in four areas divided by the cross of the large cross reflection unit; the sizes of the large cross reflection unit in the x and y directions are different, and the sizes of the small cross reflection units in the x and y directions are consistent.

[0012] The isolation ring wraps around each small cross reflection unit and has a square frame structure.

[0013] Preferably, the material used for the substrate includes at least Arlon AD430.

[0014] Preferably, the dielectric constant of the substrate is 4.3 and the loss tangent is 0.003.

[0015] Preferably, the floor and the patch are both made of metal.

[0016] Preferably, the length of the metasurface reflection unit is one third of the wavelength.

[0017] In addition to providing an electromagnetic wave controlled metasurface reflection unit, the present invention further provides a method for constructing the above-mentioned metasurface reflection unit, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0018] Step 1, designing the reflection unit structure through simulation software;

[0019] Step 2, designing a large cross reflection unit and a small cross reflection unit, wherein the large cross reflection unit controls low frequency, and the small cross reflection unit controls high frequency, and setting an isolation ring to isolate the large cross reflection unit from the small cross reflection unit;

[0020] Step 3, adjusting the size of the large cross reflection unit or the small cross reflection unit so that the reflection phase reaches a preset range and the phase changes of the two frequency points do not affect each other;

[0021] Step 4: Adjust the sizes of the large cross reflection unit and the small cross reflection unit to obtain the corresponding relationship between different phases and unit sizes.

[0022] Preferably, in step 1, the simulation software at least includes high frequency structure simulation software HFSS.

[0023] Preferably, in step 2, the operating frequency corresponding to the large cross reflection unit is 10 GHz, and the operating frequency corresponding to the small cross reflection unit is 17 GHz.

[0024] Preferably, in step 3, the preset range of the reflection phase is 290°-320°.

[0025] Preferably, in step 3, the adjustment principle of the large cross reflection unit and the small cross reflection unit is:

[0026] The adjustment is performed by grouping through the control variable method, wherein the dimensions of the large cross reflection unit in the x direction and the y direction are the first group, and the dimensions of the large cross reflection unit in the x direction and the small cross reflection unit in the x direction are the second group;

[0027] When adjusting any variable, the other variable in the same group remains unchanged.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0029] The electromagnetic wave control metasurface reflection unit and its construction method provided by the present invention adopt the deformation design of Jerusalem cross ring, use the cross-shaped resonator, and adjust the length of the sub-wavelength microstructure unit corresponding to different polarization directions to control the dual-band electromagnetic wave reflection phase. The polarized reflected electromagnetic waves in the x and y directions of different frequencies can be controlled simultaneously, and they are independent of each other and do not affect each other. When the reflection coefficient is greater than 0.9, the reflection wave phase control performance of nearly 360° is achieved.

[0030] The invention controls the reflection phase by the size of the electromagnetic microstructure, the electromagnetic wave control method is simple, and the microstructure design is simple; at the same time, the reflection coefficient is high, and high-fidelity wireless communication data can be achieved. The invention can independently control incident waves of different frequencies and different polarizations at the same time, and can simultaneously achieve dual-frequency dual-polarization multiplexing communication effects, thereby improving communication channels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electromagnetic wave controlled metasurface reflection unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A flow chart for constructing an electromagnetic wave controlled metasurface reflection unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the reflection phase of the x- and y-polarized waves of the large cross reflection unit and the patch size a in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the reflection phase of the x- and y-polarized waves of the large cross reflection unit and the patch size b in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the reflection phase of high-frequency and low-frequency x-polarized waves and the patch size a in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the reflection phase of high- and low-frequency x-polarized waves and the patch size m in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the technical solution of the present invention provides an electromagnetic wave regulated metasurface reflection unit, comprising:

[0039] The substrate is a regular polyhedron with a certain thickness.

[0040] The floor is arranged on the lower surface of the base plate.

[0041] The patches are orthogonally arranged on the bottom plate to form a large cross reflection unit and a small cross reflection unit, wherein one large cross reflection unit corresponds to four small cross reflection units, and the four small cross reflection units are respectively in four areas divided by the cross of the large cross reflection unit; the sizes of the large cross reflection unit in the x and y directions are different, and the sizes of the small cross reflection units in the x and y directions are consistent.

[0042] The isolation ring wraps around each small cross reflection unit and has a square frame structure.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, the material used for the substrate includes at least Arlon AD430. The dielectric constant of the substrate is 4.3, and the loss tangent is 0.003.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present invention, the floor and the patch are both made of metal.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present invention, the length of the metasurface reflection unit is one third of the wavelength.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, in addition to providing an electromagnetic wave regulated metasurface reflection unit, the technical solution of the present invention further provides a method for constructing the above-mentioned metasurface reflection unit, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0047] Step 1, designing the reflection unit structure through simulation software;

[0048] Step 2, designing a large cross reflection unit and a small cross reflection unit, wherein the large cross reflection unit controls low frequency, and the small cross reflection unit controls high frequency, and setting an isolation ring to isolate the large cross reflection unit from the small cross reflection unit;

[0049] Step 3, adjusting the size of the large cross reflection unit or the small cross reflection unit so that the reflection phase reaches a preset range and the phase changes of the two frequency points do not affect each other;

[0050] Step 4: Adjust the sizes of the large cross reflection unit and the small cross reflection unit to obtain the corresponding relationship between different phases and unit sizes.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for simulating and designing a reflective unit structure for step 1 and step 2 is provided, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0052] Design a reflection unit by HFSS, such as Figure 1 As shown, the operating frequencies of the large and small cross patterns are 10GHz and 17GHz respectively. The pattern material is metal, and the material used for the pattern substrate is Arlon AD430, with a dielectric constant of 4.3 and a loss tangent of 0.003. The size is adjusted so that the unit length is about one-third of the wavelength. The patch size in the x direction of the large cross pattern is a, the patch size in the y direction is b, and the patch size in the x direction of the small cross pattern is m.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for adjusting the size of the large cross unit and the small cross unit for step 3 is provided, and the principle is to adjust the size of the large cross reflection unit in the x direction and the y direction by the control variable method, wherein the size of the large cross reflection unit in the x direction and the x direction of the small cross reflection unit is the first group, and the size of the large cross reflection unit in the x direction and the size of the small cross reflection unit in the x direction is the second group; when adjusting any variable, the other variable in the same group remains unchanged. The details are as follows:

[0054] First, adjust the size a of the patch in the x direction of the large cross reflection unit, keep the size b in the y direction unchanged, and set the length range to 6.5mm-10.5mm. The phase of the x and y polarized waves changes with the length. Figure 3 Similarly, adjust the size b of the large cross-shaped patch in the y direction, keep the size a in the x direction unchanged, and set the length range to 6.5mm-10.5mm. The phase of the x and y polarized waves changes with the length. Figure 4 .

[0055] Secondly, adjust the size a of the large cross-shaped x-direction patch, set the length range to 6.5mm-10.5mm, keep the length m of the small cross-shaped x-direction patch unchanged, and the phase of the x-polarized wave at 10GHz and 17GHz changes with the length. Figure 5Similarly, the size m of the small cross-shaped x-direction patch is adjusted, and the length a of the large cross-shaped x-direction patch is kept unchanged. The length range is set to 6.5mm-10.5mm. The phase of the x-polarized wave at 10GHz and 17GHz varies with the length. Figure 6 .

[0056] The results in the above examples show that:

[0057] Assume a as a variable, the relationship between the reflection phase and the length in the x direction is as follows: Figure 3 As shown. It can be seen that with the change of a, the reflection phase of the low-frequency (10GHz) x-polarized wave changes in the range of about [-350°, -50°], and the phase difference reaches 300°, while the phase of the y-polarized wave remains basically unchanged. Similarly, let b be a variable and observe the reflection phase of the x-polarized wave and the y-polarized wave. The results are shown in Figure 4 As shown, the phase of the x-polarized wave remains basically unchanged, and the phase of the y-polarized wave varies with the length b in the range of approximately [-350°, -50°], with a phase difference of 300°.

[0058] When a low frequency (10 GHz) x-polarized wave is incident, the relationship between the reflection phase and the cross length is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it can be seen that with the change of length a, the reflection phase of the low frequency (10GHz) changes in the range of about [-360°-50°], the phase difference is about 300°, while the reflection phase of the high frequency (17GHz) basically does not change.

[0059] Similarly, m is a variable, such as Figure 6 As shown, it can be found that with the change of length m, the reflection phase of the high frequency (17 GHz) changes in the range of about [-250°~70°], while the reflection phase of the low frequency (10 GHz) basically does not change.

[0060] It can be seen from this that the single-layer metasurface unit designed in the embodiment of the present invention with a cross-shaped resonator as the main component can effectively realize dual-frequency and dual-polarization multiplexing. This metasurface unit provides a new idea for the realization of various electromagnetic wave control technologies such as beam steering, electromagnetic focusing, OAM multiplexing, etc. in the future.

[0061] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic wave regulated metasurface reflection unit, characterized in that: The super surface reflection unit comprises: The substrate is a regular polyhedron with a certain thickness; A floor is arranged on the lower surface of the base plate; Patches are orthogonally arranged on the bottom plate to form a large cross reflection unit and a small cross reflection unit, wherein one large cross reflection unit corresponds to four small cross reflection units, and the four small cross reflection units are respectively in four areas divided by the cross of the large cross reflection unit; the large cross reflection unit has different sizes in the x and y directions, and the small cross reflection units have the same sizes in the x and y directions; The isolation ring wraps around each small cross reflection unit and has a square frame structure.

2. The electromagnetic wave controlled metasurface reflection unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material used for the substrate includes at least Arlon AD430.

3. The electromagnetic wave controlled metasurface reflection unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dielectric constant of the substrate is 4.3, and the loss tangent is 0.

003.

4. The electromagnetic wave controlled metasurface reflection unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floor and the patch are both made of metal.

5. The electromagnetic wave controlled metasurface reflection unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the metasurface reflection unit is one third of the wavelength.

6. A method for constructing an electromagnetic wave controlled metasurface reflection unit, characterized in that: The method is used to construct the supersurface reflection unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the method comprises the following steps: Step 1, designing the reflection unit structure through simulation software; Step 2, designing a large cross reflection unit and a small cross reflection unit, wherein the large cross reflection unit controls low frequency, and the small cross reflection unit controls high frequency, and setting an isolation ring to isolate the large cross reflection unit from the small cross reflection unit; Step 3, adjusting the size of the large cross reflection unit or the small cross reflection unit so that the reflection phase reaches a preset range and the phase changes of the two frequency points do not affect each other; Step 4: Adjust the sizes of the large cross reflection unit and the small cross reflection unit to obtain the corresponding relationship between different phases and unit sizes.

7. The method for constructing an electromagnetic wave controlled metasurface reflection unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step 1, the simulation software at least includes high frequency structure simulation software HFSS.

8. The method for constructing an electromagnetic wave controlled metasurface reflection unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step 2, the operating frequency corresponding to the large cross reflection unit is 10 GHz, and the operating frequency corresponding to the small cross reflection unit is 17 GHz.

9. The method for constructing an electromagnetic wave controlled metasurface reflection unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 3, the preset range of the reflection phase is 290°-320°.

10. The method for constructing an electromagnetic wave controlled metasurface reflection unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 3, the adjustment principle of the large cross reflection unit and the small cross reflection unit is: The adjustment is performed by grouping through the control variable method, wherein the dimensions of the large cross reflection unit in the x direction and the y direction are the first group, and the dimensions of the large cross reflection unit in the x direction and the small cross reflection unit in the x direction are the second group; When adjusting any variable, the other variable in the same group remains unchanged.

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