Perovskite thin film preparation equipment, control method and perovskite battery

Abstract

The invention provides preparation equipment of a perovskite thin film, a control method and a perovskite battery. The preparation equipment comprises a coating module used for coating a perovskite precursor solution; the extraction module is connected with the coating module and is used for extracting the perovskite precursor solution in the process of coating the perovskite precursor solution by the coating module so as to obtain a perovskite thin film; by adopting the preparation equipment, in the process of preparing the perovskite thin film in a large area, the perovskite precursor solution is extracted while the perovskite precursor solution is coated, so that the perovskite precursor solution can be promoted to be quickly converted into a perovskite dry film; the phenomenon of nonuniform solute distribution caused by flowing of the perovskite precursor solution is inhibited, the nucleation time is shortened, and the defects of the perovskite film are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular to a preparation device and a control method for a perovskite film, a perovskite cell and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the preparation method of perovskite film usually adopts the method of blade coating in combination with vacuum flash evaporation, followed by thermal annealing to complete crystallization, or adopts vacuum dry method to prepare perovskite film. In the process of preparing perovskite film by the above method, if a large area of ​​perovskite film is formed without the participation of anti-solvent, it is difficult for the perovskite solution to extract nucleation quickly, and defects are easily formed, resulting in uneven perovskite film, thus affecting commercial application. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides a perovskite film preparation device, a control method, a perovskite battery and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem of defects caused by uneven film formation of the perovskite film in the process of preparing the perovskite battery in the related art.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present application, a perovskite film preparation device is provided, including: a coating module for coating a perovskite precursor solution; an extraction module for extracting the perovskite precursor solution during the process of coating the perovskite precursor solution by the coating module to obtain a perovskite film.

[0005] Optionally, the preparation equipment further includes a feeding module, which is connected to the coating module and is used for placing the perovskite precursor solution.

[0006] Optionally, the preparation device further includes a driving module, which is connected to the coating module and is used to move the coating module along a preset direction.

[0007] Optionally, the preparation equipment further includes a heating module, and the heating module is used to heat-treat the extracted perovskite film.

[0008] Optionally, the coating rate of the coating module is 20 mm / s to 40 mm / s.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present application, a control method for a perovskite film is provided, which is applied to controlling the above-mentioned perovskite film preparation equipment, and the control method comprises the following steps: sending a first control signal to a coating module in the preparation equipment so that the coating module coats a perovskite precursor solution; sending a second control signal to an extraction module in the preparation equipment so that the extraction module extracts the perovskite precursor solution during the process of the coating module coating the perovskite precursor solution to obtain a perovskite film.

[0010] Optionally, the preparation device further includes a driving module, and the step of sending the first control signal to the coating module includes: sending a third control signal to the driving module so that the driving module controls the coating module to move along a preset direction.

[0011] Optionally, the preparation equipment further includes a heating module, and after the step of sending the second control signal to the extraction module, the control method further includes: sending a fourth control signal to the heating module so that the heating module performs heat treatment on the perovskite film.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present application, a perovskite cell is provided, comprising a perovskite film, wherein the perovskite film is prepared by the above-mentioned control method for preparing the perovskite film.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present application, a method for preparing a perovskite cell is provided, comprising: providing a substrate; forming a hole transport layer on a surface of one side of the substrate; using the above-mentioned control method for preparing a perovskite film to form a perovskite film on a side of the hole transport layer away from the substrate; forming an electron transport layer on a side of the perovskite film away from the hole transport layer; and forming an electrode layer on a side of the electron transport layer away from the perovskite film to obtain a perovskite cell.

[0014] Optionally, the thickness of the hole transport layer is 20 nm to 40 nm.

[0015] Through the technical solution of the present application, a preparation device for a perovskite film is provided, comprising a coating module and an extraction module, wherein the coating module is used to coat a perovskite precursor solution, and the extraction module is used to extract the perovskite precursor solution during the process of coating the perovskite precursor solution by the coating module, so as to obtain a perovskite film; by adopting the above-mentioned preparation device, in the process of preparing a perovskite film on a large area, the perovskite precursor solution is extracted while coating the perovskite precursor solution, thereby achieving the purpose of preliminary nucleation and crystallization, promoting the rapid conversion of the perovskite precursor solution into a perovskite dry film, inhibiting the flow of the perovskite precursor solution causing uneven distribution of the solute therein, shortening the nucleation time of the solute in the precursor solution, and reducing the defects of the perovskite film. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a perovskite film preparation device provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2is a schematic structural diagram of another perovskite film preparation device provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic flow chart of a control method for preparing a perovskite film according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a perovskite film preparation device provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a process for preparing a perovskite battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of a matrix structure after providing a substrate in a method for preparing a perovskite battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 7 is Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of a substrate structure after a hole transport layer is formed on the substrate formed in the process;

[0024] Figure 8 is Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of the substrate structure after a perovskite film is formed on the hole transport layer formed in the process;

[0025] Fig. 9 is Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of the substrate structure after an electron transport layer is formed on the perovskite film formed in the process;

[0026] Fig.10 is Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the cross-section of the substrate structure after the electrode layer is formed on the electron transport layer formed in FIG.

[0027] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0028] 10. Equipment for preparing perovskite film; 20. Substrate; 30. Coating module; 40. Extraction module; 50. Perovskite film; 60. Hole transport layer; 70. Electron transport layer; 80. Electrode layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0030] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so as to describe the embodiments of the present application described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0032] In the prior art, the preparation method of perovskite film is to use a doctor blade coating method in conjunction with vacuum flash evaporation, followed by thermal annealing to complete crystallization; or to use a vacuum dry method to prepare perovskite film. When the above method is used to form a large area of ​​perovskite film without the participation of an anti-solvent, it is difficult for the perovskite solution to quickly extract nuclei and easily form defects, resulting in an uneven perovskite film.

[0033] Therefore, research on the above issues is carried out. Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a perovskite film preparation device 10, including: a coating module for coating a perovskite precursor solution; an extraction module for extracting the perovskite precursor solution during the process of coating the perovskite precursor solution by the coating module to obtain the perovskite film.

[0034] By adopting the above-mentioned preparation equipment, in the process of preparing perovskite thin film on a large scale, the perovskite precursor solution is extracted while coating the perovskite precursor solution, thereby achieving the purpose of preliminary nucleation and crystallization, promoting the rapid conversion of the perovskite precursor solution to the perovskite dry film, inhibiting the flow of the perovskite precursor solution causing the uneven distribution of the solute therein, shortening the nucleation time of the solute in the precursor solution, and reducing the defects of the perovskite film.

[0035] In the above embodiment, the coating module of the preparation equipment coats the perovskite precursor solution on the substrate. During the coating process of the coating module, the extraction module is always in working state, and the extraction module and the coating module are bound together. When the coating module is coating, the extraction module moves synchronously with the coating module. Therefore, the perovskite precursor solution can be extracted by the extraction module as soon as it is coated on the substrate, and the solute of the precursor solution is precipitated, reducing the risk of uneven perovskite film formed due to solute flow.

[0036] In the above embodiment, the extraction module can be a thermal radiation source, which irradiates the perovskite precursor solution to cause the solute to precipitate to form a perovskite film. The substrate can be a single crystal silicon substrate, a twin crystal silicon substrate and a semi-finished battery with multiple functional layers. Those skilled in the art can reasonably select the extraction module and the substrate according to actual conditions, and this application does not make specific limitations; the temperature of the above thermal radiation source can be 100°C to 150°C.

[0037] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the preparation equipment also includes a feeding module, which is connected to the coating module and is used to place the perovskite precursor solution.

[0038] In the above optional implementation, if Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the perovskite precursor solution coated by the above coating module is supplied by the feeding module. The perovskite precursor solution is added to the feeding module in advance to provide the material when the coating module is coating.

[0039] In the above optional embodiment, PbI2, PbBr, MAI, FAI, MACl and FABr can be dissolved in a mixed solution of dimethylformamide (DMF, Dimethylformamide), dimethylformamide (DMSO, Dimethylformamide) and 2-methyl (2-Me, 2-Methyl) to form a perovskite precursor solution, which is stirred overnight and filtered for later use.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the preparation equipment also includes a driving module, which is connected to the coating module and is used to move the coating module along a preset direction.

[0041] In the above optional implementation, if Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, when the coating module is performing the coating action, it is driven by the driving module so that the coating module and the extraction module move along a certain direction at the same time.

[0042] In some optional embodiments, the coating rate of the coating module is 20 mm / s to 40 mm / s.

[0043] In the above optional implementation, the coating module is controlled to coat at a speed of 20 mm / s to 40 mm / s. During coating, the extraction module extracts the solution to obtain a perovskite film with uniform thickness. Preferably, the coating rate is 30 mm / s.

[0044] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the preparation equipment also includes a heating module, and the heating module is used to heat-treat the extracted perovskite film.

[0045] In the above optional implementation, if Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, after the extraction module extracts the solute from the perovskite precursor solution, the driving module drives the heating module of the preparation equipment to move to the perovskite film to perform heat treatment on it so that the perovskite film can be fully crystallized after annealing. The highly crystallized perovskite film can reduce defect states, reduce non-radiative recombination centers and improve the photoelectric effect of the perovskite film.

[0046] In the preparation device provided in the embodiment of the present application, the coating module is used to coat the perovskite precursor solution, and the extraction module is used to extract the perovskite precursor solution during the coating process of the coating module to obtain the perovskite film. In order to extract the perovskite precursor solution during the coating process of the perovskite precursor solution, exemplarily, as Figure 1 As shown, the coating module has a first control unit, and the extraction module has a second control unit electrically connected to the first control unit. The first control unit is used to send a start signal to the second control unit during the process of the coating module coating the above-mentioned perovskite precursor solution, so that the second control unit extracts the perovskite precursor solution upon receiving the start signal to obtain the above-mentioned perovskite film.

[0047] Specifically, in the process of coating the perovskite precursor solution using the coating component in the coating module, a start signal can be sent to the second control unit through the first control unit in the coating module to indicate that the coating component in the coating module is coating the perovskite precursor solution. After the extraction module receives the start signal through the second control unit, the extraction component in the extraction module can extract the above-mentioned perovskite precursor solution to obtain a perovskite film.

[0048] In order to extract the perovskite precursor solution during the coating process of the perovskite precursor solution, in another exemplary embodiment, as Figure 2As shown, the preparation equipment of the perovskite film also includes a processor, which is electrically connected to the coating module and the extraction module respectively, and is used to send a first control signal to the coating module so that the coating module coats the perovskite precursor solution, and send a second control signal to the extraction module so that the extraction module extracts the perovskite precursor solution during the process of the coating module coating the perovskite precursor solution to obtain the perovskite film.

[0049] Specifically, when receiving a coating signal, the processor can send a first control signal to the second control unit to indicate that the coating component in the coating module is coating the perovskite precursor solution, and send a second control signal after a preset time starting from the moment of sending the first control signal. After the extraction module receives the second control signal, the extraction component therein extracts the above-mentioned perovskite precursor solution to obtain a perovskite film.

[0050] The present application also provides a control method for preparing a perovskite film, which is applied to control the above-mentioned perovskite film preparation equipment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the above control method includes the following steps:

[0051] Step S100: sending a first control signal to a coating module in the above-mentioned preparation equipment, so that the above-mentioned coating module coats a perovskite precursor solution.

[0052] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, after the substrate 20 on which the perovskite film is to be prepared is selected, a first control signal is sent to the coating module 30 , and the coating module 30 coats the perovskite precursor solution on the substrate 20 .

[0053] Specifically, PbI2, PbBr, MAI, FAI, MACl and FABr are dissolved in a certain proportion of a mixed solution of dimethylformamide (DMF, Dimethylformamide), dimethylformamide (DMSO, Dimethylformamide) and 2-methyl (2-Me, 2-Methyl) to form a perovskite precursor solution, which is stirred overnight and filtered for later use.

[0054] Step S200: sending a second control signal to the extraction module in the preparation device, so that the extraction module extracts the perovskite precursor solution during the process of the coating module coating the perovskite precursor solution, so as to obtain the perovskite film.

[0055] Specifically, Figure 4As shown, after receiving the second control signal, the extraction module 40 extracts the perovskite precursor solution that has just been coated. The extraction module 40 can be a thermal radiation source, and the extraction temperature is 100°C to 200°C, which can effectively extract the solute in the perovskite precursor solution, and preliminarily form a perovskite film 50. Exemplarily, the second control signal is sent after a preset time length starting from the moment when the first control signal is sent.

[0056] Through the technical solution of the control method for preparing perovskite film of the present application, in the process of preparing perovskite film on a large area, the perovskite precursor solution is extracted while coating the perovskite precursor solution, so as to achieve the purpose of preliminary nucleation and crystallization, promote the rapid conversion of the perovskite precursor solution into the perovskite dry film, inhibit the flow of the perovskite precursor solution causing the uneven distribution of the solute therein, shorten the nucleation time, make the nucleation site easier to anchor, and reduce the defects of the perovskite film; the above technical solution can also be applied to a series of perovskite film preparation methods such as rod coating, slit coating, and spraying, and can realize the idea of ​​preparing commercial perovskite in air.

[0057] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the preparation device further includes a driving module, and the step of sending a first control signal to the coating module includes: sending a third control signal to the driving module so that the driving module controls the coating module to move along a preset direction.

[0058] In the above optional embodiment, since the coating module and the extraction module are in a bound state, the first control signal and the third control signal are sent to the coating module and the driving module respectively, so that the driving module drives the coating module and the extraction module to move simultaneously, and then the coating module coats the perovskite precursor solution on the substrate.

[0059] In the above optional embodiment, the extraction module needs to be in an open state for 0 to 10 minutes before moving to ensure that the surrounding environment of the coating module is in a relatively dry environment when coating the perovskite precursor solution, which can reduce the fluidity of the solution and thereby maximize the uniformity of the solute in the perovskite precursor solution, thereby reducing the defects and uniformity of the formed perovskite film.

[0060] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the preparation equipment also includes a heating module. After the step of sending the second control signal to the extraction module, the control method further includes: sending a fourth control signal to the heating module so that the heating module performs heat treatment on the perovskite film.

[0061] In the above optional embodiment, after the extraction module completes the extraction of the perovskite precursor solution, a fourth control signal is sent to the heating module, the heating module starts to heat up, and the driving module moves the heating module to the perovskite film to anneal it. After annealing, the perovskite film can be fully crystallized. The highly crystallized perovskite film can reduce defect states, reduce non-radiative recombination centers and improve the photoelectric effect of the film.

[0062] In the above optional implementation manner, the heating temperature of the heating module is 100°C to 150°C.

[0063] According to another embodiment of the present application, a perovskite cell is provided, comprising a perovskite film, which is prepared by the control method for preparing the perovskite film in the above embodiment.

[0064] The control method for preparing a perovskite film of the present application is used to extract the perovskite precursor solution while coating the perovskite precursor solution, thereby achieving the purpose of initial nucleation and crystallization of the precursor solution, promoting the rapid conversion of the perovskite precursor solution into a perovskite dry film, inhibiting the flow of the perovskite precursor solution causing uneven distribution of the solute therein, shortening the nucleation time of the solute in the precursor solution, and reducing the defects of the perovskite film.

[0065] According to another embodiment of the present application, a method for preparing a perovskite battery is also provided, such as Figure 5 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0066] Step S300: providing a substrate;

[0067] Step S400: forming a hole transport layer on one side surface of the substrate;

[0068] Step S500: using the above control method for preparing a perovskite film, forming a perovskite film on a side of the hole transport layer away from the substrate;

[0069] Step S600: forming an electron transport layer on a side of the perovskite film away from the hole transport layer;

[0070] Step S700: forming an electrode layer on the side of the electron transport layer away from the perovskite film to obtain the perovskite cell.

[0071] The perovskite film in the above-mentioned perovskite battery is prepared by the above-mentioned perovskite film preparation method, which improves the efficiency and stability of the perovskite battery. When preparing the above-mentioned perovskite film, the perovskite precursor solution is extracted while coating the perovskite precursor solution, thereby achieving the purpose of preliminary nucleation and crystallization of the precursor solution, promoting the rapid conversion of the perovskite precursor solution to the perovskite dry film, inhibiting the flow of the perovskite precursor solution to cause uneven distribution of the solute therein, shortening the nucleation time of the solute in the precursor solution, and reducing the defects of the perovskite film.

[0072] The following is a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the method for preparing a perovskite cell provided in accordance with the present application. However, these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in a variety of different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present application thorough and complete, and to fully convey the concepts of these exemplary embodiments to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0073] First, if Figure 6 As shown, step S300 is performed: providing a substrate 20 .

[0074] Specifically, Figure 6 As shown, the substrate 20 may be a single crystal silicon substrate, a double crystal silicon substrate, and a semi-finished battery having multiple functional layers, for example, the semi-finished battery includes a single crystal silicon substrate and a hole transport layer.

[0075] After the step of providing a substrate, Figure 7 As shown, step S400 is performed: a hole transport layer 60 is formed on one side surface of the substrate 20 .

[0076] Specifically, Figure 7 As shown, a hole transport layer 60 is provided on the surface of the substrate 20 , and the material of the hole transport layer may be any one or more of a polymer film, indium tin oxide and indium tin nitride.

[0077] In some optional embodiments, the hole transport layer has a thickness of 20 nm to 40 nm.

[0078] In the above optional implementation, the hole transport layer can transport holes generated at the anode while blocking the flow of electrons to ensure the normal operation of the battery. The thickness of the hole transport layer is set to 20nm to 40nm, which improves the transmission efficiency of holes at the anode of the perovskite battery and reduces the reverse flow of electrons, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and stability of the battery.

[0079] After the step of forming a hole transport layer on one side surface of the substrate, Figure 8As shown, step S500: using the above control method for preparing a perovskite film, a perovskite film 50 is formed on a side of the hole transport layer 60 away from the substrate 20 .

[0080] Specifically, Figure 8 As shown, a substrate 20 having a hole transport layer 60 is placed on a plane, and a driving module in a perovskite film preparation device is controlled to drive a coating module to coat a perovskite precursor solution on the hole transport layer 60. While coating, an extraction module extracts the precursor solution so that the solute in the precursor solution is precipitated to form a perovskite film 50. In order to ensure the film quality, a heating module in the preparation device is controlled to anneal the perovskite film 50, and finally a perovskite film 50 with uniform film thickness and no interface defects is formed on the hole transport layer 60.

[0081] After the step of forming a perovskite film on the side of the hole transport layer away from the substrate, Fig. 9 As shown, step S600 is performed: an electron transport layer 70 is formed on a side of the perovskite film 50 away from the hole transport layer 60 .

[0082] Specifically, Fig. 9 As shown, an electron transport layer 70 is formed on the perovskite film 50, and the electron transport layer 70 can effectively transport electrons and prevent the reaction between electrons and electrolytes, and can effectively transport photogenerated electrons from the photosensitive layer to the electrode, thereby generating current, reducing the recombination loss of electrons, ensuring the effective transmission of electrons, and protecting the stability of the electrolyte to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency; the material of the electron transport layer 70 can be any one or more of zinc oxide (ZnO), tin oxide (SnO2) and indium tin oxide (ITO), which is not specifically limited in this application; Fig. 9 The structure of the substrate 20 and the hole transport layer 60 is similar to Figure 8 The above description is consistent with that in the previous section and will not be repeated here.

[0083] In the above optional embodiment, a transparent conductive layer can also be prepared on the electron transport layer. The transparent conductive layer has good conductivity and can effectively transport charges and convert light energy into electrical energy. The transparent conductive layer material includes any one or more of indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide (ZnO) and indium zinc oxide (IZO).

[0084] After the step of forming an electron transport layer on the side of the perovskite film away from the hole transport layer is completed, Fig.10 As shown, step S700 is performed: an electrode layer 80 is formed on a side of the electron transport layer 70 away from the perovskite film 50 to obtain the perovskite cell.

[0085] Specifically, Fig.10As shown, an electrode layer 80 is formed on the electron transport layer 70. The material of the electrode layer can be deposited by any one of magnetron sputtering and physical vapor deposition processes. The material of the electrode layer 80 can be any one or more of Ag, Cu and Au, which is not specifically limited in this application. Fig.10 The structures of the substrate 20 and the hole transport layer 60 are similar to Fig. 9 The same is true in , so I will not repeat it here.

[0086] In the above optional embodiment, the above preparation method can also prepare stacked cells, such as, the stacked cells include a crystalline silicon bottom cell and a perovskite top cell, wherein the crystalline silicon bottom cell can be a single crystal silicon cell, a polycrystalline silicon cell and a thin film silicon cell; the above preparation method is used on the crystalline silicon bottom cell to form a perovskite top cell, and finally a stacked cell is obtained.

[0087] The preparation method of the above-mentioned perovskite battery and the perovskite battery of the present application will be specifically described below in combination with specific embodiments and comparative examples.

[0088] Example 1

[0089] This embodiment provides a perovskite film preparation device and a control method for controlling the above device to prepare a perovskite film, wherein:

[0090] Preparation equipment includes:

[0091] A coating module, an extraction module, a driving module, a feeding module and a heating module, wherein the driving module is connected to the coating module and the heating module respectively, the coating module is bound to the extraction module, and the feeding module is connected to the coating module.

[0092] Control methods include:

[0093] Sending a third control signal to the driving module so that the driving module controls the coating module to move along a preset direction and sending a first control signal to the coating module in the preparation device so that the coating module coats a perovskite precursor solution, wherein the precursor solution is a mixed solution of PbI2, PbBr, MAI, FAI, MACl and FABr dissolved in DMF, DMSO and 2-Me, and the coating rate of the coating module and the driving speed of the driving module are both 30 mm / s;

[0094] Sending a second control signal to the extraction module in the preparation device, so that the extraction module extracts the perovskite precursor solution during the process of the coating module coating the perovskite precursor solution, the extraction module being a heat radiation source with a temperature of 150° C.;

[0095] A fourth control signal is sent to the heating module to enable the heating module to perform heat treatment on the perovskite film to obtain the perovskite film. The heating temperature of the heating module is 150° C., and the thickness of the perovskite film is 100 nm.

[0096] Example 2

[0097] This embodiment provides a perovskite film preparation device and a control method for controlling the above device to prepare a perovskite film, wherein:

[0098] Preparation equipment includes:

[0099] A coating module, an extraction module, a driving module, a feeding module and a heating module, wherein the driving module is connected to the coating module and the heating module respectively, the coating module is bound to the extraction module, and the feeding module is connected to the coating module.

[0100] Control methods include:

[0101] Sending a third control signal to the driving module so that the driving module controls the coating module to move along a preset direction and sending a first control signal to the coating module in the preparation device so that the coating module coats a perovskite precursor solution, wherein the precursor solution is a mixed solution of PbI2, PbBr, MAI, FAI, MACl and FABr dissolved in DMF, DMSO and 2-Me, and the coating rate of the coating module and the driving speed of the driving module are both 20 mm / s;

[0102] Sending a second control signal to the extraction module in the preparation device, so that the extraction module extracts the perovskite precursor solution during the process of the coating module coating the perovskite precursor solution, the extraction module being a heat radiation source with a temperature of 150° C.;

[0103] A fourth control signal is sent to the heating module to enable the heating module to perform heat treatment on the perovskite film to obtain the perovskite film. The heating temperature of the heating module is 150° C., and the thickness of the perovskite film is 100 nm.

[0104] Example 3

[0105] This embodiment provides a perovskite film preparation device and a control method for controlling the above device to prepare a perovskite film, wherein:

[0106] Preparation equipment includes:

[0107] A coating module, an extraction module, a driving module, a feeding module and a heating module, wherein the driving module is connected to the coating module and the heating module respectively, the coating module is bound to the extraction module, and the feeding module is connected to the coating module.

[0108] Control methods include:

[0109] Sending a third control signal to the driving module so that the driving module controls the coating module to move along a preset direction and sending a first control signal to the coating module in the preparation device so that the coating module coats a perovskite precursor solution, wherein the precursor solution is a mixed solution of PbI2, PbBr, MAI, FAI, MACl and FABr dissolved in DMF, DMSO and 2-Me, and the coating rate of the coating module and the driving speed of the driving module are both 40 mm / s;

[0110] Sending a second control signal to the extraction module in the preparation device, so that the extraction module extracts the perovskite precursor solution during the process of the coating module coating the perovskite precursor solution, the extraction module being a heat radiation source with a temperature of 150° C.;

[0111] A fourth control signal is sent to the heating module to enable the heating module to perform heat treatment on the perovskite film to obtain the perovskite film. The heating temperature of the heating module is 150° C., and the thickness of the perovskite film is 100 nm.

[0112] Comparative Example 1

[0113] This comparative example provides a perovskite film preparation device and a control method for controlling the device to prepare the perovskite film, wherein:

[0114] Preparation equipment includes:

[0115] A coating module, a driving module, a feeding module and a heating module, wherein the driving module is connected to the coating module and the heating module respectively, and the feeding module is connected to the coating module.

[0116] Control methods include:

[0117] Sending a third control signal to the driving module so that the driving module controls the coating module to move along a preset direction and sending a first control signal to the coating module in the preparation device so that the coating module coats a perovskite precursor solution, wherein the precursor solution is a mixed solution of PbI2, PbBr, MAI, FAI, MACl and FABr dissolved in DMF, DMSO and 2-Me, and the coating rate of the coating module and the driving speed of the driving module are both 30 mm / s;

[0118] A second control signal is sent to the heating module to enable the heating module to heat-treat the perovskite precursor solution to obtain the perovskite film. The heating temperature of the heating module is 150° C., and the thickness of the perovskite film is 100 nm.

[0119] Comparative Example 2

[0120] This comparative example provides a perovskite film preparation device and a control method for controlling the device to prepare the perovskite film, wherein:

[0121] Preparation equipment includes:

[0122] A coating module, an extraction module, a driving module, a feeding module and a heating module, wherein the driving module is connected to the coating module and the heating module respectively, the coating module is bound to the extraction module, and the feeding module is connected to the coating module.

[0123] Control methods include:

[0124] Sending a third control signal to the driving module so that the driving module controls the coating module to move along a preset direction and sending a first control signal to the coating module in the preparation device so that the coating module coats a perovskite precursor solution, wherein the precursor solution is a mixed solution of PbI2, PbBr, MAI, FAI, MACl and FABr dissolved in DMF, DMSO and 2-Me, and the coating rate of the coating module and the driving speed of the driving module are both 10 mm / s;

[0125] Sending a second control signal to the extraction module in the preparation device, so that the extraction module extracts the perovskite precursor solution during the process of the coating module coating the perovskite precursor solution, the extraction module being a heat radiation source with a temperature of 150° C.;

[0126] A fourth control signal is sent to the heating module to enable the heating module to perform heat treatment on the perovskite film to obtain the perovskite film. The heating temperature of the heating module is 150° C., and the thickness of the perovskite film is 100 nm.

[0127] Comparative Example 3

[0128] This comparative example provides a perovskite film preparation device and a control method for controlling the device to prepare the perovskite film, wherein:

[0129] Preparation equipment includes:

[0130] A coating module, an extraction module, a driving module, a feeding module and a heating module, wherein the driving module is connected to the coating module and the heating module respectively, the coating module is bound to the extraction module, and the feeding module is connected to the coating module.

[0131] Control methods include:

[0132] Sending a third control signal to the driving module so that the driving module controls the coating module to move along a preset direction and sending a first control signal to the coating module in the preparation device so that the coating module coats a perovskite precursor solution, wherein the precursor solution is a mixed solution of PbI2, PbBr, MAI, FAI, MACl and FABr dissolved in DMF, DMSO and 2-Me, and the coating rate of the coating module and the driving speed of the driving module are both 50 mm / s;

[0133] Sending a second control signal to the extraction module in the preparation device, so that the extraction module extracts the perovskite precursor solution during the process of the coating module coating the perovskite precursor solution, the extraction module being a heat radiation source with a temperature of 150° C.;

[0134] A fourth control signal is sent to the heating module to enable the heating module to perform heat treatment on the perovskite film to obtain the perovskite film. The heating temperature of the heating module is 150° C., and the thickness of the perovskite film is 600 nm.

[0135] The performance of the perovskite battery prepared by the preparation method of the perovskite battery in the above Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested, and the test results are as follows:

[0136] Table 1

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] It can be seen from the data in the above table that the above embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects: when the extraction module is not used, the various parameters of the photovoltaic performance of the device (open circuit voltage, V oc ; Short-circuit current density, J SC ; The filling factor, FF and device efficiency PCE) are low, the quality of the perovskite film is poor and there are many defects; when the extraction module is used, all parameters of the device photovoltaic performance are optimized, and the filling factor FF is improved; to a certain extent, it can be confirmed that the surface of the perovskite film is smoother and the interface contact with the electron transport layer is improved; the open circuit voltage V oc and short-circuit current J SC The improvement confirms that the quality of the perovskite film has been optimized. Based on the use of the extraction module, the quality of the perovskite film has been optimized and the device performance has been improved.

[0140] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:

[0141] By adopting the above-mentioned perovskite film preparation equipment of the embodiment of the present application, in the process of preparing perovskite film on a large area, the perovskite precursor solution is extracted while coating the perovskite precursor solution, thereby achieving the purpose of preliminary nucleation and crystallization, and promoting the rapid conversion of the perovskite precursor solution to the perovskite dry film, inhibiting the flow of the perovskite precursor solution to cause the uneven distribution of the solute therein, shortening the nucleation time of the solute in the precursor solution, and reducing the defects of the perovskite film.

[0142] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0143] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A perovskite film preparation device, characterized in that: include: A coating module, used for coating a perovskite precursor solution; The extraction module is used to extract the perovskite precursor solution during the process of the coating module coating the perovskite precursor solution, so as to obtain the perovskite film.

2. The preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation equipment also includes a feeding module, which is connected to the coating module and is used to place the perovskite precursor solution.

3. The preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation equipment further comprises a driving module, which is connected to the coating module and is used to move the coating module along a preset direction.

4. The preparation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation equipment also includes a heating module, which is used to heat-treat the extracted perovskite film.

5. The preparation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coating rate of the coating module is 20 mm / s to 40 mm / s.

6. A control method for preparing a perovskite film, characterized in that: Applicable to controlling the preparation device of the perovskite thin film according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the control method comprises the following steps: Sending a first control signal to a coating module in the preparation device so that the coating module coats a perovskite precursor solution; A second control signal is sent to an extraction module in the preparation device, so that the extraction module extracts the perovskite precursor solution during the process of the coating module coating the perovskite precursor solution, so as to obtain the perovskite film.

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation device further includes a driving module, and the step of sending a first control signal to the coating module includes: A third control signal is sent to the driving module so that the driving module controls the coating module to move along a preset direction.

8. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation device further includes a heating module. After the step of sending the second control signal to the extraction module, the control method further includes: A fourth control signal is sent to the heating module so that the heating module performs a heat treatment on the perovskite film.

9. A perovskite battery, comprising a perovskite film, characterized in that: The perovskite film is prepared by the control method described in any one of claims 6 to 8.

10. A method for preparing a perovskite battery, characterized in that: include: providing a substrate; forming a hole transport layer on one surface of the substrate; The control method for preparing a perovskite film according to any one of claims 6 to 8 is used to form a perovskite film on a side of the hole transport layer away from the substrate; forming an electron transport layer on a side of the perovskite film away from the hole transport layer; An electrode layer is formed on the side of the electron transport layer facing away from the perovskite film to obtain the perovskite cell.

11. The preparation method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The thickness of the hole transport layer is 20 nm to 40 nm.

Images