A tool and method for turning inner hole step

Abstract

The present invention provides a tool and method for turning an inner hole step, which relates to the field of machining. Aiming at the problem that the clamping effect is poor and causes machining deviation when machining an annular belt inner hole step workpiece, a positioning protrusion is arranged on a positioning table to cooperate with the inner ring of the workpiece to realize radial positioning of the workpiece, and at least three clamping jaws are arranged around the positioning protrusion, and the total length of the arc corresponding to the position where all the clamping jaws abut the workpiece is greater than half of the circumference of the workpiece, so as to increase the contact area between the clamping jaw and the workpiece, avoid the situation that the thin sheet workpiece is subjected to the clamping force protrusion and causes uneven distribution of machining dimensions, and improve the machining accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of machining, and in particular to a tool and method for turning an inner hole step. Background Art

[0002] Lathe fixtures refer to the fixtures used on lathes to process the inner and outer rotating surfaces and end faces of workpieces. Most lathe fixtures are installed on the spindle; a few are installed on the saddle or bed. In the process of manufacturing workpieces, the manufacturing requirements have become very strict. Whether it is in the drilling process or the milling process, there must be a suitable fixture. Designing a suitable fixture can not only ensure the machining accuracy of the workpiece but also improve the machining efficiency; therefore, fixture design is a key part of the manufacturing process. For the processing procedures of large circular cover parts, the concentricity requirements are quite high. During processing, the center of the part needs to be aligned with the center of the machine tool to ensure the concentricity requirements of the large circular cover parts. Usually, a circle of jaws is used to weld arc gaskets on the jaws, and the arc gaskets are self-turned to form a circular ring surface concentric with the parts. At this time, the parts are clamped in the jaws to maintain their concentricity. However, this method of connecting the arc gasket to the jaws by welding is more troublesome, and the hardness of the welding part is not enough to ensure the stability of the entire processing process.

[0003] A Chinese patent (publication number: CN 220881454 U) discloses a split lathe fixture positioning seat for large circular cover parts. An arc-shaped support seat is arranged on the base, and an arc-shaped processing surface is arranged on the inner side of the arc-shaped support seat. The arc-shaped processing surface is self-machined by a locomotive to form an arc surface with the same diameter as the outer edge of the part to be processed. At the same time, the processed arc surface is naturally concentric with the center of the machine tool, thereby ensuring the concentricity of the part to be processed; but for a workpiece with a thinner ring structure and an inner hole step, when the workpiece is clamped by a clamping claw, it will cause product deformation, resulting in deviation in the processing size and uneven distribution of the workpiece size. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tool and method for turning inner hole steps in response to the defects of the prior art. A positioning protrusion is arranged on the positioning table to cooperate with the inner ring of the workpiece to realize radial positioning of the workpiece. At least three clamping jaws are arranged around the positioning protrusion. The total length of the arc corresponding to the position where all the clamping jaws abut the workpiece is greater than half of the circumference of the workpiece, so as to increase the contact area between the clamping jaw and the workpiece, avoid the situation where the thin-sheet workpiece is subjected to the clamping force protrusion and the processing size distribution is uneven, and the processing accuracy is improved.

[0005] The first object of the present invention is to provide a tool for turning inner hole steps, which adopts the following scheme:

[0006] include:

[0007] It includes a positioning platform and clamping jaws. A positioning protrusion that matches the inner ring of the workpiece is provided at one end of the positioning platform. The positioning platform is provided with an annular bearing surface on the outer side of the positioning protrusion. At least three clamping jaws are arranged around the positioning protrusion. A clamping part is formed between the clamping jaws and the bearing surface. The sum of the arc lengths of the clamping parts corresponding to all the clamping jaws is greater than half of the circumference of the bearing surface. A positioning pin is provided in the non-clamping area of ​​the bearing surface.

[0008] Furthermore, the clamping portion formed by the clamping jaws is spaced apart from the positioning protrusion in the radial direction to avoid the processing position of the workpiece.

[0009] Furthermore, the clamp is L-shaped, with a driving rod hinged at one end of the clamp and the other end extending axially along the positioning platform to the outside of the positioning protrusion to form a clamping end, and the driving rod can drive the clamp to move to adjust the distance between the clamping end and the bearing surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the positioning platform is provided with a through hole, the clamp passes through the through hole, a guide block is provided in the through hole, the clamp is provided with a guide groove matching the guide block, and the guide block moves along the guide groove to adjust the position of the clamp on the radial direction of the positioning protrusion.

[0011] Furthermore, a sliding fit is formed between the driving rod and the positioning platform along the axial direction of the positioning protrusion, and the driving rod is hinged to all the clamping jaws to synchronously drive the clamping jaws to move.

[0012] Furthermore, the height of the positioning protrusion relative to the bearing surface is smaller than the height of the clamping portion.

[0013] Furthermore, the positioning platform comprises a positioning plate and a base, the positioning plate is detachably mounted on one end of the base, and the clamping claws are mounted on the base and distributed around the positioning plate.

[0014] Furthermore, at least two positioning pins are installed on the bearing surface, and the teeth of the workpiece are accommodated between adjacent positioning pins to constrain the circumferential position of the workpiece.

[0015] The second object of the present invention is to provide a working method of the inner hole step tooling as described in the first object, comprising:

[0016] Adjust the position of the clamping jaws to expand the clamping part, place the workpiece on the bearing surface, the inner ring of the workpiece abuts against the positioning protrusion to fix the radial position of the workpiece, and the teeth on the workpiece cooperate with the positioning pin to constrain the circumferential position of the workpiece;

[0017] The action of the clamping jaws causes the clamping jaws to abut against the top surface of the workpiece, clamping the workpiece stably between the bearing surface and the clamping jaws;

[0018] The tool processes the end of the workpiece away from the bearing surface to form an inner hole step on the workpiece.

[0019] Furthermore, the area where the clamping jaw contacts the workpiece is arc-shaped, avoiding the processing position of the inner hole step in the radial direction.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0021] (1) In view of the problem of poor clamping effect and resulting processing deviation during the processing of annular inner hole step workpieces, a positioning protrusion is provided on the positioning table to cooperate with the inner ring of the workpiece to realize radial positioning of the workpiece, and at least three clamping jaws are provided around the positioning protrusion. The total arc length corresponding to the position where all the clamping jaws abut the workpiece is greater than half of the circumference of the workpiece, so as to increase the contact area between the clamping jaw and the workpiece, avoid the uneven distribution of processing dimensions caused by the clamping force protrusion of the thin-sheet workpiece, and improve the processing accuracy.

[0022] (2) The clamping jaws and the bearing surface realize the axial positioning of the workpiece, the positioning protrusion realizes the radial positioning of the workpiece, and the setting of the positioning pin realizes the circumferential positioning of the workpiece, thereby achieving complete constraint on the workpiece, maintaining the stability of the workpiece during the processing, and helping to improve the processing accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the tooling for turning inner hole steps in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the distribution state of the clamping jaws in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the clamping jaws connected to the driving rod in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the workpiece in Examples 1 and 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Among them, 1. positioning table; 2. clamping claw; 3. workpiece; 4. positioning protrusion; 5. bearing surface; 6. tooth portion; 7. positioning pin; 8. positioning plate; 9. base; 10. driving rod; 11. clamping portion; 12. guide block; 13. inner hole step. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Example 1

[0030] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a tooling for turning inner hole steps is provided.

[0031] When the existing equipment processes a workpiece 3 with a thinner annular structure and an inner hole step 13, the use of multiple clamping jaws dispersedly arranged to clamp the workpiece 3 will cause product deformation, thereby affecting the accuracy of the processing size and making the size distribution of the workpiece 3 uneven. Based on this, this embodiment provides a tooling for turning inner hole steps, a positioning protrusion 4 is set on the positioning table 1 to cooperate with the inner ring of the workpiece 3 to achieve radial positioning of the workpiece 3, and at least three clamping jaws 2 are set around the positioning protrusion 4. The total length of the arc corresponding to the position where all the clamping jaws 2 abut the workpiece 3 is greater than half of the circumference of the workpiece 3, so as to increase the contact area between the clamping jaws 2 and the workpiece 3, avoid the uneven distribution of the processing size caused by the clamping force protrusion of the thin sheet workpiece 3, and improve the processing accuracy.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the inner hole step tooling includes a positioning platform 1 and a clamping jaw 2. A positioning protrusion 4 that matches the inner ring of a workpiece 3 is provided at one end of the positioning platform 1. The positioning protrusion 4 is a columnar structure. When matching with the workpiece 3, the inner ring of the workpiece 3 abuts against the side annular surface of the positioning protrusion 4 to achieve radial positioning of the workpiece 3 and avoid radial movement of the workpiece 3. A bearing surface 5 is provided on the outer side of the positioning protrusion 4 to support the workpiece 3 and constrain the axial position of the workpiece 3.

[0033] At least three clamping jaws 2 are provided, and all the clamping jaws 2 are arranged around the positioning protrusion 4. A clamping portion 11 is formed between the clamping jaws 2 and the bearing surface 5, which is used to clamp the workpiece 3 and jointly constrain the position of the workpiece 3 in the axial direction of the positioning protrusion 4 to prevent it from moving in the axial direction. The sum of the arc lengths of the clamping portions 11 corresponding to all the clamping jaws 2 is greater than half of the circumference of the bearing surface 5, so as to increase the contact area between the clamping jaws 2 and the workpiece 3 and prevent the deformation of the workpiece 3 caused by the clamping force. A positioning pin 7 is provided in the non-clamping portion 11 area of ​​the bearing surface 5, which is used to further fix the workpiece 3, constrain the rotation of the workpiece 3 in the circumferential direction of the positioning protrusion 4, and improve the processing stability.

[0034] At least three clamping jaws 2 are arranged around the positioning protrusion 4, and the sum of the arc lengths of the clamping portions 11 of all the clamping jaws 2 is greater than half the circumference of the bearing surface 5, thereby increasing the contact area between the clamping jaws 2 and the workpiece 3, and effectively avoiding the deformation of the thin-sheet workpiece 3 due to the clamping force and the uneven distribution of the processing size.

[0035] The clamping jaws 2 and the bearing surface 5 realize axial positioning of the workpiece 3, the positioning protrusion 4 realizes radial positioning of the workpiece 3, and the setting of the positioning pin 7 realizes circumferential positioning of the workpiece 3, thereby achieving complete constraint on the workpiece 3, maintaining the stability of the workpiece 3 during the processing, and helping to improve the processing accuracy.

[0036] The clamping portion 11 formed by the clamping jaw 2 is spaced apart from the positioning protrusion 4 in the radial direction to avoid the processing position of the workpiece 3. It is ensured that the clamping jaw 2 will not interfere with the processing area of ​​the workpiece 3 when clamping the workpiece 3. In particular, when the workpiece 3 needs to be processed with the inner hole step 13, the interval between the clamping jaw 2 and the positioning protrusion 4 can prevent the clamping jaw 2 from blocking the feed path of the tool, thereby ensuring smooth processing.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in order to achieve axial clamping and positioning of the workpiece 3, an L-shaped clamping jaw 2 is used. One end of the clamping jaw 2 is hinged with a driving rod 10, and the other end extends axially along the positioning platform 1 to the outside of the positioning protrusion 4 to form a clamping end. At the same time, the clamping end is a structure formed by extending radially along the axial direction of the positioning protrusion 4 relative to the main body of the clamping jaw 2. The clamping end serves as the position where the clamping jaw 2 contacts the workpiece 3, and a clamping portion 11 of variable size is formed between the clamping end and the bearing surface 5. The driving rod 10 can drive the clamping jaw 2 to move to adjust the distance between the clamping end and the bearing surface 5, thereby completing the required clamping and loosening actions.

[0038] The L-shaped clamping jaw 2 enables the clamping jaw 2 to move along the axial direction of the positioning platform 1 under the drive of the driving rod 10, thereby adjusting the distance between the clamping end and the bearing surface 5 to achieve effective clamping of the workpiece 3. A hinge is formed between the driving rod 10 and the clamping jaw 2. When the driving rod 10 moves, all the clamping jaws 2 can be driven to move synchronously through the hinge position, ensuring uniformity and stability of clamping.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the positioning platform 1 is provided with a through hole, the clamping jaw 2 passes through the through hole, a guide block 12 is provided in the through hole, the clamping jaw 2 is provided with a guide groove matching the guide block 12, and the guide block 12 moves along the guide groove to adjust the position of the clamping jaw 2 in the radial direction of the positioning protrusion 4. When the driving rod 10 drives the clamping jaw 2 to move so that the distance between the clamping end and the bearing surface 5 is gradually reduced, the guide block 12 can push the guide groove so that the clamping jaw 2 gradually approaches the axis of the positioning protrusion 4, so that the clamping end can contact the workpiece 3 to achieve the clamping action; when the driving rod 10 drives the clamping jaw 2 to move so that the distance between the clamping end and the bearing surface 5 is gradually expanded, the guide block 12 can push the guide groove so that the clamping jaw 2 gradually moves away from the axis of the positioning protrusion 4, so that the distance between the clamping ends of multiple clamping jaws 2 is increased, so that it is convenient to remove the workpiece 3 from the positioning protrusion 4 or place it on the positioning protrusion 4.

[0040] The guide block 12 and the guide groove provide a guide and positioning method for the movement of the clamping jaw 2. When the driving rod 10 drives the clamping jaw 2 to move, the guide block 12 moves along the guide groove, thereby ensuring that the radial position of the clamping jaw 2 can be accurately adjusted, avoiding the deviation and shaking of the clamping jaw 2 during the movement, and improving the clamping accuracy and stability.

[0041] The driving rod 10 and the positioning platform 1 form a sliding fit along the axial direction of the positioning protrusion 4, and the driving rod 10 articulates all the clamping jaws 2 to synchronously drive the clamping jaws 2 to move. The sliding fit allows the driving rod 10 to move freely along the axial direction of the positioning platform 1, and at the same time can stably articulate all the clamping jaws 2 to ensure the synchronous movement of the clamping jaws 2. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the driving rod 10 can be arranged inside the positioning table 1, and the opening or clamping action of the clamping jaws 2 is realized by means of a sliding action relative to the positioning table 1, which not only improves the efficiency and stability of clamping, but also enables the tooling to adapt to workpieces 3 of different sizes, thereby improving the versatility and flexibility of the tooling.

[0042] The height of the positioning protrusion 4 relative to the bearing surface 5 is smaller than the height of the clamping portion 11. This ensures that the positioning protrusion 4 does not interfere with the clamping action of the clamping jaws 2, while allowing the workpiece 3 to be stably placed on the bearing surface 5 and radially positioned by the positioning protrusion 4. In addition, the smaller height of the positioning protrusion 4 can also reduce the overall height of the tooling, making the tooling more compact and lightweight.

[0043] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the positioning table 1 includes a positioning plate 8 and a base 9. The positioning plate 8 is detachably mounted on one end of the base 9, and the clamping jaws 2 are mounted on the base 9 and distributed around the positioning plate 8. The design of the detachable positioning plate 8 enables the tooling to be quickly replaced and adjusted according to different sizes and shapes of the workpiece 3. At the same time, the design of the clamping jaws 2 distributed around the positioning plate 8 ensures the uniformity and stability of the clamping. This modular design not only improves the versatility and flexibility of the tooling, but also facilitates the maintenance and care of the tooling.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, at least two positioning pins 7 are installed on the bearing surface 5, and the teeth 6 of the workpiece 3 are accommodated between adjacent positioning pins 7 to constrain the circumferential position of the workpiece 3. The provision of the positioning pins 7 further improves the stability of the workpiece 3 during the processing. By limiting the movement of the workpiece 3 in the circumferential direction, the positioning pins 7 can ensure that the workpiece 3 maintains the correct position and posture during the processing. In particular, for the workpiece 3 with the teeth 6, the positioning pins 7 can also accommodate the teeth 6 and effectively constrain and position it. Not only the processing accuracy and stability are improved, but also the deformation and damage of the workpiece 3 during the processing are reduced.

[0045] The problem that the existing technology easily causes product deformation when clamping a workpiece 3 with a thin annular structure and an inner hole step 13 is solved. By increasing the contact area between the clamping jaw 2 and the workpiece 3, providing precise guidance and positioning methods, and modular design, the processing accuracy and stability are improved, providing an effective technical solution for actual production.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a working method of an inner hole step turning tool is provided, using the inner hole step turning tool as in Example 1.

[0048] A working method for turning an inner hole step tool, comprising:

[0049] Adjust the position of the clamping jaw 2 to expand the clamping portion 11, place the workpiece 3 on the bearing surface 5, the inner ring of the workpiece 3 abuts against the positioning protrusion 4 to fix the radial position of the workpiece 3, and the teeth 6 on the workpiece 3 cooperate with the positioning pin 7 to constrain the circumferential position of the workpiece 3;

[0050] The action of the clamping jaw 2 causes the clamping jaw 2 to abut against the top surface of the workpiece 3, thereby stably clamping the workpiece 3 between the bearing surface 5 and the clamping jaw 2;

[0051] The tool processes the end of the workpiece 3 away from the bearing surface 5 to form an inner hole step 13 on the workpiece 3 .

[0052] The area where the clamping jaws 2 contact the workpiece 3 is arc-shaped, avoiding the processing position of the inner hole step 13 in the radial direction.

[0053] Specific, combined Figure 1-Figure 4 The working method of the inner hole step tooling includes the following working steps

[0054] Adjust the position of the clamp 2 and place the workpiece 3:

[0055] First, the position of the clamping jaw 2 is adjusted to expand the clamping portion 11 . This is achieved by moving the driving rod 10 , which drives the clamping jaw 2 to move along the axial direction of the positioning platform 1 , thereby adjusting the distance between the clamping portion 11 and the bearing surface 5 .

[0056] Then, the workpiece 3 is placed on the bearing surface 5, and the inner ring of the workpiece 3 abuts against the positioning protrusion 4, thereby fixing the radial position of the workpiece 3. At the same time, the teeth 6 on the workpiece 3 cooperate with the positioning pin 7 to constrain the circumferential position of the workpiece 3. The workpiece 3 is stably positioned on the fixture.

[0057] Gripper 2 holds workpiece 3:

[0058] Next, the clamping jaw 2 moves so that the clamping end of the clamping jaw 2 abuts against the top surface of the workpiece 3. Since the clamping jaw 2 is spaced apart from the positioning protrusion 4 in the radial direction, and the sum of the arc lengths of the clamping portion 11 is greater than half of the circumference of the bearing surface 5, the clamping jaw 2 can stably clamp the workpiece 3 to avoid deformation of the workpiece 3 caused by the clamping force.

[0059] The workpiece 3 is clamped between the bearing surface 5 and the clamping jaws 2, forming a stable processing environment.

[0060] Processing inner hole step 13:

[0061] Finally, a tool is used to machine the end of the workpiece 3 away from the bearing surface 5. Since the workpiece 3 has been stably positioned and clamped, the tool can accurately machine the inner hole step 13.

[0062] During the machining process, the feed path and cutting parameters of the tool are precisely controlled according to the material and size of the workpiece 3 to ensure that the machined inner hole step 13 meets the design requirements.

[0063] The area where the clamping jaw 2 contacts the workpiece 3 is arc-shaped and avoids the processing position of the inner hole step 13 in the radial direction. It is ensured that the clamping jaw 2 does not interfere with the processing area of ​​the inner hole step 13 when clamping the workpiece 3, thereby ensuring smooth processing and accuracy.

[0064] By precisely adjusting the position of the clamping jaws 2, stably clamping the workpiece 3, and precisely machining the inner hole step 13, efficient and stable machining of the workpiece 3 is achieved. At the same time, the arc-shaped design of the area where the clamping jaws 2 contact the workpiece 3 and the avoidance of the machining position further improve the machining accuracy and stability. It is not only suitable for workpieces 3 with thinner annular structures and inner hole steps 13, but can also be widely used in other types of workpieces 3 that require precise clamping and machining.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool for turning inner hole steps, characterized in that: It includes a positioning platform and clamping jaws. A positioning protrusion that matches the inner ring of the workpiece is provided at one end of the positioning platform. The positioning platform is provided with an annular bearing surface on the outer side of the positioning protrusion. At least three clamping jaws are arranged around the positioning protrusion. A clamping part is formed between the clamping jaws and the bearing surface. The sum of the arc lengths of the clamping parts corresponding to all the clamping jaws is greater than half of the circumference of the bearing surface. A positioning pin is provided in the non-clamping area of ​​the bearing surface.

2. The lathe inner hole step tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping portion formed by the clamping claw is spaced apart from the positioning protrusion in the radial direction to avoid the processing position of the workpiece.

3. The tooling for turning inner hole step according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp is L-shaped, with a driving rod hinged at one end of the clamp and the other end extending axially along the positioning platform to the outside of the positioning protrusion to form a clamping end. The driving rod can drive the clamp to move to adjust the distance between the clamping end and the bearing surface.

4. The lathe inner hole step tool as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning platform is provided with a through hole, the clamp passes through the through hole, a guide block is provided in the through hole, the clamp is provided with a guide groove matching the guide block, and the guide block moves along the guide groove to adjust the position of the clamp on the radial direction of the positioning protrusion.

5. The lathe inner hole step tool as claimed in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: A sliding fit is formed between the driving rod and the positioning platform along the axial direction of the positioning protrusion, and the driving rod is hinged to all the clamping jaws to synchronously drive the clamping jaws to move.

6. The tooling for turning inner hole step according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the positioning protrusion relative to the bearing surface is smaller than the height of the clamping portion.

7. The tooling for turning inner hole step according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The positioning platform comprises a positioning plate and a base body. The positioning plate is detachably mounted on one end of the base body, and the clamping claws are mounted on the base body and distributed around the positioning plate.

8. The tooling for turning inner hole step according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two positioning pins are installed on the bearing surface, and the teeth of the workpiece are accommodated between adjacent positioning pins to constrain the circumferential position of the workpiece.

9. A working method of a tool for turning inner hole steps, using the tool for turning inner hole steps as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Adjust the position of the clamping jaws to expand the clamping part, place the workpiece on the bearing surface, the inner ring of the workpiece abuts against the positioning protrusion to fix the radial position of the workpiece, and the teeth on the workpiece cooperate with the positioning pin to constrain the circumferential position of the workpiece; The action of the clamping jaws causes the clamping jaws to abut against the top surface of the workpiece, clamping the workpiece stably between the bearing surface and the clamping jaws; The tool processes the end of the workpiece away from the bearing surface to form an inner hole step on the workpiece.

10. The working method of the inner hole step tooling according to claim 9, characterized in that: The area where the clamping jaw contacts the workpiece is arc-shaped, avoiding the processing position of the inner hole step in the radial direction.

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