Ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of optical part ultra-precision machining, in particular to an optical part ultra-precision turning clamping device which comprises a clamp pressing plate, a clamp base, a connecting plate and a locking device, the clamp base is installed on the first end face of the connecting plate, and the second end face of the connecting plate is used for being connected with a machining device. The clamp pressing plate is installed on the upper end face of the clamp base in a covering mode and used for being matched with the clamp base to achieve unification of a part coordinate system and a machine tool coordinate system, and the multiple locking devices are installed on the clamp base and used for enabling a reference plane of a ball socket on the side edge of the optical part to be parallel to the plane of the clamp base. The ultra-precision turning and clamping device for the optical parts aims at solving the problem that the optical parts are prone to deformation during double-face machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ultra-precision machining of optical parts, and in particular to an ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts. Background Art

[0002] Infrared optical systems are widely used in the field of weapons and equipment due to their all-weather working capabilities. Window optical parts are mainly used in optical systems to separate the internal and external environments of instruments to ensure that internal instruments are not disturbed by the external environment, protect optical components, and increase transmittance. However, currently window optical parts are mainly flat windows, which cannot meet the requirements of stealth aircraft for startup conformal, and conformal optical windows with free-form shapes have not yet been further applied due to limitations in processing, manufacturing, and testing.

[0003] Ultra-precision turning is a typical processing method for optical parts. It can achieve one-time processing of complex free-form shapes to obtain high processing accuracy. It is an excellent processing method for infrared optical windows. However, conformal optical windows need to process two free-form shapes inside and outside, and are designed as thin-walled shapes to reduce weight. Traditional clamping methods for parts with rotational symmetry cannot meet the processing requirements of such parts. For example, elastic tooling does not have the characteristics of symmetrical structure for free-form parts, and does not have a suitable clamping reference to keep the parts in the correct position. At the same time, it is easy to produce large deformation. In order to realize ultra-precision turning of such parts, a clamping device with low deformation and the same reference to realize double-sided free-form surface processing is needed.

[0004] Therefore, the inventor provides an ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts. Summary of the invention

[0005] (1) Technical issues to be solved

[0006] The embodiment of the present invention provides an ultra-precision turning clamping device for optical parts, which solves the technical problem that optical parts are easily deformed during double-sided processing.

[0007] (2) Technical solution

[0008] The present invention provides an ultra-precision turning clamping device for optical parts, comprising a fixture pressure plate, a fixture base, a connecting plate and a locking device, wherein the fixture base is installed on the first end face of the connecting plate, and the second end face of the connecting plate is used to be connected to a processing device, the fixture pressure plate cover is installed on the upper end face of the fixture base and is used to cooperate with the fixture base to achieve the unification of the part coordinate system and the machine tool coordinate system, and a plurality of the locking devices are installed on the fixture base and are used to make the reference plane of the ball socket on the side of the optical part parallel to the plane of the fixture base.

[0009] Furthermore, the optical component ultra-precision turning and clamping device further comprises a supporting plate, which is mounted on the fixture base and is used for clamping the optical component.

[0010] Furthermore, the support plate is provided with a mounting groove adapted to the optical component, and a flexible portion for flexibly supporting the optical component is provided in the mounting groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the plurality of locking devices include a first locking device and a second locking device, and the first locking device and the second locking device are distributed along the circumference of the clamp base.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of the second locking devices are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the optical component.

[0013] Furthermore, the first locking device includes a locking nut, a first fixing pin, a first positioning seat and an eliminating gap sleeve, the eliminating gap sleeve is arranged on the end of the first fixing pin and is used to eliminate the matching clearance between the first fixing pin and the optical part, the first positioning seat is fixed to the fixture base, the first fixing pin is passed through the first positioning seat and forms a threaded fit to adjust the clamping by moving back and forth, and the locking nut is used to lock the first fixing pin after the position of the first fixing pin is determined.

[0014] Furthermore, the end of the first fixing pin is spherical and is used to cooperate with the side ball socket of the optical component.

[0015] Furthermore, the second locking device includes a second positioning seat, a ball cushion nut and a second fixing pin, the second positioning seat is fixed to the clamp base, the second fixing pin is passed through the second positioning seat and forms a threaded fit to move back and forth to adjust the clamping, and the two ball cushion nuts are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the second fixing pin.

[0016] Furthermore, the end of the second fixing pin is spherical and is used to cooperate with the side ball socket of the optical component.

[0017] Furthermore, the clamp pressure plate, the clamp base and the connecting plate are all annular structures.

[0018] (3) Beneficial effects

[0019] In summary, the present invention fixes and clamps the optical part through the clamping part formed by the cooperation between the clamp base, the clamp pressure plate and the locking device. The clamp base is installed on the connecting plate. When one side of the optical part is processed, the clamping part is flipped over to achieve double-sided processing of the optical part. The reference is the plane formed by the ball socket on the side of the part, which avoids a large deviation of the surface optical axis when processing the upper and lower surfaces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is an axial view of an ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a top view of an ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a connecting plate of an ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a support plate of an ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a structural front view of a first locking device of an ultra-precision turning clamping device for optical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural left view of a first locking device of an ultra-precision turning clamping device for optical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a right view of the structure of a first locking device of an ultra-precision turning clamping device for optical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 This is a structural front view of a second locking device of an ultra-precision turning clamping device for optical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 It is a structural left view of a second locking device of an ultra-precision turning clamping device for optical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.11 It is a right view of the structure of a second locking device of an ultra-precision turning clamping device for optical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure:

[0033] 1-clamp pressure plate; 101-first countersunk through hole; 102-second countersunk through hole; 2-clamp base; 3-connecting plate; 301-third countersunk through hole; 302-first threaded hole; 303-second threaded hole; 401-first locking device; 4011-locking nut; 4012-first fixing pin; 4013-first positioning seat; 4014-anti-backlash sleeve; 402-second locking device; 4021-second positioning seat; 4022-ball cushion nut; 4023-second fixing pin; 5-support plate; 100-optical part; 1001-ball socket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to exemplarily illustrate the principles of the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention, that is, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and covers any modification, replacement and improvement of parts, components and connection modes without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the products of the present invention are conventionally placed when in use, or are the orientations or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. These are merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting" and "installation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts provided by an embodiment of the present invention, see Figures 1-2The clamping device may include a clamp pressure plate 1, a clamp base 2, a connecting plate 3 and a locking device. The clamp base 2 is installed on the first end surface of the connecting plate 3, and the second end surface of the connecting plate 3 is used to connect with the processing device. The clamp pressure plate 1 is installed on the upper end surface of the clamp base 2 and is used to cooperate with the clamp base 2 to achieve the unification of the part coordinate system and the machine tool coordinate system. Multiple locking devices are installed on the clamp base 2 and are used to make the reference plane of the ball socket on the side of the optical part 100 parallel to the plane of the clamp base 2.

[0039] In the above embodiment, one side of the connecting plate 3 is attached to the spindle surface of the ultra-precision turning machine and fixed to the spindle by screws, and the rotation center coincides with the spindle axis. Figure 3 As shown, the optical component 100 can be a square plate-shaped window-type component. Before the component is processed, a ball socket 1001 is made on the side. The depth of the ball socket is the radius value of the selected ball socket size, which is used as a positioning reference. The clamp plate 1 and the clamp base 2 are both used to support the optical component 100 and connect with the connecting plate 3 to realize the double-sided processing function. Furthermore, the clamp plate 1, the clamp base 2 and the connecting plate 3 are all annular structures, and the annular structure can be easily processed and formed. The connecting plate 3 is used to connect the processing device and the clamping device, and has a threaded hole in the circumferential direction to adjust the rotational imbalance caused by the asymmetry of the clamping device and the optical component 100.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, when the connecting plate 3 is fixed to the processing device, a third countersunk through hole 301 and a first threaded hole 302 and a second threaded hole 303 are opened at one end of the connecting plate 3. The first threaded hole 302 is a double-row threaded hole distributed circumferentially on the outer cylindrical surface, and the second threaded hole 303 is a threaded hole distributed circumferentially on the end surface; the other end is a mating surface with the spindle of the ultra-precision turning machine tool of the processing device. Before all installations begin, the mating surface is fitted with the end face of the machine tool spindle, and the third countersunk through hole 301 is adjusted to coincide with the threaded hole on the end face of the machine tool spindle, and fixed by screws. Before locking, the outer ring of the connecting plate 3 needs to be adjusted to be coaxial with the center axis of the spindle.

[0041] As an optional implementation, Figure 5 As shown, the optical component ultra-precision turning clamping device further includes a support plate 5, which is mounted on the fixture base 2 and is used to clamp the optical component 100. Specifically, the support plate 5 is provided with a mounting groove adapted to the optical component 100, and a flexible portion for flexibly supporting the optical component 100 is provided in the mounting groove to reduce deformation of the optical component 100, and the flexible portion can be made of polyester material.

[0042] As an optional implementation, Figure 2As shown, the multiple locking devices include a first locking device 401 and a second locking device 402, the first locking device 401 and the second locking device 402 are distributed along the circumference of the fixture base 2, and the multiple second locking devices 402 are symmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the optical component 100. The first locking device 401 and the second locking device 402 rely on the ball socket on the side of the optical component 100 to clamp and position, so that the center position of the optical component 100 coincides with the rotation axis of the fixture base 2 and is fixed on the fixture base 2, the fixture base 2 is fixed on the connecting plate 3, and the fixture pressure plate 1 is fixed on the fixture base 2, so as to unify the part coordinate system and the machine tool coordinate system. The first locking device 401 and the second locking device 402 are fixed to the fixture base 2 by screws. There are three first locking devices 401, which are arranged in 1 and 2 on the opposite sides of the optical part 100 respectively. The optical part 100 is fixed by applying a pre-tightening force through the ball socket 1001 as a positioning reference. There are four second locking devices 402, which are symmetrically arranged on the two free sides of the optical part 100 to reduce the deformation of the optical part 100 caused by the clamping force of the first locking device 401. The first locking device 401 and the second locking device 402 are both indicated and fixed at the position of each side of the ball socket 1001 on the optical part 100 to ensure that the reference XY plane where the optical part 100 is located is parallel to the plane of the fixture base 2. After clamping and fixing, the fixture pressure plate 1 is placed on the fixture base 2 and fixed to the fixture base 2 through the first countersunk through hole 101 on the fixture pressure plate 1 to form a clamping part. The clamping part and the connecting plate 3 are fixed through the first countersunk through hole 101 on the clamp pressure plate 1 and the threaded hole 302 on the connecting plate 3. Before fixing, the coaxiality of the outer circle reference of the clamp base 2 and the outer circle reference of the connecting plate 3 needs to be adjusted. After all the installation is completed, dynamic balance adjustment is performed through the circumferentially distributed threaded holes 302 on the connecting plate 3.

[0043] As an optional implementation, Figures 6 to 8As shown, the first locking device 401 includes a locking nut 4011, a first fixing pin 4012, a first positioning seat 4013 and a gap eliminating sleeve 4014. The gap eliminating sleeve 4014 is sleeved on the end of the first fixing pin 4012 and is used to eliminate the matching clearance between the first fixing pin 4012 and the optical component 100. The first positioning seat 4013 is fixed to the fixture base 2. The first fixing pin 4012 is penetrated by the first positioning seat 4013 and forms a threaded fit to adjust the clamping by moving back and forth. The locking nut 4011 is used to lock the first fixing pin 4012 after the position of the first fixing pin 4012 is determined. Among them, the end of the first fixing pin 4012 is spherical and is used to cooperate with the side ball socket of the optical part 100; at the same time, the clearance is eliminated by the gap-eliminating sleeve 4014 to avoid shaking. The first positioning seat 4013 is used to fix the position on the fixture base 2, and forms a threaded cooperation with the first fixing pin 4012 to realize the forward and backward movement of the pin to adjust the clamping. After the position of the first fixing pin 4012 is determined, it is locked by the locking nut 4011 to avoid displacement and looseness.

[0044] As an optional implementation, Figures 9-11 As shown, the second locking device 402 includes a second positioning seat 4021, a ball cushion nut 4022 and a second fixing pin 4023. The second positioning seat 4021 is fixed to the fixture base 2. The second fixing pin 4023 is penetrated through the second positioning seat 4021 and forms a threaded fit to adjust the clamping by moving forward and backward. The two ball cushion nuts 4022 are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the second fixing pin 4023. Among them, the end of the second fixing pin 4023 is spherical and is used to form a fit with the side ball socket of the optical component 100 and provide auxiliary support for the optical component 100; the two ball cushion nuts 4022 are threadedly matched with the surface of the second fixing pin 4023 to achieve front and rear position adjustment and locking.

[0045] During processing, the clamping device can achieve two surface processing by clamping at one time, ensuring that the processing datums of the two surfaces are consistent. After completing the upper surface processing of the optical part 100 in the above clamping state, loosen the screws in the second countersunk through hole 102 to release the fixation of the clamping part including the clamp pressure plate 1, the clamp base 2, the first locking device 401, and the second locking device 402 and the connecting plate 3, flip the entire clamping part, make the clamp pressure plate 1 contact the upper end surface of the connecting plate 3 and lock it with screws, while keeping the position of the support plate 5 unchanged. After the installation is completed, the outer circle of the clamp base 2 and the outer circle of the connecting plate 3 are adjusted to be coaxial, so that the unified datum can be achieved, ensuring that the XY datum plane of the two surfaces after front and back processing is parallel to the spindle end face, the machining center line coincides with the spindle rotation axis, and a unified coordinate system is always used.

[0046] It should be clear that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the figures. In addition, for the sake of brevity, a detailed description of known methods and technologies is omitted here.

[0047] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not limited to the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts, characterized in that: The invention comprises a clamp pressure plate (1), a clamp base (2), a connecting plate (3) and a locking device, wherein the clamp base (2) is mounted on a first end face of the connecting plate (3), and a second end face of the connecting plate (3) is used for connecting to a processing device, the clamp pressure plate (1) is mounted on an upper end face of the clamp base (2) and is used for cooperating with the clamp base (2) to achieve the unification of a part coordinate system and a machine tool coordinate system, and a plurality of locking devices are mounted on the clamp base (2) and are used for making a reference plane of a ball socket on a side of an optical part (100) parallel to a plane of the clamp base (2).

2. The ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also comprises a supporting plate (5), wherein the supporting plate (5) is mounted on the fixture base (2) and is used to clamp the optical component (100).

3. The ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The support plate (5) is provided with a mounting groove matched with the optical component (100), and a flexible portion for flexibly supporting the optical component (100) is provided in the mounting groove.

4. The ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of locking devices include a first locking device (401) and a second locking device (402), and the first locking device (401) and the second locking device (402) are distributed along the circumference of the clamp base (2).

5. The ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of the second locking devices (402) are symmetrically distributed on two opposite sides of the optical component (100).

6. The ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first locking device (401) comprises a locking nut (4011), a first fixing pin (4012), a first positioning seat (4013) and a clearance-eliminating sleeve (4014); the clearance-eliminating sleeve (4014) is sleeved on the end of the first fixing pin (4012) and is used to eliminate the matching clearance between the first fixing pin (4012) and the optical component (100); the first positioning seat (4013) is fixed to the fixture base (2); the first fixing pin (4012) is inserted into the first positioning seat (4013) and forms a threaded fit to adjust the clamping by moving forward and backward; the locking nut (4011) is used to lock the first fixing pin (4012) after the position of the first fixing pin (4012) is determined.

7. The ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the first fixing pin (4012) is spherical and is used to cooperate with the side ball socket of the optical component (100).

8. The ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second locking device (402) comprises a second positioning seat (4021), a ball cushion nut (4022) and a second fixing pin (4023); the second positioning seat (4021) is fixed to the clamp base (2); the second fixing pin (4023) is inserted into the second positioning seat (4021) and forms a threaded fit to adjust the clamping by moving forward and backward; the two ball cushion nuts (4022) are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the second fixing pin (4023).

9. The ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts according to claim 8, characterized in that: The end of the second fixing pin (4023) is spherical and is used to cooperate with the side ball socket of the optical component (100).

10. The ultra-precision turning and clamping device for optical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamp pressure plate (1), the clamp base (2) and the connecting plate (3) are all annular structures.

Images