High-efficiency microbial fuel cell and preparation and application thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of microbial fuel cell technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell and its preparation and application. The invention first anaerobically acclimates power-generating bacteria in activated sludge after screening and impurity removal to obtain mixed power-generating bacteria; then, the mixed power-generating bacteria are enriched in an anaerobic basal medium containing phenazine-1-carboxylic acid to obtain enriched mixed power-generating bacteria; finally, the enriched mixed power-generating bacteria and anolyte are placed in the anode chamber of a two-chamber reactor of a microbial fuel cell, and then catholyte is added to the cathode chamber to obtain a high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell; wherein, during the anaerobic acclimation process, the salt tolerance of the power-generating bacteria in the activated sludge is enhanced by using a jump-salinity stress pressure. This invention uses a jump-salinity gradient stimulation method to cultivate power-generating bacteria, and the resulting MFC is adapted to the application scenario of high-salinity wastewater in chemical industry, thus possessing good industrialization prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of microbial fuel cell technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell and its preparation and application. Background Technology

[0002] Energy has always impacted people's quality of life, and with rapid urbanization and industrialization, the energy crisis is intensifying. Energy use generates a series of environmental pollution problems, and the persistently high levels of high-salinity wastewater discharge place enormous pressure on water environment protection. High-salinity wastewater is defined as wastewater with a total salt content exceeding 1%. It has a complex composition and exhibits characteristics of compound pollution, namely high COD values, poor biodegradability, and high toxicity. Therefore, developing new, environmentally friendly, and renewable energy sources and energy supply methods is the main strategy for future energy development. Among various clean energy sources, microbial fuel cells are a highly promising technology. As a novel energy supply method, microbial fuel cells can convert the chemical energy in wastewater into electrical energy, offering advantages such as cleanliness, mild operating conditions, and good environmental compatibility, and have attracted widespread attention.

[0003] Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) utilize the catalytic activity of microorganisms to decompose organic matter and release protons and electrons. Protons are transported from the anode to the cathode, where a reduction reaction occurs, while electrons move towards the cathode through an external circuit to form an electric current. Electroactive microorganisms play a crucial role in biodegradation and power generation; the level of microbial activity directly affects the rate and total amount of electron transfer. Electrotrophic bacteria and electrochemical bacteria are two major categories of conductive microorganisms. Electrotrophic bacteria transfer electrons to the electrode surface, while electrochemical bacteria acquire electrons from the electrode. They are widely used as biocatalysts in various types of systems. Electron exchange between the cell surface and interior has a critical impact on the overall performance of bioelectrochemical systems, especially microbial fuel cells. This electron exchange process not only determines the energy conversion efficiency but also directly regulates cellular metabolic functions. Compared to single bacteria, electroactive microbial communities composed of multiple species establish a microbial community material and energy metabolism network through cellular metabolic cascade reactions and aerobic-anaerobic respiratory chains, effectively broadening the available substrate spectrum and improving electron transfer to enhance environmental stability. During the start-up phase of microbial fuel cells (MFCs), the influence of anolyte composition on microorganisms, as well as the changes in the quantity and types of electrogenic bacteria after inoculation, exhibit significant randomness. These factors significantly impact start-up time, energy consumption, the activity, quantity, and diversity of anaerobic electrogenic bacteria, and ultimately, the efficiency and power generation capacity of the MFC. Therefore, seeking efficient and stable methods for cultivating anolyte electrogenic bacteria is a feasible strategy to improve the power generation of MFCs and advance the development of MFC technology.

[0004] In the prior art, Chinese patent CN 116093390 A discloses the application of Pseudomonas aeruginosa supernatant in microbial fuel cells. This method mainly involves adding the supernatant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa containing a large amount of phenazine to the anode chamber of the microbial fuel cell. This kills most of the bacteria lacking extracellular electron transport capabilities, ensuring a high abundance of electrogenic bacteria on the microbial membrane. Simultaneously, phenazine acts as an electron transport mediator, preventing the internal consumption of electrons generated during organic matter oxidation, thereby increasing the power generation capacity of the MFC. While this method is effective in increasing the abundance of electrogenic bacteria in the anode chamber, it requires a certain amount of time to promote their growth, thus affecting the start-up speed of the MFC.

[0005] Patent CN 116111156 A discloses a stable and efficient power-generating microbial fuel cell, its preparation method, and its application. Four different types of power-generating mixed bacteria are mixed in equal volume ratios as the anode inoculum, and added to the anode chamber along with the anolyte at a volume ratio of 1:1 to 5. The cathode solution is potassium ferricyanide solution to prolong the duration of stable voltage. This method has a certain effect on improving the power generation of the MFC, but it does not reduce the consumption and interference of most non-extracellular electron transport-capable bacteria on the organic matter in the anode chamber.

[0006] Patent CN 112795528 A discloses a method for cultivating electrogenic microbial communities in a microbial fuel cell. By supplying voltage to the microbial anode and cathode via an external power source, the electron-generating and electron-transferring capabilities of the electrogenic microbial communities at the anode of the microbial fuel cell are significantly enhanced, promoting the growth of the anode biofilm, increasing the relative abundance of the electrogenic microbial communities, and thus improving the power generation performance of the microbial fuel cell. While this method is feasible to some extent, the enrichment of electrogenic bacteria requires an external power source, increasing additional consumption and resulting in insufficient energy efficiency.

[0007] Therefore, it is crucial to provide a technical solution that can solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a high-efficiency electrogenic microbial fuel cell, its preparation, and its application. This invention enhances the salt tolerance of electrogenic bacteria through a series of salinity stresses. Simultaneously, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), which has a contamination-inhibiting effect on other bacteria, is added to the culture medium to improve the purity of the electrogenic bacterial community, thereby enriching and cultivating salt-tolerant and highly efficient electrogenic bacteria, ultimately leading to a high-efficiency electrogenic microbial fuel cell.

[0009] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0010] The first objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a high-efficiency electricity-generating microbial fuel cell, comprising the following steps:

[0011] (S1) Anaerobic acclimation of electrogenic bacteria in activated sludge after sieving and impurity removal was carried out to obtain mixed electrogenic bacteria;

[0012] (S2) The mixed electrogenic bacteria prepared in step (S1) are placed in an anaerobic basal medium containing phenazine-1-carboxylic acid for enrichment culture to obtain enriched mixed electrogenic bacteria;

[0013] (S3) The enriched mixed electrogenic bacteria and anolyte prepared in step (S2) are placed in the anode chamber of the dual-chamber reactor of the microbial fuel cell, and then the cathode liquid is added to the cathode chamber to obtain a highly efficient electrogenic microbial fuel cell.

[0014] In step (S1), during the anaerobic acclimatization process, the salt tolerance of electrogenic bacteria in the activated sludge is enhanced by using the stress pressure of jumping salinity.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the anaerobic acclimatization process in step (S1) is specifically as follows:

[0016] (101) The activated sludge after sieving and removing impurities is used as an inoculum, and it is mixed with carbon source and anolyte and placed in the anode chamber of the first microbial fuel cell for stable operation for one cycle.

[0017] (102) The reaction liquid in the anode chamber of the first microbial fuel cell was used as an inoculant. It was mixed with a carbon source and an anolyte containing 18-22 g / L sodium chloride and placed in the anode chamber of the second microbial fuel cell for stable operation for one cycle.

[0018] (103) The reaction liquid in the anode chamber of the second microbial fuel cell was used as an inoculant. It was mixed with a carbon source and an anolyte containing 8-12 g / L sodium chloride and placed in the anode chamber of the third microbial fuel cell for stable operation for one cycle.

[0019] (104) The reaction liquid in the anode chamber of the third microbial fuel cell was used as an inoculant. It was mixed with carbon source and anolyte containing 13-17 g / L sodium chloride and placed in the anode chamber of the fourth microbial fuel cell for stable operation for one cycle.

[0020] (105) The reaction liquid in the anode chamber of the fourth microbial fuel cell was used as an inoculum. It was mixed with carbon source and anolyte containing 3-7 g / L sodium chloride and placed in the anode chamber of the fifth microbial fuel cell. The mixture was then run stably for one cycle to complete the anaerobic acclimation of electrogenic bacteria in activated sludge.

[0021] The cathode liquid in the cathode chambers of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth microbial fuel cells is a 0.1–0.5 mol / L potassium ferricyanide solution.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, activated sludge is sieved using a 200-mesh screen to remove impurities from the activated sludge.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, in a dual-chamber reactor of a microbial fuel cell, the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are separated by a proton exchange membrane, the cathode and the anode are connected by titanium wire (with a resistance of 1000Ω), and finally the titanium wire is connected to an external resistor to form a closed loop.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the anode chamber is subjected to nitrogen blowing deoxygenation treatment before operation and sealed to maintain an anaerobic state, so as to avoid interference with the attachment and growth of anode microorganisms.

[0025] During operation, the temperature ranges from 15 to 40°C.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, the inoculum volume ratio to the anolyte volume ratio is 1:2 to 1:4.

[0027] Preferably, the inoculum volume ratio to the anolyte volume ratio is 1:3.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (S2), the anode containing mixed electrogenic bacteria in the anode chamber of the fifth microbial fuel cell is used as an enrichment substrate for enrichment culture.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (S2), the concentration of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid in the anaerobic basal culture medium containing phenazine-1-carboxylic acid is 10-30 mg / L;

[0030] The anaerobic basal medium comprises the following components at the following concentrations:

[0031] 10–16 g / L peptone, 5–10 g / L yeast extract, 4–10 g / L sodium chloride, 1 g / L starch, 1–3 g / L glucose, 1 g / L sodium pyruvate, 1 g / L arginine, 0.5 g / L sodium succinate, 0.4 g / L sodium bicarbonate, 0.5–1 g / L L-cysteine ​​hydrochloride, 0.5 g / L ferric pyrophosphate, 0.005 g / L hemoglobin, 0.0005–0.001 g / L vitamin K, 1 g / L DTT, 0.5 g / L sodium thioglycolate, in deionized water.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the phenazine-1-carboxylic acid mother liquor is prepared by the following method: 0.02 g of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid is weighed and dissolved completely in 4.0 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, and the final concentration of the phenazine-1-carboxylic acid mother liquor is 5 mg / mL.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid in the anaerobic basal medium containing phenazine-1-carboxylic acid is 15 mg / L.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (S2), during the enrichment culture process, the temperature is 15–40°C and the rotation speed is 50–300 rpm until the bacterial suspension OD 600 It ranges from 0.6 to 1.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, after the enrichment culture is completed, the enriched culture solution is centrifuged at 6000 rpm for 5 to 10 minutes, and the precipitate is the enriched mixed electrogenic bacteria.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the anolyte comprises the following components at the following concentrations:

[0037] 1.42 g / L sodium acetate, 1–4 g / L glucose, 6.57 g / L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 2.88 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2–0.4 g / L ammonium chloride, 0.13 g / L potassium chloride, 5–10 mL / L vitamin solution, 10–15 mL / L trace element solution, with deionized water as the solvent;

[0038] The catholy solution is a 0.1–0.5 mol / L potassium ferricyanide solution.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the vitamin solution comprises the following components at the following concentrations:

[0040] 5 mg / L Vitamin B1, 5 mg / L Vitamin B2, 5 mg / L Vitamin B3, 5 mg / L Vitamin B5, 10 mg / L Vitamin B6, 2 mg / L Vitamin B7, 2 mg / L Vitamin B9, 1 mg / L Vitamin B12, 5 mg / L para-aminobenzoic acid, 5 mg / L lipoic acid, in deionized water;

[0041] The trace element solution comprises the following components at the following concentrations:

[0042] 1.5 g / L aminotriacetic acid, 1 g / L sodium chloride, 3 g / L MgSO4·7H2O, 0.5 g / L MnSO4·H2O, 0.1 g / L FeSO4·7H2O, 0.152 g / L CoCl2·6H2O, 0.1 g / L CaCl2·2H2O, 0.1 g / L ZnSO4, 0.1 g / L CuSO4·5H2O, 0.02 g / L KAl(SO4)2·12H2O, 0.01 g / L boric acid, 0.01 g / L Na2MoO4·2H2O, 0.03 g / L NiSO4·6H2O, 1 mg / L Na2SeO3·5H2O, in deionized water.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, the anode chamber and cathode chamber in the dual-chamber reactor of the microbial fuel cell are separated by a pretreated Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane;

[0044] Specifically, the preprocessing method is as follows:

[0045] The Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane was boiled in hydrogen peroxide and then immersed in a 5% sodium chloride solution.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, both the anode and the cathode are modified carbon felts obtained through a modified pretreatment process, specifically including the following steps:

[0047] The carbon felt was soaked in 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution for 12–36 h, rinsed with deionized water until neutral, then soaked in 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 12–24 h, rinsed with deionized water until neutral, and dried at 105 °C for 3 h. Then it was soaked in an acidic potassium dichromate solution composed of 1 mol / L sulfuric acid and 0.4 mol / L potassium dichromate, heated in a water bath at 60 °C for 1 h, repeatedly washed with deionized water until neutral, and then air-dried. Finally, it was placed in a muffle furnace and heated at 450 °C for 30 min to obtain the modified carbon felt.

[0048] The second objective of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell prepared by the above method.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the output voltage at both ends of the high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell is monitored to be stable, it indicates that the high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell has been successfully started.

[0050] The third objective of this invention is to provide an application of a high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell in the field of high-salt wastewater treatment.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0052] (1) The present invention uses a jumping salinity gradient stimulation method to cultivate electrogenic bacteria. The resulting MFC is adapted to the application scenario of high salinity wastewater in chemical industry. This method is effective for any kind of activated sludge, and therefore has good industrialization prospects.

[0053] (2) The present invention applies the phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) contaminant inhibition method to the enrichment culture of electrogenic bacteria. The reduction of contaminants and the enhancement of electrogenic bacteria result in a significant increase in the power generation capacity of the obtained MFC device and a significant reduction in start-up time, which has good prospects for industrialization. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 The voltage variation graphs for MFC-1 and MFC-2 are shown.

[0055] Figure 2 The voltage variation graphs for MFC-3, MFC-4, and MFC-7 are shown.

[0056] Figure 3 The voltage variation graphs for MFC-5, MFC-6, and MFC-8 are shown.

[0057] Figure 4 Power density curves for MFC-1, MFC-3, and MFC-7.

[0058] Figure 5 Power density curves for MFC-2, MFC-4, and MFC-8. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0060] In the following embodiments, the activated sludge is derived from the secondary sedimentation tank of a chemical and pharmaceutical company's wastewater treatment plant.

[0061] The anolyte comprises the following components at the following concentrations:

[0062] 1.42 g / L sodium acetate, 1 g / L glucose, 6.57 g / L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 2.88 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.31 g / L ammonium chloride, 0.13 g / L potassium chloride, 6 mL / L vitamin solution, 15 mL / L trace element solution, with deionized water as the solvent;

[0063] The phenazine-1-carboxylic acid stock solution was a 5 mg / mL phenazine-1-carboxylic acid solution (with dimethyl sulfoxide as the solvent);

[0064] The anaerobic basal medium comprises the following components at the following concentrations:

[0065] 16 g / L peptone, 6 g / L yeast extract, 5 g / L sodium chloride, 1 g / L starch, 1 g / L glucose, 1 g / L sodium pyruvate, 1 g / L arginine, 0.5 g / L sodium succinate, 0.4 g / L sodium bicarbonate, 0.5 g / L L-cysteine ​​HCl, 0.5 g / L ferric pyrophosphate, 0.005 g / L hemoglobin, 0.0005 g / L vitamin K, 1 g / L DTT, 0.5 g / L sodium thioglycolate, in deionized water; sterilized at 121℃ and 105 kPa for 30 min.

[0066] 60% glycerol was prepared by the following method: 60 mL of glycerol was added to a 100 mL volumetric flask, and the volume was adjusted to ultrapure water. The flask was sterilized at 121 °C and 105 kPa for 30 min and stored at room temperature.

[0067] Method for preserving bacterial strains: Add 0.75 mL of bacterial culture to 0.25 mL of 60% glycerol and mix thoroughly to obtain a mixture; place the mixture at room temperature for 30 min and then transfer it to an ultra-low temperature freezer for freezing.

[0068] The first, second, third, fourth, and fifth microbial fuel cells used below are all dual-chamber microbial fuel cell reactors. The working volume of both the cathode and anode chambers is 120 mL. The anode and cathode chambers are separated by a proton exchange membrane (pretreated Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane: the Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane is boiled in hydrogen peroxide and then immersed in a 5 wt% sodium chloride solution). An anode electrode is installed in the anode chamber, and a cathode electrode is installed in the cathode chamber. A 0.6 mm diameter titanium wire is used to connect the anode and cathode circuits, and a 1000 Ω resistor is used to connect the external circuit to form a closed loop.

[0069] Both the anode and cathode electrodes are 2 mm thick and have an area of ​​9 cm². 2 Modified carbon felt (3cm*3cm);

[0070] Modified carbon felt was prepared in the following manner:

[0071] The carbon felt was soaked in 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution for 24 h, rinsed with deionized water until neutral, then soaked in 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution for 18 h, rinsed with deionized water until neutral, and dried at 105 °C for 3 h. Then it was soaked in an acidic potassium dichromate solution composed of 1 mol / L sulfuric acid and 0.4 mol / L potassium dichromate, heated in a water bath at 60 °C for 1 h, repeatedly washed with deionized water until neutral, and then air-dried. Finally, it was placed in a muffle furnace and heated at 450 °C for 30 min to obtain modified carbon felt.

[0072] Before operation of the dual-chamber reactor of the microbial fuel cell (after the inoculum and anolyte are added), the anode chamber is purged with nitrogen to remove oxygen and sealed to maintain an anaerobic state, so as to avoid interference with the attachment and growth of microorganisms in the anode. When the potassium ferricyanide solution in the cathode chamber changes from yellow to light green, the potassium ferricyanide solution needs to be replaced.

[0073] Power density and polarization curves were determined using the variable resistance method. The external resistance was changed sequentially from large to small, ranging from 100 to 10000 Ω, with resistance values ​​of 10000 Ω, 8000 Ω, 6000 Ω, 4000 Ω, 2000 Ω, 1000 Ω, 800 Ω, 600 Ω, 400 Ω, 200 Ω, and 100 Ω. A Lamborghini voltage testing system was used to monitor the voltage, running for 20–30 minutes at each resistance value. The stable voltage at each resistance value was recorded, and the corresponding current was calculated.

[0074] The polarization curves are plotted for different voltages at different current densities, calculated using U = I × (r + R), where r (Ω) is the internal resistance of a stable and efficient power-generating microbial fuel cell, and R is the external resistance. The power density curves are plotted for different power densities at different current densities, calculated using P = U 2 The power density is calculated using the formula / (R×A), where R is the external resistance value, and mA (m 2 () represents the area of ​​the anode electrode. The maximum power density on the curve is defined as P when R = r.

[0075] Unless otherwise specified, all reagents used are commercially available, and all detection methods and techniques used are conventional in this field.

[0076] Example 1

[0077] This embodiment provides a method for culturing and enriching mixed electrogenic bacteria, specifically including the following steps:

[0078] (S1) After the activated sludge is allowed to stand and sealed, the supernatant is discarded. Then, impurities are removed using a 200-mesh sieve. Anode liquid is added to immerse the sludge to provide nutrients required for microbial growth and metabolism, and to maintain high microbial activity. A mixed sludge with a concentration of 10 g / L is obtained. The mixed sludge is then placed in a mixer and sealed and stirred at room temperature for 3 days to obtain pretreated activated sludge.

[0079] (S2) The pretreated activated sludge prepared in step (S1) is used as an inoculum (the volume ratio of inoculum to anolyte is 1:3). It is mixed with the anolyte and placed in the anode chamber of the first microbial fuel cell for stable operation for one cycle.

[0080] The reaction liquid in the anode chamber of the first microbial fuel cell was used as an inoculum. It was mixed with the anolyte containing 20 g / L sodium chloride and placed in the anode chamber of the second microbial fuel cell for stable operation for one cycle.

[0081] The reaction liquid in the anode chamber of the second microbial fuel cell was used as an inoculum. It was mixed with the anolyte containing 10 g / L sodium chloride and placed in the anode chamber of the third microbial fuel cell for stable operation for one cycle.

[0082] The reaction liquid in the anode chamber of the third microbial fuel cell was used as an inoculum. It was mixed with the anolyte containing 15 g / L sodium chloride and placed in the anode chamber of the fourth microbial fuel cell for stable operation for one cycle.

[0083] The reaction liquid in the anode chamber of the fourth microbial fuel cell was used as an inoculum. It was mixed with the anolyte containing 5 g / L sodium chloride and placed in the anode chamber of the fifth microbial fuel cell. After one stable cycle, the anaerobic acclimatization of electrogenic bacteria in the activated sludge was completed.

[0084] (S3) Cut the anode electrode containing mixed electrogenic bacteria in the anode chamber of the fifth microbial fuel cell in step (S2) to obtain a thickness of 2 mm and an area of ​​1 cm². 2 The anode electrode was used as the enrichment substrate; it was washed several times with phosphate buffer (50 mM, pH 7), and then transferred to sterile anaerobic basal medium containing 15 mg / L phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, and cultured at 30 °C and 150 rpm until the bacterial OD reached the target value. 600 The concentration was 0.8, resulting in an enriched mixed electrogenic bacteria solution 1.

[0085] Comparative Example 1

[0086] This comparative example provides a method for enriching mixed electrogenic bacteria through culture, specifically including the following steps:

[0087] (S1) After the activated sludge is allowed to stand and sealed, the supernatant is discarded. Then, impurities are removed using a 200-mesh sieve. Anode liquid is added to immerse the sludge to provide nutrients required for microbial growth and metabolism, and to maintain high microbial activity. A mixed sludge with a concentration of 10 g / L is obtained. The mixed sludge is then placed in a mixer and sealed and stirred at room temperature for 3 days to obtain pretreated activated sludge.

[0088] (S2) The pretreated activated sludge prepared in step (S1) is used as an inoculum (the volume ratio of inoculum to anolyte is 1:3). It is mixed with the anolyte and placed in the anode chamber of the first microbial fuel cell for stable operation for one cycle.

[0089] The reaction liquid in the anode chamber of the first microbial fuel cell was used as an inoculum. It was mixed with the anolyte containing 20 g / L sodium chloride and placed in the anode chamber of the second microbial fuel cell for stable operation for one cycle.

[0090] The reaction liquid in the anode chamber of the second microbial fuel cell was used as an inoculum. It was mixed with the anolyte containing 10 g / L sodium chloride and placed in the anode chamber of the third microbial fuel cell for stable operation for one cycle.

[0091] The reaction liquid in the anode chamber of the third microbial fuel cell was used as an inoculum. It was mixed with the anolyte containing 15 g / L sodium chloride and placed in the anode chamber of the fourth microbial fuel cell for stable operation for one cycle.

[0092] The reaction liquid in the anode chamber of the fourth microbial fuel cell was used as an inoculum. It was mixed with the anolyte containing 5 g / L sodium chloride and placed in the anode chamber of the fifth microbial fuel cell. After one stable cycle, the anaerobic acclimatization of electrogenic bacteria in the activated sludge was completed.

[0093] (S3) Cut the anode electrode containing mixed electrogenic bacteria in the anode chamber of the fifth microbial fuel cell in step (S2) to obtain a thickness of 2 mm and an area of ​​1 cm². 2 The anode electrode was used as the enrichment substrate; it was washed several times with phosphate buffer (50 mM, pH 7), then transferred to sterile anaerobic basal medium and incubated at 30°C and 150 rpm until the bacterial OD reached the target value. 600 The concentration was 0.8, resulting in an enriched mixed electrogenic bacteria solution 2.

[0094] Example 2

[0095] This embodiment provides a high-efficiency electricity-generating microbial fuel cell, as detailed below:

[0096] In the anode chamber: 40 mL of the enriched mixed electrogenic bacteria 1 solution prepared in Example 1 was centrifuged at 6000 rpm for 8 min. The precipitated bacteria were resuspended in anolyte in a clean bench and added to the anode chamber to replenish the anolyte. The anode chamber was then subjected to nitrogen blowing deoxygenation treatment.

[0097] In the cathode chamber: 0.1 mol / L potassium ferricyanide solution was added to obtain a high-efficiency electricity-generating microbial fuel cell: MFC-1.

[0098] The high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell MFC-1 prepared in this embodiment was placed in a constant temperature incubator at 30°C. The voltage was monitored using the Lamborghini voltage testing system, and the voltage value was collected every 5 minutes and the data was automatically saved. When the voltage was lower than 50mV, one cycle was completed.

[0099] When the voltage drops below 50mV, replace two-thirds of the anolyte and restart, allowing the microbial fuel cell to run for three cycles. The start-up time is the time required from the start of operation when the voltage is monitored until the maximum stable voltage is reached.

[0100] The voltage variation diagram of MFC-1 in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the power density curve is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0101] Comparative Example 2

[0102] This comparative example provides a high-efficiency electricity-generating microbial fuel cell, as detailed below:

[0103] In the anode chamber: 40 mL of the enriched mixed electrogenic bacteria 2 solution prepared in Comparative Example 1 was centrifuged at 6000 rpm for 8 min. The precipitated bacteria were resuspended in anolyte in an ultra-clean workbench and added to the anode chamber to replenish the anolyte. The anode chamber was then subjected to nitrogen blowing deoxygenation treatment.

[0104] In the cathode chamber: 0.1 mol / L potassium ferricyanide solution was added to obtain a high-efficiency electricity-generating microbial fuel cell: MFC-2.

[0105] The high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell MFC-2 prepared in this comparative example was placed in a constant temperature incubator at 30℃. The voltage was monitored using the Lamborghini voltage testing system. The voltage value was collected every 5 minutes and the data was automatically saved. When the voltage was lower than 50mV, one cycle was completed.

[0106] When the voltage drops below 50mV, replace two-thirds of the anolyte and restart, allowing the microbial fuel cell to run for three cycles. The start-up time is the time required from the start of operation when the voltage is monitored until the maximum stable voltage is reached.

[0107] The voltage variation graph of the MFC-2 in this comparative example is shown below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0108] The output voltage of the high-efficiency electrogenic microbial fuel cells prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the MFC-1 has a maximum stable voltage of 752mV and a maximum power density of 711.8mW·m. 2 The stable power generation time was 125 hours, and the power generation cycle time was 264 hours. The maximum stable voltage of MFC-2 was 715mV, the stable power generation time was 132 hours, and the power generation cycle time was 264 hours. The voltage of Example 2 was higher than that of Comparative Example 2, and the time to reach the maximum stable voltage was shorter than that of Comparative Example 2.

[0109] Example 3

[0110] This embodiment provides a high-efficiency electricity-generating microbial fuel cell, as detailed below:

[0111] In the anode chamber: the enriched mixed electrogenic bacteria 1 solution from Example 1 is mixed with the pretreated activated sludge from Example 1 at a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain bacterial suspension 1; 40 mL of bacterial suspension 1 is added to the anode chamber, then replenished with anolyte, and the anode chamber is subjected to nitrogen blowing deoxygenation treatment.

[0112] In the cathode chamber: 0.1 mol / L potassium ferricyanide solution was added to obtain a high-efficiency electricity-generating microbial fuel cell: MFC-3.

[0113] The high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell MFC-3 prepared in this embodiment was placed in a constant temperature incubator at 30°C. The voltage was monitored using the Lamborghini voltage testing system, and the voltage value was collected every 5 minutes and the data was automatically saved. When the voltage was lower than 50mV, one cycle was completed.

[0114] When the voltage drops below 50mV, replace two-thirds of the anolyte and restart, allowing the microbial fuel cell to run for three cycles. The start-up time is the time required from the start of operation when the voltage is monitored until the maximum stable voltage is reached.

[0115] The voltage variation diagram of MFC-3 in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the power density curve is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0116] Comparative Example 3

[0117] This comparative example provides a high-efficiency electricity-generating microbial fuel cell, as detailed below:

[0118] In the anode chamber: the enriched mixed electrogenic bacteria 2 solution from Comparative Example 1 was mixed with the pretreated activated sludge from Comparative Example 1 at a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain bacterial suspension 2; 40 mL of bacterial suspension 2 was added to the anode chamber, then replenished with anolyte, and the anode chamber was subjected to nitrogen blowing deoxygenation treatment.

[0119] In the cathode chamber: 0.1 mol / L potassium ferricyanide solution was added to obtain a high-efficiency electricity-generating microbial fuel cell: MFC-4.

[0120] The high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell MFC-4 prepared in this comparative example was placed in a constant temperature incubator at 30℃. The voltage was monitored using the Lamborghini voltage testing system. The voltage value was collected every 5 minutes and the data was automatically saved. When the voltage was lower than 50mV, one cycle was completed.

[0121] When the voltage drops below 50mV, replace two-thirds of the anolyte and restart, allowing the microbial fuel cell to run for three cycles. The start-up time is the time required from the start of operation when the voltage is monitored until the maximum stable voltage is reached.

[0122] The voltage variation graph of the MFC-4 in this comparative example is shown below. Figure 2 As shown.

[0123] The voltage changes of the microbial fuel cells prepared in Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the maximum stable voltage of MFC-3 is 706mV, the stable power generation time is 115h, and the power generation cycle time is 235h. The maximum stable voltage of MFC-4 is 694mV, the stable power generation time is 120h, and the power generation cycle time is 246h. It can be seen that the voltage of Example 3 is higher than that of Comparative Example 3, and its start-up time is slightly faster than that of Comparative Example 3. The power density curve of MFC-3 is shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown, through Figure 4 It can be observed that the maximum power density of MFC-3 is 700.4 mW / m³. 2 .

[0124] Example 4

[0125] This embodiment provides a high-efficiency electricity-generating microbial fuel cell, as detailed below:

[0126] In the anode chamber: the enriched mixed electrogenic bacteria 1 solution from Example 1 is mixed with the pretreated activated sludge from Example 1 at a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain bacterial suspension 1; 40 mL of bacterial suspension 1 is added to the anode chamber, then replenished with anolyte, and the anode chamber is subjected to nitrogen blowing deoxygenation treatment.

[0127] In the cathode chamber: 40 mL of pretreated aerobic activated sludge is added, and then cathodic liquid is added to make up the volume. An aeration head is placed in the cathode chamber, and the aeration rate is adjusted so that small bubbles emerge slowly and evenly from the aeration head to provide oxygen to the cathode chamber. Oxygen and other substances are used as proton acceptors to obtain a high-efficiency electrogenic microbial fuel cell: MFC-5.

[0128] The high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell MFC-5 prepared in this embodiment was placed in a constant temperature incubator at 30°C. The voltage was monitored using the Lamborghini voltage testing system, and the voltage value was collected every 5 minutes and the data was automatically saved. When the voltage was lower than 50mV, one cycle was completed.

[0129] When the voltage drops below 50mV, replace two-thirds of the anolyte and restart, allowing the microbial fuel cell to run for three cycles. The start-up time is the time required from the start of operation when the voltage is monitored until the maximum stable voltage is reached.

[0130] The voltage variation diagram of MFC-5 in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the power density curve is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0131] In this embodiment, the pretreated aerobic activated sludge was prepared by the following method:

[0132] After the activated sludge is allowed to settle and seal, the supernatant is discarded. Impurities are then removed using a 200-mesh sieve. Cathodic solution is added to submerge the sludge, providing nutrients for microbial growth and metabolism, maintaining high microbial activity, resulting in a mixed sludge concentration of 4 g / L. At room temperature, the activated sludge and wastewater are placed in a tank, and an aeration pump is added at an aeration flow rate of 6 L / min. The mixture is then incubated at room temperature for 10 days until the sludge-water mixture turns yellow (this is called sludge aeration acclimatization culture), yielding pretreated aerobic activated sludge.

[0133] In this embodiment, the catholyte comprises the following components at the following concentrations:

[0134] 1.42 g / L sodium nitrate, 2 g / L sodium bicarbonate, 0.31 g / L ammonium chloride, 0.13 g / L potassium chloride, 2.88 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6.57 g / L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, in deionized water.

[0135] Comparative Example 4

[0136] This embodiment provides a high-efficiency electricity-generating microbial fuel cell, as detailed below:

[0137] In the anode chamber: the enriched mixed electrogenic bacteria 1 solution from Comparative Example 1 was mixed with the pretreated activated sludge from Comparative Example 1 at a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain bacterial suspension 2; 40 mL of bacterial suspension 2 was added to the anode chamber, then replenished with anolyte, and the anode chamber was subjected to nitrogen blowing deoxygenation treatment.

[0138] In the cathode chamber: 40 mL of pretreated aerobic activated sludge is added, and then the mixture is replenished with cathodic liquid. An aeration head is placed in the cathode chamber, and the aeration rate is adjusted so that small, uniform bubbles emerge slowly from the aeration head to provide oxygen to the cathode chamber. Oxygen and other substances act as proton acceptors, resulting in a high-efficiency electrogenic microbial fuel cell: MFC-6.

[0139] The high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell MFC-6 prepared in this comparative example was placed in a constant temperature incubator at 30℃. The voltage was monitored using the Lamborghini voltage testing system. The voltage value was collected every 5 minutes and the data was automatically saved. When the voltage was lower than 50mV, one cycle was completed.

[0140] When the voltage drops below 50mV, replace two-thirds of the anolyte and restart, allowing the microbial fuel cell to run for three cycles. The start-up time is the time required from the start of operation when the voltage is monitored until the maximum stable voltage is reached.

[0141] The voltage variation graph of the MFC-6 in this comparative example is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the power density curve is as follows: Figure 5 As shown

[0142] In this comparative example, the pretreated aerobic activated sludge was prepared by the following method:

[0143] After the activated sludge is allowed to settle and seal, the supernatant is discarded. Impurities are then removed using a 200-mesh sieve. Anodic solution is added to submerge the sludge, providing nutrients for microbial growth and metabolism, maintaining high microbial activity, resulting in a mixed sludge concentration of 4 g / L. At room temperature, the activated sludge and wastewater are placed in a tank, and an aeration pump is added at an aeration flow rate of 6 L / min. The mixture is then incubated at room temperature for 10 days until the sludge-water mixture turns yellow (this is called sludge aeration acclimatization culture), yielding pretreated aerobic activated sludge.

[0144] The catholyte in this comparative example includes the following components at the following concentrations:

[0145] 1.42 g / L sodium nitrate, 2 g / L sodium bicarbonate, 0.31 g / L ammonium chloride, 0.13 g / L potassium chloride, 2.88 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6.57 g / L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, in deionized water.

[0146] The voltage changes of the two groups of microbial fuel cells prepared in Example 4 and Comparative Example 4 are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the voltage of the biocathode is significantly lower than that of the microbial fuel cell using potassium ferricyanide solution as the cathode, and the biocathode MFC requires a longer time to reach its maximum voltage, resulting in a shorter stable power generation time compared to the MFC using potassium ferricyanide solution as the cathode. The maximum stable voltage of MFC-5 (Example 4) is 452 mV, and the maximum power density is 537.5 mW / m³. 2 The stable power generation time is 104 hours, and the power generation cycle time is 158 hours. The maximum stable voltage of MFC-6 is 415mV, and the maximum power density is 505.1mW / m³. 2 The stable power generation time is 91 hours, and the power generation cycle time is 158 hours. Furthermore, the start-up time of MFC-5 is slightly shorter than that of MFC-6.

[0147] Comparative Example 5

[0148] This comparative example provides a high-efficiency electricity-generating microbial fuel cell, as detailed below:

[0149] In the anode chamber: 40 mL of the pretreated activated sludge from Example 1 was added to the anode chamber, then replenished with anolyte, and the anode chamber was subjected to nitrogen blowing deoxygenation treatment;

[0150] In the cathode chamber: 0.1 mol / L potassium ferricyanide solution was added to obtain a high-efficiency electricity-generating microbial fuel cell: MFC-7.

[0151] The high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell MFC-7 prepared in this comparative example was placed in a constant temperature incubator at 30°C. The voltage was monitored using the Lamborghini voltage testing system, and the voltage value was collected every 5 minutes and the data was automatically saved. When the voltage was lower than 50mV, it was considered that one cycle was completed.

[0152] When the voltage drops below 50mV, replace two-thirds of the anolyte and restart, allowing the microbial fuel cell to run for three cycles. The start-up time is the time required from the start of operation when the voltage is monitored until the maximum stable voltage is reached.

[0153] The voltage variation graph of the MFC-7 in this comparative example is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the power density curve is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0154] The voltage variation graph of MFC-7 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, its maximum stable voltage is 665mV, stable power generation time is 102h, power generation cycle time is 252h, and the maximum power of MFC-7 is 645.5mW·m. 2 Compared to Example 3, the anode inoculum consisted only of activated sludge, resulting in a relatively lower maximum stable voltage. It can be concluded that the voltage generated is related to the anode inoculum; the more electrogenic bacteria in the inoculum, the more electrons are generated during the degradation of organic matter, leading to a higher voltage in the microbial fuel cell.

[0155] Table 1. Power generation performance of MFC-3, MFC-4, and MFC-7

[0156]

[0157] Comparative Example 6

[0158] This embodiment provides a high-efficiency electricity-generating microbial fuel cell, as detailed below:

[0159] In the anode chamber: 40 mL of the pretreated activated sludge from Example 1 was added to the anode chamber, then replenished with anolyte, and the anode chamber was subjected to nitrogen blowing deoxygenation treatment;

[0160] In the cathode chamber: 40 mL of pretreated aerobic activated sludge is added, and then the mixture is replenished with cathodic liquid. An aeration head is placed in the cathode chamber, and the aeration rate is adjusted so that small, uniform bubbles emerge slowly from the aeration head to provide oxygen to the cathode chamber. Oxygen and other substances act as proton acceptors, resulting in a high-efficiency electrogenic microbial fuel cell: MFC-8.

[0161] The high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell MFC-8 prepared in this embodiment was placed in a constant temperature incubator at 30°C. The voltage was monitored using the Lamborghini voltage testing system, and the voltage value was collected every 5 minutes and the data was automatically saved. When the voltage was lower than 50mV, one cycle was completed.

[0162] When the voltage drops below 50mV, replace two-thirds of the anolyte and restart, allowing the microbial fuel cell to run for three cycles. The start-up time is the time required from the start of operation when the voltage is monitored until the maximum stable voltage is reached.

[0163] The voltage variation graph of the MFC-8 in this comparative example is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the power density curve is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0164] In this comparative example, the pretreated aerobic activated sludge was prepared by the following method:

[0165] After the activated sludge is allowed to settle and seal, the supernatant is discarded. Impurities are then removed using a 200-mesh sieve. Anodic solution is added to submerge the sludge, providing nutrients for microbial growth and metabolism, maintaining high microbial activity, resulting in a mixed sludge concentration of 4 g / L. At room temperature, the activated sludge and wastewater are placed in a tank, and an aeration pump is added at an aeration flow rate of 6 L / min. The mixture is then incubated at room temperature for 10 days until the sludge-water mixture turns yellow (this is called sludge aeration acclimatization culture), yielding pretreated aerobic activated sludge.

[0166] The catholyte in this comparative example includes the following components at the following concentrations:

[0167] 1.42 g / L sodium nitrate, 2 g / L sodium bicarbonate, 0.31 g / L ammonium chloride, 0.13 g / L potassium chloride, 2.88 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6.57 g / L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, in deionized water.

[0168] The voltage results of MFC-8 in this comparative example are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the MFC-8 has a maximum stable voltage of 362mV, a power generation cycle length of 143h, and a maximum power density of 411.7mW·m. 2 The start-up time is 42 hours. It can be concluded that the voltage generated is related to the anode inoculum and the cathode electron acceptor. The more electrogenic bacteria in the inoculum, the more electrons are produced during the degradation of organic matter, the faster the reduction reaction occurs at the cathode, and the higher the voltage generated by the microbial fuel cell.

[0169] Table 2 Power generation performance of MFC-3, MFC-4, and MFC-8

[0170]

[0171] pass Figure 1 It can be observed that the maximum output voltage and power density of Example 2 are slightly higher than those of Comparative Example 2. The power generation performance of MFC is mainly related to the power-generating bacteria, indicating that adding phenazine-1-carboxylic acid during the cultivation of power-generating bacteria can promote their proliferation and inhibit the growth of miscellaneous bacteria, thereby improving the power generation performance.

[0172] pass Figure 2 It can be observed that, with the cathode solution being 0.1 mol / L potassium ferricyanide, the maximum output voltage and power density of Example 3 are slightly higher than those of Comparative Example 3. Comparative Example 5 (MFC-7), with only activated sludge as the anode inoculum, has a relatively lower maximum output voltage. This indicates that the voltage generated is related to the anode inoculum; the more electrogenic bacteria in the inoculum, the more electrons are generated during the degradation of organic matter, resulting in a higher voltage for the microbial fuel cell.

[0173] pass Figure 3 It can be observed that the voltage of the biocathode is significantly lower than that of the microbial fuel cell using potassium ferricyanide solution as the cathode, and the biocathode MFC requires a longer time to reach its maximum voltage, resulting in a shorter stable power generation time compared to the MFC using potassium ferricyanide solution as the cathode.

[0174] pass Figure 4 It can be observed that the maximum output power is: MFC-1 > MFC-3 > MFC-7. With the catholyte being 0.1 mol / L potassium ferricyanide, the output voltage and maximum power density are higher depending on the anode inoculum, specifically the number of electrogenic bacteria in the inoculum.

[0175] pass Figure 5 It can be observed that the maximum output power is: MFC-5 > MFC-6 > MFC-8. When all cathodes are biological cathodes, the greater the number of electrogenic bacteria in the inoculum, the higher the output voltage and maximum power density.

[0176] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the interpretation of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the invention, should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (S1) Anaerobic acclimation of electrogenic bacteria in activated sludge after sieving and impurity removal was carried out to obtain mixed electrogenic bacteria; (S2) The mixed electrogenic bacteria prepared in step (S1) are placed in an anaerobic basal medium containing phenazine-1-carboxylic acid for enrichment culture to obtain enriched mixed electrogenic bacteria; (S3) The enriched mixed electrogenic bacteria and anolyte prepared in step (S2) are placed in the anode chamber of the dual-chamber reactor of the microbial fuel cell, and then the cathode liquid is added to the cathode chamber to obtain a highly efficient electrogenic microbial fuel cell. In step (S1), during the anaerobic acclimatization process, the salt tolerance of electrogenic bacteria in the activated sludge is enhanced by using the stress pressure of jumping salinity.

2. The method for preparing a high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (S1), the anaerobic acclimatization process is as follows: (101) The activated sludge after sieving and removing impurities is used as an inoculum, and it is mixed with carbon source and anolyte and placed in the anode chamber of the first microbial fuel cell for stable operation for one cycle. (102) The reaction liquid in the anode chamber of the first microbial fuel cell was used as an inoculant. It was mixed with a carbon source and an anolyte containing 18-22 g / L sodium chloride and placed in the anode chamber of the second microbial fuel cell for stable operation for one cycle. (103) The reaction liquid in the anode chamber of the second microbial fuel cell was used as an inoculant. It was mixed with a carbon source and an anolyte containing 8-12 g / L sodium chloride and placed in the anode chamber of the third microbial fuel cell for stable operation for one cycle. (104) The reaction liquid in the anode chamber of the third microbial fuel cell was used as an inoculant. It was mixed with a carbon source and an anolyte containing 13-17 g / L sodium chloride and placed in the anode chamber of the fourth microbial fuel cell for stable operation for one cycle. (105) The reaction liquid in the anode chamber of the fourth microbial fuel cell was used as an inoculant. It was mixed with carbon source and anolyte containing 3-7 g / L sodium chloride and placed in the anode chamber of the fifth microbial fuel cell. The mixture was then run stably for one cycle to complete the anaerobic acclimatization of electrogenic bacteria in activated sludge. The cathode liquid in the cathode chambers of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth microbial fuel cells is a 0.1–0.5 mol / L potassium ferricyanide solution.

3. The method for preparing a high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inoculum volume ratio to the anolyte volume is 1:2 to 1:

4.

4. The method for preparing a high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (S2), the anode containing mixed electrogenic bacteria in the anode chamber of the fifth microbial fuel cell is used as the enrichment substrate for enrichment culture.

5. The method for preparing a high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (S2), the concentration of phenazine-1-carboxylic acid in the anaerobic basal medium containing phenazine-1-carboxylic acid is 10–30 mg / L; The anaerobic basal medium comprises the following components at the following concentrations: 10–16 g / L peptone, 5–10 g / L yeast extract, 4–10 g / L sodium chloride, 1 g / L starch, 1–3 g / L glucose, 1 g / L sodium pyruvate, 1 g / L arginine, 0.5 g / L sodium succinate, 0.4 g / L sodium bicarbonate, 0.5–1 g / L L-cysteine ​​hydrochloride, 0.5 g / L ferric pyrophosphate, 0.005 g / L hemoglobin, 0.0005–0.001 g / L vitamin K, 1 g / L DTT, 0.5 g / L sodium thioglycolate, in deionized water.

6. The method for preparing a high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (S2), during the enrichment culture, the temperature is 15–40℃ and the rotation speed is 50–300 rpm until the bacterial suspension OD... 600 It ranges from 0.6 to 1.

7. The method for preparing a high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anolyte comprises the following components at the following concentrations: 1.42 g / L sodium acetate, 1–4 g / L glucose, 6.57 g / L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 2.88 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2–0.4 g / L ammonium chloride, 0.13 g / L potassium chloride, 5–10 mL / L vitamin solution, 10–15 mL / L trace element solution, with deionized water as the solvent; The catholy solution is a 0.1–0.5 mol / L potassium ferricyanide solution.

8. The method for preparing a high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that, The vitamin solution comprises the following components at the following concentrations: 5 mg / L Vitamin B1, 5 mg / L Vitamin B2, 5 mg / L Vitamin B3, 5 mg / L Vitamin B5, 10 mg / L Vitamin B6, 2 mg / L Vitamin B7, 2 mg / L Vitamin B9, 1 mg / L Vitamin B12, 5 mg / L para-aminobenzoic acid, 5 mg / L lipoic acid, in deionized water; The trace element solution comprises the following components at the following concentrations: 1.5 g / L aminotriacetic acid, 1 g / L sodium chloride, 3 g / L MgSO4·7H2O, 0.5 g / L MnSO4·H2O, 0.1 g / L FeSO4·7H2O, 0.152 g / L CoCl2·6H2O, 0.1 g / L CaCl2·2H2O, 0.1 g / L ZnSO4, 0.1 g / L CuSO4·5H2O, 0.02 g / L KAl(SO4)2·12H2O, 0.01 g / L boric acid, 0.01 g / L Na2MoO4·2H2O, 0.03 g / L NiSO4·6H2O, 1 mg / L Na2SeO3·5H2O, in deionized water.

9. A high-efficiency electricity-generating microbial fuel cell, characterized in that, It is prepared by any one of the methods described in claims 1 to 8.

10. The application of a high-efficiency power-generating microbial fuel cell as described in claim 9 in the field of high-salt wastewater treatment.

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