Multi-medium ecological treatment system and method for rural domestic miscellaneous drainage in high and cold and dry areas

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a multi-medium ecological treatment system and method for rural domestic miscellaneous drainage in high and cold and dry areas, the multi-medium ecological treatment system comprises a sewage collection tank, a multi-point water inlet and outlet device and a multi-medium ecological purification pipe, the front of the multi-medium ecological purification pipe is connected with the sewage collection tank, and yellow acorus calamus is planted on the upper layer; the plant has strong cold resistance, and can adsorb total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in grey water; the middle layer is a primary purification layer and is filled with an iron-carbon microelectronic composite material; the primary purification layer, the nitration reaction layer, the biological phosphorus removal layer and the denitrification reaction layer are sequentially arranged to achieve suspended particulate matter filtration, phosphorus removal treatment and nitrogen removal treatment, the functional structure is clear and simple, the middle layer is filled with the iron-carbon microelectronic composite material, the TP and TN removal rate is increased, the lower-layer purification pipe is arranged below a frozen soil layer, and the efficiency is improved. In winter, the upper layer is frozen to form a thermal insulation layer, and the lower layer can operate normally to adapt to treatment of domestic sewage in alpine and arid areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular to a multi-media ecological treatment system and method for rural domestic wastewater in high-cold and arid areas. Background Art

[0002] In recent decades, water shortage has become an increasingly serious problem. Ecological sewage treatment technology is low-cost and easy to maintain. It is one of the mainstream processes for domestic sewage treatment and is particularly suitable for promotion in rural areas. However, from the perspective of actual operation, the degree of urban intensiveness in my country's high-altitude and arid areas is not high. There are many small towns with scattered locations and a lack of harmless sewage treatment facilities. Affected by low temperature stress, in cold areas, ecological sewage treatment technologies such as artificial wetlands have a short operation cycle and cannot even operate in winter, which limits the promotion and application of this technology. Therefore, how to ensure the normal operation of sewage treatment in high-altitude and arid areas is an important issue that needs to be solved urgently. Traditional sewage treatment technology mixes sewage from different sources for treatment.

[0003] However, the above technologies often have the following defects: the treatment of mixed sewage increases the energy consumption and operating costs of sewage treatment, and cannot recover nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage. The source separation sewage treatment method is gradually being promoted, that is, domestic water is classified into black water, gray water and yellow water at the source, and then differentiated collection, treatment and recycling are carried out to reduce energy consumption, reduce the difficulty of water treatment, and fully recover the nutrients in sewage;

[0004] Compared with chemical and physical technologies, biological and ecological treatment technologies perform well. Common biological treatment systems include sequencing batch reactors, membrane bioreactors, and biological aeration filters. These methods have good nitrogen and phosphorus removal effects, and the reactors are flexible to operate and have stable effects. However, they have high requirements for automation control, high energy consumption, and frequent maintenance. In addition, the reactors require high infrastructure investment, so they cannot be promoted in countries or regions with backward economic levels.

[0005] The ecological method is a nature-based method. Since it mainly uses natural media, soil and plants, etc., this method is subject to climatic conditions. For example, artificial wetlands located in high-cold and arid areas may face many survival challenges. In high-cold and arid areas, the continuous circulation of plants, nutrients and water adapted to local conditions is considered to be a necessary condition for the continuous operation of artificial wetland systems. Under low temperature conditions, most plants in ecological devices will die, and the activity of microorganisms will decrease, limiting the removal efficiency of organic matter and suspended solids. At the same time, low temperatures in winter will hinder the normal growth of plants, leading to changes in their biomass and nutrient requirements, and reducing the nitrogen and phosphorus removal rate of plants. Under low temperature conditions, the metabolism of microorganisms is affected, and the number and activity decrease. Among them, denitrification microorganisms are greatly affected by low temperatures. Studies have shown that nitrification tends to stop below 4°C, and nitrification is a key step in nitrogen removal, so the denitrification efficiency of artificial wetlands decreases in winter. Under low temperature conditions, the lack of dissolved oxygen in the water body will affect the excessive absorption of phosphorus by polyphosphate bacteria, and the phosphorus that the microorganisms originally absorbed in excess under aerobic conditions will be released again. If the hydraulic retention time is shortened, excessive flow rate may flush out phosphorus deposited in the system, resulting in a decrease in the overall phosphorus removal rate. For this reason, the present invention provides a multi-media ecological treatment system and method for rural domestic wastewater in high-altitude arid areas. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows: the multi-media ecological treatment system for rural domestic wastewater in high-cold arid areas of the present invention comprises a sewage collection pool, a multi-point water inlet and outlet device, and a multi-media ecological purification pipe. The multi-media ecological purification pipe is connected to the sewage collection pool in front, and yellow calamus is planted on the upper layer. The plant has strong cold resistance and can absorb total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in gray water; the middle layer is a primary purification layer, which is filled with iron-carbon microelectronic composite materials, which are formed by mixing bentonite, reeds, scrap iron filings and 4% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution. The lower layer is arranged from top to bottom in the vertical direction, and includes a nitrification reaction layer for receiving sewage from the primary purification layer, and performing organic matter degradation treatment and oxidation treatment on nitrogen-containing substances, a biological phosphorus removal layer for performing phosphorus removal treatment on sewage flowing to the nitrification reaction layer, and a denitrification reaction layer for performing nitrogen removal treatment on sewage from the biological phosphorus removal layer, and the denitrification reaction layer has a water outlet.

[0008] Preferably, the lower layer of the multi-media ecological purification pipe is placed below the frozen soil layer (2m), and in order to prevent the water pipes from freezing in winter, the main water pipe, the upper branch pipe and the lower branch pipe are provided with an insulation layer.

[0009] Preferably, a circular support plate with holes is provided between each layer of the primary purification layer, nitrification reaction layer, biological phosphorus removal layer and denitrification reaction layer for water passing, support and separation; wherein a metal corrugated plate is provided between the primary purification layer and the nitrification reaction layer for water passing, and at the same time, the lower layer adopts a three-layer water inlet method, which is divided into an inner layer, an interlayer and an outer layer, and the interval between each layer is 2 cm, the bottom of the inner layer is punched with two layers of small holes, the hole diameter is 0.5 cm, and the spacing between each hole is 0.5 cm, the top of the interlayer is punched with three layers of small holes, the hole diameter is 0.5 cm, and the spacing between each hole is 0.5 cm, and a water outlet hole is provided at the bottom of the outer layer, and the hole diameter is 0.5 cm.

[0010] Preferably, a connecting shell is fixedly connected to one side of the sewage collection tank close to the inner wall of the main water pipe, a connecting frame is provided inside the connecting shell, a filter screen for filtering impurities in the water is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting frame, and a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the filter screen is provided on the connecting shell.

[0011] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism includes a pair of fixed plates fixed to the side of the connecting shell away from the main water pipe, a positioning rod is fixedly connected between the fixed plates, a screw is rotatably connected between the fixed plates, a moving block is threadedly connected to the screw, the moving block is slidably connected to the positioning rod, a cleaning plate is fixedly connected to the side of the moving block close to the filter, a group of bristles that contact the filter are arranged on the cleaning plate, one side of one of the fixed plates is fixedly connected to a protective shell, and a motor for driving the screw to rotate is arranged inside the protective shell.

[0012] Preferably, a pair of connecting plates are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting shell, a spring is fixedly connected between the connecting plate and the filter screen, the connecting frame is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting shell, the filter screen is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft on one side close to the connecting plate, a group of fan blades are fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft, a magnetic sheet is fixedly connected to one side of the fan blades close to the filter screen, a group of magnetic blocks corresponding to the magnetic sheet are fixedly connected to one side of the filter screen close to the fan blades, and the magnetic blocks and the magnetic sheet are arranged to repel each other.

[0013] Preferably, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting frame close to the connecting plate, the connecting rod is slidably connected to the connecting plate, a pressure ring is fixedly connected to the surface of the connecting rod, a hollow elastic sleeve is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate close to the pressure ring, and a pressure sensor is arranged inside the elastic sleeve.

[0014] A multi-medium ecological treatment method for rural domestic wastewater in high-cold and arid areas, the method adopts the multi-medium ecological treatment system for rural domestic wastewater in high-cold and arid areas, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1: In summer, by adjusting the water valve, the sewage flows through the upper branch pipe and into the upper layer of the multi-media ecological purification pipe. The suspended particles in the sewage will be removed by the primary purification layer, and then continue to flow downward into the nitrification reaction layer;

[0016] S2: The nitrification reaction layer will degrade organic matter and oxidize nitrogen-containing substances in the sewage, and then the sewage will continue to flow downward into the biological phosphorus removal layer for phosphorus removal;

[0017] S3: After passing through the biological phosphorus removal layer, the sewage enters the denitrification reaction layer, which is used to denitrify the sewage and complete the sewage treatment work in summer;

[0018] S4: The lower purification pipe is placed below the frozen soil layer. In winter, the upper layer freezes to form an insulation layer, and the lower layer can operate normally. In winter, by adjusting the water valve, the sewage passes through the lower branch pipe and runs the lower purification pipe. After that, the sewage passes through the primary purification layer to remove suspended particles.

[0019] S5: The sewage will flow to the nitrification reaction layer, which will degrade organic matter in the sewage and oxidize nitrogen-containing substances;

[0020] S6: The sewage continues to flow into the biological phosphorus removal layer for phosphorus removal treatment, and then the sewage enters the denitrification reaction layer for denitrification treatment, completing the sewage treatment work in winter.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. The present invention adopts the arrangement of a primary purification layer, a nitrification reaction layer, a biological phosphorus removal layer and a denitrification reaction layer to sequentially realize suspended particulate matter filtration, phosphorus removal treatment and nitrogen removal treatment. Its functional structure is clear and simple, and an iron-carbon microelectronic composite material is filled in the middle layer to improve the removal rate of TP and TN. The lower purification pipe is placed below the permafrost layer. In winter, the upper layer freezes to form an insulation layer, and the lower layer can operate normally, so as to adapt to the treatment of domestic sewage in high-cold and arid areas.

[0023] 2. The present invention provides a filter at the water inlet of the main water pipe, so that water is first filtered through the filter to filter out larger impurities to prevent the larger impurities from clogging the branch pipes, and then the water enters each branch pipe from the main water pipe. When the filter needs to be dredged, the motor can be used to drive the screw rod to rotate forward and reverse, so that the moving block can move left and right repeatedly. At this time, the moving block will drive the cleaning plate to move, so that the bristles on the cleaning plate can clean the filter to achieve the effect of dredging the mesh of the filter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the multimedia ecological treatment system in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-media ecological purification pipe in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the lower structure of the multi-media ecological purification pipe in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is the processing effect of running the MEP system and the MEP-T system on the TP in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is the processing effect of running the MEP system and the MEP-T system on the TN in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sewage collection tank in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection shell in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the connecting shell in the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fan blades, the rotating shaft and the magnetic sheet in the present invention;

[0034] Fig.10 yes Figure 8 A magnified image of point A;

[0035] Fig.11 It is a flow chart of the method in the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Sewage collection tank; 2. Water regulating valve; 3. Iris; 4. Connecting shell; 5. Primary purification layer; 6. Metal corrugated plate; 7. Nitrification reaction layer; 8. Biological phosphorus removal layer; 9. Denitrification reaction layer; 10. Upper branch pipe; 11. Lower branch pipe; 12. Main water pipe; 13. Multi-point water inlet and outlet device; 14. Multi-media ecological purification pipe; 15. Zeolite; 16. Ceramsite; 17. Zeolite; 18. Granular active Carbon; 19, pebbles; 20, inner layer; 21, interlayer; 22, outer layer; 23, small holes; 24, connecting frame; 25, filter screen; 26, fixing plate; 27, screw rod; 28, positioning rod; 29, moving block; 30, cleaning plate; 31, protective shell; 32, connecting plate; 33, rotating shaft; 34, fan blades; 35, magnetic sheet; 36, magnetic block; 37, connecting rod; 38, elastic sleeve; 39, pressure ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0038] Embodiment 1: Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the multi-medium ecological treatment system for rural domestic miscellaneous drainage in high-cold arid areas described in the embodiment of the present invention comprises a sewage collection pool 1, a multi-point water inlet and outlet device 13, and a multi-medium ecological purification pipe 14; the upper layer of the multi-medium ecological purification pipe 14 is planted with yellow calamus 3, which has strong cold resistance and can adsorb total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in gray water; the middle layer of the medium ecological purification pipe is a primary purification layer 5, which is used to remove suspended particles in the inflowing sewage; the primary purification layer 5 is filled with an iron-carbon microelectronic composite material, which is formed by mixing bentonite, reeds, scrap iron filings and a 4% aqueous solution of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and the component ratio is 6:4:3; the lower layer of the multi-medium ecological purification pipe 14 is arranged from top to bottom in the vertical direction, and includes a nitrification reaction layer 7, which is used to degrade organic matter in the sewage flowing to the primary purification layer 5 and nitrify nitrogen-containing substances;

[0039] The biological phosphorus removal layer 8 is used to receive the sewage from the nitrification reaction layer 7 and perform phosphorus removal treatment; the denitrification reaction layer 9 is used to perform denitrification treatment on the sewage from the biological phosphorus removal layer 8, and the denitrification reaction layer 9 has a water outlet;

[0040] The nitrification reaction layer 7 is composed of two layers of fillers: zeolite 1715 with an outer diameter of 5-8mm and a layer height of 80mm + coconut shell and ceramsite 16 with an outer diameter of 2-3mm and a layer height of 80mm + coconut shell;

[0041] A metal corrugated plate 6 is provided between the primary purification layer 5 and the nitrification reaction layer 7 for passing water;

[0042] The biological phosphorus removal layer 8 is a lanthanum-modified kaolin with a layer height of 160 mm. The preparation method is to take 10 g of kaolin, mix it with 800 ml of 0.2 mol / L LaCl3·7H2O, centrifuge the mixed solution and wash it with ethanol, repeat 6 times, and finally grind the sample to 100 mesh after drying;

[0043] The denitrification reaction layer 9 is composed of three layers of fillers: zeolite 1715 with an outer diameter of 2-3mm and a layer height of 80mm, granular activated carbon 18 with an outer diameter of 1-2mm and a layer height of 80mm, and pebbles 19 with an outer diameter of 8cm and a layer height of 80mm. A circular support plate with a hole of 225mm is arranged between each layer for water flow, support and separation.

[0044] The lower layer adopts a three-layer water inlet method, which is divided into an inner layer 20, an interlayer 21 and an outer layer 22. The interval between each layer is 2 cm, and the fillers of each layer are the same; the bottom of the inner layer 20 is punched with two layers of small holes 23, the hole diameter is 0.5 cm, and the spacing between each hole is 0.5 cm. The top of the interlayer 21 is punched with three layers of small holes 23, the hole diameter is 0.5 cm, and the spacing between each hole is 0.5 cm. The bottom of the outer layer 22 is provided with a water outlet hole with a hole diameter of 0.5 cm; the gray water enters the lower inner layer 20 from the upper layer, and through aeration, the water in the inner layer 20 is pressed into the interlayer 21 through its bottom aperture; the gray water in the interlayer 21 overflows and naturally flows into the outer layer 22, and finally flows out from the outlet for reuse. The above device is marked as MEP system;

[0045] The multi-media ecological purification pipe 14 is arranged from top to bottom in the vertical direction and includes: an upper layer planted with yellow calamus 3, a primary purification layer 5 for removing suspended particles in the sewage flowing into the primary purification layer 5, a nitrification reaction layer 7 for degrading organic matter and nitrifying nitrogen-containing substances in the sewage flowing to the primary purification layer 5, a biological phosphorus removal layer 8 for receiving the sewage from the nitrification reaction layer 7 and performing phosphorus removal treatment; a denitrification reaction layer 9 for denitrifying the sewage from the biological phosphorus removal layer 8, and the denitrification reaction layer 9 has a water outlet. The above device is marked as a MEP-T system, and the other structures of the MEP-T system are the same as those of the MEP system, and the MEP-T system does not add iron and carbon;

[0046] In summer, by adjusting the water valve 2, the sewage passes through the upper branch pipe 10 and flows into the upper, middle and lower layers of the multi-media ecological purification pipe 14. The pipes are arranged vertically from top to bottom, including a primary purification layer 5 for removing suspended particles in the flowing sewage, a nitrification reaction layer 7 for receiving the sewage from the primary purification layer 5 and performing organic degradation treatment and oxidation treatment on nitrogen-containing substances, a biological phosphorus removal layer 8 for removing phosphorus from the sewage flowing to the nitrification reaction layer 7, and a denitrification reaction layer 9 for denitrifying the sewage from the biological phosphorus removal layer 8. The denitrification reaction layer 9 has a water outlet. In winter, by adjusting the water valve 2, the sewage passes through the lower branch pipe 11, and the lower purification pipe is operated. The nitrification reaction layer 7 for organic degradation treatment of sewage and oxidation treatment of nitrogen-containing substances is arranged from top to bottom in the vertical direction, and the biological phosphorus removal layer 8 for phosphorus removal treatment of sewage flowing to the nitrification reaction layer 7 is used for denitrification treatment of sewage from the biological phosphorus removal layer 8, and the denitrification reaction layer 9 is used for denitrification treatment of sewage from the biological phosphorus removal layer 8. The denitrification reaction layer 9 has a water outlet. Among them, the lower purification pipe is placed below the frozen soil layer (2m), and the upper layer freezes in winter to form an insulation layer, and the lower layer can operate normally. Among them, the lower layer adopts a three-layer water inlet method, which is divided into three layers of inner-sandwich 21-outer, and the interval between each layer is 2cm. The bottom of the inner layer 20 is punched with two layers of small holes 23, the top of the sandwich 21 is punched with three layers of small holes 23, and the bottom of the outer layer 22 is provided with a water outlet. This technology uses the arrangement of primary purification layer 5 - nitrification reaction layer 7 - biological phosphorus removal layer 8 - denitrification reaction layer 9 to achieve suspended particulate matter filtration, phosphorus removal and nitrogen removal in sequence, and its functional structure is clear and simple.

[0047] The present invention sets up two parallel multi-media ecological purification systems, MEP system and MEP-T system, both of which are made of acrylic material and have the same size, with a diameter (d) of 12 cm and a height (H) of 83 cm. A water outlet and an aeration hole are installed at 3 cm from the bottom of the device. Simulated domestic sewage containing 15 mg·L-1 total nitrogen (TN) and 7.43 mg·L-1 total phosphorus (TP) is introduced. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) is set to 72 h. The test results are shown in the attached manual. Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown.

[0048] The TP removal rates of the MEP-T system and the MEP system are about 50% and 75% respectively, and the TN removal rates are about 30% and 40% respectively. The device with added iron-carbon has better treatment effects on TP and TN, and the treatment effect of the device is more stable.

[0049] Embodiment 2: Figures 6 to 10As shown, in contrast to Example 1, another embodiment of the present invention is as follows: a connection shell 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the sewage collection tank 1 close to the inner wall of the main water pipe 12, a connection frame 24 is provided in the connection shell 4, a filter screen 25 for filtering impurities in the water is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connection frame 24, and a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the filter screen 25 is provided on the connection shell 4;

[0050] After the sewage collection pool 1 in the present invention collects sewage, it is inevitable that there will be larger impurities. These impurities enter other branch pipes from the main water pipe 12, which may easily cause blockage of the branch pipes, thereby affecting the discharge effect of the sewage. The present application can be provided with a filter screen 25 at the water inlet of the main water pipe 12, so that the water first passes through the filter screen 25 to be filtered, and the larger impurities are filtered out to prevent the larger impurities from causing blockage of the branch pipes, and then enter the branch pipes from the main water pipe 12. When the filter screen 25 needs to be unblocked, the mesh on the filter screen 25 can be unblocked with the help of a cleaning mechanism to ensure the normal flow rate of sewage discharge.

[0051] The cleaning mechanism includes a pair of fixed plates 26 fixed to the side of the connecting shell 4 away from the main water pipe 12, a positioning rod 28 is fixedly connected between the fixed plates 26, a screw rod 27 is rotatably connected between the fixed plates 26, a moving block 29 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 27, and the moving block 29 is slidably connected to the positioning rod 28, and a cleaning plate 30 is fixedly connected to the side of the moving block 29 close to the filter 25, and a group of bristles in contact with the filter 25 are arranged on the cleaning plate 30, and a protective shell 31 is fixedly connected to one side of one of the fixed plates 26, and a motor for driving the screw rod 27 to rotate is arranged in the protective shell 31; when the filter 25 needs to be cleaned, the screw rod 27 is driven by the motor to rotate forward and reverse, so that the moving block 29 is repeatedly moved left and right, and at this time, the moving block 29 will drive the cleaning plate 30 to move, so that the bristles on the cleaning plate 30 clean the filter 25, so as to achieve the effect of clearing the mesh of the filter 25.

[0052] A pair of connecting plates 32 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting shell 4, and a spring is fixedly connected between the connecting plate 32 and the filter screen 25. The connecting frame 24 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting shell 4. The filter screen 25 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 33 on one side close to the connecting plate 32. A group of fan blades 34 are fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft 33. A magnetic sheet 35 is fixedly connected to one side of the fan blade 34 close to the filter screen 25. A group of magnetic blocks 36 corresponding to the magnetic sheet 35 are fixedly connected to one side of the filter screen 25 close to the fan blade 34, and the magnetic blocks 36 and the magnetic sheets 35 are arranged to repel each other. In the present application, when water is discharged, the water flow will push the fan blade 34 to rotate the fan blade 34. At this time, the magnetic sheet 35 will intermittently pass through the magnetic block 36 to push the filter screen 25. When the filter screen 25 is reset under the drive of the spring, the filter screen 25 will shake. At this time, when draining water, the filter screen 25 can be in a shaking state as a group, effectively reducing the clogging of the mesh of the filter screen 25.

[0053] The connecting frame 24 is fixedly connected to a connecting rod 37 on one side close to the connecting plate 32, and the connecting rod 37 is slidably connected to the connecting plate 32. A pressure ring 39 is fixedly connected to the surface of the connecting rod 37, and a hollow elastic sleeve 38 is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate 32 close to the pressure ring 39, and a pressure sensor is arranged inside the elastic sleeve 38; when the filter screen 25 in the present application is continuously used, impurities will accumulate more and more on the filter screen 25, and at this time, the movement stroke of the connecting frame 24 will be shortened. During the normal movement of the connecting frame 24, the pressure ring 39 will be driven to squeeze the pressure ring 39. As the stroke of the connecting frame 24 is shortened, the force of the pressure ring 39 squeezing the elastic sleeve 38 will become smaller and smaller. When the pressure value reaches a certain value, the pressure sensor will sense it, thereby starting the motor to drive the screw rod 27 to rotate, so that the bristles on the cleaning plate 30 can clean the filter screen 25. Through the above mechanism, the cleaning mechanism can be automatically started to clean the filter screen 25 according to the impurities accumulated on the filter screen 25.

[0054] like Fig.11 As shown, a multi-media ecological treatment method for rural domestic wastewater in high-cold and arid areas is provided. The method adopts the multi-media ecological treatment system for rural domestic wastewater in high-cold and arid areas. The method comprises the following steps:

[0055] S1: In summer, by adjusting the water valve 2, the sewage flows through the upper branch pipe 10 and into the upper layer of the multi-media ecological purification pipe 14. The suspended particles in the sewage will be removed by the primary purification layer 5, and then continue to flow downward into the nitrification reaction layer 7;

[0056] S2: The nitrification reaction layer 7 will degrade organic matter and oxidize nitrogen-containing substances in the sewage, and then the sewage will continue to flow downward into the biological phosphorus removal layer 8, where phosphorus removal will be carried out;

[0057] S3: After passing through the biological phosphorus removal layer 8, the sewage enters the denitrification reaction layer 9, which is used to denitrify the sewage and complete the sewage treatment work in summer;

[0058] S4: The lower purification pipe is placed below the frozen soil layer. In winter, the upper layer freezes to form an insulation layer, and the lower layer can operate normally. In winter, by adjusting the water valve 2, the sewage passes through the lower branch pipe 11 and runs the lower purification pipe. After that, the sewage passes through the primary purification layer 5 to remove suspended particles.

[0059] S5: The sewage will flow to the nitrification reaction layer 7, which will degrade organic matter in the sewage and oxidize nitrogen-containing substances;

[0060] S6: The sewage continues to flow into the biological phosphorus removal layer 8 for phosphorus removal treatment, and then the sewage enters the denitrification reaction layer 9 for denitrification treatment, thus completing the sewage treatment work in winter.

[0061] Working principle: In summer, by adjusting the water valve 2, the sewage flows into the upper, middle and lower layers of the multi-media ecological purification pipe 14 through the upper branch pipe 10, and is arranged from top to bottom in the vertical direction, including a primary purification layer 5 for removing suspended particles in the inflowing sewage, a nitrification reaction layer 7 for receiving the sewage from the primary purification layer 5 and performing organic matter degradation treatment and oxidation treatment on nitrogen-containing substances, a biological phosphorus removal layer 8 for performing phosphorus removal treatment on the sewage flowing from the nitrification reaction layer 7, and a denitrification reaction layer 9 for performing denitrification treatment on the sewage from the biological phosphorus removal layer 8, and the denitrification reaction layer 9 has a water outlet;

[0062] In winter, by adjusting the water valve 2, the sewage passes through the lower branch pipe 11, and the lower purification pipe is operated. The nitrification reaction layer 7 for organic degradation treatment of sewage and oxidation treatment of nitrogen-containing substances is arranged from top to bottom in the vertical direction, and the biological phosphorus removal layer 8 for phosphorus removal treatment of sewage flowing to the nitrification reaction layer 7 is used for denitrification treatment of sewage from the biological phosphorus removal layer 8, and the denitrification reaction layer 9 is used for denitrification treatment of sewage from the biological phosphorus removal layer 8. The denitrification reaction layer 9 has a water outlet. Among them, the lower purification pipe is placed below the frozen soil layer (2m), and the upper layer freezes in winter to form an insulation layer, and the lower layer can operate normally. Among them, the lower layer adopts a three-layer water inlet method, which is divided into three layers of inner-sandwich 21-outer, and the interval between each layer is 2cm. The bottom of the inner layer 20 is punched with two layers of small holes 23, the top of the sandwich 21 is punched with three layers of small holes 23, and the bottom of the outer layer 22 is provided with a water outlet. This technology uses the arrangement of primary purification layer 5 - nitrification reaction layer 7 - biological phosphorus removal layer 8 - denitrification reaction layer 9 to achieve suspended particulate matter filtration, phosphorus removal and nitrogen removal in sequence, and its functional structure is clear and simple;

[0063] After the sewage collection pool 1 in the present invention collects sewage, it is inevitable that there will be larger impurities. These impurities enter other branch pipes from the main water pipe 12, which may easily cause blockage of the branch pipes, thereby affecting the discharge effect of sewage. The present application can be provided with a filter 25 at the water inlet of the main water pipe 12, so that water first passes through the filter 25 to be filtered, and larger impurities are filtered out to prevent larger impurities from causing blockage of the branch pipes, and then enters each branch pipe from the main water pipe 12. When it is necessary to dredge the filter 25, the mesh on the filter 25 can be dredged with the help of a cleaning mechanism to ensure the normal flow rate of sewage discharge; when it is necessary to clean the filter 25, the present application drives the screw rod 27 to rotate forward and reversely by a motor, so that the moving block 29 moves left and right repeatedly, and at this time the moving block 29 drives the cleaning plate 30 to move, so that the bristles on the cleaning plate 30 clean the filter 25, so as to achieve the effect of dredging the mesh of the filter 25;

[0064] In the present application, when water is discharged, the water flow will push the fan blades 34 to rotate. At this time, the magnetic sheet 35 will intermittently pass through the magnetic block 36 to push the filter screen 25. When the filter screen 25 is reset under the drive of the spring, the filter screen 25 will shake. At this time, when draining, the filter screen 25 can be in a shaking state all the time, effectively reducing the clogging of the mesh of the filter screen 25; when the filter screen 25 in the present application is continuously used, impurities will accumulate more and more on the filter screen 25. At this time, the movement stroke of the connecting frame 24 will be shortened. During the normal movement of the connecting frame 24, the pressure ring 39 will drive the pressure ring 39 to squeeze the pressure ring 39. As the stroke of the connecting frame 24 is shortened, the force of the pressure ring 39 squeezing the elastic sleeve 38 will become smaller and smaller. When the pressure value reaches a certain value, the pressure sensor will sense it, thereby starting the motor to drive the screw rod 27 to rotate, so that the bristles on the cleaning plate 30 can clean the filter screen 25. Through the above mechanism, the cleaning mechanism can be automatically started to clean the filter screen 25 according to the impurities accumulated on the filter screen 25.

[0065] The above-mentioned front, back, left, right, top and bottom are all based on the figures in the specification. Figure 1 As a benchmark, according to the person's observation perspective, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0066] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-media ecological treatment system for rural domestic wastewater in high-altitude arid areas, comprising a sewage collection pool (1), a multi-point water inlet and outlet device (13), and a multi-media ecological purification pipe (14); Features: The multi-media ecological purification pipe (14) is connected to a sewage collection pool (1) in front, with yellow calamus (3) planted in the upper layer, a primary purification layer (5) filled with iron-carbon microelectronic composite materials in the middle layer, and a nitrification reaction layer (7) arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction for receiving sewage from the primary purification layer (5) and performing organic matter degradation treatment and oxidation treatment on nitrogen-containing substances; A biological phosphorus removal layer (8) for removing phosphorus from sewage flowing from the nitrification reaction layer (7), and a denitrification reaction layer (9) for removing nitrogen from sewage from the biological phosphorus removal layer (8), wherein the denitrification reaction layer (9) has a water outlet.

2. The multi-media ecological treatment system for rural domestic wastewater in high-cold and arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The lower layer of the multi-media ecological purification pipe (14) is placed below the frozen soil layer. To prevent the water pipes from freezing in winter, the main water pipe (12), the upper branch pipe (10) and the lower branch pipe (11) are provided with a thermal insulation layer.

3. The multi-media ecological treatment system for rural domestic wastewater in high-cold and arid areas according to claim 2 is characterized by: A circular support plate with holes is arranged between each layer of the primary purification layer (5), the nitrification reaction layer (7), the biological phosphorus removal layer (8), and the denitrification reaction layer (9) for water flow, support, and separation; a metal corrugated plate (6) is arranged between the primary purification layer (5) and the nitrification reaction layer (7) for water flow, and the lower layer adopts a three-layer water inlet method, which is divided into an inner layer (20), an interlayer (21), and an outer layer (22). The inner layer (20) has two layers of small holes (23) at the bottom, the interlayer (21) has three layers of small holes (23) at the top, and the outer layer (22) has a water outlet hole at the bottom.

4. The multi-media ecological treatment system for rural domestic wastewater in high-cold and arid areas according to claim 3 is characterized by: A connection shell (4) is fixedly connected to one side of the sewage collection tank (1) close to the inner wall of the main water pipe (12); a connection frame (24) is arranged inside the connection shell (4); a filter screen (25) for filtering impurities in water is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connection frame (24); and a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the filter screen (25) is arranged on the connection shell (4).

5. The multi-media ecological treatment system for rural domestic wastewater in high-cold and arid areas according to claim 4 is characterized by: The cleaning mechanism comprises a pair of fixed plates (26) fixed to a side of the connecting shell (4) away from the main water pipe (12), a positioning rod (28) fixedly connected between the fixed plates (26), a screw rod (27) rotatably connected between the fixed plates (26), a moving block (29) threadedly connected to the screw rod (27), the moving block (29) being slidably connected to the positioning rod (28), a cleaning plate (30) fixedly connected to a side of the moving block (29) close to the filter screen (25), a group of bristles contacting the filter screen (25) being arranged on the cleaning plate (30), one side of one of the fixed plates (26) being fixedly connected to a protective shell (31), a motor for driving the screw rod (27) to rotate being arranged in the protective shell (31).

6. The multi-media ecological treatment system for rural domestic wastewater in high-cold and arid areas according to claim 5 is characterized by: A pair of connecting plates (32) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting shell (4); a spring is fixedly connected between the connecting plates (32) and the filter screen (25); the connecting frame (24) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting shell (4); a rotating shaft (33) is rotatably connected to the side of the filter screen (25) close to the connecting plates (32); a group of fan blades (34) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft (33); a magnetic sheet (35) is fixedly connected to the side of the fan blades (34) close to the filter screen (25); a group of magnetic blocks (36) corresponding to the magnetic sheets (35) are fixedly connected to the side of the filter screen (25) close to the fan blades (34); and the magnetic blocks (36) and the magnetic sheets (35) are arranged to repel each other.

7. The multi-media ecological treatment system for rural domestic wastewater in high-cold and arid areas according to claim 6 is characterized by: A connecting rod (37) is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting frame (24) close to the connecting plate (32); the connecting rod (37) is slidably connected to the connecting plate (32); a pressure ring (39) is fixedly connected to the surface of the connecting rod (37); a hollow elastic sleeve (38) is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate (32) close to the pressure ring (39); a pressure sensor is arranged inside the elastic sleeve (38).

8. A multi-media ecological treatment method for rural domestic wastewater in high-cold and arid areas, the method adopts the multi-media ecological treatment system for rural domestic wastewater in high-cold and arid areas as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: In summer, by adjusting the water valve, the sewage flows through the upper branch pipe and into the upper layer of the multi-media ecological purification pipe. The suspended particles in the sewage will be removed by the primary purification layer, and then continue to flow downward into the nitrification reaction layer; S2: The nitrification reaction layer will degrade organic matter and oxidize nitrogen-containing substances in the sewage, and then the sewage will continue to flow downward into the biological phosphorus removal layer for phosphorus removal; S3: After passing through the biological phosphorus removal layer, the sewage enters the denitrification reaction layer. The denitrification reaction layer is used to denitrify the sewage and has completed the sewage treatment work in summer.

9. The multi-media ecological treatment method for rural domestic wastewater in high-cold and arid areas according to claim 8 is characterized by: The method further comprises the steps of: S4: The lower purification pipe is placed below the frozen soil layer. In winter, the upper layer freezes to form an insulation layer, and the lower layer can operate normally. In winter, by adjusting the water valve, the sewage passes through the lower branch pipe and runs the lower purification pipe. After that, the sewage passes through the primary purification layer to remove suspended particles. S5: The sewage will flow to the nitrification reaction layer, which will degrade organic matter in the sewage and oxidize nitrogen-containing substances; S6: The sewage continues to flow into the biological phosphorus removal layer for phosphorus removal treatment, and then the sewage enters the denitrification reaction layer for denitrification treatment, completing the sewage treatment work in winter.

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