Carbon fiber reinforced composite material surface spraying and femtosecond laser etching compounded super-hydrophobic preparation process

Abstract

The invention discloses a surface spraying and femtosecond laser etching compounded super-hydrophobic preparation process for a carbon fiber reinforced composite material, and relates to the field of super-hydrophobic preparation of composite material parts and material surfaces. The process solves the problem that the surface of the prepared carbon fiber reinforced composite material has no super-hydrophobic characteristic. The process comprises the following steps: ultrasonically cleaning the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material, drying, spraying a nano structure, etching a micron structure by femtosecond laser, ultrasonically cleaning, drying and fumigating. The surface of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material obtained by the process has a micro-nano composite structure, and the surface has low surface energy, so that the surface of the material has a super-hydrophobic characteristic. The carbon fiber reinforced composite material with the super-hydrophobic characteristic is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobile industry, wind power generation, ocean engineering and the like, such as aircraft wing ice coating simulation, ship body resistance reduction, self-cleaning, corrosion resistance, medical instrument pollution prevention and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of preparing super-hydrophobic composite material parts and material surfaces, and in particular to a super-hydrophobic preparation process of a carbon fiber reinforced composite material surface spraying and femtosecond laser etching composite. Background Art

[0002] Carbon fiber reinforced composite materials are widely used in various fields due to their excellent properties such as high strength, low density and corrosion resistance. In the aerospace field, carbon fiber reinforced composite materials are important materials for manufacturing aircraft wings, fuselages and other aircraft. In the automotive industry, it is also used to manufacture body, chassis and other parts. In addition, carbon fiber reinforced composite materials also play an important role in marine transportation, building reinforcement and other fields.

[0003] Although carbon fiber reinforced composite materials have many excellent properties, their surface is hydrophilic, which limits their application scope to a certain extent. Especially when working for a long time in a humid environment, a large amount of water vapor entering the matrix will reduce the interfacial bonding strength between materials and affect the performance. When carbon fiber reinforced composite materials are used as aircraft fuselage materials, when encountering extreme weather, a large amount of water droplets adhere to the surface, and a large amount of ice will condense on the surface in high altitude and low temperature, causing safety hazards. The hydrophilicity of the surface of carbon fiber reinforced composite materials makes it easy to absorb moisture, dust, oil or other pollutants, resulting in the attenuation of the corrosion resistance of the material. Therefore, functional modification of the surface of carbon fiber reinforced composite materials to give them super hydrophobic properties is of great value to the development and application of carbon fiber reinforced composite materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a super-hydrophobic preparation process of a carbon fiber reinforced composite material surface spraying and femtosecond laser etching, which solves the problem that the prepared carbon fiber reinforced composite material surface has no super-hydrophobic properties.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows:

[0006] A super-hydrophobic preparation process of a carbon fiber reinforced composite material surface spraying and femtosecond laser etching, the preparation process comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Place the substrate in an ultrasonic cleaning machine and use anhydrous ethanol and ionized water for ultrasonic cleaning;

[0008] Step 2: placing the substrate in step 1 into a drying oven for drying;

[0009] Step 3: Spray the substrate dried in step 2, and the spray material parameters are: 20 ml of anhydrous ethanol, 0.5 g of E51 epoxy resin, 0.2 g of W93 curing agent, and 0.5 g of hexagonal boron nitride;

[0010] Step 4: using a femtosecond laser micromachining system to etch a honeycomb structure on the surface of the substrate in step 3; the parameters of the femtosecond laser etching are: laser power 0.6W, marking times 2 times, marking speed 200 mm / s, laser frequency 100 kHz, pulse width 0.01 μs, and honeycomb structure length 50 μm;

[0011] Step 5: Perform a second ultrasonic cleaning of the substrate etched in step 4 using anhydrous ethanol and ionized water;

[0012] Step 6: Place the substrate cleaned in step 5 into a drying oven for drying;

[0013] Step 7: Place the substrate dried in step 5 into a glass container, add 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane into the glass container, and then place the glass container in a drying oven and fumigate at 85° C. for 1.5 hours.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the hardness and wear resistance of the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material after spraying in the present invention are improved, and the use of E51 epoxy resin and W93 curing agent as adhesives can make the boron nitride nanosheets closely adhere to the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material, prolong the durability of the surface use, and the surface containing boron nitride has excellent high temperature resistance and good chemical stability. Femtosecond laser has the advantages of small heat affected zone, non-contact processing, and processing of microstructures of different morphologies when preparing super-hydrophobic surfaces. The surface structure processed by femtosecond laser has excellent mechanical stability and durability, and can maintain super-hydrophobic properties for a long time. Fumigation can reduce the surface energy of the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material, so that the surface of the material does not need to be placed for aging treatment after the micro-nanostructure is prepared, and the super-hydrophobic surface is immediately presented. In this paper, a composite method of spraying, femtosecond laser etching and fumigation is used to prepare a surface with super-hydrophobic properties on the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material. The super-hydrophobic properties of the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material bring many advantages such as self-cleaning, anti-icing, anti-fouling, corrosion resistance and drag reduction to the material. Super-hydrophobic surfaces can effectively reduce the adhesion of water droplets, dust and pollutants, reduce maintenance costs, and extend the service life of materials; its anti-icing and anti-frost properties can inhibit icing in low-temperature and high-humidity environments, improving the safety and efficiency of equipment. In addition, super-hydrophobic properties achieve drag reduction by reducing liquid friction resistance, which is suitable for efficient operation in fluid environments. These advantages make carbon fiber reinforced composites with super-hydrophobic surfaces widely used in aerospace, automotive industry, wind power generation, marine engineering and building materials, such as aircraft wing anti-icing, hull drag reduction, wind power blade anti-icing and medical equipment anti-pollution, etc., meeting the urgent needs of many industries for high-performance materials and providing reliable support for the high-performance needs of many industries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a process flow chart of super-hydrophobic preparation of a carbon fiber reinforced composite material by surface spraying and femtosecond laser etching;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the super-hydrophobic surface of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the static contact angle of the super-hydrophobic surface of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, a super-hydrophobic preparation process of a carbon fiber reinforced composite material surface spraying and femtosecond laser etching composite includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Ultrasonic cleaning: Place the substrate in an ultrasonic cleaning machine and first use anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min, then use deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning for 5 min;

[0021] Step 2: Drying: Place the substrate in a drying oven at 50°C for 5 minutes;

[0022] Step 3: Spraying: Pour 20 ml of anhydrous ethanol into a beaker, then pour 0.5 g of hexagonal boron nitride powder into the beaker, and then stir magnetically for 15 min, then pour 0.5 g of E51 epoxy resin and 0.2 g of W93 curing agent, stir magnetically for 10 min, ultrasonically vibrate for 5 min, and finally stir magnetically for 5 min, and pour the stirred spray material into a manual spray pot for manual spraying;

[0023] Step 4: Laser etching: Set the laser power to 0.6 W, the number of markings to 2, the marking speed to 200 mm / s, the laser frequency to 100 kHz, and the pulse width to 0.01 μs. Draw a honeycomb structure with a length of 50 μm in the femtosecond laser micromachining system to process the substrate surface.

[0024] Step 5: Ultrasonic cleaning: Place the substrate in an ultrasonic cleaning machine and first use anhydrous ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min, then use deionized water for ultrasonic cleaning for 5 min;

[0025] Step 6: Drying: Place the substrate in a drying oven at 50°C for 5 minutes;

[0026] Step 7: Fumigation: Place the substrate with surface micro-nanostructure processing into a glass container, add 1.5 ml of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane into the glass container, and then place the glass container into a drying oven for fumigation at 85°C for 1.5 hours.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, the surface of the processed substrate is observed using a field emission scanning electron microscope. The super-hydrophobic preparation process of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material surface spraying and femtosecond laser etching of the present invention is adopted, and the super-hydrophobic surface of the obtained carbon fiber reinforced composite material presents a micro-nano composite structure, wherein the main structural scale of the "honeycomb" protrusions formed by femtosecond laser etching on the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material is micron-scale, and the "sheet-like" structural scale formed by spraying is mainly nanometer-scale, and fumigation can reduce the surface energy of the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material, so that the material surface does not need to be placed for aging treatment after the micro-nano structure is prepared, and the super-hydrophobic surface is immediately presented.

[0028] like Figure 3As shown, the static contact angle obtained by the super-hydrophobic preparation process of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material surface spraying and femtosecond laser etching combined with the present invention is 154°±0.5°, and the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced composite material achieves a super-hydrophobic effect.

Claims

1. A process for preparing composite super-hydrophobic carbon fiber reinforced composite material by surface spraying and femtosecond laser etching, characterized in that The preparation process comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the substrate in an ultrasonic cleaning machine and use anhydrous ethanol and ionized water for ultrasonic cleaning; Step 2: placing the substrate in step 1 into a drying oven for drying; Step 3: Spray the substrate dried in step 2, and the spray material parameters are: 20 ml of anhydrous ethanol, 0.5 g of E51 epoxy resin, 0.2 g of W93 curing agent, and 0.5 g of hexagonal boron nitride; Step 4: using a femtosecond laser micromachining system to etch a honeycomb structure on the surface of the substrate in step 3; the parameters of the femtosecond laser etching are: laser power 0.6 W, marking times 2 times, marking speed 200 mm / s, laser frequency 100 kHz, pulse width 0.01 μs, and honeycomb structure length 50 μm; Step 5: Perform a second ultrasonic cleaning of the substrate etched in step 4 using anhydrous ethanol and ionized water; Step 6: Place the substrate cleaned in step 5 into a drying oven for drying; Step 7: Place the substrate dried in step 5 into a glass container, add 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane into the glass container, and then place the glass container in a drying oven and fumigate at 85° C. for 1.5 hours.

2. A carbon fiber reinforced composite material surface spraying and femtosecond laser etching composite super-hydrophobic preparation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In both step 2 and step 5, the substrate is placed in an ultrasonic cleaning machine and first ultrasonically cleaned with anhydrous ethanol for 10 minutes, and then ultrasonically cleaned with deionized water for 5 minutes.

3. The process for preparing a composite super-hydrophobic carbon fiber reinforced composite material by surface spraying and femtosecond laser etching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps 2 and 6 are to place the substrate in a drying oven at 50° C. for 5 minutes.

4. A carbon fiber reinforced composite material surface spraying and femtosecond laser etching composite super-hydrophobic preparation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step three is to first pour 20 ml of anhydrous ethanol into a beaker, then pour 0.5 g of hexagonal boron nitride powder into the beaker, and then magnetically stir for 15 minutes, then pour 0.5 g of E51 epoxy resin and 0.2 g of W93 curing agent, and after the pouring is completed, magnetically stir for 10 minutes, ultrasonically shake for 5 minutes, and finally magnetically stir for 5 minutes.

5. The process for preparing a composite super-hydrophobic carbon fiber reinforced composite material by surface spraying and femtosecond laser etching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seventh step is to place the substrate with the surface micro-nano structure processed into a glass container, add 1.5 ml of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane into the glass container, and then place the glass container into a drying oven for fumigation at 85° C. for 1.5 hours.

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