A heat-insulating flame-retardant composite environmentally friendly building block and its filling method

Abstract

The invention provides a heat-insulating, flame-retardant, composite and environment-friendly building block and a filling method thereof, which belong to the technical field of new wall bodies, and overcome the defects of poor product quality of existing building blocks and filling methods thereof, and include building blocks, characterized in that window panes are provided between two opposite front and rear surfaces of the building block, through holes are formed between the window panes, and fillers are provided in the through holes, and the fillers include main materials, additives and water. The filling method includes discharging the evenly stirred mixed material into a feed box through a lower gate, starting a pushing device that can move forward and backward in an extrusion box, and pushing the evenly stirred mixed material in the extrusion box backward into the through holes of the building blocks. The fillers of the product of the invention can effectively reduce the conduction of heat and reduce energy consumption, and at the same time have sound insulation and noise reduction functions. The filling method of the invention can ensure that the fillers in the through holes of the building blocks are filled in place, avoid the occurrence of voids, and improve the quality of the product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building blocks, and in particular relates to a heat-insulating, flame-retardant, composite and environment-friendly building block and a filling method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Masonry blocks are prefabricated building materials used in building walls, usually made of concrete, clay, plaster or other materials. They have fixed shapes and sizes and are laid and bonded with mortar to form walls or other structures. Masonry blocks are widely used in residential, commercial and industrial buildings. Composite masonry blocks are made of a variety of materials and have multiple properties, such as thermal insulation, sound insulation, fire resistance, etc.

[0003] With the vigorous development of my country's construction industry, the construction market is increasingly prosperous, new technologies, new materials, and new products are constantly emerging, especially lightweight aggregate building blocks are developing more rapidly, large-span, high-rise frame-type structure buildings are increasing, and special function buildings are also increasing. Traditional load-bearing blocks can no longer meet the needs of the modern construction industry, which brings more space for the production and development of lightweight blocks. The construction industry has new requirements for the thermal insulation of walls, so some people add holes in the wall bricks and add thermal insulation materials to the holes. The existing methods of adding holes include dry filling, dry plugging, foaming filling, etc., but this filling method has disadvantages: inadequate filling, high void rate, high labor and material costs, and difficulty in application.

[0004] In Chinese patent literature, there is a patent document with publication number CN1018312981B, entitled A composite environmentally friendly lightweight building block and its preparation method, which relates to a composite environmentally friendly lightweight building block and its preparation method. The specification is 60×15×25cm and the building block weighs 18kg. It is prepared from raw materials including the following weight percentages, and the slurry ratio is: weight % brine: hexahydrate industrial magnesium chloride 50% gasifier: hydrogen peroxide and calcium hypochlorite 0.01% light-burned powder: light-burned magnesium oxide 85 powder 25% foam stabilizer: sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 0.001% filler: expanded pearlite sand 20% regulator: the rest, sodium hydroxide or citric acid. It can improve processing performance, increase the fluidity of slurry, facilitate pouring during molding, shorten production cycle, reduce production cost, increase activity, improve impermeability and later strength, reduce shrinkage and prevent cracking; it has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, low volume density, low thermal conductivity, thermal insulation, fireproofing and heat insulation, freeze-thaw resistance, small drying shrinkage, etc.; the aerated building blocks of the present invention replace traditional load-bearing building blocks as building wall filling materials, reduce the dead weight of the building structure, reduce the foundation burden, and save energy and materials.

[0005] However, the products protected in the above patent documents cannot solve the technical problem of both heat insulation and sound insulation and load-bearing. The existing load-bearing products include dry hole filling, dry plug filling and foam filling, but they all have the disadvantages of inadequate filling, high void rate, high labor and material costs, and difficulty in application.

[0006] How to design and provide building blocks that are both load-bearing and heat-insulating and sound-insulating, while also meeting environmental protection requirements and the requirements of mass production, is a technical problem that we urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat-insulating, flame-retardant, composite, and environmentally friendly building block to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for filling a heat-insulating, flame-retardant, composite, and environmentally friendly building block to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0009] According to the above purpose, the basic technical scheme of the present invention is: a heat-insulating flame-retardant composite environmentally friendly building block, including a building block, characterized in that the building block is provided with two parallel opposite surfaces at the front and rear, and window panes are provided between the two opposite surfaces, which are symmetrically staggered horizontally and vertically, and the window panes are integrally connected with the outer wall of the building block, and a sink groove is provided on the surface of the outer wall. Through holes are formed between the window panes, and fillers are provided in the through holes. The proportions of the fillers are respectively as follows by weight: main material: 7-10 parts of polystyrene foam particles, 35-50 parts of powdered lightweight materials, and 25-55 parts of 425 cement; additives: 0.5-0.8 parts of foam particle glue powder, 0.8-1 parts of resin glue powder, 0.6-0.8 parts of cellulose, and 0.5-1.2 parts of color paste; water: 120-150 parts.

[0010] According to the above another object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a filling method of a heat-insulating flame-retardant composite environmentally friendly building block, the filling method comprising the following steps:

[0011] Step 1, adding polystyrene foam particles, powdered lightweight material, 425 cement, foam particle rubber powder, resin rubber powder, cellulose, color paste and water in a mixer in order according to the proportion;

[0012] Step 2, fully stirring the mixed materials added according to the proportion in step 1 in a mixer;

[0013] Step 3, the mixed material is discharged through the lower gate into a feed box with a lateral pushing function at one end, and the feed box pushes the mixed material laterally into a quantitative box with vertical downward pressure and adjustable internal volume;

[0014] Step 4, scrape the mixed material evenly stirred in the quantitative box vertically from top to bottom into the extrusion box with forward and backward pushing function;

[0015] Step 5, neatly stack the blocks and fix them on the conveyor line body near the rear side of the extrusion box;

[0016] Step 6, start the extrusion box backward moving device to make the back of the extrusion box lean against the end surface of the block with the through hole;

[0017] Step 7, start the pushing device that can move forward and backward in the extrusion box to push the mixed material evenly stirred in the extrusion box backward into the through hole of the building block.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 2, the mixer is provided with a plurality of blades with different radii and heights in the circumferential direction of the vertical axis for circumferential stirring.

[0019] More specifically, the blades are arranged in a normal direction to the radius circle.

[0020] Furthermore, in the stacking process of step 5, the building blocks stacked on the pallet are clamped and grasped by a robot and placed on the conveyor line at one time according to the number of building blocks to be filled each time.

[0021] Furthermore, in the fixing process of step 5, the bottom surface of the building block is placed on the conveyor line body, and the side, back and top surfaces of the building block are fixed with a flat plate pushed by a cylinder to achieve a planar rated pressure.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 6, a partition window is provided at the rear side of the extrusion box, and a sealing strip is provided on the end surface of the partition window, and elastic pressure sealing is performed by pressing the sealing strip against the surrounding walls of the through hole in the block.

[0023] Furthermore, in step 7, a pushing block protruding and separated backward is provided on the pushing device, and the end face of the pushing block is adapted to the inner circumference of the outer wall of the block. By moving the pushing block to abut against the end face of the window pane, the filler is directly pushed into the through hole of the block.

[0024] In the above filling method, the time interval between the filling of the building blocks with fillers and the maintenance and placement at room temperature and the use as wall building materials is 14 days.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. The filler of the product of the present invention is equipped with main materials and special additives. These materials have a low thermal conductivity, can effectively reduce the conduction of heat, reduce energy consumption, and improve indoor comfort. At the same time, they have sound insulation and noise reduction functions. The product meets the national green development and energy-saving building materials standards;

[0027] 2. In the filling method of the present invention, the fluid filler is pushed into the through hole of the building block by the pushing plate that can move forward and backward in the squeezing box, which can ensure that the through hole in the building block is filled in place, avoid the appearance of voids, and improve the quality of the product;

[0028] 3. In the filling method of the present invention, the fluid filling material in the supply box is pushed into the quantitative box, and then enters the pushing box from the quantitative box, which can improve the pushing efficiency of the filling material, prevent it from being retained, and improve the working efficiency of the pushing plate;

[0029] 4. In the filling method of the present invention, a plurality of building blocks are neatly stacked on the conveyor line body by adopting a robot integral gripping method, and are fixed in multiple positions, which can ensure that the filling process is fast and reliable, and further improve the quality of the product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of product embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a front view structural schematic diagram of product embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] In the figure: 1. Block; 2. Through hole; 3. Sink; 4. Filler; 5. Window pane; 6. Outer wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Combination Figure 1-Figure 2 , is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of an embodiment of a heat-insulating flame-retardant composite environmentally friendly building block and a filling method thereof of the present invention, comprising a building block 1, wherein the building block 1 is provided with two parallel and opposite faces at the front and rear, and a window pane 5 is provided between the two opposite faces, and the window pane 5 is connected to the outer wall 6 of the building block 1 in one piece, and a sink 3 is provided on the surface of the outer wall 6, and a through hole 2 is formed between the window panes 5. When viewed from the front, the through holes are arranged in 5 rows, and the middle row has 4 through holes 2 from top to bottom, and the two rows on both sides of the middle row are respectively provided with long vertical through holes 2, for a total of 3, and 5 through holes 2 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides, and the through holes 2 are arranged staggered from the inside to the outside, and fillers 4 are arranged in the through holes 2, which is beneficial to reducing the heat and sound transfer efficiency of the partition strips. The left-right symmetrical arrangement can not only balance the weight of the composite building block left-right and up-down, but also the window panes 5 between the through holes 2 can improve the internal support force. The left-right and up-down symmetry is also beneficial to the building block 1 not distinguishing between the left-right and up-down directions when laying a wall, which can improve the speed of laying a wall.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] The through hole 2 is provided with a filler 4, and the filler 4 is implemented according to the following filling method, which includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 1, add 7 parts of polystyrene foam particles, 40 parts of powdered lightweight materials, 30 parts of 425 cement in a mixer in order by weight; additives: 0.6 parts of foam particle rubber powder, 0.8 parts of resin rubber powder, 0.7 parts of cellulose, 1 part of color paste; water: 130 parts;

[0037] Step 2, fully stirring the mixed materials added in step 1 according to the weight ratio in a mixer;

[0038] Step 3, the mixed material is discharged through the lower gate into a feed box with a lateral pushing function at one end, and the feed box pushes the mixed material laterally into a quantitative box with vertical downward pressure and adjustable internal volume;

[0039] Step 4, scrape the mixed material evenly stirred in the quantitative box vertically from top to bottom into the extrusion box with forward and backward pushing function;

[0040] Step 5, neatly stack and fix the blocks 1 on the conveyor line body near the rear side of the extrusion box;

[0041] Step 6, start the backward moving device of the extrusion box to place the back of the extrusion box against the end surface of the block 1 having the through hole 2;

[0042] Step 7, start the pushing device that can move forward and backward in the extrusion box to push the mixed material evenly stirred in the extrusion box backward into the through hole 2 of the building block 1.

[0043] Preferably, in step 2, the mixer is provided with a plurality of blades with different radii and heights in the circumferential direction of the vertical axis for circumferential stirring. Specifically, the blades are provided in the normal direction of the radius circle.

[0044] Preferably, in the stacking process of step 5, the building blocks 1 stacked on the pallet are clamped and grasped by a robot and placed on the conveyor line at one time according to the number of building blocks to be filled each time.

[0045] Preferably, in the fixing process of step 5, the bottom surface of the building block 1 is placed on the conveyor body, and the side, back and top surfaces of the building block 1 are fixed with a flat plate pushed by a cylinder to achieve a planar rated pressure.

[0046] Preferably, in step 6, a partition window is provided at the rear side of the extrusion box, and a sealing strip is provided on the end surface of the partition window, and elastic pressure sealing is performed by pressing the sealing strip against the surrounding outer walls 6 of the through hole 2 in the building block 1.

[0047] Preferably, in step 7, a pushing block protruding and separated backward is provided on the pushing device, and the end face of the pushing block is adapted to the inner circumference of the outer wall 6 of the building block 1, and the filler 4 is directly pushed into the through hole 2 of the building block 1 by moving the pushing block to abut against the end face of the window bar 5.

[0048] In the above filling method, the time interval between the filling material 4 in the building block 1 and the maintenance and placement at room temperature and the use as a wall building material is 14 days.

[0049] The capacity of the filler 4 can be calculated according to the volume of the through hole 2 in the building block 1. The internal volume of the quantitative box can be set in step 5 to ensure that the filler 4 just fills the through hole 2 in the building block 1 and the fluid filler 4 does not accumulate. The pushing efficiency of the pushing plate in step 7 is fully utilized, and the pushing force of the electric cylinder on the pushing plate is reduced to increase the service life of the electric cylinder.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] When proportioning, 7 parts of polystyrene foam particles in the main ingredients are proportioned with 50 parts of powdered lightweight materials and 55 parts of 425 cement, and the other ingredients are mixed in the corresponding proportions of Example 1. The preparation method is the same as Example 1.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] When proportioning, 10 parts of polystyrene foam particles in the main ingredients are proportioned with 40 parts of powdered lightweight materials and 30 parts of 425 cement, and the other ingredients are mixed in the corresponding proportions of Example 1. The preparation method is the same as Example 1.

[0054] Comparative Example 1

[0055] When proportioning, 5 parts of polystyrene foam particles in the main ingredients are mixed with 40 parts of powdered lightweight materials and 30 parts of 425 cement, and the other ingredients are mixed in the corresponding proportions of Example 1. The preparation method is the same as Example 1.

[0056] Comparative Example 2

[0057] When proportioning, 7 parts of polystyrene foam particles in the main ingredients are proportioned with 20 parts of powdered lightweight materials and 20 parts of 425 cement, and the other ingredients are mixed in the corresponding proportions of Example 1. The preparation method is the same as Example 1.

[0058] Comparative Example 3

[0059] When proportioning, the additive material component is reduced to the following proportion, including 0.2 parts of foam particle rubber powder, 0.3 parts of resin rubber powder, 0.2 parts of cellulose, 0.1 parts of color paste, and the other ingredients are mixed in the corresponding proportions of Example 1. The preparation method is the same as Example 1.

[0060] Comparative Example 4

[0061] The building blocks 1 without fillers 4 in Example 1 are made into walls with the same specifications as those formed by the building blocks 1 filled with fillers 4 for comparative experiments.

[0062] Performance test: Each sample of the above embodiment and comparative example is made into a wall of 1500mm*1500mm by adding mortar joints with a size of 290mm*240mm*190mm, and the SSX-WRCD enclosure structure heat transfer coefficient detection system (SB-WL-299) detection equipment is used to test in accordance with the Chinese national standard GB / T 13475-2008 "Determination and calibration of adiabatic steady-state heat transfer properties and protective hot box method", and the equivalent thermal conductivity is calculated according to GB 50176-2016 "Civil Building Thermal Design Code", and the results of the performance test are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1

[0063] By analyzing the data in Table 1 above, it is found that there are obvious qualitative differences in the heat transfer coefficient and equivalent thermal conductivity between the wall formed by the block 1 without filler 4 in Example 1 (Comparative Example 4) and the wall formed by the block 1 with filler 4. The heat transfer coefficient of the block 1 after the filler 4 is filled is reduced from 1.621 (Comparative Example 4) without filler 4 to 0.57 (Example 1), and the heat transfer coefficient is reduced by nearly 3 times. The equivalent thermal conductivity is reduced from 0.347 before the filler 4 is not filled to 0.15, and the heat insulation and sound insulation effects are greatly improved, indicating that the corresponding performance of the same specification product is greatly improved after this formula and process, and the energy-saving effect is very obvious, which can fully meet the national requirements for energy conservation in civil buildings.

[0064] Through the analysis of the performance test data of the above embodiments and comparative examples, it is concluded that, within a certain range, when the proportion of polystyrene foam particles in the main material increases, the heat transfer coefficient is better, and when the proportion of powdered lightweight material and cement in the main material increases, the heat transfer coefficient performance decreases instead; in the comparative example, when the value exceeds a certain range, the heat transfer coefficient performance decreases significantly when the proportion of polystyrene foam particles in the main material is reduced, and when the ratio of powdered lightweight material and cement in the main material is reduced, the heat transfer coefficient performance also decreases significantly, and when the auxiliary material, i.e., the additive component, is reduced, the heat transfer coefficient performance also greatly decreases. Within the ratio range of the present invention, the heat transfer coefficient and equivalent thermal conductivity performance can be greatly improved, which meets the requirements of national standards.

[0065] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0066] Although the following terms are frequently used in this article: 1. block; 2. through hole; 3. sink; 4. filler; 5. window lattice; 6. outer wall, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

[0067] The building blocks and the filling method thereof provided by the present invention are introduced above. In the introduction, specific preferred embodiments are used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. These embodiments are only used to help understand the principles and core ideas of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, without departing from the design ideas of the present invention, the implementation schemes in the above embodiments can be further combined or replaced, and the present invention can be improved and modified in a number of ways. These improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat-insulating, flame-retardant, composite, environmentally friendly building block, comprising a building block (1), characterized in that: The building block (1) is provided with two parallel and opposite faces at the front and rear, and window panes (5) are provided between the two opposite faces and are symmetrically interlaced in a horizontal and vertical manner. The window panes (5) are integrally connected to the outer wall (6) of the building block, and a sink groove (3) is provided on the surface of the outer wall (6). Through holes (2) are formed between the window panes (5), and fillers (4) are provided in the through holes (2). The proportions of the fillers (4) in parts by weight are respectively as follows: Main ingredients: 7-10 parts of polystyrene foam particles, 35-50 parts of powdered lightweight materials, 25-55 parts of 425 cement; Additives: 0.5-0.8 parts of foam particle rubber powder, 0.8-1 parts of resin rubber powder, 0.6-0.8 parts of cellulose, 0.5-1.2 parts of color paste; Water: 120-150 parts.

2. The filling method of the heat-insulating flame-retardant composite environmentally friendly building block according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filling method comprises the following steps: Step 1, adding polystyrene foam particles, powdered lightweight material, 425 cement, foam particle rubber powder, resin rubber powder, cellulose, color paste and water in a mixer in order according to the proportion; Step 2, fully stirring the mixed materials added according to the proportion in step 1 in a mixer; Step 3, the mixed material is discharged through the lower gate into a feed box with a lateral pushing function at one end, and the feed box pushes the mixed material laterally into a quantitative box with vertical downward pressure and adjustable internal volume; Step 4, scrape the mixed material evenly stirred in the quantitative box vertically from top to bottom into the extrusion box with forward and backward pushing function; Step 5, neatly stacking and fixing the building blocks (1) on the conveyor line body near the rear side of the extrusion box; Step 6, starting the backward moving device of the extrusion box to place the back of the extrusion box against the end surface of the block (1) having the through hole (2); Step 7, start the pushing device that can move forward and backward in the extrusion box to push the mixed material that is evenly stirred in the extrusion box backward into the through hole (2) of the building block (1).

3. The filling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, the mixer is provided with a plurality of blades with different radii and heights in the circumferential direction of the vertical axis for circumferential stirring.

4. The filling method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blades are arranged in the normal direction of the radius circle.

5. The filling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the stacking process of step 5, the building blocks (1) stacked on the pallet are clamped and grasped by a robot and placed on the conveyor line at one time according to the number of building blocks to be filled each time.

6. The filling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the fixing process of step 5, the bottom surface of the building block (1) is placed on the conveyor line body, and the side, rear and top surfaces of the building block (1) are fixed with a flat plate pushed by a cylinder to achieve a flat rated pressure.

7. The filling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 6, a partition window is provided at the rear side of the extrusion box, and a sealing strip is provided on the end surface of the partition window. The sealing strip is elastically pressed against the outer walls (6) around the through hole (2) in the building block (1) to perform sealing.

8. The filling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 7, the pushing device is provided with a pushing block protruding and spaced backwards, the end face of the pushing block being adapted to the inner circumference of the outer wall (6) of the building block (1), and the filler (4) is directly pushed into the through hole (2) of the building block (1) by moving the pushing block to abut against the end face of the window bar (5).

9. The filling method according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The time interval between the building block (1) being filled with the filler (4) and then being maintained at room temperature and used as a wall building material is 14 days.

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