Impingement cooling assembly, turbine blade, turbine shroud, and gas turbine

Abstract

This invention provides an impact cooling assembly, turbine blade, turbine retaining ring, and gas turbine. The impact cooling assembly includes an impact plate and multiple impact holes arranged in an array. Each impact hole has at least two laterally extending protrusions. In the impact hole with the smallest center distance from the other impact hole, the protrusion on the side of one impact hole facing the other is offset from the protrusion on the side of the other impact hole facing the first impact hole. The impact cooling assembly of this invention can generate a strong cooling effect and provide strong heat transfer uniformity to the impact target surface, thereby reducing the thermal stress of the component where the target surface is located.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas turbines, specifically to an impact cooling assembly, turbine blades, turbine retaining rings, and a gas turbine. Background Technology

[0002] Gas turbine blades typically incorporate impact cooling assemblies on their blade body and / or endwalls, as well as turbine retaining rings, for heat exchange and cooling. The core of these assemblies consists of impact holes on the impact plate. In related technologies, the impact fluids between adjacent impact holes exhibit a counter-current effect; in other words, the impact fluids from adjacent holes impact the target surface and collide head-on, resulting in impact losses. This causes gas stagnation within the collision area, weakening the impact cooling intensity and creating localized low-heat-transfer zones. Consequently, the temperature of the impact target surface becomes uneven, generating significant thermal stress and leading to thermal fatigue damage to the turbine blades and / or turbine retaining rings. Furthermore, the counter-current flow of the impact fluid backflows and counter-impacts the impact plate, further reducing cooling efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0004] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention provide an impact cooling assembly.

[0005] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a turbine blade having the impact cooling assembly described above.

[0006] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a turbine retaining ring having the impact cooling assembly described above.

[0007] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a gas turbine having the turbine blades and / or turbine retaining rings of the above embodiments.

[0008] The impact cooling assembly of this invention includes:

[0009] An impact plate and a plurality of impact holes provided on the impact plate, the plurality of impact holes being arranged in an array, each impact hole having at least two laterally extending protrusions, wherein in another impact hole with the smallest center distance between each impact hole, the protrusion of one impact hole facing the other impact hole is misaligned with the protrusion of the other impact hole facing the first impact hole.

[0010] The impact cooling assembly of this invention has at least two laterally extending protrusions in the impact holes. These protrusions form impact boundaries extending away from the centerline of the impact holes, making the impact airflow discharged from the impact holes more dispersed. This reduces the impact loss caused by the mutual impact of the impact fluid from any one impact hole and the other impact hole with the smallest center distance to the target surface. It also enhances the disturbance of the two impact flows in the corresponding region at the impact flow interface, thereby preventing gas stagnation in the corresponding region and avoiding backflow and counter-impact on the impact plate after impact. Simultaneously, in each impact hole and the other impact hole with the smallest center distance, the protrusions on the side of one impact hole facing the other are staggered with the protrusions on the side of the other impact hole facing one impact hole. This prevents the impact fluid from impacting the target surface directly against each other after impacting from the two impact holes, thus reducing the impact loss caused by the impact fluid from impacting the target surface from the two impact holes. Therefore, the impact cooling assembly of this invention can produce a strong cooling effect and give the impact target surface strong heat transfer uniformity, thereby reducing the thermal stress of the component where the target surface is located.

[0011] In some embodiments, the array of multiple impact holes includes at least two rows of impact holes spaced apart along a first direction, and each row of impact holes includes multiple impact holes spaced apart along a second direction, the second direction being orthogonal to the first direction;

[0012] In two adjacent rows of impact holes, a plurality of impact holes in one row are arranged alternately with a plurality of impact holes in the other row, wherein the impact holes in one row and the impact holes in the other row have the smallest center distance compared to the other impact holes.

[0013] In some embodiments, the array of multiple impact holes includes at least two rows of impact holes spaced apart along a first direction, and each row of impact holes includes multiple impact holes spaced apart along a second direction, the second direction being orthogonal to the first direction;

[0014] In two adjacent rows of impact holes, a plurality of impact holes in one row are arranged alternately with a plurality of impact holes in the other row;

[0015] In the three rows of impact holes arranged sequentially along the first direction, a plurality of impact holes in the first row along the first direction are arranged opposite to a plurality of impact holes in the third row.

[0016] The impact holes in the first row and the impact holes in the third row have the smallest center distance compared to the other impact holes.

[0017] In some embodiments, the array of multiple impact holes includes at least two rows of impact holes spaced apart along a first direction, and each row of impact holes includes multiple impact holes spaced apart along a second direction, the second direction being orthogonal to the first direction;

[0018] In two adjacent rows of impact holes, a plurality of impact holes in one row are arranged opposite to a plurality of impact holes in the other row, wherein the impact holes in one row and the impact holes in the other row have the smallest center distance compared to the other impact holes, and / or, a plurality of adjacent impact holes in each row have the smallest center distance compared to the other impact holes.

[0019] In some embodiments, the protrusions extend in a direction orthogonal to the center line of the impact hole, and the hole wall of the impact hole connecting two adjacent protrusions is an arc surface.

[0020] In some embodiments, there are two protrusions, and at least one of the hole walls connected to the two protrusions forms a recess on the impact plate.

[0021] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the impact hole is elliptical.

[0022] In some embodiments, there are three or more protrusions, and the hole wall between two adjacent protrusions forms a protrusion on the impact plate.

[0023] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole varies along the extension direction of the centerline of the impact hole, and forms the minimum cross-section of the impact hole between the outlet and the inlet of the impact hole.

[0024] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole gradually decreases from the inlet to the minimum cross-section, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole gradually increases from the minimum cross-section to the outlet.

[0025] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area S1 of the inlet, the area S2 of the minimum cross section, and the cross-sectional area S3 of the outlet satisfy: 0.5×min(S1 / S3)≤S2≤S1 / S3.

[0026] In some embodiments, the distance H1 between the inlet and the outlet, and the distance H2 between the inlet and the minimum cross-section, satisfy: 0.5 × H1 ≤ H2 ≤ H1.

[0027] The turbine blades of this invention include the impact cooling assembly described in any of the above embodiments.

[0028] The turbine blades of this invention, by employing the impact cooling assembly of this invention, have good heat exchange uniformity and strong cooling effect, reduce the thermal stress of the turbine blades, and also reduce the amount of cooling gas used.

[0029] The turbine retainer ring of this invention includes: the impact cooling assembly described in any of the above embodiments.

[0030] The turbine retainer ring of this invention, by employing the impact cooling assembly of this invention, has good heat exchange uniformity and strong cooling effect, reduces the thermal stress of the turbine retainer ring, and can also reduce the amount of cooling gas used.

[0031] The gas turbine of this invention includes: the turbine blades described in the above embodiments or the turbine retaining rings described in the above embodiments.

[0032] The gas turbine of this invention, by employing turbine blades or turbine retaining rings of this invention, can reduce the amount of cooling gas used, reduce the frequency of maintenance and replacement of turbine blades or turbine retaining rings, and has stronger environmental adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a front view of a first example of an impact cooling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a front view of a second example of the impact cooling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 and Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the first example of an impact hole;

[0036] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the impact holes in the middle section;

[0037] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the impact holes in the middle section;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a front view of a third example of the impact cooling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a second example of an impact hole;

[0040] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Enlarged diagram of the middle section of the impact hole Figure 1 ;

[0041] Figure 9 yes Figure 6 Enlarged diagram of the middle section of the impact hole Figure 2 ;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a front view of a fourth example of the impact cooling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the third example of an impact hole;

[0044] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 A longitudinal sectional view of a third example of an impact hole;

[0045] Figure 13 yes Figure 10 Enlarged diagram of the middle section of the impact hole Figure 1 ;

[0046] Figure 14 yes Figure 10 Enlarged diagram of the middle section of the impact hole Figure 2 ;

[0047] Figure 15 This is an installation state diagram of the fourth example of the impact cooling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure label:

[0049] 1. Impact plate; 11. Depression; 12. Protrusion;

[0050] 2. Impact hole; 21. Protrusion; 22. First impact hole; 23. Second impact hole; 24. Adjacent side; 25. Opposite side; 26. Arc surface; 27. Inlet; 28. Outlet; 29. ​​Minimum cross section;

[0051] 3. Target surface. Detailed Implementation

[0052] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0053] The following is for reference. Figures 1-15 The invention describes an impact cooling assembly, turbine blades, turbine retainer ring, and gas turbine according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0054] like Figures 1-15 As shown, the impact cooling assembly of this embodiment of the invention includes an impact plate 1 and a plurality of impact holes 2.

[0055] Multiple impact holes 2 are provided on the impact plate 1 and arranged in an array. The impact holes 2 penetrate the impact plate 1 along the thickness direction to allow impact fluids such as cooling gas to pass through.

[0056] The impact hole 2 has at least two laterally extending protrusions 21. Specifically, in any cross-section of the impact hole 2, the protrusions 21 are further away from the centerline of the impact hole 2 than the rest of the impact hole 2.

[0057] In each impact hole 2 and the other impact hole 2 with the smallest center distance, the protrusion 21 of one impact hole 2 facing the other impact hole 2 is misaligned with the protrusion 21 of the other impact hole 2 facing one impact hole 2.

[0058] Specifically, each impact hole 2 has a center distance between itself and at least one other impact hole 2 that is smaller than that between the other impact holes 2. The impact hole 2 that serves as the reference is called the first impact hole 22, and the other impact hole 2 with the smallest center distance from the first impact hole 22 is called the second impact hole 23. The center distance between the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23 is smaller than the center distance between the first impact hole 22 and the other impact holes 2, that is, the center distance between the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23 is the smallest. The number of second impact holes 23 can be one or more, such as two or three.

[0059] The protrusion 21 of the first impact hole 22 facing the second impact hole 23 is misaligned with the protrusion 21 of the second impact hole 23 facing the first impact hole 22.

[0060] When the impact cooling assembly of this embodiment of the invention is used, such as Figure 15 As shown, the impact plate 1 and the component with the target surface 3 are arranged at intervals, and the surface of the impact plate 1 with the outlet of the impact hole 2 is set opposite to the target surface 3 so that the outlet of the impact hole 2 faces the target surface 3. The impact airflow, such as cold air, is discharged from the impact hole 2 and impacts the target surface 3, thereby exchanging heat and cooling the target surface 3 and the component with the target surface 3.

[0061] The impact cooling assembly of this invention has at least two laterally extending protrusions in the impact holes. These protrusions form impact boundaries extending away from the centerline of the impact holes, making the impact airflow discharged from the impact holes more dispersed. This reduces the impact loss caused by the mutual impact of the impact fluid from any one impact hole and the other impact hole with the smallest center distance to the target surface. It also enhances the disturbance of the two impact flows in the corresponding region at the impact flow interface, thereby preventing gas stagnation in the corresponding region and avoiding backflow and counter-impact on the impact plate after impact. Simultaneously, in each impact hole and the other impact hole with the smallest center distance, the protrusions on the side of one impact hole facing the other are staggered with the protrusions on the side of the other impact hole facing one impact hole. This prevents the impact fluid from impacting the target surface directly against each other after impacting from the two impact holes, thus reducing the impact loss caused by the impact fluid from impacting the target surface from the two impact holes. Therefore, the impact cooling assembly of this invention can produce a strong cooling effect and give the impact target surface strong heat transfer uniformity, thereby reducing the thermal stress of the component where the target surface is located.

[0062] It should be noted that the center distance between the two impact holes 2 is the distance between the center point of one impact hole 2 and the center point of the other impact hole 2, and the center distance between the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23 is the distance between the center point of the first impact hole 22 and the center point of the second impact hole 23, such as... Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the center point of the impact hole 22 is point O, and the center distance between the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23 is L. min .

[0063] It should be noted that the center lines of the impact holes 2 can be arranged parallelly or at an angle. When the center lines of the impact holes 2 are parallel, the center distance between the two impact holes 2 is the distance between their center lines, and the center distance between the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23 is the distance between their center lines. When the center lines of the impact holes 2 are at an angle, the center distance between the two impact holes 2 is the distance between the midpoints of their center lines, and the center distance between the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23 is the distance between the midpoints of their center lines.

[0064] Meanwhile, the impact plate 1 can be a flat plate or a curved plate.

[0065] In some embodiments, within any cross-section of the impact hole 2, the distance between the apex of the protrusion 21 and the centerline of the impact hole 2 is 110% or more of the average diameter of the impact hole 2.

[0066] More preferably, it is 130% or more of the average pore diameter of the impact hole 2.

[0067] It should be noted that, within any cross-section of the impact hole 2, the average diameter of the impact hole 2 refers to the average distance between the closed profile formed by the impact hole 2 within that cross-section and the centerline of the impact hole 2.

[0068] In some embodiments, within any cross-section of the impact hole 2, the distance between the apex of the protrusion 21 and the centerline of the impact hole 2 is 110% or more of the radius of the inscribed circle of the impact hole 2. More preferably, it is 130% or more of the radius of the inscribed circle of the impact hole 2.

[0069] It should be noted that the distance between the apex of the protrusion 21 and the center line of the impact hole 2 can simultaneously satisfy both 110% or more of the average diameter of the impact hole 2 and 110% or more of the radius of the inscribed circle of the impact hole 2, or only one of them can be satisfied.

[0070] In some embodiments, the protrusion 21 of the first impact hole 22 facing the second impact hole 23 is misaligned with the protrusion 21 of the second impact hole 23 facing the first impact hole 22. Specifically, as shown in the figure... Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23 are coincident or parallel to the surface of the impact plate 1, and are used to project the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23, or in the common cross section of the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23. The common cross section preferably, but not limited to, passes through the center point O of the first impact hole 22 and the center point O of the second impact hole 23 at the same time.

[0071] Connect the center point O of the first impact hole 22 and the center point O of the second impact hole 23 to form a line segment OO, the length of which is the center distance L between the first impact hole 22 and the second impact hole 23. min .

[0072] At the center point O of the first impact hole 22 and the center point O of the second impact hole 23, auxiliary lines F orthogonal to line segment OO are drawn. The auxiliary line F divides the impact hole 22 with center point O located on the auxiliary line F into an adjacent side 24 and a away side 25. The adjacent side 24 faces the other impact hole 22 relative to the auxiliary line F, and the away side 25 is away from the other impact hole 22 relative to the auxiliary line F. In other words, the auxiliary line F of the first impact hole 22 divides the first impact hole 22 into an adjacent side 24 and a away side 25, and the auxiliary line F of the second impact hole 23 divides the second impact hole 23 into an adjacent side 24 and a away side 25. The adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 is closer to the second impact hole 23 than the away side 25, and the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 is closer to the first impact hole 22 than the away side 25. Therefore, the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 are arranged opposite each other along the extension direction of line segment OO.

[0073] The adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 each have a protrusion 21, and the protrusion 21 of the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the protrusion 21 of the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 are misaligned.

[0074] It should be noted that the misalignment of the protrusion 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the protrusion 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 means that the protrusion 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the protrusion 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 are not arranged directly opposite each other.

[0075] Preferably, the apex of the protrusion 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the apex of the protrusion 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 are not simultaneously located on line segment OO, nor are they simultaneously located on other line segments parallel to line segment OO. In other words, on line segment OO and on other line segments parallel to line segment OO, at most one of the apex of the protrusion 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the apex of the protrusion 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 is present.

[0076] It should be noted that the number of protrusions 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the number of protrusions 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 may be the same or different. The number of protrusions 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 is one or more, and the number of protrusions 21 on the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 is one or more, such as one, two, three, etc.

[0077] In some embodiments, the protrusion 21 extends in a direction orthogonal to the center line of the impact hole 2. For example... Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the vertex of the protrusion 21 is connected to the center line of the impact hole 2 by a line E. The direction along the line E from the center line of the impact hole 2 to the vertex of the protrusion 21 is the extension direction of the protrusion 21 and is orthogonal to the center line of the impact hole 2.

[0078] The wall surface of the impact hole 2 connecting two adjacent protrusions 21 is an arc surface 26. For example... Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 11 As shown, along the direction of the center line around the impact hole 2, the hole wall surface of the impact hole 2 connecting two adjacent protrusions 21 is an arc surface 26.

[0079] The protrusion 21 extends in a certain direction, and the arc surface 26 guides the impact fluid through the impact hole 22, so that the impact fluid is guided to impact the target surface through the two impact holes 22 with the smallest center distance, thus avoiding direct impact between them.

[0080] It is understood that the protrusion is not limited to extending in a direction orthogonal to the center line of the impact hole; in other embodiments, the impact hole is C-shaped.

[0081] It is understood that the wall surface of the impact hole connecting two adjacent protrusions is not limited to an arc surface. In other embodiments, the wall surface of the impact hole connecting two adjacent protrusions is a plane or a stepped surface.

[0082] In such Figures 1-5 In the example shown, there are two protrusions 21, and at least one hole wall in the two protrusions 21 forms a recess 11 on the impact plate 1.

[0083] Specifically, the impact hole 2 has two protrusions 21, and two arc surfaces 26 are connected between the two protrusions 21. At least one arc surface 26 forms a recess 11 on the impact plate 1. In other words, both arc surfaces 26 can form recesses 11 on the impact plate 1, or one arc surface 26 can form a recess 11 on the impact plate 1 and the other arc surface 26 can form a protrusion 12 on the impact plate 1. For example, the impact hole 2 is L-shaped.

[0084] Preferably, both arc surfaces 26 form recesses 11 on the impact plate 1.

[0085] More preferably, the cross-section of the impact hole 2 is elliptical.

[0086] More specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22, the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23, the opposite side 25 of the first impact hole 22, and the opposite side 25 of the second impact hole 23 each have a protrusion 21. The line segment OO is located between the protrusion 21 of the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the protrusion 21 of the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23, thereby ensuring that the protrusions 21 are misaligned.

[0087] In such Figures 6-15 In the example shown, there are three or more protrusions 21, and the hole wall between two adjacent protrusions 21 forms a protrusion 12 on the impact plate 1.

[0088] Specifically, in such Figures 6-9 In the example shown, the impact hole 2 has three protrusions 21, and the arc surface 26 connecting two adjacent protrusions 21 forms a protrusion 12 on the impact plate 1.

[0089] The three protrusions 21 are preferably arranged along the three vertices of an equilateral triangle.

[0090] More specifically, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23, one has one protrusion 21 and the other has two protrusions 21. The protrusion 21 of one is arranged opposite to the arc surface 26 between the two protrusions 21 of the other. One end of the line segment OO is located on the protrusion 21 of one and the other end is located between the two protrusions 21 of the other, thereby ensuring that the protrusions 21 are misaligned.

[0091] In such Figures 10-15 In the example shown, the impact hole 2 has six protrusions 21, and the arc surface 26 connecting two adjacent protrusions 21 forms a protrusion 12 on the impact plate 1.

[0092] The six protrusions 21 are preferably arranged along the six vertices of a regular hexagon.

[0093] More specifically, such as Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 each have three protrusions 21, and the protrusions 21 of the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 are spaced apart from the line segment OO.

[0094] In the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 and the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23, one has two protrusions 21 on one side of line segment OO, and the other has one protrusion 21 on the same side of line segment OO. Figure 13The example shown illustrates that the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 has two protrusions 21 on the lower side of line segment OO, the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 has one protrusion on the lower side of line segment OO, the adjacent side 24 of the first impact hole 22 has one protrusion 21 on the upper side of line segment OO, and the adjacent side 24 of the second impact hole 23 has two protrusions on the upper side of line segment OO. This ensures that the protrusions 21 are misaligned.

[0095] In some embodiments, the array of multiple impact holes 2 includes those along a first direction (e.g., Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 At least two rows of impact holes 2 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction (as shown), and each row of impact holes 2 includes holes arranged along a second direction (such as...). Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 Multiple impact holes 2 are arranged at intervals in the left and right directions (as shown), with the second direction being orthogonal to the first direction.

[0096] In two adjacent rows of impact holes 2, multiple impact holes 2 in one row are arranged alternately with multiple impact holes 2 in the other row, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown.

[0097] In two adjacent rows of impact holes 2, the impact holes 2 in one row and the impact holes 2 in the other row, which are arranged alternately, have the smallest center distance compared to the other impact holes 2. This ensures that the impacting fluid, after impacting the target surface through the two impact holes 22 with the smallest center distance, avoids impacting each other directly.

[0098] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, in two adjacent rows of impact holes 2, the impact hole 2 in the lower row of impact holes 2 is designated as the first impact hole 22, and the impact hole 2 in the upper row of impact holes 2 that alternates with the first impact hole 22 is designated as the second impact hole 23. In other words, the impact hole 2 adjacent to the upper left, upper right, lower left, and lower right of the first impact hole 22 are all second impact holes 23.

[0099] At this time, the number of protrusions 21 in the impact hole 2 is preferably, but not limited to, two or three. When the number of protrusions 21 in the impact hole 2 is preferably two, the cross-section of the impact hole 2 is preferably elliptical, such as... Figures 1-5 As shown. When the number of protrusions 21 in the impact hole 2 is preferably three, the three protrusions 21 are preferably arranged along the three vertices of an equilateral triangle, such as... Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown. It is understandable that the number of protrusions 21 in the impact hole 2 can be more than three.

[0100] It should be noted that in the three adjacent rows of impact holes 2 arranged from bottom to top, the impact holes 2 in the first row and the impact holes 2 in the third row can be staggered or arranged opposite each other, preferably arranged opposite each other. In the impact holes 2 in the first row and another impact hole 2 in the third row arranged opposite to the impact hole 2, the protrusion 21 on the upper side of the impact hole 2 in the first row can be directly opposite to the protrusion 21 on the lower side of the impact hole 2 in the third row, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the center distance between the two impact holes 2 is greater than L. min Preferably, in the multiple rows of impact holes 2, the lines connecting the two protrusions 21 of any two impact holes 2 are parallel. The protrusions 21 on the upper side of the impact holes 2 in the first row can also be offset from the protrusions 21 on the lower side of the impact holes 2 in the third row, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, preferably, in two adjacent rows of impact holes 2, the line connecting the two protrusions 21 of one row of impact holes 2 forms an angle with the line connecting the two protrusions 21 of the other row of impact holes 2, and the line connecting the two protrusions 21 of the first row of impact holes 2 is parallel to the line connecting the two protrusions 21 of the third row of impact holes 2. Preferably, the upper protrusions 21 of the impact holes 2 in the first row and the lower protrusions 21 of the impact holes 2 in the third row are staggered to further prevent the impact fluid from impacting the target surface directly against each other after impacting the target surface through the two impact holes 2, thereby reducing the impact loss caused by the impact fluid impacting the target surface through the two impact holes 2.

[0101] In some embodiments, the array of multiple impact holes 2 includes those along a first direction (e.g., Figure 6 At least two rows of impact holes 2 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction (as shown), and each row of impact holes 2 includes holes arranged along a second direction (such as...). Figure 6 Multiple impact holes 2 are arranged at intervals in the left and right directions (as shown), with the second direction being orthogonal to the first direction.

[0102] In two adjacent rows of impact holes 2, multiple impact holes 2 in one row are arranged alternately with multiple impact holes 2 in the other row.

[0103] Along the first direction (such as) Figure 6 In the three rows of impact holes 2 arranged sequentially in the up-down direction (as shown), along the first direction (such as... Figure 6 As shown in the vertical direction, the multiple impact holes 2 in the first row and the multiple impact holes 2 in the third row are arranged opposite each other. Therefore, the multiple impact holes 2 in the second row are arranged alternately with the multiple impact holes 2 in the first row, and at the same time, the multiple impact holes 2 in the second row and the multiple impact holes 2 in the third row are also arranged alternately.

[0104] The impact holes 2 in the first row and the impact holes 2 in the third row have the smallest center distance compared to the other impact holes 2. This ensures that the impacting fluid, after impacting the target surface through the two impact holes 22 with the smallest center distance, avoids impacting each other directly.

[0105] Specifically, such as Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, in the three rows of impact holes 2 arranged from bottom to top, the impact hole 2 in the first row is designated as the first impact hole 22, and the impact hole 2 in the third row that is opposite to the first impact hole 22 is designated as the second impact hole 23. In other words, the adjacent impact hole 2 directly above and directly below the first impact hole 22 are both designated as the second impact hole 23.

[0106] At this time, the impact hole 2 is preferably, but not limited to, having three protrusions 21. More preferably, the three protrusions 21 are arranged along the three vertices of an equilateral triangle.

[0107] Furthermore, in such Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the example shown, in the three rows of impact holes 2 arranged from bottom to top, the impact holes 2 in the first row are designated as first impact holes 22, the impact holes 2 in the second row that alternate with the first impact holes 22 are designated as second impact holes 23, and the impact holes 2 in the third row that are opposite to the first impact holes 22 are also designated as second impact holes 23. In other words, the center distance between the impact holes 2 in the second row that alternate with the first impact holes 22 and the first impact holes 22, and the center distance between the impact holes 2 in the third row that are opposite to the first impact holes 22 and the first impact holes 22, are equal, both being the minimum center distance L. min Therefore, any impact hole 2 adjacent to the first impact hole 22 is a second impact hole 23.

[0108] It is understood that any impact hole adjacent to the first impact hole is not necessarily a second impact hole. In some embodiments, the center distance between the impact holes in the second row that alternate with the first impact hole and the center distance between the first impact hole and the first impact hole is the minimum center distance L. min In the third row of impact holes, the center distance between the impact holes opposite to the first impact hole and the center distance between the first impact hole and the first impact hole is greater than the minimum center distance L. min .

[0109] In some embodiments, the array of multiple impact holes 2 includes those along a first direction (e.g., Figure 10 At least two rows of impact holes 2 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction (as shown), and each row of impact holes 2 includes holes arranged along a second direction (such as...). Figure 10Multiple impact holes 2 are arranged at intervals in the left and right directions (as shown), with the second direction being orthogonal to the first direction.

[0110] In two adjacent rows of impact holes 2, multiple impact holes 2 in one row are arranged opposite to multiple impact holes 2 in the other row. The impact holes 2 in one row and the impact holes 2 in the other row have the smallest center distance compared to the other impact holes 2, and / or, two adjacent impact holes 2 in each row have the smallest center distance compared to the other impact holes 2. This ensures that the impacting fluid, after impacting the target surface through the two impact holes 22 with the smallest center distance, avoids impacting each other directly.

[0111] Specifically, such as Figure 13 As shown, an impact hole 2 is designated as the first impact hole 22. Among the multiple impact holes 2 in the row containing the first impact hole 22, the impact hole 2 adjacent to the first impact hole 22 is designated as the second impact hole 23. In other words, the impact hole 2 directly to the left and the impact hole 2 directly to the right of the first impact hole 22 are both second impact holes 23.

[0112] At this time, the impact hole 2 is preferably, but not limited to, having six protrusions 21. More preferably, the six protrusions 21 are arranged along the six vertices of a regular hexagon.

[0113] like Figure 14 As shown, in two adjacent rows of impact holes 2, the impact hole 2 in the lower row of impact holes 2 is designated as the first impact hole 22, and the impact hole 2 in the upper row of impact holes 2 that is arranged opposite to the first impact hole 22 is designated as the second impact hole 23. In other words, the adjacent impact hole 2 directly above and directly below the first impact hole 22 are both second impact holes 23.

[0114] At this time, the impact hole 2 is preferably, but not limited to, having six protrusions 21. More preferably, the six protrusions 21 are arranged along the six vertices of a regular hexagon.

[0115] The adjacent impact holes 2 along the vertical direction and the adjacent impact holes 2 along the horizontal direction of the first impact hole 22 can both serve as the second impact hole 23, or one of them can serve as the second impact hole 23. For example, the adjacent impact holes 2 along the vertical direction of the first impact hole 22 can serve as the second impact hole 23, and the center distance between the adjacent impact holes 2 along the horizontal direction and the first impact hole 22 is greater than the minimum center distance L. min Preferably, the adjacent impact holes 2 along the vertical direction and the adjacent impact holes 2 along the horizontal direction of the first impact hole 22 are all used as the second impact holes 23.

[0116] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole 2 varies along the extension direction of the centerline of the impact hole 2, and a minimum cross-section 29 of the impact hole 2 is formed between the outlet 28 and the inlet 27 of the impact hole 2.

[0117] like Figure 12 As shown, the impact hole 2 extends in the vertical direction. In other words, the centerline of the impact hole 2 extends in the vertical direction.

[0118] The top opening of the impact hole 2 is the inlet 27 of the impact hole 2, which is used for the impact fluid to enter the impact hole 2. The bottom opening of the impact hole 2 is the outlet 28 of the impact hole 2, which is used for the impact fluid to exit from the impact hole 2 to the target surface.

[0119] The impact hole 2 is configured with a variable cross section, and a minimum cross section 29 of the impact hole 2 is formed between the outlet 28 and the inlet 27 of the impact hole 2.

[0120] Therefore, the area of ​​the outlet 28 and the area of ​​the inlet 27 of the impact hole 2 are both larger than the minimum cross section 29 of the impact hole 2, which can reduce resistance loss and thus improve cooling efficiency.

[0121] It is understood that, in some embodiments, the cross-section of the impact hole may also be set to be constant along the centerline of the impact hole.

[0122] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole 2 gradually decreases from the inlet 27 to the minimum cross-section 29, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole 2 gradually increases from the minimum cross-section 29 to the outlet 28.

[0123] like Figure 12 As shown, the wall of the impact hole 2 is divided into an upper section and a lower section by a minimum cross-section 29. The upper section is set as a curved surface with a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases from the inlet 27 to the minimum cross-section 29, and the lower section is set as a curved surface with a cross-sectional area that gradually increases from the minimum cross-section 29 to the outlet 28.

[0124] Therefore, the outlet 28 and inlet 27 of the impact hole 2 are both expansion shapes from the inside of the hole to the outside of the hole. At the same time, the hole wall of the impact hole 2 gradually transitions from the inlet 27 to the minimum cross-section 29, and gradually transitions from the minimum cross-section 29 to the outlet 28, so as to avoid the resistance loss caused by the flow separation due to the sudden contraction or expansion of the impact hole 2, reduce the local loss of the outlet 28 and the inlet 27, and thus improve the cooling efficiency.

[0125] It is understood that in other embodiments, the upper and lower portions may be configured as inclined planes.

[0126] In some embodiments, such as Figure 12 As shown, the cross-sectional area S1 of inlet 27, the area S2 of minimum cross-section 29, and the cross-sectional area S3 of outlet 28 satisfy: 0.5×min(S1 / S3)≤S2≤S1 / S3. This ensures that the impacting fluid, after impacting the target surface through the two impact holes 22 with the smallest center distance, avoids direct impact between them, and also avoids resistance loss caused by flow separation due to sudden contraction or expansion of impact holes 2.

[0127] In some embodiments, such as Figure 12 As shown, the distance H1 between inlet 27 and outlet 28, and the distance H2 between inlet 27 and minimum cross-section 29 satisfy: 0.5×H1≤H2≤H1. This ensures that the impacting fluid, after impacting the target surface through the two impact holes 22 with the smallest center distance, avoids direct impact between them, and also avoids resistance loss caused by flow separation due to sudden contraction or expansion of impact holes 2.

[0128] This invention also proposes a turbine blade.

[0129] The turbine blade of this invention includes the impact cooling assembly of this invention.

[0130] The turbine blades of this invention, by employing the impact cooling assembly of this invention, have good heat exchange uniformity and strong cooling effect, reduce the thermal stress of the turbine blades, and also reduce the amount of cooling gas used.

[0131] In some embodiments, the turbine blade includes a blade body and an impact cooling assembly according to the present invention. An impact plate 1 is disposed inside the blade body, dividing the internal space of the blade body into an air supply chamber and an impact chamber. An impact hole 2 connects the air supply chamber and the impact chamber. A portion of the inner wall surface of the blade body is disposed opposite to the surface of the impact plate 1 where the impact hole 2 is located, serving as a target surface 3. The impact chamber is located between the target surface 3 and the impact plate 1. Figure 15 In the example shown, the component with the target surface 3 is the wall of the blade. An impact fluid, such as cold air, enters the impact chamber from the air supply chamber through the impact hole 2 and impacts the inner wall surface of the blade, which serves as the target surface 3, thereby cooling the target surface 3 and the blade.

[0132] In other embodiments, the turbine blade includes an end wall and an impact cooling assembly according to the present invention. One end of the end wall is used to mount the blade body, and the other end of the end wall is used to mount an impact plate 1. An impact cavity is provided between the other end of the end wall and the impact plate 1. A portion of the wall surface of the end wall is positioned opposite to the surface of the impact plate 1 where the impact hole 2 is located, and serves as a target surface 3. The target surface 3 is the wall surface of the end wall facing away from the blade body. Figure 15 In the example shown, the component with the target surface 3 is the end wall, and the blade body is not shown. Impact fluid, such as cold air, enters the impact chamber through the impact hole 2 and impacts the end wall, which serves as the target surface 3, thereby cooling the target surface 3 and the end wall.

[0133] This invention also proposes a turbine retaining ring.

[0134] The turbine retaining ring of this invention includes the impact cooling assembly of this invention.

[0135] The turbine retainer ring of this invention, by employing the impact cooling assembly of this invention, has good heat exchange uniformity and strong cooling effect, reduces the thermal stress of the turbine retainer ring, and can also reduce the amount of cooling gas used.

[0136] In some embodiments, the turbine retainer ring includes a retainer ring body and an impact cooling assembly according to the present invention. One end of the retainer ring body forms a space surrounding the turbine blade, and the other end of the retainer ring body is provided with an impact plate 1. An impact cavity is provided between the other end of the retainer ring body and the impact plate 1. A portion of the wall surface of the other end of the retainer ring body is disposed opposite to the surface of the impact plate 1 where the impact hole 2 is located, and serves as a target surface 3. Figure 15 In the example shown, the component with the target surface 3 is the retaining ring body. Impact fluids such as cold air enter the impact chamber through the impact hole 2 and impact the wall surface of the retaining ring body, which serves as the target surface 3, thereby cooling the target surface 3 and the retaining ring body.

[0137] This invention also proposes a gas turbine, which includes turbine blades or turbine retaining rings.

[0138] The gas turbine of this invention, by employing turbine blades or turbine retaining rings of this invention, can reduce the amount of cooling gas used, reduce the frequency of maintenance and replacement of turbine blades or turbine retaining rings, and has stronger environmental adaptability.

[0139] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0140] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0141] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0142] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0143] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0144] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact cooling assembly, characterized in that, include: An impact plate (1) and a plurality of impact holes (2) provided on the impact plate (1), wherein the plurality of impact holes (2) are arranged in an array, and the impact holes (2) have at least two protrusions (21) extending laterally. The array of multiple impact holes (2) includes at least three rows of impact holes (2) spaced apart along a first direction, and each row of impact holes (2) includes multiple impact holes (2) spaced apart along a second direction, the second direction being orthogonal to the first direction; In two adjacent rows of impact holes (2), a plurality of impact holes (2) in one row are arranged alternately with a plurality of impact holes (2) in the other row, and the impact holes (2) in one row and the impact holes (2) arranged alternately in the other row have the minimum center distance. The plurality of impact holes (2) in the first row along the first direction are arranged opposite to the plurality of impact holes (2) in the third row; The impact holes (2) in the first row have the smallest center distance with the impact holes (2) in the third row that are arranged opposite to each other; In each of the impact holes (2) and the other impact hole (2) with the smallest center distance, the protrusion (21) of one impact hole (2) facing the other impact hole (2) is misaligned with the protrusion (21) of the other impact hole (2) facing one impact hole (2).

2. An impact cooling assembly, characterized in that, include: An impact plate (1) and a plurality of impact holes (2) provided on the impact plate (1), wherein the plurality of impact holes (2) are arranged in an array, and the impact holes (2) have at least two protrusions (21) extending laterally. The array of multiple impact holes (2) includes at least two rows of impact holes (2) spaced apart along a first direction, and each row of impact holes (2) includes multiple impact holes (2) spaced apart along a second direction, the second direction being orthogonal to the first direction; In two adjacent rows of impact holes (2), a plurality of impact holes (2) in one row are arranged opposite to a plurality of impact holes (2) in another row, wherein the impact holes (2) in one row and the impact holes (2) arranged opposite to each other in the other row have the minimum center distance, and / or, the two adjacent impact holes (2) in each row have the minimum center distance. In each of the impact holes (2) and the other impact hole (2) with the smallest center distance, the protrusion (21) of one impact hole (2) facing the other impact hole (2) is misaligned with the protrusion (21) of the other impact hole (2) facing one impact hole (2).

3. The impact cooling assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The protrusion (21) extends along a direction orthogonal to the center line of the impact hole (2), and the hole wall surface of the impact hole (2) connecting two adjacent protrusions (21) is an arc surface (26).

4. The impact cooling assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, There are two protrusions (21), and at least one of the holes in the two protrusions (21) forms a recess (11) on the impact plate (1).

5. The impact cooling assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cross-section of the impact hole (2) is elliptical.

6. The impact cooling assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, There are three or more protrusions (21), and the hole wall between two adjacent protrusions (21) forms a protrusion (12) on the impact plate (1).

7. The impact cooling assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole (2) varies along the extension direction of the center line of the impact hole (2) and forms the minimum cross-section (29) of the impact hole (2) between the outlet (28) and the inlet (27) of the impact hole (2).

8. The impact cooling assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole (2) gradually decreases from the inlet (27) to the minimum cross-section (29), and the cross-sectional area of ​​the impact hole (2) gradually increases from the minimum cross-section (29) to the outlet (28).

9. The impact cooling assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The distance H1 between the inlet (27) and the outlet (28), and the distance H2 between the inlet (27) and the minimum cross section (29) satisfy: 0.5×H1≤H2≤H1.

10. A turbine blade, characterized in that, include: The impact cooling assembly according to any one of claims 1-9.

11. A turbine retaining ring, characterized in that, include: The impact cooling assembly according to any one of claims 1-9.

12. A gas turbine, characterized in that, include: The turbine blade of claim 10 or the turbine retaining ring of claim 11.

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