A fishing vessel low-temperature cold storage and ice-making system based on LNG cold energy and engine waste heat

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature cold storage for fishing vessels, and relates to a low-temperature cold storage and ice-making system for fishing vessels based on LNG cold energy and engine waste heat. The system comprises: an LNG storage tank, an LNG vaporizer, a temperature regulator, an engine, an exhaust gas treatment chamber, an air intake valve, an LNG cold energy utilization system, a low-temperature cold storage, a living area, an adsorption refrigeration system, and a fluidized ice production system. The cold energy released during LNG gasification is used to provide cooling for the low-temperature cold storage and the living area, while the engine waste heat is used to drive the adsorption refrigeration system to provide cold energy for the fluidized ice generating device, so as to realize the production of fluidized ice, thereby achieving the purpose of saving energy and reducing energy consumption. The adsorption refrigeration system of the present invention adopts an activated carbon-ammonia working fluid pair, can be applied to higher heat source temperatures, and has the advantages of stable performance, good mass transfer, no corrosion to equipment, low price, and no damage to the ozone layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature cold storage for fishing vessels, in particular to a low-temperature cold storage and ice-making system for fishing vessels based on LNG cold energy and engine waste heat. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of global energy conservation and emissions reduction, the search for clean alternative energy sources is a future trend in the shipping industry. LNG, with its clean, environmentally friendly, safe, readily available, and technologically mature characteristics, has become the most viable and readily achievable alternative energy source for ships under current technological and market conditions. Building LNG-powered ships is no longer a challenge given current technology. LNG, primarily composed of methane, maintains a temperature below -160°C in its storage tanks, while the inlet air temperature of the power unit is 20°C, a temperature difference of over 180°C. LNG is vaporized in a vaporizer, releasing a significant amount of cold energy. However, this cold energy is currently rarely utilized by ships, resulting in significant waste.

[0003] The exhaust temperature of LNG-powered fishing boat engines can reach as high as around 700°C, and the heat contained in it accounts for about 30-35% of the heat generated by LNG combustion. If this heat is not utilized and directly discharged into the atmosphere, it will cause great waste.

[0004] Currently, shipboard cold storage and air conditioning systems primarily utilize vapor compression refrigeration. The advantages of vapor compression refrigeration include compact structure, high COP, and relatively mature technology. However, the electricity consumed by vapor compression refrigeration is provided by the engine, resulting in low overall energy efficiency and high system energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the Invention

[0006] In order to realize the recycling and utilization of LNG cold energy and engine waste heat in LNG-powered fishing vessels and improve the working mode of fishing vessel low-temperature cold storage, the present invention proposes a fishing vessel low-temperature cold storage and ice-making system that utilizes LNG cold energy and engine waste heat. The cold energy released during LNG vaporization is used to cool the low-temperature cold storage and living area. At the same time, the engine waste heat is used to drive the adsorption refrigeration system to provide cold energy for the fluidized ice generating device, realizing the production of fluidized ice, thereby achieving the purpose of saving energy and reducing energy consumption.

[0007] Technical Solution

[0008] A fishing vessel low-temperature cold storage and ice-making system based on LNG cold energy and engine waste heat includes: an LNG storage tank 1, an LNG vaporizer 2, a temperature regulator 3, an engine 4, an exhaust gas treatment chamber 5, an air intake valve 8, an LNG cold energy utilization system, a low-temperature cold storage 22, a living area 23, an adsorption refrigeration system, and a fluidized ice production system. The LNG storage tank 1, the LNG vaporizer 2, the temperature regulator 3, and the engine 4 are sequentially connected, and the exhaust gas from the engine 4 is connected to the exhaust gas treatment chamber 5 via a pipeline. The exhaust gas treatment chamber 5 is connected to the adsorption refrigeration system via a gas pipeline, and the gas pipeline is provided with an air intake valve 8.

[0009] The LNG cold energy utilization system is connected to the LNG vaporizer 2 through a pipeline; the LNG cold energy utilization system includes: a cryogenic pump 18, a first solenoid valve 61, a heat exchange coil 19, a second solenoid valve 62, a heat exchanger 21, a third solenoid valve 63, and a coolant storage tank 20; the cryogenic pump 18 is connected to the heat exchange coil 19 through a pipeline, and the heat exchange coil 19 is located in a low-temperature cold storage 22 for storing the catch; a first solenoid valve 61 is provided between the cryogenic pump 18 and the heat exchange coil 19; the heat exchange coil 1 The outlet 9 is divided into two parallel branch pipes through a pipeline. The first branch is connected to the brine storage tank 20 through a pipeline, and a second solenoid valve 62 is provided on the first branch pipe. The second branch is connected to the heat exchanger 21 through a pipeline, and a third solenoid valve 63 is provided on the second branch pipe. The heat exchanger 21 is connected to the brine storage tank 20 through a pipeline, and the heat exchanger 21 is located in the living area. The brine in the brine storage tank 20 absorbs cold energy from the LNG vaporizer 2 and is then transported to the cryogenic pump 18.

[0010] The adsorption refrigeration system includes: a first adsorption bed 91 and a second adsorption bed 92, a first one-way valve 71, a second one-way valve 72, a third one-way valve 73, a fourth one-way valve 74, a condenser 10, an ammonia storage tank 11, a throttle valve 12, an evaporator 13, and a fifth solenoid valve 75; the outlet of the air intake valve 8 is divided into two parallel branch pipes, the first branch is connected to the first adsorption bed 91, and the second branch is connected to the second adsorption bed 92; the first adsorption bed 91 is connected to the first one-way valve 71, the second one-way valve 72, the third one-way valve 73, the fourth one-way valve 74, the condenser 10, the ammonia storage tank 11, the throttle valve 12, the evaporator 13, and the fifth solenoid valve 75; the outlet of the air intake valve 8 is divided into two parallel branch pipes, the first branch is connected to the first adsorption bed 91, and the second branch is connected to the second adsorption bed 92; the first adsorption bed 91 is connected to the first one-way valve 71, the second one-way valve 73, the fourth one-way valve 74, the condenser 10, the ammonia storage tank 11, the throttle valve 12, the evaporator 13, and the fifth solenoid valve 75 The first one-way valve 71 is connected to one end of the condenser 10 through a pipeline; the other end of the condenser 10 is connected to the ammonia storage tank 11, the throttle valve 12, the evaporator 13, and one end of the fifth solenoid valve 65 through pipelines in sequence; the other end of the fifth solenoid valve 65 is connected to the second one-way valve 72 and the fourth one-way valve 74 through pipelines respectively; the third one-way valve 73 and the fourth one-way valve 74 are connected to the second adsorption bed 92 respectively; and the first one-way valve 71 and the third one-way valve 73 are connected through a pipeline.

[0011] The fluidized ice production system is connected to the adsorption refrigeration system through the evaporator 13. In the fluidized ice production system, the outlet end of the fluidized ice generating device 14, the fluidized ice outlet valve 15, the fluidized ice output pump 16, the ice storage chamber 17, and the fourth solenoid valve 64 are connected in sequence and then return to the inlet end of the fluidized ice generating device 14;

[0012] Furthermore, the adsorption working fluid pair of adsorption refrigeration is an activated carbon-ammonia working fluid pair.

[0013] Furthermore, the refrigerant in the LNG cold energy utilization system is LM-11 Glacier Refrigerant.

[0014] Furthermore, the cold storage includes heat exchange coils, insulation wall panels, flooring inside the storage, insulation roof, support columns and support frames; the top of the cold storage is arranged from the outside to the inside in order: insulation roof, support frame and heat exchange coils; the outer side of the cold storage wall is insulation wall panels, and the inner side is support columns; the heat exchange coil is used to circulate refrigerant to cool the cold storage; the cold storage floor 222 adopts polyurethane mortar self-leveling.

[0015] Furthermore, the cold storage insulation wall panels and insulation top panel 222 both adopt an inner and outer double insulation structure, the main body of which is two stainless steel plates with polyurethane foam in the middle, the inner insulation structure adopts carbon-doped aerogel, and the outer insulation structure adopts extruded polystyrene board;

[0016] Furthermore, the workflow includes the following steps:

[0017] When the engine 4 is working, low-temperature liquid LNG enters the LNG vaporizer 2 from the LNG storage tank 1 for vaporization, releasing a large amount of cold energy while vaporizing. The LNG is then heated by the thermostat 3 and then enters the engine 4 for combustion.

[0018] The caught fish is placed in the low-temperature cold storage 22, the temperature of the low-temperature cold storage 22 is set (usually around -45°C), the first solenoid valve 61 and the second solenoid valve 62 are opened, the cryogenic pump 18 is turned on, and the third solenoid valve 63 is closed; the cryogenic pump 18 drives the refrigerant in the refrigerant storage tank 20 to pass through the LNG vaporizer 2 to obtain cold energy, and the low-temperature refrigerant passes through the first solenoid valve 61 and enters the heat exchange coil 19 to exchange heat with the cold storage 22; the high-temperature refrigerant after heat exchange passes through the second solenoid valve 62 and enters the refrigerant storage 20 to complete the cycle; when the low-temperature cold storage 22 reaches the preset temperature, the refrigerant coming out of the low-temperature cold storage 22 is still at a relatively low temperature, the third solenoid valve 63 is opened, and the second solenoid valve 62 is closed. The refrigerant coming out of the low-temperature cold storage will flow through the third solenoid valve 63 into the heat exchanger 21 to meet the cooling capacity required by the air conditioner or refrigerator in the living area 23; then the refrigerant flows from the heat exchanger 21 into the refrigerant storage 20 to complete the cycle.

[0019] Open the air inlet valve 8 and the fourth solenoid valve 64, and set the temperature of the evaporator 13 at the same time; the treated tail gas enters the first adsorption bed 91, heats the first adsorption bed 91, and the adsorbent complex begins to desorb high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia; the high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia enters the condenser 10 through the first one-way valve 71, and the ammonia is cooled into a low-pressure liquid in the condenser 10; the low-pressure liquid ammonia enters and is stored in the ammonia storage tank 11; the throttle valve 12 automatically opens to a corresponding degree according to the temperature setting value of the evaporator 13; the liquid ammonia After passing through the throttle valve, the ammonia gas evaporates and absorbs heat in the evaporator 13 and turns into gas again, achieving a cooling effect; the low-temperature, low-pressure ammonia gas flows out of the evaporator 13 and enters the second adsorption bed 92 through the fourth one-way valve 74; the low-temperature, low-pressure ammonia gas in the second adsorption bed 92 forms a complex with the adsorbent again under the cooling effect of the air, completing one cycle; when the first adsorption bed completes desorption, the second adsorption bed is switched to start heating and desorption, and so on, the two adsorption beds are switched in sequence, making full use of the waste heat of the exhaust gas for adsorption cooling;

[0020] Furthermore, when the evaporator 13 reaches a preset temperature, the fluidized ice outlet valve 15 is opened; the fluidized ice generating device 14 absorbs the cold energy released by the evaporator 13, cools the seawater to form fluidized ice, and then enters the ice storage chamber 17 under the action of the fluidized ice output pump 16, completing the entire process of fluidized ice production and storage, which is used to refrigerate and preserve fish that are not suitable for low-temperature freezing storage.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0022] When LNG in LNG-powered ships vaporizes, a large amount of cold energy is released. However, currently, the cold energy of LNG is rarely utilized by ships, resulting in a huge waste of cold energy. In addition, the exhaust temperature of its engine can reach up to about 700°C, which is also a highly efficient energy source that can be recycled. The present invention proposes a low-temperature cold storage and ice-making system for fishing vessels that utilizes the cold energy of LNG and the waste heat of the engine. The cold energy released when LNG vaporizes is used to cool the low-temperature cold storage and living area. At the same time, the waste heat of the engine is used to drive the adsorption refrigeration system to provide cold energy for the fluidized ice generator, thereby realizing the production of fluidized ice, thereby achieving the purpose of saving energy and reducing energy consumption. The adsorption refrigeration system of the present invention adopts an activated carbon-ammonia working fluid pair, which can be used for higher heat source temperatures and has the advantages of stable performance, good mass transfer, no corrosion to equipment, low price and no damage to the ozone layer. The cold storage wall panels of the present invention adopt an internal and external multi-layer insulation structure, and use new insulation materials such as extruded polystyrene board and carbon-doped aerogel to reduce the cold storage's cold dissipation and achieve efficient insulation. The cold energy waste heat recovery system of the present invention can also be used in other types of LNG powered ships and ground LNG gas stations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the fishing vessel cold storage and ice-making system based on LNG cold energy and engine waste heat according to the present invention;

[0024] Description of reference numerals:

[0025] Among them, 1: LNG storage tank; 2: LNG vaporizer; 3: LNG thermostat; 4: engine; 5: exhaust gas treatment chamber; 61: first solenoid valve; 62: second solenoid valve; 63: third solenoid valve; 64: fourth solenoid valve; 71: first one-way valve; 72: second one-way valve; 73: third one-way valve; 74: fourth one-way valve; 8: air inlet valve; 91: first adsorption bed; 92: second adsorption bed; 10: condenser; 11: ammonia storage tank; 12: throttle valve; 13: evaporator; 14: fluidized ice generator; 15: fluidized ice outlet valve; 16: fluidized ice output pump; 17: ice storage chamber; 18: cryogenic pump; 19: heat exchange coil; 20: refrigerant storage tank; 21: heat exchanger; 22: cryogenic cold storage; 23: living area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the implementation of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. In the examples, the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar originals or elements with the same or similar functions. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The embodiments described below by reference are illustrative and intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The following is a detailed description in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] (1) A cold storage system suitable for LNG-powered fishing vessels was proposed, which comprehensively utilized the cold energy of LNG gasification and the waste heat of engine exhaust, realizing the recycling of cold energy and waste heat;

[0028] (2) Compared with the existing steam compression cold storage system, the fishing vessel cold storage system based on LNG cold energy and engine waste heat proposed in the present invention adopts an adsorption refrigeration method, which reduces the use of electricity and refrigerant, achieving the beneficial effect of saving energy and reducing energy consumption;

[0029] (3) The activated carbon-ammonia working fluid pair of the adsorption refrigeration can be applied to higher heat source temperatures; the activated carbon has stable performance, good mass transfer, and does not corrode equipment; ammonia has good stability, low price, and does not damage the ozone layer.

[0030] (4) The refrigerant exchanges heat with the low-temperature cold storage and living area in sequence, realizing the step-by-step utilization of LNG cold energy, making full use of LNG cold energy, and meeting the temperature requirements of different spaces at the same time;

[0031] (5) The present invention has a fluidized ice production system, which fully utilizes the exhaust waste heat of the engine and can produce fluidized ice, thereby complementing the cold storage to meet the refrigeration requirements of different species of fish.

[0032] (6) The fluidized ice production system includes a fluidized ice generating device, a fluidized ice outlet valve, a fluidized ice output pump and an ice storage chamber; the fluidized ice generating device absorbs cold energy in the evaporator of the adsorption refrigeration system to achieve ice production, and under the action of the fluidized ice output pump, the fluidized ice enters the ice storage chamber through the fluidized ice outlet valve, completing the production and storage of fluidized ice.

[0033] (7) The top of the cold storage contains zigzag heat exchange coils, which are evenly distributed on the entire roof. The refrigerant flows directly through the heat exchange coils to exchange heat with the cold storage, which can achieve more uniform and rapid heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cold storage, thereby quickly cooling the cold storage.

[0034] (8) The cold storage insulation wall panels and insulation top panels adopt an internal and external double insulation structure, and use new insulation materials such as extruded polystyrene boards and carbon-doped aerogel to greatly reduce the cold loss of the cold storage, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid cooling of the cold storage.

[0035] The fishing vessel cold storage system based on LNG cold energy and engine waste heat includes: an LNG storage tank 1, an LNG vaporizer 2, a temperature regulator 3, an engine 4, an exhaust gas treatment chamber 5, an air intake valve 8, an LNG cold energy utilization system, a low-temperature cold storage 22, a living area 23, an adsorption refrigeration system, and a fluidized ice production system that utilizes the cold energy. The LNG storage tank 1, the LNG vaporizer 2, the temperature regulator 3, and the engine 4 are sequentially connected, and the exhaust gas of the engine 4 is connected to the exhaust gas treatment chamber 5 via a pipeline. The exhaust gas treatment chamber 5 is connected to the adsorption refrigeration system via a gas transmission pipeline, and the gas transmission pipeline is provided with an air intake valve 8.

[0036] The LNG cold energy utilization system is connected to the LNG vaporizer 2 through a pipeline; the LNG cold energy utilization system includes: a cryogenic pump 18, a first solenoid valve 61, a heat exchange coil 19, a second solenoid valve 62, a heat exchanger 21, a third solenoid valve 63, and a coolant storage tank 20; the cryogenic pump 18 is connected to the heat exchange coil 19 through a pipeline, and the heat exchange coil 19 is located in a low-temperature cold storage 22 for storing the catch; a first solenoid valve 61 is provided between the cryogenic pump 18 and the heat exchange coil 19; the heat exchange coil 1 The outlet 9 is divided into two parallel branch pipes through a pipeline. The first branch is connected to the brine storage tank 20 through a pipeline, and a second solenoid valve 62 is provided on the first branch pipe. The second branch is connected to the heat exchanger 21 through a pipeline, and a third solenoid valve 63 is provided on the second branch pipe. The heat exchanger 21 is connected to the brine storage tank 20 through a pipeline, and the heat exchanger 21 is located in the living area. The brine in the brine storage tank 20 absorbs cold energy from the LNG vaporizer 2 and is then transported to the cryogenic pump 18.

[0037] The adsorption refrigeration system includes: a first adsorption bed 91 and a second adsorption bed 92, a first one-way valve 71, a second one-way valve 72, a third one-way valve 73, a fourth one-way valve 74, a condenser 10, an ammonia storage tank 11, a throttle valve 12, an evaporator 13, and a fifth solenoid valve 75; the outlet of the air intake valve 8 is divided into two parallel branch pipes, the first branch is connected to the first adsorption bed 91, and the second branch is connected to the second adsorption bed 92; the first adsorption bed 91 is connected to the first one-way valve 71, the second one-way valve 72, the third one-way valve 73, the fourth one-way valve 74, the condenser 10, the ammonia storage tank 11, the throttle valve 12, the evaporator 13, and the fifth solenoid valve 75; the outlet of the air intake valve 8 is divided into two parallel branch pipes, the first branch is connected to the first adsorption bed 91, and the second branch is connected to the second adsorption bed 92; the first adsorption bed 91 is connected to the first one-way valve 71, the second one-way valve 73, the fourth one-way valve 74, the condenser 10, the ammonia storage tank 11, the throttle valve 12, the evaporator 13, and the fifth solenoid valve 75 The first one-way valve 71 is connected to one end of the condenser 10 through a pipeline; the other end of the condenser 10 is connected to the ammonia storage tank 11, the throttle valve 12, the evaporator 13, and one end of the fifth solenoid valve 65 through pipelines in sequence; the other end of the fifth solenoid valve 65 is connected to the second one-way valve 72 and the fourth one-way valve 74 through pipelines respectively; the third one-way valve 73 and the fourth one-way valve 74 are connected to the second adsorption bed 92 respectively; and the first one-way valve 71 and the third one-way valve 73 are connected through a pipeline.

[0038] The fluidized ice production system is connected to the adsorption refrigeration system through the evaporator 13. In the fluidized ice production system, the outlet end of the fluidized ice generating device 14, the fluidized ice outlet valve 15, the fluidized ice output pump 16, the ice storage chamber 17, and the fourth solenoid valve 64 are connected in sequence and then return to the inlet end of the fluidized ice generating device 14;

[0039] In this embodiment, the adsorption working fluid pair for adsorption refrigeration is an activated carbon-ammonia working fluid pair, which can be used for higher heat source temperatures; the activated carbon has stable performance, good mass transfer, and does not corrode equipment; ammonia has good stability, low price, and does not damage the ozone layer.

[0040] In this embodiment, the refrigerant in the LNG cold energy utilization system is LM-11 glacial refrigerant, which has strong cooling capacity and good anti-rust performance and can better meet the demand for transmitting LNG cold energy.

[0041] The cold storage includes heat exchange coils, insulation wall panels, flooring inside the storage, insulation roof, support columns and support frames; the top of the cold storage is arranged from the outside to the inside in the order of insulation roof, support frames and heat exchange coils; the outer side of the cold storage wall is insulation wall panels, and the inner side is support columns; the heat exchange coil is used to circulate refrigerant to cool the cold storage; the cold storage floor 222 adopts polyurethane mortar self-leveling, which has excellent high and low temperature resistance, excellent chemical corrosion resistance, heavy impact resistance and other properties.

[0042] The cold storage insulation wall panels and insulation top panel 222 both adopt an inner and outer double insulation structure. The main body is two stainless steel plates with polyurethane foam in the middle. The inner insulation structure adopts carbon-doped aerogel and the outer insulation structure adopts extruded polystyrene board.

[0043] The fishing vessel cold storage system based on LNG cold energy and engine waste heat in this embodiment has the following steps:

[0044] When the engine 4 is working, low-temperature liquid LNG enters the LNG vaporizer 2 from the LNG storage tank 1 for vaporization, releasing a large amount of cold energy while vaporizing. The LNG is then heated by the thermostat 3 and then enters the engine 4 for combustion.

[0045] The caught fish is placed in the low-temperature cold storage 22, the temperature of the low-temperature cold storage 22 is set (usually around -45°C), the first solenoid valve 61 and the second solenoid valve 62 are opened, the cryogenic pump 18 is turned on, and the third solenoid valve 63 is closed; the cryogenic pump 18 drives the refrigerant in the refrigerant storage tank 20 to pass through the LNG vaporizer 2 to obtain cold energy, and the low-temperature refrigerant passes through the first solenoid valve 61 and enters the heat exchange coil 19 to exchange heat with the cold storage 22; the high-temperature refrigerant after heat exchange passes through the second solenoid valve 62 and enters the refrigerant storage 20 to complete the cycle; when the low-temperature cold storage 22 reaches the preset temperature, the refrigerant coming out of the low-temperature cold storage 22 is still at a relatively low temperature, the third solenoid valve 63 is opened, and the second solenoid valve 62 is closed. The refrigerant coming out of the low-temperature cold storage will flow through the third solenoid valve 63 into the heat exchanger 21 to meet the cooling capacity required by the air conditioner or refrigerator in the living area 23; then the refrigerant flows from the heat exchanger 21 into the refrigerant storage 20 to complete the cycle.

[0046] Open the air inlet valve 8 and the fourth solenoid valve 64, and set the temperature of the evaporator 13 at the same time; the treated tail gas enters the first adsorption bed 91, heats the first adsorption bed 91, and the adsorbent complex begins to desorb high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia; the high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia enters the condenser 10 through the first one-way valve 71, and the ammonia is cooled into a low-pressure liquid in the condenser 10; the low-pressure liquid ammonia enters and is stored in the ammonia storage tank 11; the throttle valve 12 automatically opens to a corresponding degree according to the temperature setting value of the evaporator 13; the liquid ammonia After passing through the throttle valve, the ammonia gas evaporates and absorbs heat in the evaporator 13 and turns into gas again, achieving a cooling effect; the low-temperature, low-pressure ammonia gas flows out of the evaporator 13 and enters the second adsorption bed 92 through the fourth one-way valve 74; the low-temperature, low-pressure ammonia gas in the second adsorption bed 92 forms a complex with the adsorbent again under the cooling effect of the air, completing one cycle; when the first adsorption bed completes desorption, the second adsorption bed is switched to start heating and desorption, and so on, the two adsorption beds are switched in sequence, making full use of the waste heat of the exhaust gas for adsorption cooling;

[0047] When the evaporator 13 reaches the preset temperature, the fluidized ice outlet valve 15 opens; the fluidized ice generator 14 absorbs the cold energy released by the evaporator 13, cools the seawater to form fluidized ice, and then enters the ice storage chamber 17 under the action of the fluidized ice output pump 16, completing the entire process of fluidized ice production and storage. It is used to refrigerate and preserve fish that are not suitable for low-temperature freezing storage.

[0048] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with those in the context of the prior art, and unless defined as such, they will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense. The specific embodiments described above further describe the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any person skilled in the art may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment of an equivalent change and apply it to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fishing vessel low-temperature cold storage and ice-making system based on LNG cold energy and engine waste heat, characterized in that: include: LNG storage tank, LNG vaporizer, temperature regulator, engine, tail gas treatment chamber, air intake valve, LNG cold energy utilization system, low temperature cold storage, living area, adsorption refrigeration system and fluidized ice making system; wherein, the LNG storage tank, LNG vaporizer, temperature regulator and engine are connected in sequence, and the tail gas of the engine is connected to the tail gas treatment chamber through a pipeline; the tail gas treatment chamber is connected to the adsorption refrigeration system through a gas pipeline, and the gas pipeline is provided with an air intake valve; The LNG cold energy utilization system is connected to the LNG gasifier through a pipeline; the LNG cold energy utilization system includes: a cryogenic pump, a first solenoid valve, a heat exchange coil, a second solenoid valve, a heat exchanger, a third solenoid valve, and a coolant storage tank; the cryogenic pump is connected to the heat exchange coil through a pipeline, and the heat exchange coil is located in a low-temperature cold storage for storing fish catches; a first solenoid valve is arranged between the cryogenic pump and the heat exchange coil; the outlet of the heat exchange coil is divided into two parallel branch pipelines through a pipeline, the first branch is connected to the coolant storage tank through a pipeline, and a second solenoid valve is arranged on the first branch pipeline; the second branch is connected to the heat exchanger through a pipeline, and a third solenoid valve is arranged on the second branch pipeline; the heat exchanger is connected to the coolant storage tank through a pipeline, and the heat exchanger is located in the living area; the coolant in the coolant storage tank absorbs cold energy from the LNG gasifier and is transported to the cryogenic pump; The adsorption refrigeration system comprises: a first adsorption bed and a second adsorption bed, a first one-way valve, a second one-way valve, a third one-way valve, a fourth one-way valve, a condenser, an ammonia storage tank, a throttle valve, an evaporator, and a fifth solenoid valve; the outlet of the air inlet valve is divided into two parallel branch pipelines, the first branch is connected to the first adsorption bed, and the second branch is connected to the second adsorption bed; the first adsorption bed is respectively connected to the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve; the first one-way valve is connected to one end of the condenser through a pipeline; the other end of the condenser is connected to the ammonia storage tank, the throttle valve, the evaporator, and one end of the fifth solenoid valve in sequence through pipelines; the other end of the fifth solenoid valve is respectively connected to the second one-way valve and the fourth one-way valve through pipelines; the third one-way valve and the fourth one-way valve are respectively connected to the second adsorption bed; and the first one-way valve and the third one-way valve are connected through a pipeline; The fluidized ice making system is connected to the adsorption refrigeration system through an evaporator. In the fluidized ice making system, the outlet end of the fluidized ice generating device, the fluidized ice outlet valve, the fluidized ice output pump, the ice storage chamber, and the fourth solenoid valve are sequentially connected and then returned to the inlet end of the fluidized ice generating device.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The adsorption working fluid pair for adsorption refrigeration is activated carbon-ammonia working fluid pair.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The refrigerant used in the LNG cold energy utilization system is LM-Glacier Refrigerant.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The cold storage includes heat exchange coils, insulation wall panels, floor in the storage, insulation roof, support columns and support frames; the top of the cold storage is arranged from the outside to the inside in order: insulation roof, support frame and heat exchange coils; the outer side of the cold storage wall is insulation wall panel, and the inner side is support column; the heat exchange coil is used to circulate coolant to cool the cold storage; the cold storage floor is self-leveling polyurethane mortar.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The cold storage insulation wall panels and insulation top panels both adopt an internal and external double insulation structure.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The main body of the cold storage insulation wall panel and insulation top panel is two stainless steel plates with polyurethane foam in the middle.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The inner insulation structure of the cold storage insulation wall panels and insulation roof panels adopts carbon-doped aerogel, and the outer insulation structure adopts extruded polystyrene board.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that The workflow includes the following steps: When the engine is working, low-temperature liquid LNG enters the LNG vaporizer from the LNG storage tank and is vaporized. A large amount of cold energy is released during the vaporization, and then it is heated by the thermostat and enters the engine for combustion. The caught fish is placed in a low-temperature cold storage, the temperature of the low-temperature cold storage is set, the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are opened, the cryogenic pump is turned on, and the third solenoid valve is closed; the cryogenic pump drives the refrigerant in the refrigerant storage tank to pass through the LNG gasifier to obtain cold energy, and the low-temperature refrigerant passes through the first solenoid valve and enters the heat exchange coil to exchange heat with the cold storage; the high-temperature refrigerant after heat exchange passes through the second solenoid valve and enters the refrigerant storage tank to complete the cycle; when the low-temperature cold storage reaches the preset temperature, the refrigerant coming out of the low-temperature cold storage is still at a relatively low temperature, the third solenoid valve is opened, and the second solenoid valve is closed, and the refrigerant coming out of the low-temperature cold storage will flow through the third solenoid valve into the heat exchanger to meet the cooling capacity required by the air conditioner or refrigerator in the living area; then the refrigerant flows from the heat exchanger into the refrigerant storage tank to complete the cycle; Open the air inlet valve and the fourth solenoid valve, and set the temperature of the evaporator at the same time; the treated exhaust gas enters the first adsorption bed, the first adsorption bed is heated, and the adsorbent complex begins to desorb high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia; the high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia enters the condenser through the first one-way valve, and the ammonia is cooled to a low-pressure liquid in the condenser; the low-pressure liquid ammonia enters and is stored in the ammonia storage tank; the throttle valve automatically opens the corresponding opening according to the temperature setting value of the evaporator; after the liquid ammonia passes through the throttle valve, it evaporates and absorbs heat in the evaporator and becomes a gas again, achieving a refrigeration effect; the low-temperature and low-pressure ammonia flows out of the evaporator and enters the second adsorption bed through the fourth one-way valve; the low-temperature and low-pressure ammonia in the second adsorption bed forms a complex with the adsorbent again under the cooling effect of the air, completing a cycle; when the first adsorption bed completes desorption, switch to the second adsorption bed to start heating and desorption, and so on, the two adsorption beds are switched in sequence to make full use of the waste heat of the exhaust gas for adsorption refrigeration.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that When the evaporator reaches the preset temperature, the fluidized ice outlet valve is opened; the fluidized ice generating device absorbs the cold energy released by the evaporator, cools the seawater to form fluidized ice, and then enters the ice storage room under the action of the fluidized ice output pump, completing the entire process of fluidized ice production and storage, which is used to refrigerate and preserve fish that are not suitable for low-temperature freezing storage.

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