A tensile testing device for mechanical parts

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tensile strength testing equipment, specifically a tensile testing device for mechanical parts, including an interlacing mechanism including a support, a support sleeve and a control component, wherein there are two supports, and the two supports are arranged on a first fixture at intervals along a second axis, and the second axis is perpendicular to the second axis. The present invention is provided with a support, a support sleeve and a control component, and when fixing the hole of a workpiece, the control component drives two groups of support sleeves to approach each other so that a support sleeve with a diameter less than or equal to the aperture of the workpiece is inserted into the hole of the workpiece, and no matter how large the aperture of the ear part of the workpiece is, there will always be a support sleeve matching its diameter extending into its hole to form an "axis" matching the aperture of the workpiece, so when replacing and testing workpieces of different specifications, the staff does not need to disassemble and assemble the support sleeve and the first fixture, which is more convenient to use and can effectively reduce the labor intensity of the staff.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tensile strength testing equipment, and in particular to a tensile testing device for mechanical parts. Background Art

[0002] The connecting rod joint is a standard mechanical part, and its common shape is Y-shaped. The connecting rod joint is specifically composed of a rod structure and an ear structure, and a connecting hole is opened on the side of the ear structure. The connecting rod joint is subjected to tensile loads in the working state. In order to ensure product quality, the tensile strength test of the connecting rod joint is required to ensure that the connecting rod joint will not be fatigued and damaged due to insufficient tensile strength during its life cycle.

[0003] When testing the tensile strength of a connecting rod joint, the prior art usually involves inserting a shaft into the hole of the connecting rod joint, then clamping the shaft on a first fixture, then clamping the rod of the connecting rod joint on a second fixture, and finally allowing the second fixture to drive the rod of the connecting rod joint with a preset tensile stress and move away from the first fixture along the axis of the rod of the connecting rod joint to test the tensile performance of the connecting rod joint under the preset tensile stress. Since connecting rod joints have a variety of specifications, the diameter of the hole of each specification is different. Therefore, when testing connecting rod joints of different specifications, it is necessary to replace the shaft inserted into the hole of the connecting rod joint and re-clamp the shaft on the first fixture. This requires the staff to disassemble and assemble the first fixture and the shaft many times, which is inconvenient to use. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a mechanical parts tensile testing device to address the problems existing in the current mechanical parts tensile testing device, so as to solve the problem that when testing connecting rod joints of different specifications, the staff needs to disassemble and assemble the first clamp and the shaft many times, which is inconvenient to use.

[0005] The above purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions: A tensile testing device for mechanical parts comprises: frame; A first clamp, the first clamp is arranged at the lower part of the frame; A second clamp is arranged on the upper part of the frame and above the first clamp, and the second clamp can approach or move away from the first clamp along the first axis; The interpenetration mechanism includes a support, a support sleeve and a control component. There are two supports, which are arranged on the first fixture along the second axis at intervals. The second axis is perpendicular to the second axis. The axis of the support sleeve coincides with the second axis. There are two groups of support sleeves, each group has a plurality of support sleeves with different diameters, and the plurality of support sleeves with different diameters in each group are coaxially sleeved in sequence and elastically connected to the corresponding supports. There are two control components which are arranged in corresponding supports and connected to a corresponding group of support sleeves. The control components are used to drive the corresponding group of support sleeves to move along the second axis so that the two groups of support sleeves can approach or move away from each other along the second axis.

[0006] Further, the control assembly includes a screw, a first stop ring, a second stop ring, a center ring and a nut, the nut is arranged on the outside of the support, the screw is threadedly connected with the nut and the screw penetrates into the support, the first stop ring is arranged at one end of the screw away from the nut, the second stop ring is coaxial with the first stop ring and is arranged on the screw at intervals, the center ring is sleeved on the outside of the screw, and the two ends of the center ring are respectively abutted against the first stop ring and the second stop ring; A stop convex ring is provided at one end of the support sleeve away from the first stop ring; When the two groups of supporting sleeves move away from each other along the second axis, the stop convex rings corresponding to two adjacent supporting sleeves can abut against each other.

[0007] Furthermore, among the two end faces facing each other in two supporting sleeves with the same diameter in the two groups of supporting sleeves, one end face is provided with an annular concave platform, and the other end face is provided with an annular convex platform, and the annular concave platform is matched with the annular convex platform.

[0008] Furthermore, a mounting hole is opened on the circumference of the support sleeve, and the mounting hole extends along the radial direction of the support sleeve. A damping column is slidably connected in the mounting hole, and the damping column can move along the axis of the mounting hole.

[0009] Furthermore, a mounting groove is provided on an end surface of the support sleeve close to the first stop ring, the mounting groove extends along the axis of the support sleeve and is connected to the mounting hole, a sliding column is elastically connected in the mounting groove, a first inclined surface is provided on the side of the sliding column facing the mounting hole, and the damping column is slidably matched with the first inclined surface; The first inclined surface is configured such that when one end of the sliding column extends to a preset length outside the mounting groove, the first inclined surface slides and abuts against the damping column so that the damping column is located in the mounting hole; The first inclined surface is also configured such that when the sliding column is completely moved into the installation groove, the first inclined surface slides and abuts against the damping column so that one end of the damping column extends out of the installation hole.

[0010] Furthermore, a centering component is also provided in the first fixture, and the centering component is connected to the support, and the centering component is used to drive the two supports to move closer to each other or away from each other.

[0011] Further, the centering assembly includes a center rod, a linear drive unit, a push plate and a damping frame, the center rod is slidably arranged in the first fixture, the axis of the center rod coincides with the first axis, the linear drive unit is arranged in the first fixture, the linear drive unit is connected to the lower end of the center rod, and is used to drive the center rod to move along the first axis, the push plate is arranged at the upper end of the center rod, the upper part of the push plate is symmetrically provided with a second inclined surface with the first axis as the symmetry axis, there are two damping frames, the two damping frames are slidably arranged in the first fixture along the second axis, the damping frame and the support are in frictional contact along the second axis, the lower part of the damping frame is provided with a third inclined surface, and the second inclined surface is in sliding contact with the third inclined surface; The second inclined surface and the third inclined surface are configured so that when the central rod moves downward, the second inclined surface and the third inclined surface slide and stagger, so that the two damping frames move away from each other synchronously; The second inclined surface and the third inclined surface are also configured so that when the central rod moves upward, the second inclined surface and the third inclined surface slide and overlap, so that the two damping frames are synchronously close to each other.

[0012] Furthermore, the linear drive unit is any one of a linear feed mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, a hydraulic drive component is provided on the upper portion of the frame, and a power end of the hydraulic drive component is connected to the second clamp so that the second clamp can approach or move away from the first clamp along the first axis.

[0014] Furthermore, a stress sensor is provided at the connection position between the second clamp and the hydraulic drive member, and the stress sensor is used to detect the tensile stress value applied by the hydraulic drive member; An alarm is arranged on the frame, and the alarm is electrically connected to the stress sensor. When the tensile stress value detected by the stress sensor is greater than a first preset value, the alarm sounds an alarm.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention is provided with a support, a support sleeve and a control component. When the hole of the workpiece is fixed, the control component drives the two groups of support sleeves to approach each other, so that the support sleeve with a diameter less than or equal to the aperture of the workpiece is inserted into the hole of the workpiece. No matter how large the aperture of the ear part of the workpiece is, there will always be a support sleeve matching its diameter extending into its hole to form an "axis" matching the aperture of the workpiece. Therefore, when replacing and inspecting workpieces of different specifications, the staff does not need to disassemble and assemble the support sleeve and the first clamp, which is convenient to use and can effectively reduce the labor intensity of the staff. The support sleeve with a diameter greater than the aperture of the workpiece is elastically abutted against the side of the ear part of the workpiece, so that the ear part of the workpiece is subjected to the elastic force and presents an inverted eight-shaped shape, so that the deformation degree of the support sleeve inserted into its hole can be adapted, so that the support sleeve inserted into the hole of the workpiece fits the hole wall as closely as possible, thereby improving the uniformity of the force on the hole wall of the workpiece, so as to improve the accuracy of the detection result. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of a tensile testing device for mechanical parts of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a tensile testing device for mechanical parts of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a side view of a tensile testing device for mechanical parts of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Middle AA section view; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at a; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at b; Figure 7 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at c in the middle; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a first clamp in a tensile testing device for mechanical parts of the present invention; Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point d in the middle; Fig.10 A half-section isometric view of a support sleeve (left) in a tensile testing device for mechanical parts of the present invention; Fig.11 This is a schematic structural diagram of a support sleeve (right) in a tensile testing device for mechanical parts of the present invention; Fig.12 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a workpiece in a tensile testing device for mechanical parts.

[0017] in: 100, rack; 200, first clamp; 300, second clamp; 400, interpenetration mechanism; 410, support; 420, support sleeve; 421, annular concave platform; 422, annular convex platform; 423, mounting hole; 424, mounting groove; 425, damping column; 426, sliding column; 4261, first inclined surface; 427, first elastic member; 428, second elastic member; 430, control assembly; 431, screw; 432, first stop ring; 433, second stop ring; 434, center ring; 435, nut; 436, stop convex ring; 500, centering assembly; 510, center rod; 520, linear drive unit; 530, push plate; 531, second inclined plane; 540, damping frame; 541, third inclined plane; 600, hydraulic drive parts; 700. Workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0019] The serial numbers assigned to the components herein, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The "connection" and "coupling" mentioned in this application, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0020] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0021] like Figure 1-Figure 12 As shown, a mechanical parts tensile testing device is used for Fig.12The workpiece 700 shown in the figure is subjected to tensile strength testing. The tensile testing device for mechanical parts includes a frame 100, a first fixture 200, a second fixture 300 and an insertion mechanism 400. The first fixture 200 is arranged at the lower part of the frame 100, and the second fixture 300 is arranged at the upper part of the frame 100 and is located above the first fixture 200. The second fixture 300 can approach or move away from the first fixture 200 along the first axis. The insertion mechanism 400 includes a support 410, a support sleeve 420 and a control component 430. There are two supports 410. The two supports 410 are arranged on the first fixture 200 at intervals along the second axis. The second axis is perpendicular to each other. The axis of the support sleeve 420 is Coincident with the second axis, there are two groups of support sleeves 420, each group has multiple support sleeves 420 of different diameters, and each group of multiple support sleeves 420 of different diameters are coaxially sleeved in sequence and elastically connected to the corresponding support 410. It should be specifically explained that the multiple support sleeves 420 of different diameters correspond to the diameters of the holes in the ear part of the workpiece 700 of various different specifications. There are two control components 430 and they are arranged in the corresponding support 410 and connected to the corresponding group of support sleeves 420. The control component 430 is used to drive the corresponding group of support sleeves 420 to move along the second axis so that the two groups of support sleeves 420 can approach or move away from each other along the second axis.

[0022] It should also be noted that, specifically, multiple support sleeves 420 of different diameters in each group are coaxially socketed in sequence, and each support sleeve 420 in each group is connected to the corresponding support 410 through a second elastic member 428. In the initial state, the second elastic member 428 is in the maximum compression state.

[0023] When in use, the staff first takes out a workpiece 700 from the same batch of workpieces 700 with the same specifications for random inspection, so that the hole of the ear part of the workpiece 700 coincides with the second axis, and the rod of the workpiece 700 coincides with the first axis. Next, the second clamp 300 is first moved close to the first clamp 200 along the first axis, and the rod of the workpiece 700 is clamped by the second clamp 300. After the workpiece 700 is clamped and fixed by the second clamp 300, the two control components 430 are started, and the corresponding set of support sleeves 420 are driven to move along the second axis by the two control components 430, so that the two sets of support sleeves 420 are close to each other along the second axis. Then, the support sleeve 420 with a diameter larger than the hole diameter of the ear part of the workpiece 700 elastically abuts against the side of the ear part of the workpiece 700, and the support sleeve 420 with a smaller diameter elastically abuts against the side of the ear part of the workpiece 700. The support sleeve 420 whose diameter is equal to the hole diameter of the workpiece 700 continues to extend into the hole of the workpiece 700. Finally, after the two groups of support sleeves 420 with diameters less than or equal to the hole diameter of the workpiece 700 abut against each other, the control component 430 stops driving the two groups of support sleeves 420 to approach each other along the second axis. At this time, the support sleeves 420 extending into the hole of the workpiece 700, after abutting against each other, are equivalent to forming an "axis" inserted into the hole of the workpiece 700, and the diameter of the "axis" is adapted to the hole diameter of the workpiece 700. Next, the staff makes the second fixture 300 move along the first axis away from the first fixture 200 with a preset tensile stress. At this time, the workpiece 700 is subjected to the preset tensile stress. After the preset tensile stress acts for a certain period of time, the staff removes the current workpiece 700 for inspection.

[0024] When inspecting the next workpiece 700, similarly, the support sleeve 420 with a diameter less than or equal to the aperture of the current workpiece 700 extends into the hole of the workpiece 700, while the support sleeve 420 with a diameter greater than the aperture of the current workpiece 700 elastically abuts against the side of the ear portion of the workpiece 700. Therefore, no matter what the aperture size of the ear portion of the workpiece 700 to be inspected is, there will always be a support sleeve 420 that matches its diameter to extend into its hole to form an "axis" that matches the aperture of the workpiece 700. Therefore, when inspecting a workpiece 700 of different specifications, the staff does not need to disassemble and assemble the support sleeve 420 and the first fixture 200, which is more convenient to use and can effectively reduce the labor intensity of the staff.

[0025] It is understandable that when the aperture of the workpiece 700 is small, the diameter of the "axis" formed by the "support sleeve 420" extending into the hole is relatively small. Inevitably, when the workpiece 700 is subjected to the tensile stress from the second fixture 300, the "axis" will be deformed into a V-shape with an angle slightly less than 180 degrees. This will cause the "axis" to no longer fit the aperture of the workpiece 700 completely. At this time, the force on the hole wall of the workpiece 700 is no longer uniform, which will cause the detection result to be inaccurate. In order to solve this problem, In order to solve this problem, in the present invention, since the support sleeve 420 with a diameter larger than the aperture of the workpiece 700 elastically abuts against the side of the ear portion of the workpiece 700, the ear portion of the workpiece 700 is subjected to the elastic force and presents an inverted eight-shaped shape, so that the deformation degree of the support sleeve 420 inserted into the hole can be adapted, so that the support sleeve 420 inserted into the hole of the workpiece 700 fits the hole wall as much as possible, thereby improving the uniformity of the force on the hole wall of the workpiece 700, so as to improve the accuracy of the detection result. In addition, the smaller the aperture of the workpiece 700, the more the number of support sleeves 420 abutting against the side of the ear portion of the workpiece 700, the greater the sum of the elastic forces provided, so that the deformation of the ear of the workpiece 700 is greater, so that the deformation degree of the support sleeve 420 inserted into the hole of the workpiece 700 can be adapted to keep the hole wall of the workpiece 700 fit the "axis".

[0026] In a further embodiment, Figure 4-Figure 7 As shown, the control component 430 includes a screw 431, a first stop ring 432, a second stop ring 433, a center ring 434 and a nut 435, the nut 435 is arranged on the outer side of the support 410, the screw 431 is threadedly connected with the nut 435 and the screw 431 penetrates into the support 410, the first stop ring 432 is arranged at the end of the screw 431 away from the nut 435, the second stop ring 433 is coaxial with the first stop ring 432 and is arranged on the screw 431 at intervals, the center ring 434 is sleeved on the outside of the screw 431, and the two ends of the center ring 434 are respectively abutted against the first stop ring 432 and the second stop ring 433, and a stop convex ring 436 is provided at the end of the support sleeve 420 away from the first stop ring 432. When the two groups of support sleeves 420 move away from each other along the second axis, the stop convex rings 436 corresponding to the two adjacent support sleeves 420 can abut against each other.

[0027] In the initial state, the two groups of support sleeves 420 are at the farthest distance from each other. When the two groups of support sleeves 420 are to be brought closer to each other, the staff rotates the two screws 431, and the screws 431 are driven by the corresponding nuts 435 to move closer to each other along the second axis. The center ring 434 moves synchronously under the driving action of the second stop ring 433, so that the elastic force of the second elastic member 428 corresponding to the support sleeve 420 adjacent to the center ring 434 is gradually released, and the support sleeve 420 approaches the other group of support sleeves 420 along the second axis. After the line moves, the elastic force of the second elastic member 428 corresponding to the support sleeve 420 adjacent to the support sleeve 420 and having a diameter larger than the support sleeve 420 is gradually released, and the support sleeve 420 is also close to another group of support sleeves 420. Similarly, the remaining support sleeves 420 move in the direction of approaching another group of support sleeves 420 in sequence according to their diameters, and finally the two groups of support sleeves 420 with diameters less than or equal to the aperture of the workpiece 700 are extended into the hole and abut against each other, and at the same time, the support sleeve 420 with a diameter larger than the aperture of the workpiece 700 is elastically abutted against the side of the ear portion of the workpiece 700.

[0028] After the inspection of the current workpiece 700 is completed, the workpiece 700 needs to be removed. At this time, the staff rotates the two screws 431 in the opposite direction. The screws 431 are driven away from each other along the second axis by the corresponding nuts 435, and the center ring 434 moves synchronously under the driving action of the first stop ring 432. Therefore, the end of the center ring 434 close to the stop convex ring 436 gradually abuts against the stop convex ring 436 corresponding to the adjacent support sleeve 420, and pushes the corresponding support sleeve 420 away from the other group of support sleeves 420 along the second axis. After the current support sleeve 420 moves away from the other group of support sleeves 420 along the second axis, the support sleeve 420 abuts against the stop convex ring 436 corresponding to the support sleeve 420 adjacent to it and with a diameter larger than its diameter, and pushes the support sleeve 420 away from the other group of support sleeves 420 along the second axis, and finally makes the two groups of support sleeves 420 move in the opposite direction to the initial position.

[0029] In a further embodiment, Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, in the two end faces facing each other of two support sleeves 420 of the same diameter in the two groups of support sleeves 420, one of the end faces is provided with an annular recess 421, and the other end face is provided with an annular boss 422, and the annular recess 421 is matched with the annular boss 422.

[0030] This arrangement is to enable the support sleeves 420 of the two groups of support sleeves 420 that extend into the holes of the workpiece 700 to form a stable "axis" structure through the mutual insertion and cooperation of the annular recess 421 and the annular boss 422, so as to avoid the axis lines of the two groups of support sleeves 420 being misaligned with each other when the workpiece 700 is subjected to tensile stress from the second clamp 300, resulting in uneven force on the hole wall of the workpiece 700.

[0031] In a further embodiment, Figure 9-11 As shown, a mounting hole 423 is opened on the circumference of the support sleeve 420 , and the mounting hole 423 extends along the radial direction of the support sleeve 420 . A damping column 425 is slidably connected in the mounting hole 423 , and the damping column 425 can move along the axis of the mounting hole 423 .

[0032] When two groups of support sleeves 420 with diameters less than or equal to the hole diameter of the workpiece 700 abut against each other, the damping column 425 moves along the axis of the mounting hole 423 toward the outside of the mounting hole 423. At this time, the positive pressure between the damping column 425 and the hole wall of the workpiece 700 increases, and then the friction force increases, thereby preventing the support sleeve 420 and the workpiece 700 from sliding relative to each other along the second axis, thereby preventing inaccurate detection results caused by this.

[0033] In a further embodiment, Figure 6-Figure 11 As shown, a mounting groove 424 is provided on the end surface of the support sleeve 420 near the first stop ring 432, and the mounting groove 424 extends along the axis of the support sleeve 420 and is connected to the mounting hole 423. A sliding column 426 is elastically connected in the mounting groove 424. Specifically, the sliding column 426 and the bottom of the mounting groove 424 are connected by a first elastic member 427. The sliding column 426 is provided with a first inclined surface 4261 on the side facing the mounting hole 423, and the damping column 425 is connected to the first inclined surface 4261 is slidably matched, and the first inclined surface 4261 is configured to slide and abut against the damping column 425 when one end of the sliding column 426 extends to a preset length outside the mounting groove 424, so that the damping column 425 is located in the mounting hole 423. The first inclined surface 4261 is also configured to slide and abut against the damping column 425 when the sliding column 426 is completely moved into the mounting groove 424, so that one end of the damping column 425 extends to the outside of the mounting hole 423.

[0034] After the two groups of support sleeves 420 with diameters less than or equal to the hole diameter of the workpiece 700 abut against each other, the sliding column 426 is squeezed by the support sleeve 420 facing it and moves completely into the installation groove 424. At this time, the first elastic member 427 is compressed, and the first inclined surface 4261 slides and abuts against the damping column 425 so that the damping column 425 extends to the outside of the installation hole 423. At this time, the positive pressure between the damping column 425 and the hole wall of the workpiece 700 increases, and the friction force increases, thereby preventing the support sleeve 420 and the workpiece 700 from sliding relative to each other along the second axis, thereby preventing inaccurate detection results caused by this.

[0035] When the two groups of support sleeves 420 move away from each other, the sliding column 426 is no longer squeezed by the support sleeve 420 facing it. Under the elastic force of the first elastic member 427, the sliding column 426 extends to a preset length outside the mounting groove 424. At this time, the first inclined surface 4261 slides against the damping column 425 so that the damping column 425 is located in the mounting hole 423.

[0036] In a further embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a centering component 500 is further provided in the first fixture 200 . The centering component 500 is connected to the support 410 . The centering component 500 is used to drive the two supports 410 to move closer to each other or away from each other.

[0037] Before the two groups of support sleeves 420 are brought closer to each other, the staff first drives the two supports 410 closer to each other through the centering assembly 500 to reduce the distance between the two groups of support sleeves 420 to the required distance. Next, the staff brings the two groups of support sleeves 420 closer to each other until the support sleeves 420 with diameters less than or equal to the aperture diameter in the two groups of support sleeves 420 abut against each other.

[0038] After the two groups of support sleeves 420 move away from each other, the staff drives the two supports 410 away from each other through the centering assembly 500 to increase the distance between the two groups of support sleeves 420 to the maximum distance, so as to leave sufficient space for the staff to remove the workpiece 700 from the first fixture 200.

[0039] In a further embodiment, the centering assembly 500 includes a center rod 510, a linear drive unit 520, a push plate 530 and a damping frame 540. The center rod 510 is slidably arranged in the first fixture 200, the axis of the center rod 510 coincides with the first axis, the linear drive unit 520 is arranged in the first fixture 200, the linear drive unit 520 is connected to the lower end of the center rod 510, and the linear drive unit 520 is used to drive the center rod 510 to move along the first axis. The push plate 530 is arranged at the upper end of the center rod 510, and the upper part of the push plate 530 is symmetrically provided with a second inclined surface 531 with the first axis as the symmetry axis. There are two damping frames 540, and the two damping frames 5 40 is arranged in the first clamp 200 and slides along the second axis. The damping frame 540 is in frictional contact with the support 410 along the second axis. A third inclined surface 541 is provided at the lower part of the damping frame 540. The second inclined surface 531 is in sliding contact with the third inclined surface 541. The second inclined surface 531 and the third inclined surface 541 are configured so that when the center rod 510 moves downward, the second inclined surface 531 and the third inclined surface 541 slide and stagger, so that the two damping frames 540 move away from each other synchronously. The second inclined surface 531 and the third inclined surface 541 are also configured so that when the center rod 510 moves upward, the second inclined surface 531 and the third inclined surface 541 slide and overlap, so that the two damping frames 540 move toward each other synchronously.

[0040] When the centering component 500 needs to drive the two supports 410 to approach each other, specifically, the linear drive unit 520 is started, the linear drive unit 520 drives the center rod 510 to move upward, the center rod 510 drives the push plate 530 to move upward, the push plate 530 pushes the two damping frames 540 to approach each other along the second axis through the sliding cooperation between the second inclined surface 531 and the third inclined surface 541, and the two damping frames 540 drive the corresponding supports 410 to approach each other synchronously, so that the distance between the two supports 410 is reduced to the required distance.

[0041] When the centering component 500 needs to drive the two supports 410 away from each other, specifically, the linear drive unit 520 is started, the linear drive unit 520 drives the center rod 510 to move downward, the center rod 510 drives the push plate 530 to move downward, the push plate 530 pushes the two damping frames 540 away from each other along the second axis through the sliding cooperation between the second inclined surface 531 and the third inclined surface 541, and the two damping frames 540 drive the corresponding supports 410 to move away from each other synchronously, so that the spacing between the two supports 410 is increased to the required distance.

[0042] It should be further explained that the linear drive unit 520 is any one of a linear feed mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0043] It should also be noted that the damping frame 540 and the support 410 are in a sliding fit, and the contact surface between the two has a large friction force, so that the damping frame 540 can drive the support 410 to move synchronously. When it is necessary to maintain the support 410 and the supporting sleeve 420 inside it, the support 410 can be removed from the damping frame 540 along the sliding fit direction between the damping frame 540 and the support 410.

[0044] In a further embodiment, a hydraulic drive member 600 is disposed on the upper portion of the frame 100 , and a power end of the hydraulic drive member 600 is connected to the second clamp 300 , so that the second clamp 300 can approach or move away from the first clamp 200 along the first axis.

[0045] When the second clamp 300 needs to move, the hydraulic drive 600 is started, and the power end of the hydraulic drive 600 drives the second clamp 300 to move, so that the second clamp 300 can move closer to or farther from the first clamp 200 along the first axis.

[0046] In a further embodiment, a stress sensor is provided at the connection position between the second clamp 300 and the hydraulic drive component 600. The stress sensor is used to detect the tensile stress value applied by the hydraulic drive component 600. An alarm is provided on the frame 100. The alarm is electrically connected to the stress sensor. When the tensile stress value detected by the stress sensor is greater than a first preset value, the alarm sounds and the hydraulic drive component 600 stops moving. At this time, the staff knows through the alarm that the test of the workpiece 700 is completed and can remove the workpiece 700.

[0047] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0048] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A tensile testing device for mechanical parts, characterized in that: include: frame; A first clamp, the first clamp is arranged at the lower part of the frame; A second clamp is disposed on the upper part of the frame and above the first clamp, and the second clamp can be close to or away from the first clamp along the first axis; The interpenetration mechanism includes a support, a support sleeve and a control component. There are two supports, which are arranged on the first fixture along the second axis at intervals. The second axis is perpendicular to the second axis. The axis of the support sleeve coincides with the second axis. There are two groups of support sleeves, each group has a plurality of support sleeves with different diameters, and the plurality of support sleeves with different diameters in each group are coaxially sleeved in sequence and elastically connected to the corresponding supports. There are two control components which are arranged in corresponding supports and connected to a corresponding group of support sleeves. The control components are used to drive the corresponding group of support sleeves to move along the second axis so that the two groups of support sleeves can approach or move away from each other along the second axis.

2. A mechanical parts tensile testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control assembly includes a screw, a first stop ring, a second stop ring, a center ring and a nut, the nut is arranged on the outside of the support, the screw is threadedly connected with the nut and the screw penetrates into the support, the first stop ring is arranged at one end of the screw away from the nut, the second stop ring is coaxial with the first stop ring and is arranged on the screw at intervals, the center ring is sleeved on the outside of the screw, and the two ends of the center ring are respectively abutted against the first stop ring and the second stop ring; A stop convex ring is provided at one end of the support sleeve away from the first stop ring; When the two groups of supporting sleeves move away from each other along the second axis, the stop convex rings corresponding to two adjacent supporting sleeves can abut against each other.

3. A mechanical parts tensile testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Among the two end faces facing each other in two supporting sleeves with the same diameter in the two groups of supporting sleeves, one end face is provided with an annular concave platform, and the other end face is provided with an annular convex platform, and the annular concave platform is matched with the annular convex platform.

4. A mechanical parts tensile testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A mounting hole is provided on the circumference of the support sleeve, and the mounting hole extends along the radial direction of the support sleeve. A damping column is slidably connected in the mounting hole, and the damping column can move along the axis of the mounting hole.

5. A mechanical parts tensile testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support sleeve is provided with a mounting groove on one end surface close to the first stop ring, the mounting groove extends along the axis of the support sleeve and is connected to the mounting hole, a sliding column is elastically connected in the mounting groove, a first inclined surface is provided on the side of the sliding column facing the mounting hole, and the damping column is slidably matched with the first inclined surface; The first inclined surface is configured such that when one end of the sliding column extends to a preset length outside the mounting groove, the first inclined surface slides and abuts against the damping column so that the damping column is located in the mounting hole; The first inclined surface is also configured such that when the sliding column is completely moved into the installation groove, the first inclined surface slides and abuts against the damping column so that one end of the damping column extends out of the installation hole.

6. A mechanical parts tensile testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A centering component is also provided in the first fixture, and the centering component is connected to the support, and is used to drive the two supports to move closer to each other or away from each other.

7. A mechanical parts tensile testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The centering assembly includes a center rod, a linear drive unit, a push plate and a damping frame. The center rod is slidably arranged in the first fixture. The axis of the center rod coincides with the first axis. The linear drive unit is arranged in the first fixture. The linear drive unit is connected to the lower end of the center rod and is used to drive the center rod to move along the first axis. The push plate is arranged at the upper end of the center rod. The upper part of the push plate is symmetrically provided with a second inclined surface with the first axis as the symmetry axis. There are two damping frames. The two damping frames are slidably arranged in the first fixture along the second axis. The damping frame and the support are in frictional contact along the second axis. The lower part of the damping frame is provided with a third inclined surface, and the second inclined surface is in sliding contact with the third inclined surface. The second inclined surface and the third inclined surface are configured so that when the central rod moves downward, the second inclined surface and the third inclined surface slide and stagger, so that the two damping frames move away from each other synchronously; The second inclined surface and the third inclined surface are also configured so that when the central rod moves upward, the second inclined surface and the third inclined surface slide and overlap, so that the two damping frames are synchronously close to each other.

8. A mechanical parts tensile testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The linear drive unit is any one of a linear feed mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

9. The tensile testing device for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic drive component is disposed on the upper portion of the frame, and a power end of the hydraulic drive component is connected to the second clamp so that the second clamp can approach or move away from the first clamp along the first axis.

10. A mechanical parts tensile testing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A stress sensor is provided at the connection position between the second clamp and the hydraulic drive member, and the stress sensor is used to detect the tensile stress value applied by the hydraulic drive member; An alarm is arranged on the frame, and the alarm is electrically connected to the stress sensor. When the tensile stress value detected by the stress sensor is greater than a first preset value, the alarm sounds an alarm.

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