Disconnector switch monitoring method and network monitoring system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of power equipment technology and discloses a method and network monitoring system for monitoring disconnect switches, used to achieve effective monitoring of disconnect switches. The method for monitoring disconnect switches includes: collecting multi-dimensional information about the disconnect switch and its associated equipment, including motor circuit voltage, current, opening and closing angles, number of operations, video monitoring, and temperature and humidity; combining real-time external interlocking node status with an analogy model of motor current versus opening and closing angles; comprehensively evaluating the working status of the disconnect switch; and determining whether the disconnect switch needs maintenance based on this evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power equipment technology, and in particular to a method for monitoring disconnect switches and a network monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] The contact wire disconnector in the rail transit power supply system plays a crucial role; however, its electric operation function often faces challenges such as motor failure, voltage anomalies, humidity sensitivity, interlocking failures, and incomplete operation. To ensure the stable operation of the system, it is imperative to implement intelligent monitoring of this equipment to provide early warnings of potential problems, timely risk avoidance, and rapid fault location when a fault occurs. Therefore, promoting intelligent operation and maintenance of the disconnector is particularly critical. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a method for monitoring disconnect switches and a network monitoring system to address the lack of effective intelligent monitoring methods for disconnect switches in the prior art.

[0004] The first aspect of this invention provides a method for monitoring disconnecting switches, comprising: acquiring motor circuit voltage information, motor circuit current information, opening and closing angle information, number of operations information, video information at the disconnector, and temperature and humidity information of the disconnector control mechanism box of the disconnecting switch; determining associated switches related to the disconnecting switch, wherein the associated switches are switching devices that have a direct electrical connection or logical association with the disconnecting switch in the power grid and jointly realize circuit isolation, protection, or control functions; identifying the real-time status of the disconnector interlocking node corresponding to the associated switch to obtain external interlocking node information; and pre-establishing an analogy model between motor current and opening and closing angle and predicting the theoretical current value range of the disconnector opening and closing process. Within each monitoring cycle, based on the motor circuit current information and the opening / closing angle information, the measured motor current value is compared with the theoretical current value range corresponding to the real-time collected opening / closing angle information. If the measured motor current value deviates from the theoretical current value range, the motor current is determined to be abnormal. Based on the motor circuit voltage information, motor circuit current information, opening / closing angle information, number of actions information, video information, temperature and humidity information, external interlocking node information, and the comparison result of motor current and opening / closing angle, the working status of the disconnecting switch is determined. Based on the working status, it is determined whether the disconnecting switch needs maintenance.

[0005] In one feasible implementation, determining the operating status of the disconnector based on the motor circuit voltage information, the motor circuit current information, the opening and closing angle information, the number of operations information, the video information, the temperature and humidity information, the external interlocking node information, and the comparison result of the motor current and the opening and closing angle includes: analyzing the motor circuit voltage and current information to determine whether the motor is operating normally; analyzing the opening and closing angle information to determine whether the opening and closing position of the disconnector is accurate; analyzing the number of operations information to assess the service life of the disconnector; analyzing the video information to identify whether there are any abnormal phenomena at the disconnector; analyzing the temperature and humidity information to determine whether the environmental conditions of the disconnector are suitable; analyzing the external interlocking node information to determine whether all disconnector interlocking nodes are in a normal state; and determining the operating status of the disconnector based on the analysis results and the comparison result of the motor current and the opening and closing angle.

[0006] In one feasible implementation, analyzing the video information to identify whether there are any abnormal phenomena at the switch includes: using image processing technology to extract key features corresponding to the image from the video information; comparing the key features with normal state data in a historical database to identify any abnormal phenomena that deviate from the normal range.

[0007] In one feasible implementation, analyzing the number of actions information and evaluating the service life of the disconnecting switch includes: comparing the number of actions information with a preset number of actions threshold; if the number of actions is close to or reaches the preset threshold, then evaluating that the service life of the disconnecting switch is close to or has reached its end.

[0008] In one feasible implementation, determining the operating state of the disconnector based on the analysis results and the comparison results of the motor current and the opening and closing angles includes: if the analysis results show any one or more of the following: abnormal motor circuit voltage or current, inaccurate opening and closing angles, abnormal analogy between motor current and opening and closing angles, the service life of the disconnector is nearing or has reached its end, abnormal phenomena exist at the disconnector, temperature and humidity conditions exceed the safe range, or the disconnector interlocking node is in an abnormal state, then the operating state of the disconnector is determined to be abnormal; otherwise, the operating state of the disconnector is determined to be normal.

[0009] In one feasible implementation, determining the associated switches related to the disconnecting switch includes: analyzing the topology of the power grid to identify switching devices that are directly electrically connected to the disconnecting switch; determining switching devices that are logically associated with the disconnecting switch based on the operating logic and control strategy of the power grid; and designating the identified directly connected and logically associated switching devices as associated switches related to the disconnecting switch.

[0010] In one feasible implementation, identifying the opening and closing state of the disconnector interlocking node corresponding to the associated switch to obtain external interlocking node information includes: monitoring the real-time state of the disconnector interlocking node corresponding to the associated switch; when any disconnector interlocking node is detected to be in an abnormal state, recording the state information of the disconnector interlocking node in the abnormal state; and integrating the state information of the disconnector interlocking nodes of all the associated switches to obtain external interlocking node information.

[0011] A second aspect of the present invention provides a network monitoring system, comprising a switch monitoring subsystem and a disconnector switch control subsystem connected by communication. The disconnector switch control system includes a disconnector switch and a disconnector control mechanism box. The network monitoring system further includes an associated switch directly connected or logically associated with the disconnector switch. The switch monitoring subsystem is used to collect motor circuit voltage information, motor circuit current information, opening and closing angle information, number of operations information, video information at the disconnector switch, temperature and humidity information of the disconnector control mechanism box, and external interlocking node information of the associated switch. The external interlocking node information includes the associated switch's... The system monitors the real-time status of the corresponding disconnector interlocking node, and pre-establishes an analogy model between motor current and opening / closing angle to predict the theoretical current range for the disconnector's opening and closing process. Within each monitoring cycle, based on the motor circuit current information and the opening / closing angle information, the measured motor current value is compared with the theoretical current range corresponding to the real-time collected opening / closing angle information. If the measured motor current value deviates from the theoretical current range, the motor current is determined to be abnormal. Based on the collected information and the comparison result between the motor current and the opening / closing angle, the operating status of the disconnector is determined, and based on the operating status, it is determined whether the disconnector needs to be inspected.

[0012] The technical solution provided by this invention acquires the motor circuit voltage information, motor circuit current information, opening and closing angle information, number of operations information, video information at the disconnector, and temperature and humidity information of the disconnector control mechanism box of the disconnector switch; determines the associated switches related to the disconnector switch, wherein the associated switches are switching devices that have a direct electrical connection or logical association with the disconnector switch in the power grid and jointly realize circuit isolation, protection, or control functions; identifies the real-time status of the disconnector lockout node corresponding to the associated switch to obtain external lockout node information; and pre-establishes an analogy model between motor current and opening and closing angle and predicts the theoretical current value range of the disconnector opening and closing process. In each monitoring cycle, based on the motor circuit current information and the opening / closing angle information, the measured motor current value is compared with the theoretical current value range corresponding to the real-time collected opening / closing angle information. If the measured motor current value deviates from the theoretical current value range, the motor current is determined to be abnormal. Based on the motor circuit voltage information, the opening / closing angle information, the number of actions information, the video information, the temperature and humidity information, the external interlocking node information, and the comparison result of the motor current and the opening / closing angle, the working status of the disconnecting switch is determined. Based on the working status, it is determined whether the disconnecting switch needs maintenance. In this embodiment of the invention, by comprehensively monitoring the key parameters of the disconnecting switch, such as motor circuit voltage, current, opening / closing angle, number of actions, video information, and temperature and humidity, and by correlating and analyzing the interlocking status of related switchgear, intelligent judgment and maintenance early warning of the disconnecting switch's working status are realized, significantly improving the efficiency and safety of power grid operation and maintenance, and reducing fault risks and operation and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the disconnector switch monitoring method in this invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the relationship between current and closing angle during the closing process of the disconnecting switch in this invention.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the disconnector switch monitoring method in this invention;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the network monitoring system in this invention;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the network monitoring system in this invention;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the integrated monitoring circuit diagram in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] This invention provides a method for monitoring disconnect switches and a network monitoring system. By comprehensively collecting and analyzing relevant parameters of the disconnect switches, the operating status of the disconnect switches can be accurately assessed, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0020] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” or “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0021] It is understood that the executing entity of this invention can be a terminal or a server, and no specific limitation is made here. This embodiment of the invention will be described using a server as an example.

[0022] For ease of understanding, the specific process of the embodiments of the present invention is described below. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 One embodiment of the disconnector monitoring method of the present invention includes:

[0023] 101. Obtain the motor circuit voltage information, motor circuit current information, opening and closing angle information, number of actions information, video information at the disconnect switch, and temperature and humidity information of the disconnect switch control mechanism box;

[0024] Voltage information in the motor circuit can be detected using a voltage transformer. The voltage transformer can measure and convert the voltage signal in the motor circuit in real time, transforming it into an electrical signal that can be processed by a digital system. Simultaneously, a current transformer can be used to obtain motor circuit current information, accurately measuring the magnitude and direction of the current in the circuit. An angle sensor can be used to obtain the opening and closing angle information, monitoring the angle change of the disconnector during the opening and closing process in real time to provide opening and closing angle data. A counter can be used to collect the number of opening and closing operations of the disconnector switch, recording each operation to obtain the cumulative number of operations. Furthermore, the auxiliary contacts of the disconnector switch can be detected, and the number of opening and closing operations of these contacts can be used to calculate the total number of disconnector switch operations. A camera can capture video information from the disconnector switch, recording the operation process in real time. A temperature and humidity sensor installed inside the disconnector control mechanism box can be used to detect the temperature and humidity changes within the box in real time.

[0025] 102. Identify the associated switches related to the disconnecting switch. The associated switches are switching devices in the power grid that have a direct electrical connection or logical association with the disconnecting switch and jointly realize the functions of circuit isolation, protection or control.

[0026] In a power grid, disconnect switches do not exist in isolation. They have direct or indirect electrical connections and logical relationships with other switching equipment. To more accurately determine the operating status of a disconnect switch, it is necessary to identify the switching equipment with which it has a direct electrical connection or logical relationship, i.e., associated switches. This can be achieved through comprehensive analysis based on the power grid topology diagram and the electrical connections between switching equipment, combined with logical relationship information, and automatically determined using algorithms.

[0027] 103. Identify the real-time status of the disconnector interlocking node corresponding to the associated switch to obtain external interlocking node information;

[0028] By identifying the control circuit where the corresponding disconnector interlocking node is located, the opening and closing status of each disconnector interlocking node on these control circuits can be obtained, thus obtaining external interlocking node information. When external conditions cause any disconnector interlocking node to open, this change can be captured immediately and a corresponding electrical signal can be generated.

[0029] The associated switches can be grounding switches, circuit breaker switches, etc. For example, the real-time status of the disconnector lockout nodes of the grounding switches and the circuit breaker lockout nodes at both ends of the contact network can be collected. The status of these nodes directly reflects the current operating status of the associated switches.

[0030] Furthermore, during the collection and processing of node status information, multiple verifications and comparisons can be performed to eliminate possible false alarms or interference. At the same time, once any abnormality or fault is detected, an alarm mechanism can be triggered immediately to notify maintenance personnel for handling.

[0031] 104. Establish an analogy model between motor current and opening / closing angle in advance and predict the theoretical current value range of the disconnector opening / closing process. In each monitoring cycle, based on the motor circuit current information and opening / closing angle information, compare the measured motor current value with the theoretical current value range corresponding to the real-time collected opening / closing angle information. If the measured motor current value deviates from the theoretical current value range, the motor current is determined to be abnormal.

[0032] A large amount of historical data on the opening and closing operations of disconnectors is collected in advance, including motor current values, operating times, and environmental conditions at different opening and closing angles. This data is used to train and optimize an analogy model of the relationship between motor current and opening / closing angle. Machine learning algorithms are employed to establish the mathematical relationship between motor current and opening / closing angle. These algorithms include, but are not limited to, support vector machines, neural networks, or random forests. These algorithms can handle nonlinear relationships and extract corresponding features from large amounts of data. During model training, techniques such as cross-validation are used to ensure the model's generalization ability and avoid overfitting.

[0033] After model training is complete, the model is used to predict the theoretical current range during the opening and closing of the disconnector at different opening and closing angles. The opening and closing angles are used as input, and the corresponding current values ​​are calculated by the model, taking into account a certain error range to obtain the theoretical current range. To ensure the accuracy and reliability of the model, it can be validated and updated periodically, for example, by using new data to test the model's performance and adjusting the model's parameters and structure as needed.

[0034] During each monitoring cycle, the actual motor current value is compared with the theoretical current value range predicted in advance through an analogy model, based on the real-time opening and closing angle information collected by the sensor and the real-time measured motor current value. When the actual motor current value is found to deviate from the theoretical current value range, it is determined that the motor current is abnormal, indicating that the disconnector mechanism is malfunctioning during the opening and closing process, and staff need to intervene for inspection and maintenance to prevent accidents from occurring.

[0035] For example, such as Figure 2As shown, during the closing process, the motor current can be divided into three stages. The first stage is the motor starting stage. During the starting process, the motor acts as a resistor, and the current rises rapidly from zero. Under the action of Ampere's force, the motor begins to rotate. During the rotation of the motor, a back-induced electromotive force is generated to offset the voltage across the motor, and the motor current decreases. Soon, the motor rotates smoothly, and the current also tends to stabilize. The second stage is the disconnector closing stage. During the disconnector closing process, the first part of the contacts is unloaded, and the motor current is relatively stable. When the moving contact and the stationary contact come into contact, the moving contact experiences a large resistance momentarily, and the motor speed decreases rapidly. The back-induced electromotive force generated by the motor also decreases rapidly, causing the current to increase rapidly. As the contact area between the moving and stationary contacts increases during the closing process, the resistance to the rotation of the moving contact also gradually increases, and the current gradually increases. The third stage is the disconnector closing stage. When the closing is completed, the motor is de-energized and begins to decelerate rapidly. During the deceleration process, an induced electromotive force also exists, thereby generating a directional current.

[0036] 105. Based on the motor circuit voltage information, motor circuit current information, opening and closing angle information, number of actions information, video information, temperature and humidity information, external interlocking node information, and the comparison results of motor current and opening and closing angle, determine the working status of the disconnecting switch.

[0037] Based on the collected motor circuit voltage, current, opening and closing angles, number of operations, video data, temperature and humidity information, and external interlocking node information, a comprehensive evaluation of the disconnector's operating status is required using data analysis algorithms and machine learning models. Data analysis algorithms process and analyze the motor circuit voltage and current information, such as calculating average, standard deviation, maximum, and minimum values ​​to determine if the motor is operating normally. By comparing current data with historical data or standard values, abnormal data can be identified. For example, a sudden increase in current or voltage fluctuations exceeding the normal range can indicate motor overload or short circuit. Based on the opening and closing angle information, it can be determined whether the disconnector is in the correct position. The opening and closing angle values ​​during operation are determined using this information, and the monitored endpoint angle value is used to feedback whether the disconnector is fully open or closed, thus determining if a fault exists. The disconnector... The number of actions can be used to assess the service life of the disconnector switch. Simultaneously, machine learning models, trained using historical data and fault cases, can predict potential faults and remaining service life of the disconnector switch. Video information visually displays the position and status of the disconnector switch, allowing for quick identification of any abnormalities. Temperature and humidity information can be used to assess the suitability of the disconnector switch's operating environment; excessively high or low temperatures and humidity may lead to performance degradation or accelerated aging. External interlocking node information ensures that the disconnector switch cannot be misoperated under specific conditions (such as during maintenance), and its status monitoring helps detect unauthorized operation attempts or interlocking mechanism malfunctions, thereby comprehensively improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the disconnector switch's operational status assessment.

[0038] In addition, historical data and fault cases can be used to train machine learning models. This data includes, but is not limited to, motor circuit voltage and current data, opening and closing angle data, number of actions data, video data, temperature and humidity data, and external interlocking node data. Through feature extraction and feature selection, useful feature information for evaluating the working status of disconnecting switches can be extracted from the raw data. Supervised learning algorithms or deep learning algorithms can be used to model and classify the feature information, thereby completing the training of the machine learning model.

[0039] The collected motor circuit voltage information, motor circuit current information, opening and closing angle information, number of actions information, video information, temperature and humidity information, external interlocking node information, and the comparison results of motor current and opening and closing angle are input into the trained machine learning model to obtain the working status evaluation results of the disconnecting switch.

[0040] Through comprehensive evaluation, the working status of disconnect switches can be classified into normal, abnormal, or fault levels.

[0041] 106. Determine whether the disconnecting switch needs maintenance based on its working status.

[0042] If the operating status is determined to be abnormal, such as abnormal voltage fluctuations or current overload in the motor circuit, deviation of the opening and closing angle from the preset range, number of operations exceeding the preset threshold, video showing abnormal operation or damage to the disconnecting switch, temperature and humidity exceeding the safe range, or abnormal status of external interlocking nodes, these will all become warning signals to trigger maintenance. Based on the severity and duration of these abnormal states, it can be further determined whether the disconnecting switch needs immediate maintenance or whether preventive maintenance is planned at a future time to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0043] In this embodiment of the invention, by acquiring the motor circuit voltage information, motor circuit current information, opening and closing angle information, number of operations information, video information at the disconnector, and temperature and humidity information of the disconnector control mechanism box, the associated switches related to the disconnector are determined. The associated switches are switching devices in the power grid that have a direct electrical connection or logical association with the disconnector, jointly realizing circuit isolation, protection, or control functions. The real-time status of the disconnector's corresponding interlocking node is identified to obtain external interlocking node information. An analogy model between motor current and opening / closing angle is pre-established, and the theoretical current value range of the disconnector's opening and closing process is predicted. Within each monitoring cycle, based on the motor circuit voltage, motor circuit current, opening and closing angle, and temperature and humidity information of the disconnector control mechanism box, the associated switches are determined. The system compares the measured motor current value with the theoretical current value range corresponding to the real-time collected opening and closing angle information. If the measured motor current value deviates from the theoretical current value range, the motor current is determined to be abnormal. Based on the motor circuit voltage information, opening and closing angle information, number of actions information, video information, temperature and humidity information, external interlocking node information, and the comparison results of motor current and opening and closing angle, the working status of the disconnecting switch is determined. Based on the working status, it is determined whether the disconnecting switch needs to be inspected. This realizes intelligent judgment and maintenance early warning of the disconnecting switch working status, which significantly improves the efficiency and safety of power grid operation and maintenance, and reduces fault risk and operation and maintenance costs.

[0044] Please see Figure 3 Another embodiment of the isolating switch method in this invention includes:

[0045] 301. Obtain the motor circuit voltage information, motor circuit current information, opening and closing angle information, number of operations information, video information at the disconnect switch, and temperature and humidity information of the disconnect switch control mechanism box;

[0046] The execution process of step 301 is similar to that of step 101 above, and will not be described again here.

[0047] 302. Identify the associated switches related to the disconnecting switch. The associated switches are switching devices in the power grid that have a direct electrical connection or logical association with the disconnecting switch and jointly realize the functions of circuit isolation, protection or control.

[0048] Analyze the topology of the power grid to identify switching equipment that has a direct electrical connection with the disconnecting switch; determine the switching equipment that has a logical association with the disconnecting switch based on the power grid's operating logic and control strategy; and identify the directly connected and logically associated switching equipment as associated switches related to the disconnecting switch.

[0049] A power grid topology diagram is a graphical representation that shows the connections between various devices in the power grid. By viewing the topology diagram, one can intuitively identify switchgear directly electrically connected to disconnectors. These connections are usually represented by lines, with each end of the line connected to different switchgear. In addition to the graphical topology diagram, the power grid typically maintains a database containing device information and connection relationships. By querying this database, detailed information about switchgear directly connected to disconnectors can be obtained, including device name, model, and location. The power grid's operational logic is usually reflected in dispatch automation systems or protection control systems. These systems define the operating sequence and conditions of various switchgear based on the power grid's operating status and required functions. By analyzing this logic, switchgear logically associated with disconnectors can be identified. These associations may include interlocking, mutual interlocking, or backup relationships. For example, an interlocking relationship means that one switch can only be operated after another switch is opened; a mutual interlocking relationship means that two switches cannot be opened simultaneously; and a backup relationship means that when one switch fails, the other switch acts as a backup. In addition to the operating logic, the power grid's control strategy may also affect the correlation between switching devices. For example, in certain situations, in order to protect the stability and security of the power grid, it may be necessary to set certain switching devices to specific states or operating sequences. These control strategies are usually reflected in the power grid's dispatch instructions or protection settings.

[0050] 303. Identify the real-time status of the disconnector interlocking node corresponding to the associated switch to obtain external interlocking node information;

[0051] Monitor the real-time status of the disconnector interlocking nodes corresponding to the associated switches; when any disconnector interlocking node is detected to be in an abnormal state, record the status information of the disconnector interlocking node with the abnormal state; integrate the status information of the disconnector interlocking nodes of all the associated switches to obtain the external interlocking node information.

[0052] External interlocking node information can be obtained by installing status monitoring sensors on the interlocking nodes of each associated switch. These sensors can sense the opening and closing status of the interlocking nodes in real time, thereby achieving accurate monitoring of the node status. After obtaining the status information of the interlocking nodes of each associated switch, this information is further integrated and processed to obtain comprehensive external interlocking node information.

[0053] 304. Establish an analogy model between motor current and opening / closing angle in advance and predict the theoretical current range of the disconnector opening / closing process. In each monitoring cycle, based on the motor circuit current information and the opening / closing angle information, compare the measured motor current value with the theoretical current range corresponding to the real-time collected opening / closing angle information. If the measured motor current value deviates from the theoretical current range, the motor current is determined to be abnormal.

[0054] The execution process of step 304 is similar to that of step 104 above, and will not be described again here.

[0055] 305. Analyze the motor circuit voltage information, motor circuit current information, opening and closing angle information, temperature and humidity information, and external interlocking node information;

[0056] Analyze the motor circuit voltage and current information to determine if the motor is operating normally; analyze the opening and closing angle information to determine if the opening and closing position of the disconnector is accurate; analyze the video information to identify any abnormal phenomena at the disconnector; analyze the temperature and humidity information to determine if the environmental conditions of the disconnector are suitable; analyze the external interlocking node information to determine if all disconnector interlocking nodes are in normal condition.

[0057] Voltage data is primarily used to reflect whether there are abnormal voltage fluctuations or potential over / under voltage hazards during the operation of disconnecting switchgear, ensuring the normal power supply status of the circuit. Therefore, it is necessary to determine whether the voltage data is stable and within the normal range based on the motor circuit voltage information. In addition, under normal circumstances, the standard current of the disconnecting switch during opening and closing is approximately 0.6A. If the current surge is detected based on the motor circuit current information, exceeding the standard value plus the allowable error value, it may indicate potential faults such as mechanical jamming, contact jamming, or lack of conductive lubricant at the contact points of the disconnecting switchgear. Through comprehensive analysis of voltage and current information, it is possible to accurately determine whether the motor is in normal operating condition.

[0058] If the voltage is stable and within the normal range, and the current data also meets the standard value and the allowable error range, the motor can be considered to be in normal operating condition; conversely, if the voltage or current data is abnormal, such as excessive voltage fluctuations or abnormally high current, the motor can be determined to be in abnormal operating condition.

[0059] During the process of a disconnecting switch moving from closing to opening, its angle value should show an increasing trend, while from opening to closing, it should decrease. Under normal operating conditions, the final angle value of the disconnecting switch should be controlled within a preset allowable range. If the final angle value is determined to be lower than the preset allowable range based on the opening and closing angle information, it indicates that the disconnecting switch may not have fully opened or closed due to mechanical jamming or other reasons. Conversely, if the final angle value exceeds the allowable range, it may mean that the disconnecting switch has over-opened or over-closed due to problems such as mechanical limit return. Therefore, by accurately analyzing the opening and closing angle information and comparing it with the preset allowable range, it is possible to accurately determine whether the opening and closing position of the disconnecting switch is accurate.

[0060] Analyze the temperature and humidity information. Compare the temperature and humidity data in the cooling and humidity information with the corresponding ideal temperature and humidity ranges, respectively. If the temperature data exceeds the ideal temperature range or the humidity data exceeds the ideal humidity range, it is determined that the environmental conditions of the disconnecting switch are unsuitable.

[0061] If, based on the external interlocking node information, it is determined that at least one disconnector interlocking node is in an abnormal state, then it is determined that not all disconnector interlocking nodes are in a normal state; otherwise, it is determined that all disconnector interlocking nodes are in a normal state.

[0062] 306. Analyze the video information to identify any abnormalities at the disconnect switch;

[0063] Image processing techniques are used to extract key features from video information; these key features are then compared with normal state data in a historical database to identify any abnormal phenomena that deviate from the normal range.

[0064] Analyzing video information allows for the extraction of key features from the images using image processing techniques. These key features include, but are not limited to, the position and shape of the disconnector and the state of the contacts. Machine learning algorithms are then used to analyze the extracted key features, comparing them with normal state data in a historical database to identify any abnormal phenomena that deviate from the normal range. These abnormal phenomena include, but are not limited to, inaccurate disconnector position, overheating of contacts, or mechanical jamming.

[0065] The motion region can be separated from the video stream using background subtraction or inter-frame subtraction methods. Then, edge detection algorithms are applied to depict the outline of the disconnector, and contour matching technology is used to determine its position and shape. Simultaneously, infrared imaging technology combined with threshold segmentation algorithms is used to identify temperature anomalies in the contact area. The contact state is assessed by calculating a temperature distribution histogram, thus comprehensively extracting key features of the disconnector and its contacts. Furthermore, a deep learning model can be used to learn feature representations of the extracted key features such as the disconnector's position, shape, and contact state. The learned feature vectors are then compared with normal state feature vectors in a historical database using cosine similarity or Euclidean distance calculations. A threshold is set to determine whether the similarity or distance between the current feature vector and the normal state feature vector exceeds the normal range, thereby identifying abnormal phenomena such as inaccurate disconnector position, contact overheating, or mechanical jamming.

[0066] 307. Analyze the number of actuations to assess the service life of the disconnecting switch;

[0067] The number of actions is compared with a preset action threshold; if the number of actions is close to or reaches the preset threshold, the service life of the disconnecting switch is assessed to be close to or has reached its end.

[0068] For example, assuming the design life of a disconnecting switch is 10,000 opening and closing operations, when the number of operations reaches or approaches 10,000, the service life of the disconnecting switch is assessed to be close to or has reached its end.

[0069] When the service life of the disconnecting switch is nearing or has reached its end, an alarm message is sent to the operation and maintenance terminal. After receiving the alarm, the operation and maintenance personnel will immediately inspect and evaluate the equipment. If it is found that the performance of the equipment has begun to decline or there are obvious signs of failure, the disconnecting switch needs to be replaced in time to avoid safety accidents or power outages caused by equipment failure.

[0070] 308. Determine the working status of the disconnecting switch based on the analysis results and the comparison between the motor current and the opening and closing angles;

[0071] If the analysis results show any one or more of the following: abnormal motor circuit voltage or current, inaccurate opening and closing angle, abnormal analogy between motor current and opening and closing angle, nearing or reaching the end of the service life of the disconnector, abnormal phenomena at the disconnector, temperature and humidity conditions exceeding the safe range, or disconnector interlocking nodes in an abnormal state, then the disconnector is determined to be in an abnormal working state. Otherwise, the disconnector is determined to be in a normal working state.

[0072] 309. Determine whether the disconnecting switch needs maintenance based on its working status.

[0073] When the operating status manifests as abnormal voltage or current in the motor circuit, the motor circuit should be checked immediately, including the power input, terminals, fuses, and the motor itself, to confirm whether there is a short circuit, open circuit, or overload. If necessary, damaged parts should be repaired or replaced to ensure stable motor operation. When the operating status manifests as inaccurate opening and closing angles, the operating mechanism of the disconnector switch needs to be thoroughly inspected, including transmission components, limit devices, and opening / closing indicators. Adjustments should be made to the design-required opening and closing angles, and the operational flexibility and accuracy should be tested and confirmed. When the analogy between motor current and opening / closing angles shows an abnormality, the operation of the disconnector switch should be suspended to ensure the equipment is in a safe state, preventing further escalation of the abnormality or damage to the equipment. A detailed analysis and investigation should be conducted to identify the cause of the abnormality and take necessary corrective measures to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the disconnector switch. When the operating status manifests as the disconnector switch approaching or reaching the end of its service life, a comprehensive inspection and evaluation of the disconnector switch should be carried out, including the wear and aging of its mechanical and electrical components and the overall structure. If the inspection reveals severe wear or aging of components, further investigation should be conducted. If the performance deteriorates significantly, necessary repairs or replacements should be planned. When the working condition specifically manifests as an abnormal phenomenon at the disconnect switch, the disconnect switch should be stopped immediately, and the relevant power supply should be disconnected to ensure safety. The disconnect switch should be thoroughly inspected to determine the specific cause of the abnormal phenomenon, such as whether it is caused by overload, short circuit, or improper operation. Based on the inspection results, corresponding repair measures should be taken, such as replacing burned parts, adjusting the disconnect switch gap, or lubricating mechanical parts. When the working condition specifically manifests as temperature and humidity conditions exceeding the safe range, the temperature and humidity sensors should be checked. If the temperature and humidity sensors are faulty or the disconnect switch control mechanism box is abnormal, they should be repaired or replaced in a timely manner. At the same time, necessary measures should be taken to adjust the ambient temperature and humidity, such as using dehumidifiers, heaters, etc., to ensure that the disconnect switch is in a suitable working environment. If the working condition specifically manifests as the disconnect switch interlocking node being in a normal state, but the disconnect switch fails to operate when operated electrically by personnel, it can be determined that the disconnect switch itself is faulty. If the working condition specifically manifests as the disconnect switch interlocking node being in an abnormal state, but the disconnect switch fails to operate when operated electrically by personnel, it can be determined that the fault is an external interlocking fault.

[0074] In this embodiment of the invention, the following information is obtained: motor circuit voltage information, motor circuit current information, opening and closing angle information, number of operations information, video information at the disconnector, and temperature and humidity information of the disconnector control mechanism box. Associated switches related to the disconnector are identified. Associated switches are switching devices in the power grid that have a direct electrical connection or logical association with the disconnector, jointly achieving circuit isolation, protection, or control functions. The real-time status of the disconnector's corresponding disconnector interlocking node is identified to obtain external interlocking node information. An analogy model between motor current and opening / closing angle is pre-established, and the theoretical current value range of the disconnector's opening and closing process is predicted. Within each monitoring cycle, based on the motor circuit current information and the opening / closing angle, the following information is obtained: The closing angle information compares the measured motor current value with the theoretical current value range corresponding to the real-time collected closing and opening angle information. If the measured motor current value deviates from the theoretical current value range, the motor current is determined to be abnormal. Based on the motor circuit voltage information, motor circuit current information, closing and opening angle information, number of actions information, video information, temperature and humidity information, external interlocking node information, and the comparison results of motor current and closing and opening angle, the working status of the disconnecting switch is determined. Based on the working status, it is determined whether the disconnecting switch needs to be inspected. This realizes intelligent judgment and maintenance early warning of the disconnecting switch working status, which significantly improves the efficiency and safety of power grid operation and maintenance, and reduces fault risk and operation and maintenance costs.

[0075] The disconnector switch monitoring method in the embodiments of the present invention has been described above. The network monitoring system in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 One embodiment of the network monitoring system in this invention includes:

[0076] The network monitoring system 40 includes a switch monitoring subsystem 401 and a disconnect switch control subsystem 402 connected by communication. The disconnect switch control system 402 includes a disconnect switch 4021 and a knife control mechanism box 4022. The network monitoring system 40 also includes an associated switch 403 that is directly connected to or logically associated with the disconnect switch 4021.

[0077] The switch monitoring subsystem 401 is used to collect information on the motor circuit voltage, motor circuit current, opening and closing angles, and number of actions of the disconnector switch 4021, video information at the disconnector switch, temperature and humidity information of the disconnector control mechanism box 4022, and external interlocking node information of the associated switch 403. The external interlocking node information includes the real-time status of the disconnector switch interlocking node corresponding to the associated switch 403. An analogy model between motor current and opening and closing angle is pre-established, and the theoretical current value range of the disconnector opening and closing process is predicted. In each monitoring cycle, based on the motor circuit current information and the opening and closing angle information, the measured motor current value is compared with the theoretical current value range corresponding to the real-time collected opening and closing angle information. If the measured motor current value deviates from the theoretical current value range, the motor current is determined to be abnormal. Based on the collected information and the comparison results between the motor current and the opening and closing angle, the working status of the disconnector switch is determined, and based on the working status, it is determined whether the disconnector switch needs to be repaired.

[0078] In this embodiment of the invention, the network monitoring system comprehensively collects real-time operating information of disconnect switches and their related components, including motor circuit parameters, opening and closing status, video monitoring, temperature and humidity environment, and external interlocking status of associated switches. It can analyze and accurately determine the working status of disconnect switches and whether they need maintenance in real time, thereby effectively preventing faults and improving the reliability and safety of power grid operation.

[0079] Please see Figure 5 Another embodiment of the network monitoring system in this invention includes:

[0080] The network monitoring system 40 includes a switch monitoring subsystem 401 and a disconnect switch control subsystem 402 connected by communication. The disconnect switch control subsystem 402 includes a disconnect switch 4021 and a knife control mechanism box 4022. The network monitoring system 40 also includes an associated switch that is directly connected to or logically associated with the disconnect switch.

[0081] The switch monitoring subsystem 401 is used to collect information on the motor circuit voltage, motor circuit current, opening and closing angles, number of actions, video information at the disconnector, temperature and humidity information of the disconnector control mechanism box, and external interlocking node information of the associated switch 403. The external interlocking node information includes the real-time status of the disconnector interlocking node corresponding to the associated switch 403. An analogy model between motor current and opening and closing angle is pre-established to predict the theoretical current value range of the disconnector opening and closing process. In each monitoring cycle, based on the motor circuit current information and opening and closing angle information, the measured motor current value is compared with the theoretical current value range corresponding to the real-time collected opening and closing angle information. If the measured motor current value deviates from the theoretical current value range, the motor current is determined to be abnormal. Based on the collected information and the comparison results between the motor current and the opening and closing angle, the working status of the disconnector is determined, and based on the working status, it is determined whether the disconnector needs to be inspected.

[0082] The disconnector monitoring subsystem 401 includes a disconnector monitoring controller 4011, which includes multiple first input units. The associated switch 403 includes multiple control circuits of the disconnector interlocking nodes connected in parallel. The multiple first input units are connected in series with the control circuits of the corresponding disconnector interlocking nodes to monitor the opening and closing status of each disconnector interlocking node, thereby obtaining external interlocking node information.

[0083] The disconnector monitoring controller 4021 also includes a second input unit. The disconnector 4021 includes a control circuit corresponding to the disconnector's opening and closing auxiliary contact. The second input unit is connected in series with the control circuit where the disconnector's opening and closing auxiliary contact is located, so as to monitor the number of times the disconnector operates.

[0084] For example, such as Figure 6As shown, the disconnector monitoring controller is designed to include four first input units, one second input unit, and one third input unit connected in parallel, as well as a first normally closed output node and a second normally closed output node connected in series with the disconnector motor circuit. The first normally closed output node and the second normally closed output node are connected in parallel. The four first input units are IX1 to IX4, the second input unit is IX5, and the third input unit is IX6. The first normally closed output node is D01, and the second normally closed output node is D02. The four switches BS1 to BS4 represent four disconnector interlocking nodes. BS1 is the disconnector interlocking node of the first grounding switch, BS2 is the disconnector interlocking node of the second grounding switch, BS3 is the disconnector interlocking node of the first circuit breaker, and BS4 is the disconnector interlocking node of the second circuit breaker. GD1 is the opening and closing auxiliary contact of the disconnector switch. The four first input units IX1 to IX4 are respectively connected in series with the control circuits containing the four disconnector interlocking nodes BS1 to BS4 to achieve... The system collects opening and closing information from four disconnector interlocking nodes. The first normally closed output node D01 and the second normally closed output node D02 are connected in parallel, providing redundancy and reliability. When the disconnector monitoring controller detects that any of the four disconnector interlocking nodes BS1 to BS4 is in an open state, it controls D01 to disconnect, thereby cutting off the disconnector motor circuit, preventing electric operation, and sending relevant information to the backend. When personnel attempt to electrically operate the disconnector and it fails to operate, the system can quickly pinpoint whether the fault is due to an external interlocking failure or a fault in the disconnector itself. The second input unit IX6 is connected in series with the control circuit containing the opening and closing auxiliary contacts of the IX5 disconnector to statistically analyze the number of disconnector actions. The third input unit IX6 serves as a backup input unit in the disconnector monitoring controller, primarily providing additional flexibility and scalability to connect new monitoring signals or respond to system upgrades when needed, thereby enhancing the functionality and adaptability of the disconnector monitoring controller.

[0085] In this embodiment of the invention, the network monitoring system integrates a switch monitoring subsystem and a disconnector switch control subsystem to achieve comprehensive real-time monitoring of the disconnector switch and its associated switches, including key information such as motor circuit parameters, opening and closing status, number of actions, video monitoring, and temperature and humidity. This effectively improves the safety and reliability of power grid operation. At the same time, maintenance judgment based on data analysis reduces maintenance costs and improves operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0086] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring disconnect switches, characterized in that, The disconnector switch monitoring method includes: Acquire information on the motor circuit voltage, motor circuit current, opening and closing angles, number of actions, video information at the disconnect switch, and temperature and humidity information of the disconnect switch control mechanism box; Identify the associated switches related to the disconnecting switch, wherein the associated switches are switching devices in the power grid that have a direct electrical connection or logical association with the disconnecting switch and jointly realize circuit isolation, protection or control functions; Identify the real-time status of the disconnector interlocking node corresponding to the associated switch to obtain external interlocking node information; An analogy model between motor current and opening / closing angle is pre-established, and the theoretical current value range of the disconnector opening / closing process is predicted. In each monitoring cycle, based on the motor circuit current information and the opening / closing angle information, the measured motor current value is compared with the theoretical current value range corresponding to the real-time collected opening / closing angle information. If the measured motor current value deviates from the theoretical current value range, the motor current is determined to be abnormal. Based on the motor circuit voltage information, the motor circuit current information, the opening and closing angle information, the number of actions information, the video information, the temperature and humidity information, the external interlocking node information, and the comparison results between the motor current and the theoretical current value range, the working status of the disconnecting switch is determined. Based on the operating status, determine whether the disconnecting switch needs maintenance.

2. The method for monitoring disconnecting switches according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the operating status of the disconnecting switch based on the motor circuit voltage information, the motor circuit current information, the opening and closing angle information, the number of actions information, the video information, the temperature and humidity information, the external interlocking node information, and the comparison result between the motor current and the theoretical current value range includes: Analyze the voltage and current information of the motor circuit to determine whether the motor is operating normally; Analyze the opening and closing angle information to determine whether the opening and closing position of the disconnecting switch is accurate; Analyze the number of actions to assess the service life of the disconnecting switch; Analyze the video information to identify any abnormalities at the switch. Analyze the temperature and humidity information to determine whether the environmental conditions for the disconnecting switch are suitable; Analyze the external interlocking node information to determine whether all disconnector interlocking nodes are in normal condition; The operating status of the disconnecting switch is determined based on the analysis results and the comparison between the motor current and the theoretical current range.

3. The method for monitoring disconnecting switches according to claim 2, characterized in that, The analysis of the video information to identify any abnormalities at the switch includes: Image processing techniques are used to extract key features corresponding to the images from the video information; The key features are compared with normal state data in the historical database to identify any abnormal phenomena that deviate from the normal range.

4. The method for monitoring disconnecting switches according to claim 2, characterized in that, The analysis of the number of actions to assess the service life of the disconnecting switch includes: The number of actions is compared with a preset threshold for the number of actions. If the number of actions approaches or reaches a preset threshold, the service life of the disconnecting switch is assessed to be close to or has reached its end.

5. The method for monitoring disconnecting switches according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of determining the operating state of the disconnecting switch based on the analysis results and the comparison between the motor current and the theoretical current range includes: If the analysis results show any one or more of the following: abnormal motor circuit voltage or current, inaccurate opening and closing angle, abnormal analogy between motor current and opening and closing angle, the service life of the disconnecting switch is nearing or has reached its end, abnormal phenomena exist at the disconnector, temperature and humidity conditions exceed the safe range, or the disconnector interlocking node is in an abnormal state, then the working state of the disconnecting switch is determined to be abnormal; otherwise, the working state of the disconnecting switch is determined to be normal.

6. The method for monitoring disconnecting switches according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the associated switch related to the disconnecting switch includes: Analyze the topology of the power grid to identify the switching equipment that has a direct electrical connection with the disconnecting switch; Based on the operation logic and control strategy of the power grid, determine the switching equipment that has a logical association with the disconnecting switch; The identified directly connected and logically associated switching devices are designated as associated switches related to the disconnecting switch.

7. The method for monitoring disconnecting switches according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of identifying the real-time status of the disconnector interlocking node corresponding to the associated switch and obtaining external interlocking node information includes: Monitor the real-time status of the disconnector interlocking node corresponding to the associated switch; When any disconnector interlocking node is detected to be in an abnormal state, the status information of the disconnector interlocking node in the abnormal state is recorded. By integrating the status information of the disconnector interlocking nodes of all identified associated switches, the external interlocking node information is obtained.

8. A network monitoring system, characterized in that, The network monitoring system includes a switch monitoring subsystem and a disconnect switch control subsystem connected by communication. The disconnect switch control subsystem includes a disconnect switch and a knife control mechanism box. The network monitoring system also includes an associated switch that is directly connected to or logically associated with the disconnect switch, which together realizes the switching equipment for circuit isolation, protection or control functions. The switch monitoring subsystem is used to collect information on the motor circuit voltage, motor circuit current, opening and closing angles, number of actions, video information at the disconnector, temperature and humidity information of the disconnector control mechanism box, and external interlocking node information of the associated switch. The external interlocking node information includes the real-time status of the disconnector interlocking node corresponding to the associated switch. An analogy model between motor current and opening and closing angles is pre-established to predict the theoretical current range of the disconnector opening and closing process. In each monitoring cycle, based on the motor circuit current information and the opening and closing angle information, the measured motor current value is compared with the theoretical current range corresponding to the real-time collected opening and closing angle information. If the measured motor current value deviates from the theoretical current range, the motor current is determined to be abnormal. Based on the collected information and the comparison result between the motor current and the theoretical current range, the working status of the disconnector is determined, and based on the working status, it is determined whether the disconnector needs to be inspected.

9. The network monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The disconnector monitoring subsystem includes a disconnector monitoring controller, which includes multiple first input units. The associated switch includes control circuits for multiple parallel-connected disconnector interlocking nodes. The multiple first input units are connected in series with the control circuits of the corresponding disconnector interlocking nodes to monitor the opening and closing status of each disconnector interlocking node, thereby obtaining external interlocking node information.

10. The network monitoring system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The disconnector monitoring controller further includes a second input unit. The disconnector includes a control circuit corresponding to the disconnector's opening and closing auxiliary contact. The second input unit is connected in series with the control circuit where the disconnector's opening and closing auxiliary contact is located, so as to monitor the number of times the disconnector operates.

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