Road slope health monitoring and risk management system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of road slope monitoring, in particular to a road slope health monitoring and risk management system which comprises a slope stress monitoring module, a settlement rate evaluation module, a stability dynamic partition evaluation module, a local deformation sudden change detection module and an early warning level dynamic adjustment module. According to the method, the stress sensing data and the soil pressure data in the slope are obtained, the stress gradient change rate in the stratum is calculated, and the stress sudden change section is screened, so that the recognition accuracy of the stress concentration point of the slope structure is improved, and the settlement rate is monitored more coherently and accurately by calculating the settlement variable quantity; through implementation of dynamic partition evaluation and in combination with data of stress gradient and settlement rate, the stability risk area of the side slope can be accurately divided, and the timeliness and accuracy of road side slope monitoring and risk management are improved through local deformation sudden change detection, monitoring and identification of a sudden change area of deformation rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of highway slope monitoring, and in particular to a highway slope health monitoring and risk management system. Background Art

[0002] The technical field of highway slope monitoring involves real-time or periodic monitoring of the status of slopes and slope structures along the highway to identify geological disasters, structural deformations and other risk factors that affect the safe operation of the highway. This technical field covers a variety of monitoring methods, including displacement monitoring, stress-strain monitoring, groundwater level monitoring, rainfall monitoring and surface crack monitoring. The technical means used include global navigation satellite system, synthetic aperture radar interferometry, fiber grating sensing, inclinometer monitoring, accelerometer, etc., and the slope stability is evaluated in combination with numerical simulation, machine learning algorithms and geological modeling analysis. The main goal of highway slope monitoring is to improve the safety of highway infrastructure, reduce the probability of disasters such as landslides and collapses, and provide a scientific basis for maintenance and reinforcement projects.

[0003] The highway slope health monitoring and risk management system is used to build a highway slope life cycle management system, integrating multi-source monitoring data, combining slope stability assessment models and risk warning mechanisms, to achieve intelligent assessment and early warning of slope health status. The system's application scenarios include mountain roads, high slopes along rivers, embankments and other environments. Through sensor networks, data fusion and decision analysis technology, it can improve the accuracy of slope monitoring and the timeliness of risk management, and provide disaster prevention and mitigation support for highway management departments.

[0004] Traditional management systems lack dynamic tracking and real-time assessment of stress gradients and settlement rates, limiting the comprehensive assessment of slope health. This results in the monitoring system's inadequate early warning capabilities for sudden geological events, and the inability to adjust the warning level in a timely manner, leading to increased losses when disasters occur. For example, when stress concentration areas or abnormal settlement rates are not identified in a timely manner, the best time for intervention will be missed, resulting in significant damage to highway infrastructure. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a highway slope health monitoring and risk management system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a highway slope health monitoring and risk management system, the system comprising: The slope stress monitoring module obtains the monitoring data of the stress sensor and earth pressure gauge inside the highway slope, calculates the stress gradient change rate inside the stratum, screens the stress mutation section, and obtains the slope stress gradient distribution data; The settlement rate assessment module calls the data of the surface settlement monitoring points of the highway slope, extracts the settlement change curve, screens the time window of the settlement rate mutation, and obtains the settlement rate change information; The stability dynamic partition assessment module calls the slope stress gradient distribution data and settlement rate change information, calculates the ratio of the stress gradient change rate to the settlement rate in each area of ​​the highway slope, determines the stability risk level of the area, adjusts the slope partition structure, and establishes slope stability dynamic partition information; The local deformation mutation detection module calls the dynamic partition information of slope stability, obtains the deformation data of the monitoring points in the partition, extracts the local deformation gradient in each partition, screens the local deformation mutation area, and establishes the slope deformation mutation information; The warning level dynamic adjustment module calls the slope deformation mutation information, calculates the deformation rate increment, adjusts the warning level of the highway slope, and obtains the slope warning level information.

[0007] The present invention has improvements in that the slope stress gradient distribution number includes stress values ​​of multiple regional rock formations, slope stress change rates and local stress concentration points, the settlement rate change information specifically includes settlement rate change and rainfall infiltration rate, the slope stability dynamic zoning information includes stability risk level, stress mutation critical change point and slope zoning structure adjustment parameters, the slope deformation mutation information specifically refers to local deformation gradient, deformation gradient mutation point and gradient change rate between zoning areas, and the slope warning level information includes deformation rate increment, deformation rate change interval and warning level adjustment step.

[0008] The present invention is improved in that the slope stress monitoring module comprises: The stress data acquisition submodule obtains the monitoring data of the internal stress sensors and earth pressure gauges of the highway slope, extracts the rock stress values ​​of multiple regions, aggregates multiple monitoring data in the same region, and establishes a regional stress time series data set; The stress gradient calculation submodule is based on the regional stress time series data set and uses the formula: ; The stress gradient change rate in each area is obtained by calculation to obtain stress gradient distribution data; in, is the stress gradient change rate, For the The stress value at is the average distance between adjacent measuring points, is the total number of measuring points; The stress mutation screening submodule calls the stress gradient distribution data, determines the stress concentration point of the slope structure, screens the section where the gradient change exceeds the set threshold, and obtains the stress gradient mutation section.

[0009] The present invention is improved in that the sedimentation rate assessment module comprises: The settlement monitoring data extraction submodule obtains the surface settlement monitoring point data of the highway slope, extracts the settlement change in the continuous time window, aggregates the multi-point monitoring data in the same time window, establishes the settlement change time series data set, and obtains the settlement change curve; The sedimentation rate calculation submodule calculates the sedimentation rate of the time window based on the sedimentation change curve, using the formula: ; Calculate and obtain the sedimentation rate in each time period to obtain sedimentation rate data; in, is the sedimentation rate, For the The settlement height of the time window, For the The time span of the time window, is the total number of time windows; The rate mutation screening submodule calls the sedimentation rate data, compares the sedimentation rate change amplitude in the continuous time window, calculates the rate change rate in the adjacent time window, screens the time window where the rate change exceeds the set threshold, establishes the sedimentation rate mutation time window data set, and obtains the sedimentation rate change information.

[0010] The present invention is improved in that the stability dynamic partition evaluation module comprises: The stress and settlement ratio calculation submodule calls the slope stress gradient distribution data and settlement rate change information, using the formula: ; The stress-settlement ratio of each region is obtained by calculation to obtain stress-settlement ratio data; in, is the stress-settlement ratio, is the stress gradient change rate, For the region The sedimentation rate at the monitoring point, is the total number of monitoring points in the area, is the stability constant; The stability risk assessment submodule calls the stress-settlement ratio data, screens the areas where the ratio exceeds the set threshold, classifies the corresponding stability risk level, and obtains the regional stability risk level; The dynamic partition adjustment submodule calls the regional stability risk level, compares the existing slope partition structure, adjusts the slope area boundary, divides the stability dynamic partition, and establishes the slope stability dynamic partition information.

[0011] The present invention is improved in that the local deformation mutation detection module comprises: The deformation data extraction submodule calls the slope stability dynamic partition information, obtains the deformation data of the monitoring points in the partition, extracts the displacement increments in the continuous time window, collects the multi-point monitoring data in the same time window, and establishes a deformation time series data set; The local deformation gradient calculation submodule is based on the deformation time series data set and adopts the formula: ; Calculate the local deformation gradient in each partition and generate local deformation gradient data; in, represents the local deformation gradient, Indicates The displacement data of a time window, Indicates the number of time windows; The mutation screening submodule calls the local deformation gradient data, compares the deformation gradient mean in the same partition, screens the areas where the deviation exceeds the set threshold, establishes the deformation mutation area data set, and obtains the slope deformation mutation information.

[0012] The present invention is improved in that the warning level dynamic adjustment module includes: The deformation rate calculation submodule calls the slope deformation mutation information, obtains the deformation rate change value in the mutation area, extracts the deformation rate sequence in the continuous time window, calculates the deformation rate change amount in each time window, and obtains the deformation rate change value; The rate increment analysis submodule adopts the formula based on the deformation rate change value: ; The deformation rate increment is obtained by operation to obtain deformation rate increment data; in, is the deformation rate increment, For the The deformation rate of the time window, For the The weight coefficient of the time window, is the number of time windows within the calculation interval; The warning level adjustment submodule calls the deformation rate increment data, compares the deformation rate change trend classification standard, analyzes the change range of the deformation rate increment, adjusts the warning level of the highway slope, and establishes the slope warning level information.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: In the present invention, by acquiring stress sensing data and earth pressure data inside the slope, calculating the stress gradient change rate inside the stratum, and screening stress mutation sections, the accuracy of identifying stress concentration points of the slope structure is improved, and by calculating the settlement change, the monitoring of the settlement rate is made more consistent and accurate. The implementation of dynamic zoning assessment, combined with the data of stress gradient and settlement rate, can accurately divide the stability risk area of ​​the slope, providing more targeted structural adjustment basis and early warning information. By detecting local deformation mutations, the area of ​​rapid change in deformation rate is monitored and identified, which helps to timely discover potential landslide and collapse risks, so as to take measures in advance to avoid or reduce the occurrence of disasters, thereby improving the timeliness and accuracy of highway slope monitoring and risk management, and enabling highway management departments to more effectively prevent and reduce disasters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a system flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the slope stress monitoring module of the present invention; Figure 3 is a flow chart of a sedimentation rate assessment module of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a flow chart of the stability dynamic partition evaluation module of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flow chart of the local deformation mutation detection module of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a flow chart of the warning level dynamic adjustment module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0016] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating positions or positional relationships, are based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0017] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a highway slope health monitoring and risk management system, the system comprising: The slope stress monitoring module obtains the monitoring data of the stress sensors and earth pressure gauges inside the highway slope, calls the rock stress values ​​of multiple areas, calculates the stress gradient change rate inside the stratum, determines the stress concentration point of the slope structure, screens the stress mutation section, and obtains the slope stress gradient distribution data; The settlement rate assessment module calls the data of the surface settlement monitoring points of the highway slope, calculates the settlement change in the continuous time window, extracts the settlement change curve, calculates the settlement rate, screens the time window of the settlement rate mutation, and obtains the settlement rate change information; The stability dynamic zoning assessment module calls the slope stress gradient distribution data and settlement rate change information, calculates the ratio of the stress gradient change rate to the settlement rate in each area of ​​the highway slope, screens the areas where the ratio exceeds the set threshold, determines the stability risk level of the area, adjusts the slope zoning structure, and establishes the slope stability dynamic zoning information; The local deformation mutation detection module calls the dynamic partition information of slope stability, obtains the deformation data of the monitoring points in the partition, calculates the displacement increment of adjacent time windows, extracts the local deformation gradient in each partition, compares the mean value of the deformation gradient in the same partition, screens the local deformation mutation area, and establishes the slope deformation mutation information; The warning level dynamic adjustment module calls the slope deformation mutation information, obtains the deformation rate change value in the mutation area, calculates the deformation rate increment, compares the deformation rate change trend classification standard, analyzes the deformation rate increment change range, determines the warning level adjustment step, adjusts the warning level of the highway slope, and obtains the slope warning level information.

[0018] The slope stress gradient distribution data include the stress values ​​of multiple regional rock layers, the slope stress change rate and the local stress concentration points. The settlement rate change information specifically includes the settlement rate change and the rainfall infiltration rate. The dynamic zoning information of slope stability includes the stability risk level, the critical change point of stress mutation and the slope zoning structure adjustment parameters. The slope deformation mutation information specifically refers to the local deformation gradient, the deformation gradient mutation point and the gradient change rate between zoning areas. The slope warning level information includes the deformation rate increment, the deformation rate change interval and the warning level adjustment step.

[0019] See also Figure 2 , the slope stress monitoring module includes: The stress data acquisition submodule obtains the monitoring data of the internal stress sensors and earth pressure gauges of the highway slope, extracts the rock stress values ​​of multiple regions, aggregates multiple monitoring data in the same region, and establishes a regional stress time series data set; The stress data acquisition submodule obtains the monitoring data of stress sensors and earth pressure gauges inside the highway slope. Stress sensors and earth pressure gauges are arranged in different areas of the highway slope. The location and number of observation points should be determined according to the observation purpose and requirements. There should be no less than 3 observation points in each observation section, and the spacing between observation points in the same observation section should not exceed 2 meters. For soil layers with large stress changes, the observation points should be denser. For example, in a slope area, a sensor is arranged every 2 meters in the vertical direction, and the horizontal spacing is also 2 meters. The sensor monitors the stress changes inside the rock layer in real time and transmits the data to the data acquisition system. The data acquisition system collects multiple monitoring data in the same area, arranges them in chronological order, and forms a regional stress time series data set.

[0020] The stress gradient calculation submodule is based on the regional stress time series data set and uses the formula: ; The stress gradient change rate in each area is obtained by calculation to obtain stress gradient distribution data; in, is the stress gradient change rate, For the The stress value at is the average distance between adjacent measuring points, is the total number of measuring points; The stress gradient calculation submodule is based on the regional stress time series data set and uses the formula: ; The stress gradient change rate in each region is obtained by calculation to obtain the stress gradient distribution data, where: is the stress gradient change rate, For the The stress value at is the average distance between adjacent measuring points, is the total number of measuring points. In practical applications, 4 measuring points are arranged in a certain area, and the distance between the measuring points is 2 meters. The measured stress values ​​are 1.2 MPa, 1.3 MPa, 1.25 MPa and 1.35 MPa respectively. The stress gradient change rate is calculated according to the formula: ; Through the above calculation, the stress gradient change rate of the area is obtained to be 0.0417 MPa / m. The stress gradient change rates of each area are summarized to form stress gradient distribution data, which provides a reference for slope stability analysis. Among them, the average spacing between adjacent measuring points is It is determined according to the sensor layout specifications, and usually a fixed value within the range of 2 meters to 5 meters is selected. In this embodiment, it is set to 2 meters. The value is selected based on the density of measuring points and the structural characteristics of the slope rock layer. If the spacing is too large, the details of the stress change may be lost. If the spacing is too small, the measurement redundancy may be increased and it is not economical. The value is usually adjusted according to the geological conditions of the slope. A small value can be selected for loose soil and a large value can be selected for dense rock.

[0021] The stress mutation screening submodule calls the stress gradient distribution data to determine the stress concentration point of the slope structure, screens the sections where the gradient change exceeds the set threshold, and obtains the stress gradient mutation section; The stress mutation screening submodule calls the stress gradient distribution data to determine the stress concentration point of the slope structure. By setting a reasonable stress gradient change rate threshold, which can be determined based on engineering experience and relevant specifications, such as 0.05 MPa / m, the stress gradient change rate calculated in each area is compared with the threshold. For areas with a stress gradient change rate greater than 0.05 MPa / m, they are marked as stress concentration points.

[0022] For example, the stress gradient change rates of area 2 and area 4 are 0.052 MPa / m and 0.055 MPa / m, respectively, both exceeding the set threshold of 0.05 MPa / m. Therefore, these two areas are identified as stress gradient mutation sections. The identification and analysis of these stress concentration points can provide important basis for slope safety monitoring and early warning. Among them, the threshold of stress gradient change rate of 0.05 MPa / m is set based on the material properties of the slope rock layer and historical monitoring data. In common geotechnical engineering projects, the stress gradient change rate under stable conditions is generally in the range of 0.03~0.05 MPa / m. Therefore, 0.05 MPa / m is selected as the critical value for identifying stress concentration points. The adjustment of this value can be corrected based on engineering experience and long-term monitoring data. If the rock layer is relatively broken, the threshold can be appropriately lowered to increase sensitivity. If the rock layer is solid, the threshold can be increased to avoid misjudgment.

[0023] See also Figure 3 , the sedimentation rate assessment module includes: The settlement monitoring data extraction submodule obtains the surface settlement monitoring point data of the highway slope, extracts the settlement change in the continuous time window, aggregates the multi-point monitoring data in the same time window, establishes the settlement change time series data set, and obtains the settlement change curve; The settlement monitoring data extraction submodule obtains the settlement monitoring point data of the highway slope surface. By setting up multiple settlement monitoring points on the highway slope surface, the location and number of the monitoring points should be determined according to the geological conditions, design requirements and monitoring purposes of the slope. For example, on a slope with a length of 100 meters, a monitoring point is set every 10 meters, with a total of 10 monitoring points. These monitoring points can be measured regularly using high-precision total stations, GPS or levels and other equipment to record the elevation data of each monitoring point at the initial time (T0), and measure again at time T1 to obtain updated data.

[0024] By comparing the elevation data of the same monitoring point at different times, the settlement change of each monitoring point in the time window from T0 to T1 can be calculated. For example, the settlement change of monitoring point 1 is 50.00 meters - 49.95 meters = 0.05 meters, and the settlement change of monitoring point 2 is 49.80 meters - 49.75 meters = 0.05 meters. Similarly, the settlement changes of all monitoring points in the same time window are aggregated to establish a settlement change time series data set. By collating and analyzing the data of multiple time windows, a settlement change curve can be drawn to intuitively reflect the settlement changes of the slope surface in different time periods.

[0025] The sedimentation rate calculation submodule calculates the sedimentation rate of the time window based on the sedimentation change curve, using the formula: ; Calculate and obtain the sedimentation rate in each time period to obtain sedimentation rate data; in, is the sedimentation rate, For the The settlement height of the time window, For the The time span of the time window, is the total number of time windows; The sedimentation rate calculation submodule calculates the sedimentation rate of the time window based on the sedimentation change curve, using the formula: ; in, is the sedimentation rate, For the The settlement height of the time window, For the The time span of the time window, is the total number of time windows. In practical applications, assume that in four consecutive time windows, the settlement heights (relative to the change in initial elevation) of a monitoring point are 0.05 m, 0.10 m, 0.15 m and 0.20 m respectively. The time span of each time window is 7 days (i.e., one week). Calculate the sum of the squares of the settlement height differences of adjacent time windows: ; Compute the sum of the timespans of all time windows: ; Substituting the above results into the formula, calculate the sedimentation rate: ; Therefore, the average settlement rate of the monitoring point in the selected time period is about 0.0189 m / day. By calculating and analyzing the settlement rates of all monitoring points, the settlement rate data of the entire slope area in different time periods can be obtained, providing an important reference for slope stability assessment.

[0026] For the time window span in the formula calculation Its value is based on the engineering monitoring standard and is usually set according to the rate characteristics of slope settlement. Generally speaking, the time span of short-term monitoring can be selected from 1 day to 7 days, while that of long-term monitoring can be selected from 7 days to 30 days. Considering that slope settlement is a slow-changing process, 7 days is usually used as the basic time window span, that is, The value is selected based on empirical data, taking into account the sampling period and data processing requirements of the monitoring equipment.

[0027] The rate mutation screening submodule calls sedimentation rate data, compares the sedimentation rate change amplitude in continuous time windows, calculates the rate change rate in adjacent time windows, screens time windows where the rate change exceeds the set threshold, establishes a sedimentation rate mutation time window data set, and obtains sedimentation rate change information; The rate mutation screening submodule calls the sedimentation rate data and compares the sedimentation rate change amplitude in the continuous time window. It is necessary to set a reasonable rate change rate threshold, which can be determined based on engineering experience and relevant specifications. For example, it is set to 0.005 m / day and the sedimentation rate change rate of adjacent time windows is calculated. For example, in the first and second time windows, the sedimentation rates of a monitoring point are 0.0189 m / day and 0.0250 m / day respectively, then the rate change rate is: ; The selection basis of the rate change threshold of 0.005 m / day is derived from the engineering monitoring standard and the slope stability assessment standard. Generally speaking, when the settlement rate change rate exceeds 0.005 m / day, it means that the slope may be in an abnormal settlement state. The rationality of this threshold can be verified by statistical analysis of historical monitoring data. In engineering, different rate change thresholds are usually set according to factors such as slope geotechnical properties, rainfall impact, and groundwater level changes. If the rate change rate in multiple consecutive time windows exceeds the threshold, further reinforcement measures or risk assessment are required.

[0028] See also Figure 4 , the stability dynamic partition evaluation module includes: The stress and settlement ratio calculation submodule calls the slope stress gradient distribution data and settlement rate change information, using the formula: ; The stress-settlement ratio of each region is obtained by calculation to obtain stress-settlement ratio data; in, is the stress-settlement ratio, is the stress gradient change rate, For the region The sedimentation rate at the monitoring point, is the total number of monitoring points in the area, is the stability constant; The stress-settlement ratio calculation submodule calls the slope stress gradient distribution data and settlement rate change information to obtain the stress gradient change rate data of each monitoring point on the slope. Suppose that in a certain area, the stress gradient change rates of monitoring points A, B, and C are 0.02, 0.025, and 0.018, respectively, in megapascals per meter (MPa / m). Then, the settlement rate data of the corresponding monitoring points are obtained. Suppose the settlement rates of monitoring points A, B, and C are 0.5, 0.6, and 0.55 millimeters per day (mm / d), respectively. Then, the average settlement rate in the area is calculated. The formula is: ; in, is the total number of monitoring points in the area, For the Substituting the above data into the sedimentation rate of each monitoring point, we can calculate: ; When calculating the ratio, the denominator may be too small or even close to zero. In order to avoid misjudgment caused by abnormal calculation or excessive ratio, a stable constant needs to be introduced. , the selection basis of this stability constant is the minimum settlement rate measurement value of the slope in a stable state. This value can be selected from the minimum non-zero settlement rate value through long-term monitoring data, and 10% of its average is taken as the stability constant to ensure that the value is small enough but does not affect the calculation accuracy. Assuming that the minimum non-zero settlement rate in the long-term monitoring data is 0.1 mm / d, then ; Then, the stress-settlement ratio of each monitoring point is calculated , the formula is: ; Taking monitoring point A as an example, , substitute into the calculation: ; Similarly, the monitoring points B and C can be calculated The values ​​are 0.0357 and 0.0321 respectively, and the stress-settlement ratio data of each area are obtained.

[0029] The stability risk assessment submodule calls the stress-settlement ratio data, screens the areas where the ratio exceeds the set threshold, classifies the corresponding stability risk level, and obtains the regional stability risk level; The stability risk assessment submodule calls the stress-settlement ratio data and sets the threshold of the stress-settlement ratio. The selection of the threshold is based on the change trend of the stress-settlement ratio before the slope becomes unstable. According to a large amount of slope monitoring data, the maximum acceptable range of the stress-settlement ratio before the slope becomes unstable can be statistically analyzed, and the 90% quantile is taken as the threshold to ensure that the threshold can reflect the potential unstable area. Assuming that the stress-settlement ratio of the 90% quantile before the slope becomes unstable in the historical monitoring data is 0.04 MPa·d / mm, then ; Then, compare the value, filter out the area exceeding the threshold, set a certain area If the value is 0.045MPa·d / mm, and it exceeds the threshold, the area will be marked as a high-risk area. Areas with values ​​above 0.04 are classified as high risk, those between 0.03 and 0.04 are classified as medium risk, and those below 0.03 are classified as low risk, thus obtaining the stability risk level of each area.

[0030] The dynamic partition adjustment submodule calls the regional stability risk level, compares the existing slope partition structure, adjusts the slope area boundary, divides the stability dynamic partition, and establishes the slope stability dynamic partition information; The dynamic partition adjustment submodule calls the regional stability risk level to obtain the partition structure information of the current slope. Suppose the slope is divided into three areas, A, B, and C. Check the risk level of each area. Suppose area A is high risk, area B is medium risk, and area C is low risk. When adjusting the boundary, it is necessary to set the partition adjustment weight. This weight is used to determine the amplitude of the boundary adjustment. According to the historical data of slope monitoring, the adjustment amplitude should meet the dynamic adjustment range not exceeding 10% of the total area of ​​the previous partition to ensure that the adjustment range is reasonable and does not affect the overall stability. Suppose the current slope partition area is 10,000 m2, then ; For high-risk area A, its boundaries are adjusted to include part of the surrounding medium-risk areas to expand the monitoring and protection scope. For medium-risk area B, its boundaries are kept unchanged, but the monitoring frequency is strengthened. For low-risk area C, the monitoring frequency can be appropriately reduced, and dynamic zoning information of slope stability can be established.

[0031] See also Figure 5 , the local deformation mutation detection module includes: The deformation data extraction submodule calls the dynamic partition information of slope stability, obtains the deformation data of the monitoring points in the partition, extracts the displacement increments in the continuous time window, collects the multi-point monitoring data in the same time window, and establishes the deformation time series data set; The deformation data extraction submodule determines the location and number of monitoring points in each partition based on the dynamic partition information of slope stability, and retrieves the deformation data of the monitoring points within a specified time period from the monitoring database, such as displacement and settlement. For each monitoring point, its displacement data is extracted at a preset time interval (such as every hour or every day), and the displacement increment between adjacent time points is calculated to form a displacement increment sequence of the monitoring point. The displacement increment data of all monitoring points in the same partition in the same time window are summarized to generate a multi-point monitoring data set within the time window. For example, if there are 5 monitoring points in a partition, and within a certain hour, the displacement increments of these monitoring points are 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 1.1mm, 1.3mm and 1.4mm respectively, then the multi-point monitoring data set within the time window is {1.2, 1.5, 1.1, 1.3, 1.4}. By performing similar processing on the data of multiple continuous time windows, a deformation time series data set is finally established.

[0032] The local deformation gradient calculation submodule is based on the deformation time series data set and uses the formula: ; Calculate the local deformation gradient in each partition and generate local deformation gradient data; in, represents the local deformation gradient, Indicates The displacement data of a time window, Indicates the number of time windows; The local deformation gradient calculation submodule uses the deformation time series data set established above to process the data in chronological order for each partition, setting the number of time windows to , for the time window, extract its displacement data , calculate the displacement difference between adjacent time windows, that is, , sum up the displacement differences of all adjacent time windows, and get , and then divided by , calculate the local deformation gradient of the partition For example, suppose there are 4 time windows in a partition, and their displacement data are 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm and 3.5mm respectively. , so the local deformation gradient mm / time window.

[0033] The mutation screening submodule calls the local deformation gradient data, compares the deformation gradient mean in the same partition, screens the area where the deviation exceeds the set threshold, establishes the deformation mutation area data set, and obtains the slope deformation mutation information; The mutation screening submodule first obtains the local deformation gradient data of each partition, calculates the mean deformation gradient of each partition, and sets the deviation threshold to 10%. The threshold is set based on the allowable limit value standard for slope engineering deformation (such as the requirement that the change rate of slope displacement in some geological stability specifications should not exceed 15%), and combined with the characteristics of the slope structure, the maximum allowable deviation value is set to 10%. For each partition, the difference between its local deformation gradient and the mean deformation gradient is compared, and the deviation percentage is calculated. If the local deformation gradient of a partition is 0.6 mm / time window and the mean deformation gradient is 0.5 mm / time window, the deviation is ,Since 20% is greater than the set threshold of 10%, the partition is marked as a sudden deformation area, and its information is recorded in the sudden deformation area dataset to generate the sudden deformation information of the slope.

[0034] See also Figure 6 , the warning level dynamic adjustment module includes: The deformation rate calculation submodule calls the slope deformation mutation information, obtains the deformation rate change value in the mutation area, extracts the deformation rate sequence in the continuous time window, calculates the deformation rate change amount in each time window, and obtains the deformation rate change value; The deformation rate calculation submodule calls the slope deformation mutation information, and obtains the displacement data of each monitoring point in real time by deploying high-precision displacement sensors, such as GNSS receivers or total station prisms, in the slope monitoring area. For example, in a highway slope project, monitoring points were deployed at the top, surface and foot of the slope to obtain displacement data at different time points. The displacement data is recorded at predetermined time intervals (such as every hour) to form time series data. The displacement difference between adjacent time points is calculated to obtain the displacement increment in each time window. For example, a monitoring point at the first The displacement of a time window is mm, and the displacement of the second time window is mm, then the displacement increment in this time window is mm. Then, the deformation rate is calculated by dividing the displacement increment by the time interval, for example, hours, the deformation rate is mm / h. The deformation rate data of each monitoring point are summarized to obtain the deformation rate change value in the mutation area. The "base value" in the deformation rate change value calculation is set based on the normal range of deformation rate in the slope engineering geological monitoring specification. In general, the deformation rate of a stable slope is usually less than mm / h, while the critical slope may reach mm / h or more, so the standard of deformation rate change value can be set as mm / h. If this value is exceeded, it may mean that the slope has entered the stage of accelerated deformation and requires intensive monitoring.

[0035] The rate increment analysis submodule is based on the deformation rate change value and uses the formula: ; The deformation rate increment is obtained by operation to obtain deformation rate increment data; in, is the deformation rate increment, For the The deformation rate of the time window, For the The weight coefficient of the time window, is the number of time windows within the calculation interval; The rate increment analysis submodule is based on the deformation rate change value and uses the formula:

[0036] The deformation rate increment is obtained by operation to obtain the deformation rate increment data. Among them, is the deformation rate increment, For the The deformation rate of the time window, For the The weight coefficient of the time window, To calculate the number of time windows in the interval, first determine the number of time windows in the interval. , for example, select continuous Time windows Then, obtain the deformation rate of each time window ,For example: ; ; ; ; ; Next, calculate the difference in deformation rate between adjacent time windows: ; ; ; ; Then, each time window is assigned a weight coefficient ,For example: ; Compute the sum of the weighted differences: ; Calculate the deformation rate increment: ; In the above calculation, the weight coefficient The setting of is based on the importance of the time window. If the deformation rate of the monitoring time window is close to the threshold, its weight value should be increased. The time window of mm / h is considered to be a more important time point. In engineering applications, the weight can be adjusted, such as giving a higher weight to the nearest time window, so that the calculated Closer to the current state of the slope.

[0037] The warning level adjustment submodule calls the deformation rate increment data, compares the deformation rate change trend classification standard, analyzes the change range of the deformation rate increment, adjusts the warning level of the highway slope, and establishes the slope warning level information; The warning level adjustment submodule calls the deformation rate increment data, compares the deformation rate change trend classification standard, formulates the deformation rate change trend classification standard, and converts the deformation rate increment into Divide into different warning levels. For example, set the classification standards as follows: ; ; ; The calculated The value is compared with the classification standard. For example, if mm / h, it corresponds to the second-level warning. According to the warning level, the warning information of the highway slope is adjusted and relevant personnel are notified to take corresponding preventive measures. The threshold of the above warning level is set according to the slope geological stability monitoring standard. Usually, when the deformation rate increment is less than mm / h, the slope is still in normal condition and no additional measures are required. Between to mm / h, the slope may enter the stage of accelerated deformation, and it is necessary to increase the monitoring frequency and observe the subsequent change trend. Greater than mm / h, it indicates that the slope may undergo significant deformation and immediate engineering reinforcement measures are required, such as setting up support structures or diverting surface water to prevent landslides. The threshold is set based on engineering experience and slope stability simulation calculation results to ensure that the value is reasonable and has engineering guidance significance.

[0038] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical contents disclosed above to change or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highway slope health monitoring and risk management system, characterized in that: The system comprises: The slope stress monitoring module obtains the monitoring data of the stress sensor and earth pressure gauge inside the highway slope, calculates the stress gradient change rate inside the stratum, screens the stress mutation section, and obtains the slope stress gradient distribution data; The settlement rate assessment module calls the data of the surface settlement monitoring points of the highway slope, extracts the settlement change curve, screens the time window of the settlement rate mutation, and obtains the settlement rate change information; The stability dynamic partition assessment module calls the slope stress gradient distribution data and settlement rate change information, calculates the ratio of the stress gradient change rate to the settlement rate in each area of ​​the highway slope, determines the stability risk level of the area, adjusts the slope partition structure, and establishes slope stability dynamic partition information; The local deformation mutation detection module calls the dynamic partition information of slope stability, obtains the deformation data of the monitoring points in the partition, extracts the local deformation gradient in each partition, screens the local deformation mutation area, and establishes the slope deformation mutation information; The warning level dynamic adjustment module calls the slope deformation mutation information, calculates the deformation rate increment, adjusts the warning level of the highway slope, and obtains the slope warning level information.

2. The highway slope health monitoring and risk management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The slope stress gradient distribution data includes stress values ​​of multiple regional rock formations, slope stress change rates and local stress concentration points. The settlement rate change information specifically includes the settlement rate change and rainfall infiltration rate. The slope stability dynamic zoning information includes stability risk level, critical stress mutation change point and slope zoning structure adjustment parameters. The slope deformation mutation information specifically refers to local deformation gradient, deformation gradient mutation point and gradient change rate between partitions. The slope warning level information includes deformation rate increment, deformation rate change interval and warning level adjustment step.

3. The highway slope health monitoring and risk management system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The slope stress monitoring module includes: The stress data acquisition submodule obtains the monitoring data of the internal stress sensors and earth pressure gauges of the highway slope, extracts the rock stress values ​​of multiple regions, aggregates multiple monitoring data in the same region, and establishes a regional stress time series data set; The stress gradient calculation submodule is based on the regional stress time series data set and uses the formula: ； The stress gradient change rate in each area is obtained by calculation to obtain stress gradient distribution data; in, is the stress gradient change rate, For the The stress value at is the average distance between adjacent measuring points, is the total number of measuring points; The stress mutation screening submodule calls the stress gradient distribution data, determines the stress concentration point of the slope structure, screens the section where the gradient change exceeds the set threshold, and obtains the stress gradient mutation section.

4. The highway slope health monitoring and risk management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sedimentation rate assessment module includes: The settlement monitoring data extraction submodule obtains the surface settlement monitoring point data of the highway slope, extracts the settlement change in the continuous time window, aggregates the multi-point monitoring data in the same time window, establishes the settlement change time series data set, and obtains the settlement change curve; The sedimentation rate calculation submodule calculates the sedimentation rate of the time window based on the sedimentation change curve, using the formula: ； Calculate and obtain the sedimentation rate in each time period to obtain sedimentation rate data; in, is the sedimentation rate, For the The settlement height of the time window, For the The time span of the time window, is the total number of time windows; The rate mutation screening submodule calls the sedimentation rate data, compares the sedimentation rate change amplitude in the continuous time window, calculates the rate change rate in the adjacent time window, screens the time window where the rate change exceeds the set threshold, establishes the sedimentation rate mutation time window data set, and obtains the sedimentation rate change information.

5. The highway slope health monitoring and risk management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stability dynamic partition evaluation module includes: The stress and settlement ratio calculation submodule calls the slope stress gradient distribution data and settlement rate change information, using the formula: ； The stress-settlement ratio of each region is obtained by calculation to obtain stress-settlement ratio data; in, is the stress-settlement ratio, is the stress gradient change rate, For the region The sedimentation rate at the monitoring point, is the total number of monitoring points in the area, is the stability constant; The stability risk assessment submodule calls the stress-settlement ratio data, screens the areas where the ratio exceeds the set threshold, classifies the corresponding stability risk level, and obtains the regional stability risk level; The dynamic partition adjustment submodule calls the regional stability risk level, compares the existing slope partition structure, adjusts the slope area boundary, divides the stability dynamic partition, and establishes the slope stability dynamic partition information.

6. The highway slope health monitoring and risk management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The local deformation mutation detection module includes: The deformation data extraction submodule calls the slope stability dynamic partition information, obtains the deformation data of the monitoring points in the partition, extracts the displacement increments in the continuous time window, collects the multi-point monitoring data in the same time window, and establishes a deformation time series data set; The local deformation gradient calculation submodule is based on the deformation time series data set and adopts the formula: ； Calculate the local deformation gradient in each partition and generate local deformation gradient data; in, represents the local deformation gradient, Indicates The displacement data of a time window, Indicates the number of time windows; The mutation screening submodule calls the local deformation gradient data, compares the deformation gradient mean in the same partition, screens the areas where the deviation exceeds the set threshold, establishes the deformation mutation area data set, and obtains the slope deformation mutation information.

7. The highway slope health monitoring and risk management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The warning level dynamic adjustment module includes: The deformation rate calculation submodule calls the slope deformation mutation information, obtains the deformation rate change value in the mutation area, extracts the deformation rate sequence in the continuous time window, calculates the deformation rate change amount in each time window, and obtains the deformation rate change value; The rate increment analysis submodule adopts the formula based on the deformation rate change value: ； The deformation rate increment is obtained by operation to obtain deformation rate increment data; in, is the deformation rate increment, For the The deformation rate of the time window, For the The weight coefficient of the time window, is the number of time windows within the calculation interval; The warning level adjustment submodule calls the deformation rate increment data, compares the deformation rate change trend classification standard, analyzes the change range of the deformation rate increment, adjusts the warning level of the highway slope, and establishes the slope warning level information.

Images