A method for restoring river ecological flow with differentiated characteristics

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for restoring differentiated ecological flow of a river, which belongs to the technical field of river ecological restoration; it includes: dividing the river recovery stage according to the ecological flow; determining the river recovery stage according to the proportion of the river's water-filled time and the proportion of the river's flowing time throughout the year; and calculating the ecological flow required for different river recovery stages. The present invention realizes the flexible and scientific management of river ecological water demand, deeply integrates the diversified water demand for human economic and social development with the ecological water demand required for the recovery of river ecosystems, and proposes a differentiated ecological flow plan that emphasizes both sustainability and resilience, aiming to ensure that the river ecosystem can maintain its stability and resilience when facing natural changes and human interference, while promoting the fair, efficient and sustainable use of water resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of river ecological restoration, and in particular relates to a method for restoring differentiated ecological flow of a river. Background Art

[0002] Good water flow conditions are the fundamental driving factor for the healthy development of rivers. Due to the construction of water conservancy projects and the increase in water use, the flow pattern of rivers has been greatly changed, resulting in a decrease in the diversity of biological communities, affecting the health and stability of river ecosystems.

[0003] In the field of river ecological restoration, a variety of technical methods have been used to ensure the health and stability of river ecosystems. Among them, the restoration of ecological flow is one of the core links. Traditional ecological flow restoration methods mainly focus on the setting and management of a single ecological flow, such as calculating ecological base flow based on historical hydrological data. However, some problems and shortcomings have been exposed in practical applications.

[0004] The most obvious thing is that the setting and management of a single ecological flow lacks flexibility in dealing with different water flow situations and different recovery stages. Due to the complexity and variability of river water flow situations, a single fixed ecological flow setting is often difficult to adapt to ecological needs under different hydrological conditions, thus affecting the effect of ecological restoration. At the same time, the water demand of the ecosystem will also change in different stages of river recovery. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a differentiated river ecological flow restoration method to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, so as to solve the problem that the existing single fixed ecological flow setting is often difficult to adapt to the ecological needs under different hydrological conditions, thereby affecting the effect of ecological restoration.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A method for restoring river differentiated ecological flow, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Divide the river recovery stages according to ecological flow;

[0009] S2. Determine the river recovery stage based on the proportion of river water time and flow time throughout the year;

[0010] S3. Calculate the ecological flow required for different stages of river recovery.

[0011] Furthermore, in S1, the river recovery stages are divided into: the river recovery stage with water, the flowing river recovery stage, and the healthy river recovery stage.

[0012] Furthermore, S2 specifically includes:

[0013] Calculate the proportion of water hours throughout the year I w and the proportion of annual mobility time I F ;

[0014] In the assessment year, if the proportion of river water in the whole year is w <1, the river is in the river recovery stage with water;

[0015] If the proportion of river water in the whole year is w ≥1 and the proportion of mobility time throughout the year is I F <1, the river is in the flowing river recovery stage;

[0016] If the annual flow time ratio I F ≥1, the river is in a healthy river recovery stage.

[0017] Furthermore, the proportion of water hours in the whole year is calculated. w for:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, D w The number of days with water in the river in the assessment year; It is the number of days with water in the river under historical natural conditions.

[0020] Furthermore, the annual mobility time ratio I is calculated F for:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, D F Number of days of river flow in the assessment year; It is the number of days the river flows under historical natural conditions.

[0023] Furthermore, in S3, the ecological flow required for different river recovery stages is calculated, including:

[0024] The amount of ecological water required for the recovery phase of rivers with water;

[0025] The amount of ecological water required for the recovery phase of the flowing river;

[0026] Ecological flows required for healthy river recovery phase.

[0027] Furthermore, the ecological flow required for the recovery stage of the river with water is calculated, including:

[0028] Calculate the ecological flow Qew at time t of the river recovery stage with water t ;

[0029] Qew t =Qtgt

[0030] Among them, Qtg t To maintain the evaporation and infiltration flow of the river;

[0031] If the river is filled with water at the beginning of the water replenishment, the amount of ecological water required for the river to recover is W. Qe for:

[0032] W Qe =∫0 T Qew t dt

[0033] If the river is not full at the beginning of water replenishment, the amount of ecological water required for the river recovery stage is W Qew for:

[0034]

[0035] Among them, W T0 is the water storage capacity of the river at time T0; W0 is the water storage capacity of the river at the initial time.

[0036] Furthermore, the ecological flow required for the recovery phase of the flowing river is calculated, including:

[0037] Calculate river ecological flow Qef t :

[0038]

[0039] Among them, Q t,j is the natural runoff in the tth period of the jth year after the restoration of the river control section; N is the length of the restoration series; α t The ratio of the multi-year average flow in the t period;

[0040] If the river ecological flow Qef t > The ecological flow Qew of the downstream of the river at the current moment t , then the ecological flow of the flowing river during the recovery phase is Qef t ;

[0041] If the river ecological flow Qef t ≤The ecological flow Qew of the downstream of the river at the current moment t , then the ecological flow adjustment required for the recovery stage of the flowing river is:

[0042] QUR t =Qew t +Qdmin t

[0043] Among them, Qdmin t is the minimum flow rate of the lower section;

[0044] According to the ecological flow required for the recovery stage of the flowing river, the ecological water volume required for the recovery stage of the flowing river is calculated as:

[0045]

[0046] Among them, W Qef The amount of ecological water required for the recovery phase of the flowing river.

[0047] Furthermore, the ecological flow required for the healthy river recovery stage is calculated, including:

[0048]

[0049] Among them, Qeh t The ecological flow required for a healthy river recovery phase; Qpse t Flow rates required to protect species during sensitive periods.

[0050] The method for restoring river ecological flow differentiation provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] The present invention realizes the flexible and scientific management of river ecological water demand, deeply integrates the diversified water demand of human economic and social development with the ecological water demand necessary for the recovery of river ecosystem, and proposes a differentiated ecological flow plan that emphasizes both sustainability and resilience, aiming to ensure that river ecosystems can maintain their stability and resilience when facing natural changes and human interference, while promoting the fair, efficient and sustainable use of water resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the method for restoring river differentiated ecological flow. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] The river differentiated ecological flow restoration method of this embodiment can ensure that the river ecosystem can maintain its stability and resilience when facing natural changes and human interference, while promoting the fair, efficient and sustainable use of water resources. Figure 1 , which specifically includes the following:

[0056] Step S1, dividing the river recovery stages according to ecological flow;

[0057] The river recovery stages are divided into: the river recovery stage with water, the flowing river recovery stage and the healthy river recovery stage; these three stages not only reflect the urgency of river recovery, but also show its stage characteristics, providing a clear practical path for the recovery of perennially dry and interrupted rivers.

[0058] Specifically, the water-rich river recovery phase aims to quickly and effectively alleviate emergency situations such as river drying up and interruption of flow, ensure that rivers can maintain a certain basic water volume in any season, and lay a solid foundation for ecological restoration.

[0059] The flowing river recovery stage is achieved on the basis of the water-filled river recovery stage. It should further maintain the continuity of water flow, promote water renewal and material circulation by restoring and enhancing the natural flow capacity of the river, and provide a suitable habitat and migration channels for aquatic organisms.

[0060] The healthy river recovery stage is the long-term goal of river recovery. On the basis of the flowing river recovery stage, it places more emphasis on the restoration and protection of river biodiversity, and promotes the healthy recovery and sustainable development of river ecosystems.

[0061] Step S2, determining the river recovery stage according to the proportion of the river's water-filled time and the proportion of the river's flowing time throughout the year;

[0062] Calculate the proportion of water hours throughout the year I w and the proportion of annual mobility time I F ;

[0063] Calculate the proportion of water hours throughout the year I w for:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, D w The number of days with water in the river in the assessment year; It is the number of days with water in the river under historical natural conditions.

[0066] Calculate the proportion of mobile time throughout the year I F for:

[0067]

[0068] Among them, D F Number of days of river flow in the assessment year; It is the number of days the river flows under historical natural conditions.

[0069] In the assessment year, if the proportion of river water in the whole year is w<1, the river is in the river recovery stage with water;

[0070] If the proportion of river water in the whole year is w ≥1 and the proportion of mobility time throughout the year is I F <1, the river is in the flowing river recovery stage;

[0071] If the annual flow time ratio I F ≥1, the river is in a healthy river recovery stage.

[0072] Step S3: Calculate the ecological flow required for different river recovery stages.

[0073] Calculate the ecological flows required for different river recovery stages, including:

[0074] The amount of ecological water required for the recovery phase of rivers with water;

[0075] The amount of ecological water required for the recovery phase of the flowing river;

[0076] Ecological flows required for healthy river recovery phase.

[0077] Step S3.1: Specifically, calculate the ecological flow required for the recovery stage of the river with water, including:

[0078] In the recovery stage of rivers with water, the consideration of ecological water demand should focus on factors such as the strong infiltration of rivers caused by long-term dryness and interruption of flow to replenish groundwater, and calculate the basic water volume of rivers in any season. Based on this, the ecological flow Qew at time t in the recovery stage of rivers with water is t The evaporation and infiltration flow rate Qtg can be maintained by t To characterize, specifically:

[0079] Qew t =Qtg t

[0080] Among them, Qth t To maintain the evaporation and infiltration flow of the river;

[0081] If the river is filled with water at the beginning of the water replenishment, the amount of ecological water required for the river to recover is W. Qe for:

[0082] W Qe =∫0 T Qew t dt

[0083] If the river is not full at the beginning of water replenishment, the amount of ecological water required for the river recovery stage is W Qew for:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, W T0 is the water storage capacity of the river at time T0; W0 is the water storage capacity of the river at the initial time.

[0086] Step S3.2: Calculate the ecological flow required for the recovery phase of the flowing river. The ecological water demand should take into account the flow of the river on the basis of water availability along the entire line, including:

[0087] Calculation of river ecological flow Qef using hydrological method t :

[0088]

[0089] Among them, Q t,j is the natural runoff in the tth period of the jth year after the restoration of the river control section; N is the length of the restoration series; α t The ratio of the multi-year average flow in the t period;

[0090] At the same time, dry rivers often change the relationship between river recharge and discharge due to human overexploitation. Based on the use of hydrological calculations, it is necessary to determine whether the ecological flow of the control section can meet the flow required for evaporation and infiltration of the downstream river, that is, the water flow of the entire line Qew t , based on this:

[0091] If the river ecological flow Qeft t > The ecological flow Qew of the downstream of the river at the current moment t , then the ecological flow of the flowing river during the recovery phase is Qeft t ;

[0092] If the river ecological flow Qeft t ≤The ecological flow Qew of the downstream of the river at the current moment t , then the ecological flow adjustment required for the recovery stage of the flowing river is:

[0093] QUR t =Qew t +Qdmin t

[0094] Among them, Qdmin t is the minimum flow rate of the lower section;

[0095] According to the ecological flow required for the recovery stage of the flowing river, the ecological water volume required for the recovery stage of the flowing river is calculated as:

[0096]

[0097] Among them, W Qef The amount of ecological water required for the recovery phase of the flowing river.

[0098] Step S3.3: In the healthy river recovery stage, the ecological water demand should be considered based on the full flow of the river ecosystem to consider the ecological water demand of protected species. The protected species of the river ecosystem include terrestrial protected species and aquatic protected species. The ecological water demand Qpse of protected species during the sensitive period is determined based on the investigation and assessment of the river ecosystem. t Comprehensively consider the required flow rate Qef in the "flowing river recovery stage" t And the flow rate Qpse required for protecting species during sensitive periods t , take the maximum flow required in this period as the ecological flow Qeh in the recovery stage t , specifically:

[0099]

[0100] Among them, Qeh t The ecological flow required for a healthy river recovery phase; Qpse t Flow rates required to protect species during sensitive periods.

[0101] Although the specific implementation of the invention is described in detail in conjunction with the drawings, it should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this patent. Within the scope described in the claims, various modifications and variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work still fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A method for restoring differentiated ecological flow in a river, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Divide the river recovery stages according to ecological flow; S2. Determine the river recovery stage based on the proportion of river water time and flow time throughout the year; S3. Calculate the ecological flow required for different stages of river recovery.

2. The method for restoring river differentiated ecological flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the river recovery stage is divided into: a river recovery stage with water, a flowing river recovery stage and a healthy river recovery stage.

3. The method for restoring river differentiated ecological flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S2 specifically includes: Calculate the proportion of water hours throughout the year I w and the proportion of annual mobility time I F ; In the assessment year, if the proportion of river water in the whole year is w <1, the river is in the river recovery stage with water; If the proportion of river water in the whole year is w ≥1 and the proportion of mobility time throughout the year is I F <1, the river is in the flowing river recovery stage; If the annual flow time ratio is I F ≥1, the river is in a healthy river recovery stage.

4. The method for restoring river differentiated ecological flow according to claim 3, characterized in that: Calculate the proportion of water hours throughout the year I w for: Among them, D w The number of days with water in the river in the assessment year; It is the number of days with water in the river under historical natural conditions.

5. The method for restoring river differentiated ecological flow according to claim 3, characterized in that: Calculate the proportion of mobile time throughout the year I F for: Among them, D F Number of days of river flow in the assessment year; It is the number of days the river flows under historical natural conditions.

6. The method for restoring river differentiated ecological flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the ecological flow required for different river recovery stages is calculated, including: The amount of ecological water required for the recovery phase of rivers with water; The amount of ecological water required for the recovery phase of the flowing river; Ecological flows required for healthy river recovery phase.

7. The method for restoring river differentiated ecological flow according to claim 6, characterized in that: Calculate the ecological flow required for the recovery phase of a river with water, including: Calculate the ecological flow Qew at time t of the river recovery stage with water t ; Qew t =Qtg t Among them, Qtg t To maintain the evaporation and infiltration flow of the river; If the river is filled with water at the beginning of the water replenishment, the amount of ecological water required for the river to recover is W. Qe for: W Qe =∫0 T Qew t dt If the river is not full at the beginning of water replenishment, the amount of ecological water required for the river recovery stage is W Qew for: Among them, W T0 is the water storage capacity of the river at time T0; W0 is the water storage capacity of the river at the initial time.

8. The method for restoring river differentiated ecological flow according to claim 6, characterized in that: Calculate the ecological flows required for the recovery phase of a flowing river, including: Calculate river ecological flow Qef t : Among them, Q t,j is the natural runoff in the tth period of the jth year after the restoration of the river control section; N is the length of the restoration series; α t The ratio of the multi-year average flow in the t period; If the river ecological flow Qef t > The ecological flow Qew of the downstream of the river at the current moment t , then the ecological flow of the flowing river during the recovery phase is Qef t ; If the river ecological flow Qef t ≤The ecological flow Qew of the downstream of the river at the current moment t , then the ecological flow adjustment required for the recovery stage of the flowing river is: excited t =Que t +Qdmin t Among them, Qdmin t is the minimum flow rate of the lower section; According to the ecological flow required for the recovery stage of the flowing river, the ecological water volume required for the recovery stage of the flowing river is calculated as: Among them, W Qef The amount of ecological water required for the recovery phase of the flowing river.

9. The method for restoring river differentiated ecological flow according to claim 8, characterized in that: Calculate the ecological flows required for a healthy river recovery phase, including: Among them, Qeh t The ecological flow required for a healthy river recovery phase; Qpse t Flow rates required to protect species during sensitive periods.

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