An eyeball model and a method for demonstrating the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma

Abstract

The present invention provides an eyeball model, which includes a transparent eyeball wall, an iris, a ciliary body and a liquid-swelling lens; a transparent cornea is arranged at the front end of the transparent eyeball wall, and a receiving cavity is provided on one side of the transparent eyeball wall close to the transparent cornea; the iris and the ciliary body are arranged in the receiving cavity and connected to the transparent eyeball wall, and the iris divides the receiving cavity into a front cavity and a rear cavity; the liquid-swelling lens is arranged in the rear cavity, and the liquid-swelling lens can be tightly pressed against the iris after expansion; a first liquid injection port is provided on the transparent eyeball wall, and the first liquid injection port is connected to the rear cavity. At the same time, a demonstration method for the occurrence mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma is also provided. Compared with the prior art, the eyeball model and the demonstration method for the occurrence mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma of the present invention can more intuitively and clearly demonstrate the occurrence mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ophthalmic auxiliary instruments, and in particular to an eyeball model and a method for demonstrating the occurrence mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma. Background Art

[0002] Acute angle-closure glaucoma refers to a type of glaucoma in which the intraocular pressure rises sharply due to the sudden closure of the intraocular angle structure. It is characterized by rapid onset, high intraocular pressure, and strong destructive power. The triad of acute angle-closure glaucoma is an important basis for the diagnosis of acute angle-closure glaucoma, which mainly manifests as pigmented KP (posterior corneal deposits), segmental iris atrophy, and glaucoma spots on the lens.

[0003] In clinical and teaching scenarios, it is necessary to explain the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma to patients (patients' families), students, etc. In the existing technology, medical staff and teaching teachers usually explain the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma through pictures or verbal descriptions.

[0004] However, in clinical practice, since the subjects are not ophthalmologists, they do not have sufficient understanding of the structure and function of the eye. When medical staff explain the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma to them, it is difficult for patients (and their families) to understand only through pictures or verbal descriptions. The effect of preoperative explanations is limited, and communication barriers are likely to occur before the operation, thus causing postoperative disputes.

[0005] In the process of ophthalmology teaching, ophthalmology students have only a partial understanding of eye anatomy during clinical internship, and the teaching teachers only explain through pictures or verbal descriptions, which makes it easy for students to fail to fully understand the teaching content, resulting in poor teaching results.

[0006] Therefore, how to provide an eyeball model that can more clearly and intuitively demonstrate the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma is a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the technical problem that the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma is explained in the prior art by means of pictures or language descriptions, which easily leads to the inability of the subjects to clearly understand the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma, the present invention provides an eyeball model, which can more clearly and intuitively display the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma, so that the subjects can more clearly and fully understand acute angle-closure glaucoma, thereby reducing the probability of medical disputes and improving the teaching effect.

[0008] An eyeball model, comprising a transparent eyeball wall, an iris, a ciliary body and a liquid-swelling lens; A transparent cornea is arranged at the front end of the transparent eyeball wall, and a receiving cavity is opened on one side of the transparent eyeball wall close to the transparent cornea; The iris and the ciliary body are arranged in the accommodating cavity and connected to the transparent eyeball wall, and the iris divides the accommodating cavity into a front cavity and a rear cavity, wherein the front cavity is located on a side close to the transparent cornea, and the rear cavity is located on a side away from the transparent cornea; The liquid-absorbing and expanding lens is arranged in the posterior cavity, and after the liquid-absorbing and expanding lens expands, it can closely press the iris; A first liquid injection port is provided on the transparent eyeball wall, and the first liquid injection port is communicated with the rear cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the iris is an elastic iris; The eyeball model also includes a guide wire, one end of which is connected to the iris, and the other end of which passes through the transparent eyeball wall.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a buckle, which is arranged on the guide wire and located outside the transparent eyeball wall.

[0011] Preferably, it further comprises a first simulation member, wherein the first simulation member is located in the anterior chamber and attached to the transparent cornea; The first simulation member is a hollow structure; A second liquid injection port is also provided on the transparent eyeball wall, and the second liquid injection port is communicated with the internal cavity of the first simulation component.

[0012] Preferably, the first simulation member includes a first simulation bead and a first connecting conduit; A first cavity is defined in the first simulated bead, and a plurality of the first simulated beads are provided, and two adjacent first simulated beads are connected via the first connecting conduit; A first connecting channel is provided in the first connecting conduit, and the first connecting channel connects the first cavities of two adjacent first simulation beads.

[0013] Preferably, it further comprises a second simulation member, wherein the second simulation member is attached to the anterior capsule of the liquid-swellable lens; The second simulation member is a hollow structure; A third liquid injection port is also provided on the transparent eyeball wall, and the third liquid injection port is communicated with the internal cavity of the second simulation component.

[0014] Preferably, the second simulation member includes a plaque simulation member, a second simulation bead and a second connecting conduit; The spot simulation piece is in a sheet-like structure, and a first chamber is opened in the spot simulation piece, and a second chamber is opened in the second simulation bead; The spot simulation member and the second simulation bead are connected via the second connection conduit, and a second connection channel is provided in the second connection conduit, and the second connection channel connects the first chamber with the second chamber.

[0015] Preferably, a supporting member is provided outside the transparent eyeball wall; The eyeball model also includes a bracket, which is used to support the supporting member.

[0016] A method for demonstrating the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma comprises the following steps: S1. providing an eyeball model as described in any one of the above; S2. Injecting liquid into the posterior cavity through the first liquid injection port to expand the liquid-swelling lens, and the iris moves forward under pressure to narrow the anterior chamber angle.

[0017] Preferably, after S2, the following steps are also included: S3, pulling the guide wire to shorten the iris so that the iris forms wrinkles; S4, injecting liquid into the first simulation component through the second liquid injection port; S5. Inject liquid into the second simulation component through the third liquid injection port.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the eyeball model provided by the present invention comprises a transparent eyeball wall, an iris, a ciliary body and a liquid-swelling lens; a transparent cornea is arranged at the front end of the transparent eyeball wall, and a receiving cavity is opened on a side of the transparent eyeball wall close to the transparent cornea; the iris and the ciliary body are arranged in the receiving cavity and connected to the transparent eyeball wall, and the iris divides the receiving cavity into a front cavity and a rear cavity, the front cavity is located on a side close to the transparent cornea, and the rear cavity is located on a side away from the transparent cornea; the liquid-swelling lens is arranged in the rear cavity, and the liquid-swelling lens can be tightly pressed against the iris after expansion; a first liquid injection port is opened on the transparent eyeball wall, and the first liquid injection port is communicated with the rear cavity. The eyeball model is provided with the first liquid injection port on the transparent eyeball wall, so that liquid can be injected into the posterior cavity, thereby causing the iris to move forward, and the liquid-swelling lens absorbs liquid and expands, allowing the liquid-swelling lens to squeeze the iris, which can further cause the iris to move forward, so as to intuitively simulate the narrowing or closure of the anterior chamber angle, so that the subject can more clearly and fully understand the occurrence mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of normal aqueous humor flow in the eye; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an eyeball model provided by an embodiment; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an eyeball model provided in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed on", "installed on" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or indirectly set on the other component; when a component is "connected" to another component, or a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0023] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0024] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, "multiple" and "several" mean two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0025] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application.

[0026] The invention provides an eyeball model, which comprises a transparent eyeball wall, an iris, a ciliary body and a liquid-swelling lens; a transparent cornea is arranged at the front end of the transparent eyeball wall, and a receiving cavity is opened on a side of the transparent eyeball wall close to the transparent cornea; the iris and the ciliary body are arranged in the receiving cavity and connected to the transparent eyeball wall, and the iris divides the receiving cavity into a front cavity and a rear cavity, the front cavity is located on a side close to the transparent cornea, and the rear cavity is located on a side away from the transparent cornea; the liquid-swelling lens is arranged in the rear cavity, and the liquid-swelling lens can be tightly pressed against the iris after expansion; a first liquid injection port is opened on the transparent eyeball wall, and the first liquid injection port is communicated with the rear cavity. The eyeball model is provided with the first liquid injection port on the transparent eyeball wall, so that liquid can be injected into the posterior cavity, thereby causing the iris to move forward, and the liquid-swelling lens absorbs liquid and expands, allowing the liquid-swelling lens to squeeze the iris, which can further cause the iris to move forward, so as to intuitively simulate the narrowing or closure of the anterior chamber angle, so that the subject can more clearly and fully understand the occurrence mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, an eyeball model 100 is provided, which is mainly used to simulate and display the mechanism of eye diseases, so that the subject can understand the mechanism of eye diseases more clearly and intuitively. Specifically, in one embodiment, the eyeball model 100 is mainly used to simulate and display the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma, so that the subject can understand the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma more clearly and intuitively.

[0028] The eyeball model 100 includes a transparent eyeball wall 10, an iris 20, a ciliary body 30, and a liquid-absorbing and swellable lens 40. A transparent cornea 50 is provided at the front end of the transparent eyeball wall 10, and a receiving cavity 11 is provided on one side of the transparent eyeball wall 10 close to the transparent cornea 50. The transparent eyeball wall 10 and the transparent cornea 50 refer to eyeball walls and corneas made of transparent materials, so that the structures inside the transparent eyeball wall 10 and the transparent cornea 50 can be intuitively seen from the outside. The liquid-absorbing and swellable lens 40 refers to a lens made of a material that expands when absorbing liquid.

[0029] The iris 20 and the ciliary body 30 are arranged in the accommodating cavity 11, and the iris 20 and the ciliary body 30 are connected to the transparent eyeball wall 10. The iris 20 divides the accommodating cavity 11 into a front cavity 111 and a rear cavity 112, wherein the front cavity 111 is located on a side close to the transparent cornea 50, and the rear cavity 112 is located on a side away from the transparent cornea 50, thereby simulating an anterior chamber and a posterior chamber.

[0030] The liquid-absorbing and swelling lens 40 is disposed in the rear cavity 112, and after swelling, the liquid-absorbing and swelling lens 40 can closely squeeze the iris 20. A first liquid injection port 12 is provided on the transparent eyeball wall 10, and the first liquid injection port 12 is communicated with the rear cavity 112.

[0031] The eyeball model 100 is provided with the first liquid injection port 12 on the transparent eyeball wall 10, and is provided with the liquid absorption and expansion lens 40, so that liquid can be injected into the posterior cavity 112 through the first liquid injection port 12 to move the iris 20 forward and narrow the anterior chamber angle until the angle is closed; and the liquid absorption and expansion lens 40 will also absorb liquid and expand, and the expanded liquid absorption and expansion lens 40 will occupy more space in the posterior cavity 112, so that it will be close to the iris 20, and hinder the liquid in the posterior cavity 112 from flowing into the anterior cavity 111. At the same time, the liquid absorption and expansion lens 40 will also squeeze the iris 20, so that the iris 20 moves further forward, and the anterior chamber angle is narrowed until the angle is closed, so as to simulate and demonstrate the occurrence mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma caused by increased intraocular pressure.

[0032] It is understandable that the aqueous humor circulation pathway of the eye is generated by the ciliary body, flows into the anterior chamber through the posterior chamber and pupil, and is drained into the Schlemm's canal in the anterior chamber angle through the anterior chamber angle and enters the ophthalmic vein. The eyeball model 100 provided in this embodiment can manually demonstrate blocking the aqueous humor circulation pathway, achieving lens expansion, iris forward movement (narrowing the anterior chamber angle to the angle closure, resulting in the inability of the aqueous humor to drain into the Schlemm's canal in the anterior chamber angle), and pupillary block (the front surface of the lens is attached to the back surface of the iris, blocking the aqueous humor in the posterior chamber from flowing into the anterior chamber through the pupil area), which ultimately leads to increased intraocular pressure and the onset of acute angle-closure glaucoma.

[0033] In the prior art, when explaining the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma, it is usually explained through pictures or verbal descriptions, which are not intuitive and clear enough. When the subjects do not have a good understanding of the eye structure, it will affect the effect of the explanation, resulting in the subjects not being able to clearly and fully understand the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma. For example, when medical staff explain the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma to patients (patients' families), only pictures or verbal descriptions will make it difficult for patients (patients' families) to understand, and the preoperative explanation effect is limited, which is prone to communication barriers before the operation, thereby causing postoperative disputes; in the teaching process, because students have only a superficial understanding of eye anatomy, the teaching teacher only explains through pictures or verbal descriptions, which is easy to make students fail to fully understand the teaching content, resulting in poor teaching results.

[0034] The eyeball model 100 provided in this embodiment can better assist medical staff, teaching teachers and other people in explaining the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma. By adopting a model structure combined with language, the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma can be demonstrated more clearly and intuitively, so that the subjects can have a clearer and fuller understanding of acute angle-closure glaucoma, thereby reducing the probability of medical disputes and improving teaching effectiveness.

[0035] Among them, the first liquid injection port 12 can also serve as a liquid suction port, so that the eyeball model 100 can be recycled. For example, after the demonstration is completed, the liquid extraction device can extend into the rear cavity 112 through the first liquid injection port 12 to extract the liquid in the rear cavity 112. At the same time, the liquid extraction device can also contact the liquid absorption and expansion lens 40 to suck out the liquid in the liquid absorption and expansion lens 10, so that the volume of the liquid absorption and expansion lens 10 is reduced, so that the liquid absorption and expansion lens 10 is restored, and the iris 20 is reset, so that it can be recycled for the next time. Of course, in other embodiments, it can also be that: the transparent eyeball wall 10 is divided into multiple parts, and the part surrounding the accommodating cavity 11 is a detachable structure. After the demonstration is completed, the transparent eyeball wall 10 can be disassembled, so that the water absorption and expansion lens 40 can be taken out, and the water absorption and expansion lens 40 can be restored by manual dehydration, so that it can be recycled for the second time.

[0036] Among them, each component in the eyeball model 100 can be colored with different special dyes, so that the components can be distinguished more intuitively and facilitate explanation.

[0037] Specifically, the materials used for the components in the eyeball model 100 can be selected according to actual needs, such as rubber, plastic, acrylic, etc.

[0038] Preferably, in one embodiment, the material of the liquid-absorbing swelling lens 40 is a water-absorbing swelling rubber composite material, which involves nano-composite material technology. The water-absorbing swelling rubber includes a water-absorbing swelling rubber matrix and a mesoporous molecular sieve, and the mesoporous molecular sieve is evenly dispersed in the water-absorbing swelling rubber matrix, thereby obtaining a water-absorbing swelling rubber composite material product. In addition, a hydrophilic group or a hydrophilic component can be introduced into the water-absorbing swelling rubber matrix, so that the liquid-absorbing swelling lens 40 can expand to several times or even hundreds of times its own mass or volume after absorbing water, and generate a large expansion pressure. The material characteristics of the water-absorbing swelling rubber composite material are strong chemical stability, high water absorption expansion rate, high strength, durability and reusability, which can overcome the shortcomings of existing water-absorbing swelling rubbers.

[0039] Preferably, in one embodiment, a connecting wire bundle may be provided at the edge of the liquid-absorbing and swelling lens 40 to connect with the ciliary body 30 , so as to stabilize the position of the liquid-absorbing and swelling lens 40 in the posterior cavity 112 .

[0040] Specifically, in one embodiment, a vitreous body may be further provided in the transparent eyeball wall 10 .

[0041] Preferably, in one embodiment, the iris 20 is an elastic iris, that is, the iris 20 is made of elastic material and has certain deformation and recovery capabilities. The eyeball model 100 also includes a guide wire 60, one end of which is connected to the iris 20, and the other end passes through the transparent eyeball wall 10. Through the setting of the guide wire 60, the guide wire 60 can be pulled externally, thereby shortening the iris 60, causing the iris 60 to form wrinkles, thereby simulating pupil dilation, segmental iris atrophy, and narrowing or closing of the anterior chamber angle.

[0042] More preferably, in one embodiment, a fixed point is provided at the inner end of the iris 20, and one end of the guide wire 60 is connected to the fixed point, so that when force is applied to pull the guide wire 60, the guide wire 60 can drive the iris 20 to move toward the edge from the inner end of the iris 20, so that the iris 60 can form folds more stably, simulating segmental iris atrophy.

[0043] Specifically, in one embodiment, the iris 20 may be made of rubber.

[0044] Preferably, in one embodiment, the eyeball model 100 further includes a buckle 70, and the buckle 70 is arranged on the guide wire 60 and is located outside the transparent eyeball wall 10. That is, the buckle 70 is arranged on the portion of the guide wire 60 located outside the transparent eyeball wall 10. The arrangement of the buckle 70 makes it easier for the operator to apply force to the guide wire 60, and makes it easier for the operator to pull the guide wire 60, thereby reducing the difficulty of operation. In addition, the arrangement of the buckle 70 can also limit the portion of the guide wire 60 located outside the transparent eyeball wall 10, so as to prevent the guide wire 60 from completely entering the transparent eyeball wall 10.

[0045] Preferably, in one embodiment, the eyeball model 100 further includes a first simulation member 80, the first simulation member 80 is located in the anterior cavity 111, and the first simulation member 80 is attached to the transparent cornea 50. The first simulation member 80 is a hollow structure, that is, the first simulation member 80 has a cavity inside, which can accommodate a medium. A second liquid injection port 13 is also provided on the transparent eyeball wall 10, and the second liquid injection port 13 is connected to the internal cavity of the first simulation member 80, so that liquid medium can be injected into the first simulation member 80 through the second liquid injection port 13. The first simulation member 80 is mainly used to simulate posterior corneal deposits (i.e., posterior corneal KP), and liquid is injected into the first simulation member 80 through the second liquid injection port 13, so as to simulate the occurrence of posterior corneal deposits.

[0046] Preferably, in one embodiment, the first simulation member 80 may be colored, so that when used, the posterior corneal deposits can be more intuitively displayed to the person receiving the instruction. Alternatively, the injected liquid may be a liquid with a special color, so that the posterior corneal deposits can be more intuitively displayed to the person receiving the instruction.

[0047] The second liquid injection port 13 can also serve as a liquid suction port, so that the eyeball model 100 can be recycled. For example, after the demonstration is completed, the liquid extraction device can extract the liquid in the first simulation member 80 through the second liquid injection port 13.

[0048] Preferably, in one embodiment, the first simulation member 80 includes a first simulation bead 81 and a first connecting conduit 82, wherein a first cavity is provided in the first simulation bead 81, and a first connecting channel is provided in the first connecting conduit 82. That is, the first simulation bead 81 and the first connecting conduit 82 are both hollow structures, and liquid medium can flow into the first simulation bead 81 and the first connecting conduit 82. There are a plurality of the first simulation beads 81, and two adjacent first simulation beads 81 are connected by the first connecting conduit 82, and the first connecting channel connects the first cavities of two adjacent first simulation beads 81. The first connecting conduit 82 is mainly used to connect and conduct the first simulation beads 81, so that the liquid medium can flow smoothly into the first simulation beads 81. That is to say, there are also a plurality of the first connecting conduits 82, and the first simulation beads 81 are connected in series through the first connecting conduits 82, so that the liquid medium can flow into the first simulation beads 81 in sequence. This structure can simulate pigment particles more realistically, allowing the person being shown to understand the posterior corneal deposits more intuitively. Specifically, the second liquid injection port 13 can be connected to the first connecting conduit 82 or the first simulated bead 81 located at the outermost side, so that the liquid medium can be injected into the first connecting conduit 82 or the first simulated bead 81 located at the outermost side, thereby allowing the liquid medium to gradually flow into each of the first simulated beads 81.

[0049] Specifically, in one embodiment, the first connecting conduit 82 is a hollow linear conduit. Specifically, in one embodiment, the first cavity in the first simulation bead 81 is a spherical cavity.

[0050] Preferably, in one embodiment, the eyeball model 100 further includes a second simulation part 90, and the second simulation part 90 is attached to the anterior capsule of the liquid-absorbing and swelling lens 40. The second simulation part 90 is a hollow structure, that is, the second simulation part 90 has a cavity inside, which can accommodate a medium. A third liquid injection port 14 is also provided on the transparent eyeball wall 10, and the third liquid injection port 14 is connected to the internal cavity of the second simulation part 90, so that liquid medium can be injected into the second simulation part 90 through the third liquid injection port 14. The second simulation part 90 is mainly used to simulate the glaucoma spots of the lens, and liquid is injected into the second simulation part 90 through the third liquid injection port 43, so as to simulate the occurrence of glaucoma spots.

[0051] Specifically, in one embodiment, the second simulation member 90 is disposed in the lower middle portion of the anterior capsule of the water-swellable lens 40 .

[0052] Preferably, in one embodiment, the second simulation member 90 may be colored, so that when used, the posterior corneal deposits can be more intuitively displayed to the person receiving the instruction. Alternatively, the injected liquid may be a liquid with a special color, so as to more intuitively display the glaucoma spots to the person receiving the instruction.

[0053] The third liquid injection port 14 can also serve as a liquid suction port, so that the eyeball model 100 can be recycled. For example, after the demonstration is completed, the liquid extraction device can extract the liquid in the second simulation member 90 through the third liquid injection port 14.

[0054] Preferably, in one embodiment, the second simulation member 90 includes a spot simulation member 91, a second simulation bead 92 and a second connecting conduit 93. The spot simulation member 91 is a sheet-like structure, and a first chamber is provided in the spot simulation member 91, a second chamber is provided in the second simulation bead 92, and a second connecting channel is provided in the second connecting conduit 93, that is, the spot simulation member 91, the second simulation bead 92 and the second connecting conduit 93 are all hollow structures, and liquid medium can flow into the spot simulation member 91, the second simulation bead 92 and the second connecting conduit 93. The spot simulation member 91 and the second simulation bead 92 are connected by the second connecting conduit 93, and the second connecting channel connects the first chamber with the second chamber. The second connecting conduit 93 is mainly used to connect and conduct the spot simulation member 91 and the second simulation bead 92, so that the liquid medium can flow smoothly into the spot simulation member 91 and the second simulation bead 92. The spot simulation member 91 is mainly used to simulate sheet-like spots, and the second simulation bead 92 is mainly used to simulate dot-like spots. This structure can simulate glaucomatous spots more realistically, allowing the subjects to understand glaucomatous spots more intuitively.

[0055] More preferably, in one embodiment, the second simulated beads 92 are provided in plurality, and two adjacent second simulated beads 92 are connected by the second connecting conduit 93, and the second connecting channel connects the second chambers of two adjacent second simulated beads 92. That is, the second connecting conduit 93 is also used to connect and conduct each of the second simulated beads 92, so that the liquid medium can smoothly flow into each of the second simulated beads 92. That is, the second connecting conduit 93 is also provided in plurality, and each of the second simulated beads 92 and the spot simulated member 91 is connected in series through the second connecting conduit 93, so that the liquid medium can flow into each of the second simulated beads 92 and the spot simulated member 91 in sequence. Specifically, the third liquid injection port 14 can be connected to the second connecting duct 93 or the second simulated bead 92 located at the outermost side, so that the liquid medium can be injected into the second connecting duct 93 or the second simulated bead 92 located at the outermost side, thereby allowing the liquid medium to gradually flow into each second simulated bead 92 and the spot simulation part 91.

[0056] Specifically, in one embodiment, the second connecting conduit 93 is a hollow linear conduit. Specifically, in one embodiment, the second chamber in the second simulation bead 92 is a spherical chamber. Specifically, in one embodiment, the first chamber in the spot simulation member 91 is a flat sheet structure.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 3 Preferably, in one embodiment, a supporting member 15 is provided on the outside of the transparent eyeball wall 10. The eyeball model 100 further includes a bracket 200, and the bracket 200 is used to support the supporting member 15. The arrangement of the bracket 200 can facilitate the placement and support of the entire component, thereby preventing the transparent eyeball wall 10 from being accidentally damaged.

[0058] Specifically, in one embodiment, the bracket 200 includes a base 210 and a bracket body 220 disposed on the base 210, and support parts 2201 are disposed at both ends of the bracket body 220, and the supporting member 15 is supported by the two support parts 2201 to ensure the stability of the transparent eyeball wall 10.

[0059] Specifically, in one embodiment, the iris 20 and the ciliary body 30 are red, the liquid-swelling lens 40 is white, and the other components are colorless and transparent. When the eyeball model 100 is demonstrated, the injected liquid is light yellow water.

[0060] The eyeball model 100 is made to simulate the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma, and is provided with three water injection ports to simulate and demonstrate aqueous humor obstruction, increased intraocular pressure, posterior corneal deposits, and glaucoma spots. It has strong simulation, can realize on-site operation, is highly intuitive, has good visual communication effect, is easy to understand, and greatly improves the teaching effect. It is also easy to carry and simple to use.

[0061] At the same time, in one embodiment, a demonstration method for the occurrence mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma is also provided, specifically a manual demonstration method, and the demonstration method for the occurrence mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma comprises the following steps: S1, providing the eyeball model 100; S2. Liquid is injected into the rear cavity 112 through the first liquid injection port 12 to expand the liquid-absorbing and swelling lens 40, and the iris 20 is pressed and moves forward, so that the edge of the anterior chamber angle is narrowed.

[0062] After liquid is injected into the posterior cavity 112 through the first liquid injection port 12, the liquid-absorbing and swollen lens 40 absorbs liquid to expand, thereby increasing the volume of the liquid-absorbing and swollen lens 40, so that the volume of the liquid-absorbing and swollen lens 40 gradually increases and adheres closely to the iris 20. As the volume of the liquid-absorbing and swollen lens 40 further increases, it squeezes the iris 20, causing the iris 20 to move further forward (narrowing the anterior chamber angle until the angle is closed, resulting in the inability of aqueous humor to drain into the Schlemm's canal in the anterior chamber angle), pupil block (the front surface of the liquid-absorbing and swollen lens 40 further adheres closely to the rear surface of the iris 20, blocking the aqueous humor in the posterior chamber from flowing into the anterior chamber through the pupil area), and increased intraocular pressure.

[0063] Preferably, in one embodiment, the method for demonstrating the occurrence mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma further comprises the following steps: S3, pulling the guide wire 60 to shorten the iris 20 and form wrinkles on the iris 20, thereby achieving pupil dilation, simulating segmental iris atrophy, closing the anterior chamber angle, and continuously increasing intraocular pressure.

[0064] S4, injecting liquid into the first simulation member 80 through the second liquid injection port 13, so as to simulate the appearance of posterior corneal deposits.

[0065] S5, injecting liquid into the second simulation member 90 through the third liquid injection port 14, thereby simulating the appearance of glaucoma spots.

[0066] The above description is only an implementation mode of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, improvements can be made without departing from the creative concept of the present invention, but these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An eyeball model, characterized in that: Includes the transparent eyeball wall, iris, ciliary body, and fluid-swelling lens; A transparent cornea is arranged at the front end of the transparent eyeball wall, and a receiving cavity is opened on one side of the transparent eyeball wall close to the transparent cornea; The iris and the ciliary body are arranged in the accommodating cavity and connected to the transparent eyeball wall, and the iris divides the accommodating cavity into a front cavity and a rear cavity, wherein the front cavity is located on a side close to the transparent cornea, and the rear cavity is located on a side away from the transparent cornea; The liquid-absorbing and expanding lens is arranged in the posterior cavity, and after the liquid-absorbing and expanding lens expands, it can closely press the iris; A first liquid injection port is provided on the transparent eyeball wall, and the first liquid injection port is communicated with the rear cavity.

2. The eyeball model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The iris is an elastic iris; The eyeball model also includes a guide wire, one end of which is connected to the iris, and the other end of which passes through the transparent eyeball wall.

3. The eyeball model according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a buckle, which is arranged on the guide wire and located outside the transparent eyeball wall.

4. The eyeball model according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a first simulation piece, which is located in the anterior chamber and attached to the transparent cornea; The first simulation member is a hollow structure; A second liquid injection port is also provided on the transparent eyeball wall, and the second liquid injection port is communicated with the internal cavity of the first simulation component.

5. The eyeball model according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first simulation member includes a first simulation bead and a first connecting conduit; A first cavity is defined in the first simulated bead, and a plurality of the first simulated beads are provided, and two adjacent first simulated beads are connected via the first connecting conduit; A first connecting channel is provided in the first connecting conduit, and the first connecting channel connects the first cavities of two adjacent first simulation beads.

6. The eyeball model according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a second simulation member, wherein the second simulation member is attached to the anterior capsule of the liquid-swellable lens; The second simulation member is a hollow structure; A third liquid injection port is also provided on the transparent eyeball wall, and the third liquid injection port is communicated with the internal cavity of the second simulation component.

7. The eyeball model according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second simulation member includes a plaque simulation member, a second simulation bead and a second connecting conduit; The spot simulation piece is in a sheet-like structure, and a first chamber is opened in the spot simulation piece, and a second chamber is opened in the second simulation bead; The spot simulation member and the second simulation bead are connected via the second connection conduit, and a second connection channel is provided in the second connection conduit, and the second connection channel connects the first chamber with the second chamber.

8. The eyeball model according to claim 1, characterized in that: A supporting member is arranged outside the transparent eyeball wall; The eyeball model also includes a bracket, which is used to support the supporting member.

9. A method for demonstrating the mechanism of acute angle-closure glaucoma, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. providing an eyeball model as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8; S2. Injecting liquid into the posterior cavity through the first liquid injection port to expand the liquid-swelling lens, and the iris moves forward under pressure to narrow the anterior chamber angle.

10. The method for demonstrating the mechanism of occurrence of acute angle-closure glaucoma according to claim 9, characterized in that: S2 also includes the following steps: S3, pulling the guide wire to shorten the iris so that the iris forms wrinkles; S4, injecting liquid into the first simulation component through the second liquid injection port; S5. Inject liquid into the second simulation component through the third liquid injection port.

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