Dual-polarized complementary millimeter wave antenna

Abstract

The application discloses a dual-polarization complementary millimeter wave antenna and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication. The antenna comprises, from top to bottom, a first dielectric layer, a second adhesive layer, a third dielectric layer, a fourth adhesive layer, a fifth dielectric layer, a sixth adhesive layer and a seventh dielectric layer. The upper surface of the first dielectric layer is provided with a metal patch which is symmetric about the center and in the shape of a butterfly. The metal patch comprises a trapezoidal dipole structure and a square ring structure. The trapezoidal dipole structure comprises two trapezoidal patches. The long edges of the two trapezoidal patches respectively lead out a first antenna feed line and a second antenna feed line, thereby forming a differential feed network. The upper surface of the fifth dielectric layer is an antenna reference ground, and an H-shaped slot is arranged at the center of the upper surface. The lower surface of the fifth dielectric layer is a third antenna feed line. The lower surface of the seventh dielectric layer is a feed line reference ground. The fifth dielectric layer is provided with an array structure composed of a plurality of short-circuit metal columns. The upper end of the array structure composed of the short-circuit metal columns is connected to the antenna reference ground, and the lower end is connected to the feed line reference ground.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wireless communication technology, specifically relating to a dual-polarization complementary millimeter-wave antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of 5G communication technology, millimeter-wave communication has attracted widespread attention due to its high-speed data transmission capabilities and broadband characteristics. Planar complementary antennas composed of dipoles and loop antennas possess excellent characteristics such as broadband and flat gain. However, this antenna uses a coplanar waveguide-excited dipole antenna, which disrupts the symmetry of the antenna radiation pattern, reduces the stability of the input impedance, and can only transmit and receive electromagnetic waves of a single polarization. Nowadays, both high-end wireless communication and military and radar systems place higher demands on data transmission rates, reliability, and signal anti-interference capabilities. In numerous buildings and complex electromagnetic environments, single-polarized signals are easily absorbed and reflected by objects such as walls and trees during transmission, causing changes in polarization direction and resulting in signal amplitude fading, time delay spread, Doppler effects, and other phenomena, leading to decreased system reliability. Furthermore, single-polarized antennas can only receive electromagnetic waves in a specific direction and have weak multipath processing capabilities, which may also lead to signal attenuation and interference problems. Therefore, a dual-polarization complementary millimeter-wave antenna is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a dual-polarization complementary millimeter-wave antenna, which solves the problems in the prior art.

[0004] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A dual-polarization complementary millimeter-wave antenna comprises, from top to bottom: a first dielectric layer, a second adhesive layer, a third dielectric layer, a fourth adhesive layer, a fifth dielectric layer, a sixth adhesive layer, and a seventh dielectric layer;

[0006] The upper surface of the first dielectric layer is provided with a centrally symmetrical, butterfly-shaped metal patch. The metal patch includes a trapezoidal dipole structure and a square ring structure. The trapezoidal dipole structure includes two trapezoidal patches, and the square ring structure includes two square rings. The long sides of the two trapezoidal patches lead out to the edge of the first dielectric layer respectively to the first antenna feed line and the second antenna feed line, forming a differential feed network.

[0007] The upper surface of the fifth dielectric layer is the antenna reference ground, with an H-shaped slot at its center. The lower surface of the fifth dielectric layer is the feed line of the third antenna. The lower surface of the seventh dielectric layer is the feed line reference ground. An array structure composed of multiple short-circuited metal pillars is set on the fifth dielectric layer. The upper end of the array structure composed of short-circuited metal pillars is connected to the antenna reference ground, and the lower end is connected to the feed line reference ground.

[0008] Further, the distance between the lower bases of the two trapezoidal patches is 1 wavelength of the medium g Further, the total length of the two square rings in the square ring structure is 1 free wavelength λ0, and the trapezoidal dipole and the square ring form a closed structure.

[0009] Further, the H-shaped slot is perpendicular to the third antenna feed line, and the H-shaped slot is perpendicular to the short straight side of the trapezoidal dipole structure.

[0010] Further, the center of the metal patch, the H-shaped slot, and the array structure composed of short-circuit metal columns coincide.

[0011] Further, the center lines of the widths of the first antenna feed line and the second antenna feed line coincide with the center line of the long straight side of the trapezoidal dipole structure.

[0012] Further, the first dielectric layer, the third dielectric layer, the fifth dielectric layer, and the seventh dielectric layer adopt a substrate with a dielectric constant of 3.66 and a loss tangent of 0.004, and a thickness of 101um.

[0013] The second bonding layer, the fourth bonding layer, and the sixth bonding layer adopt a plate material with a dielectric constant of 3.52 and a loss tangent of 0.004, and a thickness of 202um.

[0014] Further, in the trapezoidal dipole structure, the length of the upper base of the trapezoidal patch is 1.3mm, the length of the lower base is 1.8mm, and the height is 1.23mm, and the distance between the upper bases of the two trapezoidal patches in the trapezoidal dipole structure is 0.44mm.

[0015] In the square ring structure, the side length of the square ring is 1.15mm, the outward expanding width is 0.08mm, and an isosceles right triangle with a side length of 0.06mm is cut off at each corner position.

[0016] Further, a pair of parallel microstrip lines with a width of 0.08mm and a length of 0.175mm are provided at the connection between the trapezoidal dipole structure and the square ring structure.

[0017] Further, the length of the horizontal slot of the H-shaped slot is 1.1mm, the width is 0.2mm, the length of the vertical slot on both sides of the horizontal slot is 0.9mm, and the width is 0.3mm.

[0018] Further, the diameter of the short-circuit metal column is not greater than λ0 / 10, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent short-circuit metal columns is not greater than twice the diameter of the short-circuit metal column.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0020] 1. The dual-polarized complementary millimeter wave antenna of the application realizes the function of dual polarization through reasonable structural design and dielectric layer stacking, and has the characteristics of wide band and high isolation. The antenna is suitable for wireless communication systems in the millimeter wave frequency band and has a wide application prospect.

[0021] 2. The dual-polarized complementary millimeter wave antenna of the application uses a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity composed of a short-circuit metal column to improve the problem of excessive backward radiation when the H-shaped slot is coupled and fed, thereby effectively expanding the -10dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna and improving the in-band gain of the antenna.

[0022] 3. The dual-polarized complementary millimeter wave antenna of the application combines slot feed and coaxial feed, realizes dual polarization, and has a polarization isolation of more than 35dB in the horizontal and vertical directions, ensuring the reliability and stability of communication.

[0023] 4. The dual-polarized complementary millimeter wave antenna of the application uses a closed loop antenna composed of a trapezoidal dipole and a square ring to realize the characteristics of wideband antenna while meeting the gain flatness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description, and obviously, other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the dual-polarized complementary millimeter wave antenna in the application;

[0026] Figure 2 is a top view of the structure of the dual-polarized complementary millimeter wave antenna in the application;

[0027] Figure 3 is a side view of the structure of the dual-polarized complementary millimeter wave antenna in the application;

[0028] Figure 4 is a simulation result diagram of the return loss of the dual-polarized complementary millimeter wave antenna in the application in two polarization directions;

[0029] Figure 5 is a simulation result diagram of the isolation of the dual-polarized complementary millimeter wave antenna in the application in two polarization ports;

[0030] Figure 6 is a simulation result diagram of the current distribution of the dual-polarized complementary millimeter wave antenna in the application in two polarization directions at the center frequency;

[0031] Figure 7This is the radiation pattern of the dual-polarization complementary millimeter-wave antenna in the two polarization directions of the present invention;

[0032] In the diagram: 1-First dielectric layer, 2-Second adhesive layer, 3-Third dielectric layer, 4-Fourth adhesive layer, 5-Antenna reference ground, 6-Fifth dielectric layer, 7-Sixth adhesive layer, 8-Seventh dielectric layer, 9-Feeder reference ground, 10-First antenna feeder, 11-Metal patch, 12-Second antenna feeder, 13-H-shaped slot, 14-Short-circuit metal post, 15-Third antenna feeder. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a dual-polarization complementary millimeter-wave antenna comprises, from top to bottom: a first dielectric layer 1, a second adhesive layer 2, a third dielectric layer 3, a fourth adhesive layer 4, a fifth dielectric layer 6, a sixth adhesive layer 7, and a seventh dielectric layer 8.

[0035] The upper surface of the first dielectric layer 1 is provided with a centrally symmetrical and butterfly-shaped metal patch 11. The metal patch 11 includes a trapezoidal dipole structure and a square ring structure. The trapezoidal dipole structure includes two trapezoidal patches, and the square ring structure includes two square rings.

[0036] In the trapezoidal dipole structure, the two long sides of the trapezoids lead to the edge of the first dielectric layer 1, respectively, to form the first antenna feed line 10 and the second antenna feed line 12, which constitute a differential feed network to realize the energy coupling feed in the horizontal direction of the antenna; the trapezoidal dipole structure and the square ring structure form a closed structure to realize a centrally symmetrical complementary antenna.

[0037] The distance between the bottom edges of the two trapezoidal patches is one dielectric wavelength λ. g The total length of the two square rings in the square ring structure is one free wavelength λ0. The trapezoidal dipole and the square rings form a closed structure, realizing a centrally symmetrical complementary antenna.

[0038] The upper surface of the fifth dielectric layer 6 is the antenna reference ground 5, and an H-shaped slot 13 is opened at its center to realize the vertical energy coupling feed line. The lower surface of the fifth dielectric layer 6 is the third antenna feed line 15. The H-shaped slot 13 is perpendicular to the third antenna feed line 15 and also perpendicular to the short side of the trapezoidal dipole structure in the metal patch 11.

[0039] The lower surface of the seventh dielectric layer 8 is the feed line reference ground 9; the fifth dielectric layer 6 is provided with an array structure composed of a plurality of short-circuit metal columns 14, the upper end of the array structure composed of the short-circuit metal columns 14 is connected to the antenna reference ground 5, and the lower end is connected to the feed line reference ground 9.

[0040] The centers of the array structure composed of the metal patch 11, the H-shaped slot 13, and the short-circuit metal column 14 coincide, and the center lines of the widths of the first antenna feed line 10 and the second antenna feed line 10 coincide with the center lines of the long sides of the trapezoidal dipole structure.

[0041] In the present embodiment, the first dielectric layer 1, the third dielectric layer 3, the fifth dielectric layer 6, and the seventh dielectric layer 8 adopt a substrate with a dielectric constant of 3.66 and a loss tangent of 0.004, and the thickness is set to 101 um; the second adhesive layer 2, the fourth adhesive layer 4, and the sixth adhesive layer 7 adopt a plate material with a dielectric constant of 3.52 and a loss tangent of 0.004, and the thickness is set to 202 um.

[0042] In the present embodiment, for the trapezoidal dipole structure, the upper base length of the trapezoidal patch is 1.3 mm, the lower base length is 1.8 mm, the height is 1.23 mm, and the distance between the upper bases of the two trapezoidal patches is 0.44 mm.

[0043] For the square ring structure, the square side length of the square ring is 1.15 mm, the outward expansion width is 0.08 mm, and an isosceles right triangle with a side length of 0.06 mm is cut off at each corner position to reduce the width of the microstrip line at the corner and thus increase the characteristic impedance at the right-angle corner and reduce the discontinuity effect at the corner.

[0044] A pair of parallel microstrip lines with a width of 0.08 mm and a length of 0.175 mm are provided at the connection between the trapezoidal dipole structure and the square ring structure to improve the return loss and antenna radiation performance.

[0045] In the present embodiment, the length of the horizontal slot of the H-shaped slot 13 is 1.1 mm, and the width is 0.2 mm; the length of the vertical slot on both sides of the horizontal slot is 0.9 mm, and the width is 0.3 mm.

[0046] In the present embodiment, the diameter of the short-circuit metal column 14 is 0.2 mm to meet the requirement of not greater than λ0 / 10 (λ0 is the free wavelength), and the distance between the centers of two adjacent short-circuit metal columns 14 is 0.3 mm, which is not greater than twice the diameter of the short-circuit metal column 14. The array structure composed of the short-circuit metal columns 14 serves as a vertical wall of a planar cavity, and together with the antenna reference ground 5 and the feed line reference ground 9 forms a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity, which improves the problem of excessive backward radiation when the H-shaped slot 13 is coupled and fed, thus effectively expanding the antenna-10 dB impedance bandwidth and improving the in-band gain of the antenna.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a simulation result of the return loss of the butterfly antenna in two polarization directions. The simulation results show that the antenna has a -10dB impedance bandwidth of 7.81GHz (58.17GHz~65.98GHz) in the horizontal polarization direction, with a relative bandwidth of 13.03%; and a -10dB impedance bandwidth of 10.31GHz (55.72GHz~66.03GHz) in the vertical polarization direction, with a relative bandwidth of 17%. This indicates that the antenna can effectively radiate energy over a relatively wide frequency band in both polarization directions.

[0048] Figure 5 This is a simulation result of the polarization isolation of the butterfly antenna at its two polarization ports. The simulation results show that the antenna achieves an isolation greater than 35dB within its bandwidth, significantly reducing interference in both polarization directions. This helps improve communication quality and ensures the reliability and stability of the communication link in practical applications.

[0049] Figure 6 This is a simulation result diagram of the current distribution in the two polarization directions of the butterfly antenna at the center frequency. The simulation results show that: Figure 6 As shown in (a), in the horizontal polarization direction, the currents on the square ring of the antenna cancel each other out, and the currents generated at the long side of the trapezoidal dipole are in the same direction, radiating energy outward; as Figure 6 As shown in (b), in the vertical polarization direction, the currents on the trapezoidal dipoles of the antenna cancel each other out, and the currents generated from the square ring are in the same direction, radiating energy outward.

[0050] Figure 7 This shows the radiation patterns of the butterfly antenna at its center frequency with horizontal and vertical polarization. The simulation results show that: Figure 7 As shown in (a), the half-power beamwidth of the antenna in the E-plane is 26.59° in the horizontal polarization direction, and the half-power beamwidth in the H-plane is 104.9°; Figure 7 As shown in (b), the half-power beamwidth of the antenna in the E-plane is 42.54° and the half-power beamwidth in the H-plane is 79.93° in the vertical polarization direction. This means that the antenna has a wide coverage area in both the E-plane and the H-plane and exhibits significant symmetry.

[0051] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0052] The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the application. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the application to the exact construction and practice described. Accordingly, all such variations and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the application as defined in the following claims.

Claims

1. A dual-polarization complementary millimeter-wave antenna, characterized in that, From top to bottom, it includes: first dielectric layer (1), second adhesive layer (2), third dielectric layer (3), fourth adhesive layer (6), fifth dielectric layer (6), sixth adhesive layer (7), and seventh dielectric layer (8); The upper surface of the first dielectric layer (1) is provided with a centrally symmetrical and butterfly-shaped metal patch (11). The metal patch (11) includes a trapezoidal dipole structure and a square ring structure. The trapezoidal dipole structure includes two trapezoidal patches, and the square ring structure includes two square rings. The long sides of the two trapezoidal patches lead out to the edge of the first dielectric layer (1) respectively, forming a differential feed network. The upper surface of the fifth dielectric layer (6) is the antenna reference ground (5), and an H-shaped slot (13) is opened at its center. The lower surface of the fifth dielectric layer (6) is the third antenna feed line (15). The lower surface of the seventh dielectric layer (8) is the feed line reference ground (9). An array structure composed of multiple short-circuited metal pillars (14) is provided on the fifth dielectric layer (6). The upper end of the array structure composed of short-circuited metal pillars (14) is connected to the antenna reference ground (5), and the lower end is connected to the feed line reference ground (9).

2. The dual-polarization complementary millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the bottom bases of the two trapezoidal patches is one dielectric wavelength λ. g The total length of the two square rings in the square ring structure is one free wavelength λ0, and the trapezoidal dipole and the square rings form a closed structure.

3. The dual-polarization complementary millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The H-shaped slot (13) is perpendicular to the third antenna feed line (15), and the H-shaped slot (13) is perpendicular to the short straight side of the trapezoidal dipole structure.

4. The dual-polarization complementary millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centers of the metal patch (11), the H-shaped slit (13), and the array structure composed of short-circuited metal pillars (14) coincide.

5. A dual-polarization complementary millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The center lines of the widths of the first antenna feed line (10) and the second antenna feed line (12) coincide with the center line of the long straight side of the trapezoidal dipole structure.

6. A dual-polarization complementary millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dielectric layer (1), the third dielectric layer (3), the fifth dielectric layer (6), and the seventh dielectric layer (8) are made of a substrate with a dielectric constant of 3.66, a loss tangent of 0.004, and a thickness of 101 μm. The second adhesive layer (2), the fourth adhesive layer (4), and the sixth adhesive layer (7) are made of a plate with a dielectric constant of 3.52, a loss tangent of 0.004, and a thickness of 202 μm.

7. A dual-polarization complementary millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, In the trapezoidal dipole structure, the upper base of the trapezoidal patch has a length of 1.3 mm, the lower base has a length of 1.8 mm, and the height is 1.23 mm. The distance between the upper bases of the two trapezoidal patches in the trapezoidal dipole structure is 0.44 mm. In the square ring structure, the side length of the square ring is 1.15mm, the outward expansion width is 0.08mm, and isosceles right triangles with a side length of 0.06mm are cut off at the four corners.

8. A dual-polarization complementary millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, At the connection between the trapezoidal dipole structure and the square ring structure, there is a pair of parallel microstrip lines with a width of 0.08 mm and a length of 0.175 mm.

9. A dual-polarization complementary millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The length of the horizontal groove of the H-shaped slit (13) is 1.1 mm and the width is 0.2 mm. The length of the vertical grooves on both sides of the horizontal groove is 0.9 mm and the width is 0.3 mm.

10. A dual-polarization complementary millimeter-wave antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the short-circuit metal column (14) is no greater than λ0 / 10, and the distance between the centers of two adjacent short-circuit metal columns (14) is no greater than twice the diameter of the short-circuit metal column (14).

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