5G positioning method and device based on PCI matching

Abstract

The invention provides a 5G positioning method and device based on PCI matching, and the method and device are applied to the positioning of an outdoor scene, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining the communication parameters of a user, the communication parameters at least comprising a user physical cell identifier PCI; step S2, acquiring an offline fingerprint database, wherein the offline fingerprint database at least comprises a base station PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect); s3, searching the offline fingerprint database based on the user PCI, and obtaining matching data; s4, constructing a dynamic fingerprint database based on the matching data; and S5, fitting and calculating the position coordinates of the user based on the dynamic fingerprint database. The invention further comprises a corresponding positioning device. According to the 5G positioning method and device based on PCI matching provided by the invention, the positioning precision can be effectively improved, and the positioning error can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of positioning and navigation, and in particular to a 5G positioning method and device based on PCI matching. Background Art

[0002] RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power) is an important parameter used for positioning in wireless communications. RSRP represents the absolute value of the received signal strength and is an important indicator for measuring wireless networks. According to the transmit power of the reference signal, the propagation loss can be calculated to determine the distance from the base station. Therefore, in 5G networks, RSRP is often used to assist high-precision positioning. By measuring the signal strength and quality of the UE in different cells, the approximate location of the UE can be estimated.

[0003] However, if only RSRP is used as a positioning feature, the positioning accuracy will be greatly reduced due to the limited amount of information it provides. In addition, the 1dB step size mainly used in the prior art will also cause adjacent RSRP values ​​to be the same or very close, and the data differentiation is poor, which further affects the positioning accuracy and makes the positioning result error very large. For example, the fingerprint library data of the data location distribution in Beijing is about 1.8 million, and each data contains the RSRP data of the main base station and the neighboring base stations. A piece of RSRP test data is randomly selected from the collected Beijing data and compared with the fingerprint library data to obtain Figure 1 , the blue dots represent the location information of all data in the data, and the red dots represent the location information of other data that are the same as the test data. Figure 1 It can be seen that the values ​​of RSRP signals at a large number of locations are the same or very close, which makes it difficult to calculate the positioning position of the device based only on RSRP in the subsequent data processing stage. The average error exceeds 5km, and the highest even reaches 10km.

[0004] Based on the above, this application provides a technical solution to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the scenario where the method for achieving positioning through RSRP matching in the prior art has a large error, the present invention provides a 5G positioning method based on PCI matching, which is applied to positioning in outdoor scenarios, including the following steps:

[0006] Step S1, obtaining the user's communication parameters, wherein the communication parameters at least include the user's physical cell identifier PCI;

[0007] Step S2, obtaining an offline fingerprint database, wherein the offline fingerprint database at least includes a base station PCI;

[0008] Step S3: searching the offline fingerprint database based on the user PCI to obtain matching data;

[0009] Step S4, constructing a dynamic fingerprint library based on the matching data;

[0010] Step S5: Calculate the user's location coordinates based on the dynamic fingerprint library.

[0011] In a specific implementation of the present invention, the communication parameters and the offline fingerprint library further include reference signal received power RSRP.

[0012] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the step S3 further includes:

[0013] Step S3.1: Based on the user PCI, match the base station PCI in the offline fingerprint library to obtain the index index of the PCI matching data. PCI ;

[0014] Step S3.2: Based on the index PCI Match with the RSRP in the offline fingerprint library to obtain matching data.

[0015] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the step S3.2 includes: according to the index PCI , search the RSRP index in the offline fingerprint library RSRP , if index PCI =index RSRP , extract index RSRP The corresponding base station RSRP value.

[0016] In a specific implementation of the present invention, the set of base station RSRP values ​​is used as matching data, and a dynamic fingerprint library is constructed based on the matching data.

[0017] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the offline fingerprint library construction process includes: collecting data through crowdsourcing, collecting the longitude and latitude of the user's location, and the base station PCI and base station RSRP of the primary base station to which the user belongs, that is, the neighboring base station.

[0018] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, after acquiring the longitude and latitude of the user's location, as well as the base station PCI and base station RSRP of the main base station to which the user belongs, that is, the neighboring base station, it also includes: integrating the data of the offline fingerprint library, wherein the data integration includes cleaning the offline fingerprint library data and establishing a mapping relationship between the base station PCI and the RSRP of each base station.

[0019] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, step S5 comprises:

[0020] Based on one or more of the K nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm, the random forest regression algorithm, the vector machine regression algorithm, and the XGboost regression algorithm, regression calculation is performed on the dynamic fingerprint library data to fit and calculate the user's location coordinates.

[0021] The present invention also provides a 5G positioning device based on PCI matching, which is applied to positioning in outdoor scenes, including:

[0022] A communication parameter acquisition module, used to acquire the communication parameters of the user, wherein the communication parameters at least include the user physical cell identifier PCI;

[0023] An offline fingerprint library acquisition module, used to acquire an offline fingerprint library, wherein the offline fingerprint library at least includes a base station PCI;

[0024] A data matching module, wherein the data matching module searches the offline fingerprint library based on the user PCI to obtain matching data;

[0025] A dynamic fingerprint library construction module, wherein the dynamic fingerprint library construction module constructs a dynamic fingerprint library based on the matching data;

[0026] A calculation module is used to calculate the user's location coordinates based on the dynamic fingerprint library.

[0027] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the device further comprises:

[0028] The data matching module includes an index matching module;

[0029] The index matching module is used to: match the user PCI with the base station PCI in the offline fingerprint library to obtain the index index of the PCI matching data PCI ; According to the index PCI , search the RSRP index in the offline fingerprint library RSRP , if index PCI =index RSRP , extract index RSRP The corresponding base station RSRP value.

[0030] The present invention can bring at least one of the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a 5G positioning method based on PCI matching for outdoor positioning, first obtaining user communication parameters and an offline fingerprint library including a user physical cell identifier PCI and a base station PCI respectively, then searching the offline fingerprint library based on the user PCI, obtaining matching data in conjunction with RSRP data, and then constructing a dynamic fingerprint library based on index data to fit and calculate the user's positioning data. The positioning method and positioning device proposed in the present invention introduce the PCI of implicit positioning data, and through multi-feature matching, can determine the base station before RSRP positioning, and by further narrowing the area to be positioned, eliminates the influence of other base station data, avoids a large number of locations with the same RSRP values, and causes a large positioning error, thereby further improving the positioning accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The preferred implementation scheme will be described below in a clear and understandable manner with reference to the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and their implementation methods.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the situation where multiple points have the same RSRP values ​​when positioning is performed only by RSRP in the prior art;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of a 5G positioning method based on PCI matching in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of positioning results by using a 5G positioning method based on PCI matching in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 The CDF graph is obtained after fitting the test data using a 5G positioning method based on PCI matching in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a 5G positioning device based on PCI matching in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Various aspects of the present invention are described in further detail below.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined or indicated, all professional and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those familiar to those skilled in the art. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be applied to the present invention.

[0039] The following is an explanation of the terms.

[0040] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the "or" mentioned in the present invention includes the relationship of "and". The "and" is equivalent to the Boolean logic operator "AND", the "or" is equivalent to the Boolean logic operator "OR", and "AND" is a subset of "OR".

[0041] It is to be understood that although the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used herein to describe different elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. Therefore, the first element may be referred to as the second element without departing from the teachings of the present invention.

[0042] In the present invention, the terms "comprising", "including" or "comprising" indicate that various components can be applied together in the mixture or composition of the present invention. Therefore, the term "consisting mainly of..." is included in the terms "comprising", "including" or "comprising".

[0043] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" and "connection" in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, or it can be connected through an intermediary medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] For example, if an element (or component) is referred to as being on, coupled to, or connected to another element, the element may be directly formed on, coupled to, or connected to the other element, or there may be one or more intervening elements between them. In contrast, if the expressions "directly on," "directly coupled to," and "directly connected to" are used herein, then no intervening elements are indicated. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be similarly interpreted, such as "between" and "directly between," "attached" and "directly attached," "adjacent" and "directly adjacent," and the like.

[0045] It should also be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings. The words "inner" and "outer" used refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a particular component, respectively. It can be understood that these terms are used here to describe the relationship of one element, layer or region relative to another element, layer or region as shown in the drawings. In addition to the orientations described in the drawings, these terms should also include other orientations of the device.

[0046] Other aspects of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the disclosure herein.

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0048] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present application. The drawings only show the components related to the present application and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. The type, quantity and proportion of each component in actual implementation may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated. For example, the thickness of the components in the drawings may be exaggerated for the sake of clarity.

[0049] Embodiment 1

[0050] For scenarios where the error of the method for achieving positioning through RSRP matching in the prior art is extremely large, see Figure 2 The present invention provides a 5G positioning method based on PCI matching, which is applied to positioning in outdoor scenes and includes the following steps:

[0051] Step S1, obtaining the user's communication parameters, wherein the communication parameters at least include the user's physical cell identifier PCI;

[0052] Step S2, obtaining an offline fingerprint database, wherein the offline fingerprint database at least includes a base station PCI;

[0053] Step S3: searching the offline fingerprint database based on the user PCI to obtain matching data;

[0054] Step S4, constructing a dynamic fingerprint library based on the matching data;

[0055] Step S5: Calculate the user's location coordinates based on the dynamic fingerprint library.

[0056] The communication parameters and the offline fingerprint library also include reference signal received power RSRP.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S3 further includes:

[0058] Step S3.1: Based on the user PCI, match the base station PCI in the offline fingerprint library to obtain the index index of the PCI matching data. PCI ;

[0059] Step S3.2: Based on the index PCI Match with the RSRP in the offline fingerprint library to obtain matching data.

[0060] Preferably, the step S3.2 comprises: according to the index PCI , search the RSRP index in the offline fingerprint library RSRP , if index PCI =index RSRP , extract index RSRP The corresponding base station RSRP value.

[0061] Furthermore, the set of base station RSRP values ​​is used as matching data, and a dynamic fingerprint library is constructed based on the matching data.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the construction process of the offline fingerprint library includes: collecting data through crowdsourcing, collecting the longitude and latitude of the user's location, and the base station PCI and base station RSRP of the main base station to which the user belongs, that is, the neighboring base station. Preferably, after collecting data through crowdsourcing, collecting the longitude and latitude of the user's location, and the base station PCI and base station RSRP of the main base station and the neighboring base station to which the user belongs, the construction process of the offline fingerprint library also includes: integrating the data of the offline fingerprint library, and the data integration includes cleaning the offline fingerprint library data, and establishing a mapping relationship between the base station PCI and the RSRP of each base station. Among them, the cleaning of the offline fingerprint library data at least includes: filtering and cleaning data with empty values ​​and data with signal power lower than -100db.

[0063] In one example, the user PCI includes (PCI x,1 PCI x,2 …PCI x,i …PCI x,n ), fingerprint database PCI includes Where n represents the nth column in the base station PCI matrix, i represents the ith column in the base station PCI matrix, and m represents the mth row in the base station PCI matrix. If x = 2, the user PCI corresponds to the second row of the fingerprint database PCI, then index PCI index PCI2 , the corresponding base station PCI is [PCI 2,1 PCI 2,2 …PCI i,2 …PCI n,2 ]; based on index PCI2 Determine the same index RSRP2 , extract index RSRP2The corresponding first i columns of RSRP data constitute the dynamic fingerprint library [RSRP 2,1 RSRP 2,2 …RSRP i,2 ]. The value of i is proportional to the acquired user parameters and the data density of the offline fingerprint library.

[0064] The above numerical values ​​are only examples and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, step S5 comprises:

[0066] Based on one or more of the K nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm, the random forest regression algorithm, the vector machine regression algorithm, and the XGboost regression algorithm, regression calculation is performed on the dynamic fingerprint library data to fit and calculate the user's location coordinates.

[0067] In an example of practical application, five test data are randomly selected and the positioning method proposed in the first embodiment of the present invention is used to locate the position information. The result is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the dynamic fingerprint library data is Figure 3 The data in the red circle has the same PCI as the selected test data, which effectively improves the positioning accuracy. The dynamic fingerprint library data obtained by the positioning method in Example 1 is fitted, and the CDF fitting result is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The horizontal axis represents the positioning error in meters, and the vertical axis represents the probability, which is the cumulative probability that the random variable is less than or equal to a certain value. BS represents the number of base stations. In the tests of matching one base station, two base stations, and three base stations, the average errors are 103.44m, 73.72m, and 95.94m respectively; when the CDF cumulative probability is 67%, the errors are 107.86m, 77.56m, and 114.96m respectively; when the CDF cumulative probability is 80%, the errors are 157.63m, 116.67m, and 161.98m respectively. Combining the above error data and Figure 4 The positioning error result is significantly better than the result of calculating the device positioning based on RSRP alone.

[0068] Embodiment 2

[0069] In another embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the present invention also provides a 5G positioning device based on PCI matching, which is used to implement the positioning method in Example 1 applied to outdoor scenes, including:

[0070] A communication parameter acquisition module, used to acquire the communication parameters of the user, wherein the communication parameters at least include the user physical cell identifier PCI;

[0071] An offline fingerprint library acquisition module, used to acquire an offline fingerprint library, wherein the offline fingerprint library at least includes a base station PCI;

[0072] A data matching module, wherein the data matching module searches the offline fingerprint library based on the user PCI to obtain matching data;

[0073] A dynamic fingerprint library construction module, wherein the dynamic fingerprint library construction module constructs a dynamic fingerprint library based on the matching data;

[0074] A calculation module is used to calculate the user's location coordinates based on the dynamic fingerprint library.

[0075] Preferably, the device further comprises:

[0076] The data matching module includes an index matching module;

[0077] The index matching module is used to: match the user PCI with the base station PCI in the offline fingerprint library to obtain the index index of the PCI matching data PCI ; According to the index PCI , search the RSRP index in the offline fingerprint library RSRP , if index PCI =index RSRP , extract index RSRP The corresponding base station RSRP value.

[0078] In summary, the present invention has achieved the following effects:

[0079] The present invention provides a 5G positioning method based on PCI matching for outdoor positioning, which first obtains user communication parameters and an offline fingerprint library including a user physical cell identifier PCI and a base station PCI, respectively, and then searches the offline fingerprint library based on the user PCI, obtains matching data in conjunction with RSRP data, and then builds a dynamic fingerprint library based on index data to fit and calculate the user's positioning data. The positioning method and positioning device proposed in the present invention introduce the PCI of implicit positioning data, and through multi-feature matching, can determine the base station before RSRP positioning, and by further narrowing the area to be positioned, eliminates the influence of other base station data, avoids a large number of locations with the same RSRP values, and causes a large positioning error, thereby further improving the positioning accuracy.

[0080] Based on this application, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number and aspect described herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. In addition, other structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects described herein can be used to implement this device and / or practice this method.

[0081] Those skilled in the art know that, in addition to realizing the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention in a purely computer-readable program code, it is entirely possible to realize the same functions in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, the system and its various devices, modules, and units provided by the present invention can be considered as a hardware component, and the devices, modules, and units included therein for realizing various functions can also be regarded as structures within the hardware component; the devices, modules, and units for realizing various functions can also be regarded as both software modules for realizing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0082] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

[0083] All documents mentioned in the present invention are cited as references in this application, just as each document is cited as reference separately. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the above content of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

Claims

1. A 5G positioning method based on PCI matching, applied to positioning in outdoor scenes, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, obtaining the user's communication parameters, wherein the communication parameters at least include the user's physical cell identifier PCI; Step S2, obtaining an offline fingerprint database, wherein the offline fingerprint database at least includes a base station PCI; Step S3: searching the offline fingerprint database based on the user PCI to obtain matching data; Step S4, constructing a dynamic fingerprint library based on the matching data; Step S5: Calculate the user's location coordinates based on the dynamic fingerprint library.

2. The 5G positioning method based on PCI matching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication parameters and the offline fingerprint library also include reference signal received power RSRP.

3. The 5G positioning method based on PCI matching according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The step S3 further comprises: Step S3.1: Based on the user PCI, match the base station PCI in the offline fingerprint library to obtain the index index of the PCI matching data. PCI ; Step S3.2: Based on the index PCI Match with the RSRP in the offline fingerprint library to obtain matching data.

4. The 5G positioning method based on PCI matching according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The step S3.2 comprises: according to the index PCI , search the RSRP index in the offline fingerprint library RSRP , if index PCI =index RSRP , extract index RSRP The corresponding base station RSRP value.

5. The 5G positioning method based on PCI matching according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The set of base station RSRP values ​​is used as matching data, and a dynamic fingerprint library is constructed based on the matching data.

6. The 5G positioning method based on PCI matching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction process of the offline fingerprint library includes: collecting data through crowdsourcing, collecting the longitude and latitude of the user's location, and the base station PCI and base station RSRP of the main base station to which the user belongs, that is, the neighboring base station.

7. The 5G positioning method based on PCI matching according to claim 6, characterized in that: After acquiring the longitude and latitude of the user's location, as well as the base station PCI and base station RSRP of the main base station to which the user belongs, that is, the neighboring base station, the method also includes: integrating the data of the offline fingerprint library, wherein the data integration includes cleaning the offline fingerprint library data and establishing a mapping relationship between the base station PCI and the RSRP of each base station.

8. The 5G positioning method based on PCI matching according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The step S5 comprises: Based on one or more of the K nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm, the random forest regression algorithm, the vector machine regression algorithm, and the XGboost regression algorithm, regression calculation is performed on the dynamic fingerprint library data to fit and calculate the user's location coordinates.

9. A 5G positioning device based on PCI matching, applied to positioning in outdoor scenes, characterized in that: include: A communication parameter acquisition module, used to acquire the communication parameters of the user, wherein the communication parameters at least include the user physical cell identifier PCI; An offline fingerprint library acquisition module, used to acquire an offline fingerprint library, wherein the offline fingerprint library at least includes a base station PCI; A data matching module, wherein the data matching module searches the offline fingerprint library based on the user PCI to obtain matching data; A dynamic fingerprint library construction module, wherein the dynamic fingerprint library construction module constructs a dynamic fingerprint library based on the matching data; A calculation module is used to calculate the user's location coordinates based on the dynamic fingerprint library.

10. A 5G positioning device based on PCI matching according to claim 9, characterized in that: The device also includes: The data matching module includes an index matching module; The index matching module is used to: match the user PCI with the base station PCI in the offline fingerprint library to obtain the index index of the PCI matching data PCI ; According to the index PCI , search the RSRP index in the offline fingerprint library RSRP , if index PCI =index RSRP , extract index RSRP The corresponding base station RSRP value.

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