Well cellar digging device and transplanter comprising same

Abstract

The invention discloses a well cellar digging device and a transplanter comprising the same. The well cellar digging device comprises a self-propelled chassis, a driving device and a well cellar digging mechanism, wherein the driving device and the well cellar digging mechanism are arranged on the self-propelled chassis; the well cellar digging mechanism comprises a supporting frame, the supporting frame is connected with the self-propelled chassis through a spring and can slide relative to the self-propelled chassis, a limiting guide assembly is arranged in the supporting frame, a fixing plate is arranged on the limiting guide assembly, a micro motor is arranged on the fixing plate, and the micro motor drives a hole forming drill bit. The fixing plate is further provided with a limiting frame. Rotating wheels are arranged on the sides of the supporting frames; the driving device comprises a driving shaft, an irregular cam, a crank, a shaft and a roller; the driving shaft is horizontally installed on the side face of the supporting frame, the irregular cam and the crank are welded to the driving shaft, the irregular cam and the crank are arranged according to a certain phase angle, the irregular cam is in rolling higher pair connection with the rotating wheel, the crank is in welded connection with the shaft, the shaft is in rolling connection with the roller, and the roller is in sliding higher pair connection with the limiting frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of crop seedling planting, and in particular to a well-digging cellar device and a transplanter comprising the device. Background Art

[0002] Well-pit transplanting refers to a new type of planting technology in which a well is dug on the ridge during transplanting. The upper part of the well is cylindrical and the lower part is conical. The crop seedlings are then dropped vertically into the well. Since the cone angle of the substrate at the root of the crop seedling is equal to the cone angle of the lower part of the well, the posture of the crop seedlings always remains vertically upward. Finally, the substrate at the root of the crop seedling is completely covered with crushed soil with appropriate moisture content. Some well-pit transplanting machines are disclosed in the prior art, but the driving of the well-pit device of the well-pit digging transplanting machine is relatively complicated. For example, in the prior art, a parallel four-bar mechanism-gear-sprocket combination structure is used. This structure is significantly affected by the running speed of the chassis during the well-pit manufacturing process. If the chassis runs slowly, the well-pit molding effect is good. Once the speed is fast, the well-pit molding effect is poor, and a trumpet-shaped or unformed situation occurs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a well-pit digging device to address the defects of existing well-pit transplanting machines, which can realize the functions of maintaining zero speed of the hole-forming drill in the horizontal direction while the chassis is moving at high speed, digging wells and pits in the vertical direction, and planting seedlings in the subsequent process, thereby completing the crop seedling planting operation.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a well-digging device, comprising a self-propelled chassis and a driving device and a well-digging mechanism arranged on the self-propelled chassis; The well-drilling mechanism comprises a support frame, which is connected to the self-propelled chassis through a spring, and can slide relative to the self-propelled chassis. A limit guide assembly is arranged inside the support frame, a fixing plate is arranged on the limit guide assembly, a micro motor is arranged on the fixing plate, the micro motor drives the hole-forming drill, and the fixing plate is also provided with a limit frame; a rotating wheel is arranged on the side of the support frame; The driving device includes a driving shaft, an irregular cam, a crank, a shaft, and a roller. The driving shaft is horizontally installed on the side of the support frame, and the irregular cam and the crank are welded on the driving shaft. The irregular cam and the crank are set at a certain phase angle. The irregular cam is connected to the rotating wheel with a rolling high pair, the crank is connected to the shaft by welding, the shaft is connected to the roller with a rolling connection, and the roller is connected to the limit frame with a sliding high pair.

[0005] As a further technical solution, in the process that the contact point between the rotating wheel and the cam moves from the base point to the highest point, the hole-forming drill bit completes the whole process from entering the soil to coming out of the soil; the contact point suddenly changes from the highest point to the base circle, and in the process of contact on the base circle, the hole-forming drill bit moves from the highest position to the position in contact with the ground, completing a complete planting cycle.

[0006] As a further technical solution, the movement direction of the well-drilling mechanism on the self-propelled chassis is opposite to the movement direction of the self-propelled chassis.

[0007] As a further technical solution, a slide rail is arranged on the self-propelled chassis, the bottom of the support frame is arranged on the slide rail, and the slide rail is fixed on the self-propelled chassis, and the two form a sliding connection.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the position limiting guide assembly includes two guide shafts, and the two guide shafts are vertically fixed on the top and bottom of the support frame.

[0009] As a further technical solution, a guide sleeve is provided on the guide shaft, and the guide sleeve is connected to the fixing plate.

[0010] As a further technical solution, the rotating wheel is fixed on the supporting frame via a horizontally arranged supporting rod.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the lower part of the support frame is connected to the self-propelled chassis through a spring, and the spring is in a stretched state.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a transplanter including the well-digging device.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the transplanter also includes a seedling planting device.

[0014] During the movement of the chassis, it can realize regular back-and-forth reciprocating motion and regular up-and-down reciprocating motion of the hole-forming drill bit. During the movement of the chassis, the movement direction of the well-drilling mechanism is opposite to the movement direction of the chassis. Under the action of the irregular cam, the well-drilling mechanism and the chassis are equal in speed. At this time, the hole-forming drill bit has zero speed in the horizontal direction. The crank and the irregular cam are set at a certain phase angle, and the hole-forming drill bit realizes the function of moving up and down in the vertical direction to dig a well. In the process of the contact point between the rotating wheel and the irregular cam moving from the base point to the highest point, the hole-forming drill bit completes the whole process from entering the soil to coming out of the soil. The contact point suddenly changes from the highest point to the base circle. During the process of contacting on the base circle, the hole-forming drill bit moves from the highest position to the position in contact with the ground. At this time, a complete planting cycle is completed, and then the action is repeated. During the forward movement of the chassis, the hole-forming drill bit remains stationary in the horizontal direction relative to a certain point on the ground, and moves up and down in the vertical direction to realize the well-drilling. During the forward movement of the chassis, the hole-forming drill bit continuously realizes efficient zero-speed well-drilling. Under the action of the spring, the rotating wheel of the well-drilling mechanism is always in contact with the irregular cam. When the chassis is moving, the well-drilling mechanism moves according to the shape of the irregular cam, so that the well-drilling mechanism reciprocates regularly and the hole-forming drill moves regularly up and down.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects: (1) The self-propelled chassis is equipped with a reciprocating well-drilling mechanism. When the chassis is moving, the well-drilling mechanism can achieve rapid reciprocating motion. Under the action of the spring, the rotating wheel of the entire well-drilling mechanism and the irregular cam are always tightly fitted together. During the reciprocating motion of the well-drilling mechanism, no noise is generated and the motion is smooth, which lays the foundation for ensuring the quality of the wells and is conducive to improving the mechanization level and planting scale of the tobacco planting industry.

[0016] (2) Through the combined action of the irregular cam and the well-drilling mechanism, when the hole-forming drill bit is entering and exiting the earth, the movement speed of the well-drilling device is equal to the forward speed of the machine, but in the opposite direction. The hole-forming drill bit remains stationary in the horizontal direction and moves up and down in the vertical direction, thus achieving well-drilling. The well-drilling is standardized and of stable quality.

[0017] (3) The crank and the irregular cam are set at a certain phase angle. During the process of the contact point between the rotating wheel of the well-drilling mechanism and the irregular cam moving from the base point to the highest point, the hole-forming drill bit completes the whole process from entering the soil to coming out of the soil. The contact point suddenly changes from the highest point to the base circle. During the process of contacting on the base circle, the hole-forming drill bit moves from the highest position to the position in contact with the ground, completing a complete planting cycle at this time. The speed is fast and the efficiency is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention is based on one or more embodiments of the overall structure of the schematic diagram Figure 1 ; Figure 2 The present invention is based on one or more embodiments of the overall structure of the schematic diagram Figure 2 ; Figure 3 The present invention is based on one or more embodiments of the overall structure of the schematic diagram Figure 3 ; Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a well-drilling cellar mechanism according to one or more embodiments. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a zero-speed well-drilling cellar driving device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a well-drilling cellar mechanism according to one or more embodiments. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a well-drilling cellar mechanism according to one or more embodiments. Figure 2 ; Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a positioning guide assembly and a hole forming drill according to one or more embodiments. Figure 1 ; Fig. 9 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a positioning guide assembly and a hole forming drill according to one or more embodiments. Figure 2 ; Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of a support frame according to one or more embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 ; In the figure: 1. Self-propelled chassis; 2. Zero-speed well-drilling cellar driving device; 21. Driving shaft; 22. Irregular cam; 23. Crank; 24. Shaft; 25. Roller; 3. Well-drilling mechanism; 31. Spring; 32. Slide rail; 33. Support frame; 34. Position-limiting guide assembly; 35. Support position-limiting welding; 36. Micro motor; 37. Hole-forming drill bit; 38. Rotating wheel; 331, first vertical tube; 332, second vertical tube; 333, third vertical tube; 334, fourth vertical tube; 335, first transverse tube; 336, second transverse tube; 337, third transverse tube; 338, fourth transverse tube; 339, fifth transverse tube; 3310, sixth transverse tube; 3311, seventh transverse tube; 3312, eighth transverse tube; 3313, first supporting tube; 3314, second supporting tube; 3315, third supporting tube; 3316, fourth supporting tube; 3317, fifth supporting tube; 3318, upper plate; 3319, lower plate; 341, first guide shaft; 342, second guide shaft; 343, first positioning sleeve; 344, second positioning sleeve; 345, first upper fixing block; 346, second upper fixing block; 347, first lower fixing block; 348, second lower fixing block; 351, fixed plate; 352, limit frame; DETAILED DESCRIPTION It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or their combinations; For the convenience of description, if the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" appear in the present invention, they only indicate that they are consistent with the up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or component must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0021] As described in the background technology, some well-pit digging, water-injecting, seedling-planting and transplanting machines are disclosed in the prior art, but the existing chassis needs to carry water to assist in the formation of the well pit. The chassis is heavy, the traveling speed is slow, and the transplanting efficiency is low. The amount of water injected into each well pit is affected by the traveling speed of the chassis, the speed at which the drill bit enters the soil, and other aspects, and has a certain influence on the forming quality of the well pit. Moreover, the well-pit digging device of the existing well-pit digging and transplanting machine is a parallel four-bar mechanism-gear-sprocket combination structure. This structure is significantly affected by the traveling speed of the chassis during the well pit production process. If the traveling speed of the chassis is slow, the well pit forming effect is good. Once the speed is fast, the well pit forming effect is poor, and a trumpet-mouth shape or no formation occurs.

[0022] Example In a typical embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, a well-digging cellar device is proposed; the well-digging cellar device proposed in this embodiment can achieve the function of the well-digging cellar in the vertical direction, the hole-forming drill bit maintaining zero speed in the horizontal direction when the chassis is moving at high speed, and the seedling planting in the subsequent process, so as to complete the crop seedling planting operation. The well-digging cellar device of the chassis can achieve regular back-and-forth reciprocating motion and regular up-and-down reciprocating motion of the hole-forming drill bit when the chassis is moving.

[0023] The object of the present invention is to provide a well-digging cellar device. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the following technical solution is adopted: comprising a self-propelled chassis 1, on which a well-drilling cellar mechanism 3 and a zero-speed well-drilling cellar driving device 2 are arranged; Among them, Figure 5 As shown, the zero-speed well-drilling driving device 2 is composed of a driving shaft 21, an irregular cam 22, a crank 23, a shaft 24, a roller 25, etc., wherein the driving shaft 21 is driven to rotate by the driving device, and the driving shaft 21 is welded and connected with the irregular cam 22 and the crank 23 respectively, that is, the irregular cam 22 and the crank 23 are fixed on the driving shaft 21, rotate together with the driving shaft 21, and the irregular cam 22 and the crank 23 are set at a certain phase angle, and at the same time, the other end of the crank 23 is welded and connected with the shaft 24, and the roller 25 is rollingly connected with the shaft 24; the roller 25 is in high-pair rolling contact with the limit frame 352 in the well-drilling device; wherein the shape of the irregular cam 22 is designed according to the forward speed of the self-propelled chassis 1, the backward speed of the hole-forming drill 37 relative to the chassis, and the downward and upward displacement of the hole-forming drill 37. The setting of the phase angle between the crank 23 and the irregular cam 22 is set according to the following conditions: in the process of the contact point between the rotating wheel 51 and the irregular cam 22 moving from the base point to the highest point, the hole-forming drill bit 37 completes the whole process from entering the earth to coming out of the earth, and the contact point suddenly changes from the highest point to the base circle. In the process of contact on the base circle, the hole-forming drill bit moves from the highest position to the position in contact with the ground. like Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, the well-drilling mechanism 3 is composed of a slide rail 32, a support frame 33, a limit guide assembly 34, a support limit weld 35, a micro motor 36, a hole-forming drill bit 37, a rotating wheel 38, etc., wherein the slide rail 32 is fixed on the self-propelled chassis 1, and the bottom of the support frame 33 is arranged on the slide rail 32. Under the action of external force, the support frame 33 can slide along the slide rail 32; the limit guide assembly 34 is fixed at the middle position of the support frame 33, and the support limit weld 35 is sleeve-type loaded into the limit guide assembly 34. The limit guide assembly 34 limits and guides the movement direction of the support limit weld 35, and the support limit weld 35 can move up and down along the limit guide assembly 34; and the limit frame 352 of the support limit weld 35 is in high-pair rolling contact with the roller 25 of the zero-speed well-drilling weld, the micro motor 36 is fixed on the fixed plate of the support limit weld 35, and the micro motor 36 is fixedly connected to the hole-forming drill bit 37. Through the combined action of the irregular cam 22 and the well-drilling device, during the process of the hole-forming drill bit 37 entering and exiting the earth, the movement speed of the well-drilling device is equal to the forward speed of the chassis, but in the opposite direction. The hole-forming drill bit 37 remains stationary in the horizontal direction and moves up and down in the vertical direction, thereby achieving well-drilling. The well-drilling device has standard molding and stable quality.

[0024] Further, such as Fig.10 As shown, the support frame 33 is composed of a first vertical tube 331, a second vertical tube 332, a third vertical tube 333, a fourth vertical tube 334, a first transverse tube 335, a second transverse tube 336, a third transverse tube 337, a fourth transverse tube 338, a fifth transverse tube 339, a sixth transverse tube 3310, a seventh transverse tube 3311, an eighth transverse tube 3312, a first support tube 3313, a second support tube 3314, a third support tube 3315, a fourth support tube 3316, a fifth support tube 3317, an upper plate 3318, a lower plate 3319, etc., wherein four vertical tubes and eight transverse tubes form a rectangular frame. The structure is characterized in that the tubes are welded together, the first support tube 3313 and the second support tube 3314 are located at the top of the rectangular frame structure and are used to fix the upper plate 3318; the third support tube 3315 and the fourth support tube 3316 are located at the bottom of the rectangular frame structure and are used to fix the lower plate 3319; the fifth support tube 34 is located at the side of the rectangular frame structure, and the fifth support tube 3317 is connected to the rotating wheel 3319; the upper plate is bolted to the first support tube and the second support tube, and the lower plate is bolted to the third support tube and the fourth support tube; wherein the upper plate and the lower plate are mainly used to fix the limiting guide assembly.

[0025] Further, such as Figure 8 , Fig. 9As shown, the limiting guide assembly 34 is composed of a first guide shaft 341, a second guide shaft 342, a first positioning sleeve 343, a second positioning sleeve 344, a first upper fixing block 345, a first lower fixing block 347, a second upper fixing block 346, a second lower fixing block 348, etc., wherein the first positioning sleeve 343 is installed in the first guide shaft 341 and can slide up and down, and the two ends of the first guide shaft 341 are fixedly connected to the upper plate and the lower plate of the support frame by the first upper fixing block 345 and the first lower fixing block 347 respectively, and the two ends of the second guide shaft 39 are fixedly connected to the upper plate and the lower plate of the support frame by the second upper fixing block 346 and the second lower fixing block 348 respectively.

[0026] Furthermore, the support limit weld 35 is composed of a fixed plate 351 and a limit frame 352. The limit frame 352 is welded to one side of the fixed plate 47. The two positioning holes of the fixed plate 351 are respectively bolted to the first positioning sleeve 343 and the second positioning sleeve 344. The micro motor 36 is fixed on the fixed plate 47.

[0027] Furthermore, the movement direction of the well-drilling mechanism on the self-propelled chassis is opposite to that of the self-propelled chassis. The specific implementation method may be to directly install the motor and control the rotation direction of the drive shaft so that the movement direction on the self-propelled chassis is opposite to that of the self-propelled chassis; or the self-propelled chassis may share a drive motor, and a transmission shaft is arranged below the drive shaft, and a sprocket is arranged on the transmission shaft; the sprocket is connected to the power output device of the self-propelled chassis through a chain; then, a first gear is arranged on the transmission shaft, wherein the sprocket is coaxially keyed with the first gear, and a second gear is arranged on the drive shaft; the first gear is externally meshed with the second gear; the second gear is installed on one side of the drive shaft 21 and is keyed to the drive shaft 21, and the first gear and the second gear are used as a pair of gears to realize that the movement direction on the self-propelled chassis is opposite to that of the self-propelled chassis. The self-propelled chassis is equipped with a reciprocating well-drilling mechanism, which can achieve rapid reciprocating motion when the chassis is moving. Under the action of the spring, the rotating wheel of the well-drilling mechanism and the irregular cam are always tightly fitted together. During the reciprocating motion of the well-drilling device, there is no noise and the movement is smooth, which lays the foundation for ensuring the quality of the wells and is conducive to improving the mechanization level and planting scale of the tobacco planting industry.

[0028] The specific working principle is as follows: When the chassis is moving, the movement direction of the well-drilling mechanism is opposite to the moving direction of the chassis. Under the action of the irregular cam 22, the moving speed of the well-drilling mechanism and the chassis is equal. At this time, the hole-forming drill bit 37 has a zero speed condition in the horizontal direction.

[0029] The crank 23 and the irregular cam 22 are arranged according to a certain phase angle, and the hole-forming drill bit 37 realizes the function of digging a well cellar by moving up and down in the vertical direction. In the process of the contact point between the well cellar digging device and the irregular cam 22 moving from the base point to the highest point, the hole-forming drill bit 37 completes the whole process from entering the soil to coming out of the soil, and the contact point suddenly changes from the highest point to the base circle. In the process of contacting on the base circle, the hole-forming drill bit moves from the highest position to the position in contact with the ground, and then completes a complete planting cycle, and then repeats the action. During the forward movement of the chassis, the hole-forming drill bit 37 remains stationary in the horizontal direction relative to a certain point on the ground, and moves up and down in the vertical direction to realize digging a well cellar. During the forward movement of the chassis, the hole-forming drill bit continuously realizes efficient zero-speed digging of a well cellar. Under the action of the spring 31, the rolling wheel 51 of the well cellar digging mechanism is always in contact with the irregular cam. When the chassis is moving, the well-drilling mechanism moves according to the shape of the irregular cam 22, so that the well-drilling device reciprocates regularly and the hole-forming drill moves regularly up and down.

[0030] Specifically, when the transplanter is working, under the action of spring tension, the roller of the well-drilling mechanism is always in contact with the irregular cam, and the well-drilling mechanism moves according to the shape of the irregular cam, with a speed equal to and opposite to that of the walking chassis in the horizontal direction. The hole-drilling drill bit is in a stationary state in the horizontal direction relative to the well-drilling point on the ground, and at the same time, the hole-drilling drill bit moves up and down in the vertical direction, and the micro-motor drives the hole-drilling drill bit to rotate. Under the above conditions, the hole-drilling drill bit completes the zero-speed well-drilling function. The chassis moves continuously, and the hole-drilling drill bit repeatedly digs wells. Then the seedling-dropping device realizes the seedling-dropping at the back.

[0031] Furthermore, the present embodiment also provides a transplanter, including the well-digging cellar device; as a further technical solution, the transplanter also includes a seedling throwing device; The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A well-digging device, characterized in that: It comprises a self-propelled chassis and a driving device and a well-drilling mechanism arranged on the self-propelled chassis; The well-drilling mechanism comprises a support frame, which is connected to the self-propelled chassis through a spring, and can slide relative to the self-propelled chassis. A limit guide assembly is arranged inside the support frame, a fixing plate is arranged on the limit guide assembly, a micro motor is arranged on the fixing plate, the micro motor drives the hole-forming drill, and the fixing plate is also provided with a limit frame; a rotating wheel is arranged on the side of the support frame; The driving device includes a driving shaft, an irregular cam, a crank, a shaft, and a roller. The driving shaft is horizontally installed on the side of the support frame, and the irregular cam and the crank are welded on the driving shaft. The irregular cam and the crank are set at a certain phase angle. The irregular cam is connected to the rotating wheel with a rolling high pair, the crank is connected to the shaft by welding, the shaft is connected to the roller with a rolling connection, and the roller is connected to the limit frame with a sliding high pair.

2. The well-digging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the process that the contact point between the rotating wheel and the cam moves from the base point to the highest point, the hole-forming drill bit completes the whole process from entering the soil to coming out of the soil; the contact point suddenly changes from the highest point to the base circle, and in the process of contacting on the base circle, the hole-forming drill bit moves from the highest position to the position in contact with the ground, completing a complete planting cycle.

3. The well digging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movement direction of the well-drilling mechanism on the self-propelled chassis is opposite to the movement direction of the self-propelled chassis.

4. The well digging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide rail is arranged on the self-propelled chassis, the bottom of the support frame is arranged on the slide rail, and the slide rail is fixed on the self-propelled chassis, and the two form a sliding connection.

5. The well-digging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position limiting guide assembly comprises two guide shafts, and the two guide shafts are vertically fixed on the top and bottom of the support frame.

6. The well-digging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide sleeve is arranged on the guide shaft, and the guide sleeve is connected with the fixing plate.

7. The well-digging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating wheel is fixed on the supporting frame through a horizontally arranged supporting rod.

8. The well-digging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the support frame is connected to the self-propelled chassis through a spring, and the spring is in a stretched state.

9. A transplanter, characterized in that: The invention comprises the well digging device described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The transplanter according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes a seedling throwing device.

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