Method for rapidly obtaining tomato inbred line in middle Yunnan region

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for rapidly obtaining tomato inbred lines in the middle Yunnan region, and belongs to the technical field of agriculture. The method comprises the steps of sowing and seedling raising, transplanting and seedling hardening, growth period regulation and control, target plant selection, seed acquisition and treatment, and acquisition of the tomato inbred line in the next round. The method can greatly increase the acquisition speed of the tomato inbred line, is beneficial to accelerating the breeding process of new tomato varieties, and is easy to implement and apply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a method for quickly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan. Background Art

[0002] Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), also known as tomato, belongs to the genus Solanaceae. Tomato is sweet and sour and juicy, rich in soluble sugar, organic acid, protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, B vitamins, carotene and other rich nutrients, especially vitamin A and vitamin C. It is deeply loved by people and is an important horticultural crop widely cultivated throughout the country and the world.

[0003] Rapidly obtaining a high-generation tomato inbred line population, selecting excellent inbred lines from them, and preparing hybrid combinations are important ways to carry out the breeding of new tomato varieties. In the central Yunnan region, due to the unique climatic characteristics determined by the low-latitude plateau, the existing technology for obtaining tomato inbred lines is to use the conventional custom of two-season (crop) cultivation of tomatoes, the first season (crop) is from February to June each year, and the second season (crop) is from September to early March of the following year. According to this conventional tomato cultivation method, at most 2 generations of tomato inbred lines can be obtained in the central Yunnan region in a year. In tomato breeding, it takes many generations (generally at least 6 generations) of self-pollination before a stable high-generation inbred line can appear, which can be used for tomato hybrid breeding. Therefore, according to the conventional customary tomato cultivation method, it generally takes more than 3 years to obtain a stable tomato inbred line, which results in a long time to obtain a high-generation tomato inbred line, which restricts the process of breeding new tomato varieties.

[0004] Therefore, how to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies is an urgent problem to be solved in the field of agricultural technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a method for quickly obtaining tomato inbred lines in the central Yunnan region.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for quickly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan, comprising the following steps:

[0008] A. Seeding and seedling raising: Select mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds, sow them in floating trays in a greenhouse at 20-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night;

[0009] The matrix is ​​a mixture of peat and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:3, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 10% to 20% of the volume of the mixture; or the matrix is ​​a mixture of coconut husk and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:2, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 10% to 20% of the volume of the mixture;

[0010] B. Transplanting and seedling stunting: Transplant the seedlings from step A into tomato pot soil at a rate of 1 plant / pot, and cultivate them in a plastic greenhouse. Water each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to stunt the seedlings;

[0011] The tomato pot soil has an effective N content of ≥92.0 mg / kg, an effective P content of ≥11.0 mg / kg, an effective K content of ≥87.0 mg / kg, an organic matter content of ≥26.0 g / kg, a pH value of 5.50-6.70, and is naturally exposed to the sun until the water content is 3.96%-4.07%;

[0012] C. Growth period regulation: After step B, the plant begins to enter the natural growth period, and then fertilizer and water regulation, plant regulation and environmental regulation are carried out;

[0013] Among them, fertilizer and water regulation includes: using three types of fertilizer regulation and water replenishment regulation;

[0014] Fertilization regulation is specifically:

[0015] Type I fertilization is: from one week after the seedlings are transplanted to the period when the first to second inflorescences are fruited, 0.39-0.59g of N, 1.20-1.80g of P2O5, and 0.39-0.59g of K2O are applied to each plant; during the flowering period, a mixed foliar fertilizer consisting of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% instant boron is sprayed 1-2 times, once every 7 days, and the amount of the mixed foliar fertilizer sprayed each time is 74-95mL / plant, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate content is ≥99%, and the pure boron content of the instant boron is ≥21%;

[0016] Type II fertilization is: from the beginning of fruit expansion to the end of fruit expansion, apply 5.00-7.20g N, 5.00-7.20g P2O5, and 5.00-7.20g K2O to each plant; dilute the water of the Bio-Plant instant calcium solution to 750-1200 times, spray it, and spray it at a rate of 149-190mL / plant each time, spray it once every 10 days, and spray it 2-3 times in total; dilute the water-soluble organic fertilizer of Sichuan to a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.2%, and then irrigate each plant with 395-405mL / time, apply it once every 7 days, and irrigate it 2-3 times in total;

[0017] Type III fertilization is: from the time when the fruit begins to change color to the end of maturity, 1.00-2.04g of N, 0.56-1.20g of P2O5, and 2.81-5.52g of K2O are applied per plant;

[0018] The specific water replenishment regulation is: after the fertilization of type I, type II, and type III, when the soil surface 1 to 2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, no water is replenished; when the soil surface 1 to 2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, 150 to 200 mL / plant, 300 to 450 mL / plant, and 500 to 600 mL / plant of clean water are replenished respectively;

[0019] The specific plant regulation is as follows: when the plant height is 25-30cm, use a wire to hang the main branches; when the side branches on the main stem are 8.5-9.0cm long, remove the side branches on the main stem to maintain the plant shape of a single main branch; when the first to second flower branches are fruiting, remove all inflorescences and flower branches above the second to third flower branches; remove yellow leaves and diseased leaves immediately when they appear on the plant, and remove the leaves under the fruit branches after the first layer of fruits changes color; remove the terminal buds when the plant grows to a height of 65-70cm; when the fruits begin to change color, cut off the stalks where the 2nd to 4th petioles are located from the highest fruit branch, separate the upper stalks, until all the fruits are ripe;

[0020] Environmental control is as follows: control the temperature in the greenhouse to 21-26℃ during the day and 13-16℃ at night; light duration to 8-10h, light intensity to 31,000-36,000 Lx; relative humidity to below 50%;

[0021] D. Target plant selection: After removing plants infected with virus diseases, bacterial wilt, navel rot, and plants killed by pests and diseases, each remaining plant is identified as a target plant and numbered;

[0022] E. Seed acquisition and processing: Cut the mature fruits of the target plants determined in step D, thresh the seeds, wash them, place them in a ventilated and cool place to dry them, and then use them for sowing, thus obtaining the tomato inbred line material of this round;

[0023] F. Obtaining the next round of tomato inbred lines: Replace the old tomato potting soil from the previous round with the new tomato potting soil. The old tomato potting soil is used as the new tomato potting soil after being processed, and the cycle continues; repeat steps A to E to quickly obtain different tomato inbred lines.

[0024] Furthermore, preferably, in step A, mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds are selected, and the number of seeds of the same tomato type is ≥10.

[0025] Further, preferably, in step A, the specific method of sowing and raising seedlings is:

[0026] Floating disks are divided into two categories: mother disks and daughter disks;

[0027] Sow 8 to 10 seeds at a time into one hole of the mother tray, and sow the mother tray in this way;

[0028] When the seedlings in the holes of the mother tray are 2.0-2.5 cm high, separate and transplant the seedlings in each hole of the mother tray to each hole of the daughter tray in the form of a single plant after 6 pm on a cloudy or sunny day, 1 plant / hole, leaving 1 seedling in each hole of the mother tray, and transplant the daughter tray accordingly;

[0029] After the sub-tray is transplanted, spray the sub-tray at a height of 1.0 to 1.2 m at a rate of 1000 to 1200 mL / min for every 1 m 2 Spray clean water for 4 to 6 minutes, then cover the lid with a shade net with a shading rate of 70% to 80%, and uncover it after 1 to 2 days.

[0030] Furthermore, preferably, in step B, the tomato pot soil is soil that has not been used to grow Solanaceae crops for nearly 2 to 3 crops, and the soil type is loam; or it is soil that has been used to grow tomatoes and has been fallow for 2 to 3 crops, and the soil type is loam.

[0031] Further, preferably, the specific method of step B is:

[0032] Transplant the seedlings from step A into plastic flower pots with an outer diameter of 36 cm and a height of 25 cm at a rate of 1 plant / pot. Fill the pots with tomato potting soil until the soil reaches a height of 20 to 22 cm. Place the flower pots in a plastic greenhouse for cultivation. Pour 5000 to 5500 mL of clean water into each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to keep the seedlings stunted.

[0033] Further, preferably, the specific method of controlling water and controlling plant growth in step B is:

[0034] Control water and squat seedlings: Do not water within 5-6 days after transplanting; Water seedlings in the 7-10th day after transplanting according to the soil surface conditions: Do not water when the soil surface 1-2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye; when the soil surface 1-2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, water each plant with 150-200 mL of clean water;

[0035] Control the plants to squat: within 14 to 15 days after transplanting, on a cloudy or sunny day after 6 pm, under the premise that the plants are not broken, bend the plants from 10 to 12 cm in height to lie horizontally with a horizontal angle of 160° to 170° from the inside of the pot to the outside.

[0036] Further, preferably, in step C, the specific method of fertilizing is:

[0037] In the first type of fertilization, a high-phosphorus fully water-soluble compound fertilizer is used. The N:P2O5:K2O ratio of the fertilizer is 13:40:13. A fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.2% to 0.3% is prepared and applied to each plant 500 mL / time, once every 7 days, for a total of three times;

[0038] In the second type of fertilization, use a balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer with N+P2O5+K2O≥60%, N:P2O5:K2O ratio of 20:20:20, Zn+B≥0.25%, Mg≥1.0%, and prepare a 0.5%-0.6% fertilizer solution. Apply 500mL / time to each plant, once every 3 days, for a total of 10-12 times;

[0039] For Type III fertilization, first mix 1 / 2 of the weight ratio of balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer and high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer to form a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 0.6%, and apply 500 mL / time to each plant, once every 3 days, for a total of 1 to 2 times; then use high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer to form a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 0.6%, and apply 500 mL / time to each plant, once every 3 days, for a total of 1 to 2 times. d. Apply once, and apply 2 to 3 times in total; among them, the balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer has N+P2O5+K2O≥60%, N:P2O5:K2O is 20:20:20, Zn+B≥0.25%, Mg≥1.0%; the high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer has N+P2O5+K2O≥58%, N:P2O5:K2O is 12:5:41, Zn+B≥0.2%, Mg≥1.0%.

[0040] Among them, first use 1 / 2 of the mass proportion of balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer and high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer to mix and then prepare a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 0.6%. That is, the fertilizer obtained by mixing the balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer and the high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer is used as the solute, and water is used as the solvent to prepare a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 0.6%.

[0041] Further, preferably, in step E, the specific method of seed threshing is:

[0042] Cut the fruit of each plant into two halves horizontally, separate the seeds in the cavity together with the attached pulp, put them into a container filled with 2000-2500 mL of clean water, rub the seeds and the attached pulp with both hands continuously for 4-5 minutes, then separate the seeds individually, pour them into a 40-60 mesh nylon mesh bag to filter, place the nylon mesh bag under running water and rub it repeatedly for 5-8 minutes, and then place the nylon mesh bag in a ventilated and cool place to air-dry.

[0043] Furthermore, preferably, in step F, the specific method for treating the soil of the old tomato pots is to leave the soil fallow for 2 to 3 crops.

[0044] In the present invention, the tomato inbred line is obtained by cultivating tomatoes based on the fact that tomatoes are strictly self-pollinating crops and are a progeny group obtained through tomato cultivation.

[0045] In step A of the present invention, the tomato types include tomato varieties F1 generation, or offspring of hybridization between different tomato varieties F1 generation, or tomato materials.

[0046] In step A of the present invention, the seedlings emerge after 35 to 40 days of sowing and raising, and the survival rate of the seedlings can reach 100%.

[0047] In step A of the present invention, the spray rate refers to the amount of spray per unit time.

[0048] In step B and step F of the present invention, there are 2 to 3 crops, wherein each crop refers to the time for obtaining one round of inbred lines from potted tomatoes.

[0049] In step C of the present invention, the high-phosphorus fully water-soluble compound fertilizer is imported by China National Chemical Engineering Corporation (the country of origin is Belgium); the balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer is produced by Sichuan Hongda Co., Ltd.; and the high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer is produced by Sichuan Hongda Co., Ltd.

[0050] In step C of the present invention, when the environment is controlled: cooling can be achieved by opening the skylight, side windows, and fans in the greenhouse, covering the sunshade net, intermittently spraying water mist, etc.; heating can be achieved by closing the skylight and side windows in the greenhouse, using heating equipment, coal fire, etc.; dehumidification can be achieved by fans, dehumidifiers, etc.; when the light is insufficient, fluorescent lamps can be added in the greenhouse for supplementary lighting.

[0051] In the present invention, in step C, the Baozhijia instant calcium water agent is produced by Xinxing County Baozhijia Organic Fertilizer Co., Ltd., and the organic fluid calcium content is 180g / L. The Sichuange water-soluble organic fertilizer is produced by Yunnan Sichuange Technology Co., Ltd., and the N+P2O5+K2O of the fertilizer is ≥10%, the organic matter is ≥40%, and the humic acid is ≥30%.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] (1) The present invention adopts the method of sowing 8 to 10 seeds into one hole of a mother tray at a time, and sowing the mother tray accordingly, and transplanting the seedlings to the sub tray when the seedling height is 2.0 to 2.5 cm (with at least one main root). The present invention has the advantages of simple procedure, easy and quick operation, small labor, high efficiency, high seedling survival rate (100%), etc., and solves the problems of large operation labor, time-consuming and low efficiency in conventional tomato seedling cultivation (sowing one seed / hole) due to the small tomato seeds (the thousand-seed weight of tomato seeds is generally 2.5 to 4.0 g);

[0054] (2) The present invention uses potted tomatoes, which can easily and conveniently carry out soil treatment such as rotating soil replacement, soil fallow, and sunlight disinfection and drying of the soil, which is conducive to overcoming the common problem of soil continuous cropping obstacles in tomato cultivation;

[0055] (3) The present invention avoids the problems of long tomato growth cycle and fixed crop rotation cultivation in the prior art, and integrates the technologies of sowing and seedling raising, transplanting and seedling squatting, growth period regulation, target plant selection, seed acquisition and processing, and acquisition of the next round of tomato inbred lines, thereby improving the efficiency of obtaining tomato inbred lines and reducing the cost of obtaining inbred lines;

[0056] (4) Compared with the prior art, the present invention can shorten the time for obtaining tomato inbred lines by 33.00 to 55.33 days per generation, a shortening range of 23.76% to 34.38% (Table 1), and increase the number of generations of tomato inbred lines by 1.31 to 1.71 generations per year, an increase of 65.50% to 85.50%. This greatly improves the speed of obtaining tomato inbred lines, is conducive to accelerating the breeding process of new tomato varieties, and is easy to implement and apply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 This is a diagram of tomato sowing and seedling raising in an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, Figure A is the seedling raising in the mother tray, and Figure B is the seedling raising in the daughter tray;

[0058] Figure 2 Figure 1 is a diagram of transplanting tomato seedlings in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure A shows soil filling before transplanting, and Figure B shows seedlings just after transplanting;

[0059] Figure 3 This is a diagram of a tomato after growth period regulation in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the air-drying process of tomato seeds in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present invention. If no specific techniques or conditions are specified in the examples, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or the product specifications are used. If the manufacturer of the materials or equipment used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] A method for quickly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan, comprising the following steps:

[0065] A. Seeding and seedling raising: Select mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds, sow them in floating trays in a greenhouse at 20-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night;

[0066] The matrix is ​​a mixture of peat and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:3, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 15% by volume of the mixture; or, the matrix is ​​a mixture of coconut husk and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:2, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 15% by volume of the mixture;

[0067] B. Transplanting and seedling stunting: Transplant the seedlings from step A into tomato pot soil at a rate of 1 plant / pot, and cultivate them in a plastic greenhouse. Water each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to stunt the seedlings;

[0068] The tomato pot soil has an effective N content of ≥92.0 mg / kg, an effective P content of ≥11.0 mg / kg, an effective K content of ≥87.0 mg / kg, an organic matter content of ≥26.0 g / kg, a pH value of 5.50-6.70, and is naturally exposed to the sun until the water content is 3.96%-4.07%;

[0069] C. Growth period regulation: After step B, the plant begins to enter the natural growth period, and then fertilizer and water regulation, plant regulation and environmental regulation are carried out;

[0070] Among them, fertilizer and water regulation includes: using three types of fertilizer regulation and water replenishment regulation;

[0071] Fertilization regulation is specifically:

[0072] Type I fertilization is: from one week after the seedlings are transplanted to the period when the first inflorescence is fruited, 0.4g of N, 1.5g of P2O5, and 0.5g of K2O are applied to each plant; during the flowering period, a mixed foliar fertilizer consisting of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% instant boron is sprayed once, once every 7 days, and the amount of the mixed foliar fertilizer sprayed each time is 80mL / plant, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate content is ≥99%, and the pure boron content of the instant boron is ≥21%;

[0073] Type II fertilization is: from the beginning of fruit expansion to the end of fruit expansion, apply 6g N, 6g P2O5, and 6g K2O to each plant; dilute the water of Bio-Plant instant calcium solution to 1000 times, spray it, and spray it at a rate of 170mL / plant each time, spray it once every 10 days, and spray it twice in total; dilute the water-soluble organic fertilizer of Sichuan to a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.2%, and then irrigate each plant with 400mL / time, and apply it once every 7 days, and spray it twice in total;

[0074] Type III fertilization is: from the time when the fruit begins to change color to the end of maturity, 1.5g of N, 1g of P2O5, and 4g of K2O are applied per plant;

[0075] The specific water replenishment regulation is: after the fertilization of type I, type II, and type III, when the soil surface 1-2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, no water is replenished; when the soil surface 1-2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, 180 mL / plant, 400 mL / plant, and 550 mL / plant of clean water are replenished respectively;

[0076] The specific plant regulation is as follows: when the plant height is 25-30cm, use a wire to hang the main branches; when the side branches on the main stem are 8.8cm long, remove the side branches on the main stem to maintain the plant shape of a single main branch; when the first flower branch bears fruit, remove all inflorescences and their flower branches above the second flower branch; remove yellow leaves and diseased leaves immediately when they appear on the plant, and remove the leaves under the fruit branches after the first layer of fruits change color; remove the terminal buds when the plant grows to a height of 65-70cm; when the fruit begins to change color, cut off the stem where the third petiole is located from the highest fruit branch, separate the upper stem, until all the fruits are ripe;

[0077] Environmental control is as follows: control the temperature in the greenhouse to 21-26℃ during the day and 13-16℃ at night; light duration to 8-10h, light intensity to 31,000-36,000 Lx; relative humidity to below 50%;

[0078] D. Target plant selection: After removing plants infected with virus diseases, bacterial wilt, navel rot, and plants killed by pests and diseases, each remaining plant is identified as a target plant and numbered;

[0079] E. Seed acquisition and processing: Cut the mature fruits of the target plants determined in step D, thresh the seeds, wash them, place them in a ventilated and cool place to dry them, and then use them for sowing, thus obtaining the tomato inbred line material of this round;

[0080] F. Obtaining the next round of tomato inbred lines: Replace the old tomato potting soil from the previous round with the new tomato potting soil. The old tomato potting soil is used as the new tomato potting soil after being processed, and the cycle continues; repeat steps A to E to quickly obtain different tomato inbred lines.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] A method for quickly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan, comprising the following steps:

[0083] A. Seeding and seedling raising: Select mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds, sow them in floating trays in a greenhouse at 20-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night;

[0084] The matrix is ​​a mixture of peat and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:3, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 10% by volume of the mixture; or, the matrix is ​​a mixture of coconut husk and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:2, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 10% by volume of the mixture;

[0085] B. Transplanting and seedling stunting: Transplant the seedlings from step A into tomato pot soil at a rate of 1 plant / pot, and cultivate them in a plastic greenhouse. Water each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to stunt the seedlings;

[0086] The tomato pot soil has an effective N content of ≥92.0 mg / kg, an effective P content of ≥11.0 mg / kg, an effective K content of ≥87.0 mg / kg, an organic matter content of ≥26.0 g / kg, a pH value of 5.50-6.70, and is naturally exposed to the sun until the water content is 3.96%-4.07%;

[0087] C. Growth period regulation: After step B, the plant begins to enter the natural growth period, and then fertilizer and water regulation, plant regulation and environmental regulation are carried out;

[0088] Among them, fertilizer and water regulation includes: using three types of fertilizer regulation and water replenishment regulation;

[0089] Fertilization regulation is specifically:

[0090] Type I fertilization is: from one week after the seedlings are transplanted to the time when the first inflorescence bears fruit, 0.39g of N, 1.20g of P2O5, and 0.39g of K2O are applied to each plant; during the flowering period, a mixed foliar fertilizer consisting of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% instant boron is sprayed once, once every 7 days, and the amount of the mixed foliar fertilizer sprayed each time is 74mL / plant, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate content is ≥99%, and the pure boron content of the instant boron is ≥21%;

[0091] Type II fertilization is: from the beginning of fruit expansion to the end of fruit expansion, apply 5.00g N, 5.00g P2O5, and 5.00g K2O to each plant; dilute the water of Bio-Plant instant calcium solution to 750 times, spray it, and spray it at a rate of 149mL / plant each time, spray it once every 10 days, and spray it twice in total; dilute the water-soluble organic fertilizer of Sichuan to a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.2%, and then irrigate each plant with 395mL / time, and apply it once every 7 days, and spray it twice in total;

[0092] Type III fertilization is: from the time when the fruit begins to change color to the end of maturity, 1.00g of N, 0.56g of P2O5, and 2.81g of K2O are applied per plant;

[0093] The specific water replenishment regulation is: after the fertilization of type I, type II, and type III, when the soil surface 1-2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, no water is replenished; when the soil surface 1-2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, 150 mL / plant, 300 mL / plant, and 500 mL / plant of clean water are replenished respectively;

[0094] The specific plant regulation is: when the plant height is 25-30cm, use a wire to hang the main branches; when the side branches on the main stem are 8.5cm long, remove the side branches on the main stem to maintain the plant shape of a single stem and main branches; when the first flower branch has fruit, remove all inflorescences and flower branches above the second flower branch; remove yellow leaves and diseased leaves immediately when the plant appears, and remove the leaves under the fruit branch after the first layer of fruits changes color; remove the terminal buds when the plant grows to a height of 65-70cm; when the fruit begins to change color, cut off the stem where the second petiole is located from the highest fruit branch, separate the upper stem, until all the fruits are ripe;

[0095] Environmental control is as follows: control the temperature in the greenhouse to 21-26℃ during the day and 13-16℃ at night; light duration to 8-10h, light intensity to 31,000-36,000 Lx; relative humidity to below 50%;

[0096] D. Target plant selection: After removing plants infected with virus diseases, bacterial wilt, navel rot, and plants killed by pests and diseases, each remaining plant is identified as a target plant and numbered;

[0097] E. Seed acquisition and processing: Cut the mature fruits of the target plants determined in step D, thresh the seeds, wash them, place them in a ventilated and cool place to dry them, and then use them for sowing, thus obtaining the tomato inbred line material of this round;

[0098] F. Obtaining the next round of tomato inbred lines: Replace the old tomato potting soil from the previous round with the new tomato potting soil. The old tomato potting soil is used as the new tomato potting soil after being processed, and the cycle continues; repeat steps A to E to quickly obtain different tomato inbred lines.

[0099] In step A, select mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds, and the number of seeds of the same tomato type should be ≥ 10.

[0100] In step A, the specific method of sowing and raising seedlings is:

[0101] Floating disks are divided into two categories: mother disks and daughter disks;

[0102] Sow 8 seeds at a time into one hole of the mother tray, and sow the mother tray in this way;

[0103] When the seedlings in the holes of the mother tray are 2.0-2.5 cm high, separate and transplant the seedlings in each hole of the mother tray to each hole of the daughter tray in the form of a single plant after 6 pm on a cloudy or sunny day, 1 plant / hole, leaving 1 seedling in each hole of the mother tray, and transplant the daughter tray accordingly;

[0104] After the sub-tray is transplanted, spray the sub-tray at a rate of 1000 mL / min at a height of 1.0 m above the tray. 2 Spray clean water for 4 minutes, then cover the lid with a shade net with a shading rate of 70% to 80%, and uncover it after 1 day.

[0105] In step B, the tomato pot soil is soil that has not been used to grow Solanaceae crops for nearly two crops, and the soil type is loam; or it is soil that has been used to grow tomatoes and has been fallow for two crops, and the soil type is loam.

[0106] The specific method of step B is:

[0107] Transplant the seedlings from step A into plastic pots with an outer diameter of 36 cm and a height of 25 cm at a rate of 1 plant per pot. Fill the pots with tomato potting soil until the soil reaches a height of 20 cm. Place the pots in a plastic greenhouse for cultivation. Pour 5000 mL of clean water into each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to keep the seedlings stunted.

[0108] The specific methods of controlling water and plant growth in step B are as follows:

[0109] Control water and squat seedlings: Do not water within 5 days after transplanting; Water seedlings within 7 days after transplanting according to the surface soil conditions: Do not water when the surface soil 1-2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye; when the surface soil 1-2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, water each plant with 150 mL of clean water;

[0110] Control the plants to squat: within 14 days after transplanting, on a cloudy or sunny day after 6 pm, under the premise that the plants are not broken, bend the plants from 10 to 12 cm in height to lie horizontally with a horizontal angle of 160° to 170° from the inside of the pot to the outside.

[0111] In step E, the specific method of seed threshing is:

[0112] Cut the fruit of each plant into two halves horizontally, separate the seeds in the cavity together with the attached pulp, put them into a container filled with 2000mL of clean water, rub the seeds and the attached pulp with both hands continuously for 4 minutes, then separate the seeds individually, pour them into a 40-mesh nylon mesh bag for filtration, place the nylon mesh bag under running water and rub it repeatedly for 5 minutes, and then place the nylon mesh bag in a ventilated and cool place to air-dry.

[0113] In step F, the specific method for treating the soil of old tomato pots is to leave it fallow for 2 crops.

[0114] Example 3

[0115] A method for quickly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan, comprising the following steps:

[0116] A. Seeding and seedling raising: Select mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds, sow them in floating trays in a greenhouse at 20-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night;

[0117] The matrix is ​​a mixture of peat and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:3, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 20% by volume of the mixture; or, the matrix is ​​a mixture of coconut husk and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:2, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 20% by volume of the mixture;

[0118] B. Transplanting and seedling stunting: Transplant the seedlings from step A into tomato pot soil at a rate of 1 plant / pot, and cultivate them in a plastic greenhouse. Water each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to stunt the seedlings;

[0119] The tomato pot soil has an effective N content of ≥92.0 mg / kg, an effective P content of ≥11.0 mg / kg, an effective K content of ≥87.0 mg / kg, an organic matter content of ≥26.0 g / kg, a pH value of 5.50-6.70, and is naturally exposed to the sun until the water content is 3.96%-4.07%;

[0120] C. Growth period regulation: After step B, the plant begins to enter the natural growth period, and then fertilizer and water regulation, plant regulation and environmental regulation are carried out;

[0121] Among them, fertilizer and water regulation includes: using three types of fertilizer regulation and water replenishment regulation;

[0122] Fertilization regulation is specifically:

[0123] Type I fertilization is: from one week after the seedlings are transplanted to the time when the second inflorescence bears fruit, 0.59g of N, 1.80g of P2O5, and 0.59g of K2O are applied to each plant; during the flowering period, a mixed foliar fertilizer consisting of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% instant boron is sprayed twice, once every 7 days, and the amount of the mixed foliar fertilizer sprayed each time is 95mL / plant, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate content is ≥99%, and the pure boron content of the instant boron is ≥21%;

[0124] Type II fertilization is: from the beginning of fruit expansion to the end of fruit expansion, apply 7.20g N, 7.20g P2O5, and 7.20g K2O to each plant; dilute the water of Bio-Plant instant calcium solution to 1200 times, spray it, and spray it 190mL / plant each time, spray it once every 10 days, and spray it 3 times in total; dilute the water-soluble organic fertilizer of Sichuan to a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.2%, and then irrigate each plant with 405mL / time, and apply it once every 7 days, and irrigate it 3 times in total;

[0125] Type III fertilization is: from the time when the fruit begins to change color to the end of maturity, 2.04g of N, 1.20g of P2O5, and 5.52g of K2O are applied per plant;

[0126] The specific water replenishment regulation is: after the fertilization of type I, type II, and type III, when the soil surface 1-2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, no water is replenished; when the soil surface 1-2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, 200 mL / plant, 450 mL / plant, and 600 mL / plant of clean water are replenished respectively;

[0127] The specific plant regulation is as follows: when the plant height is 25-30cm, use a wire to hang the main branches; when the side branches on the main stem are 9.0cm long, remove the side branches on the main stem to maintain the plant shape of a single main branch; when the second flower branch has fruit, remove all inflorescences and their flower branches above the third flower branch; remove yellow leaves and diseased leaves immediately when they appear on the plant, and remove the leaves under the fruit branch after the first layer of fruits changes color; remove the terminal buds when the plant grows to a height of 65-70cm; when the fruit begins to change color, cut off the stem where the fourth petiole is located from the highest fruit branch, separate the upper stem, until all the fruits are ripe;

[0128] Environmental control is as follows: control the temperature in the greenhouse to 21-26℃ during the day and 13-16℃ at night; light duration to 8-10h, light intensity to 31,000-36,000 Lx; relative humidity to below 50%;

[0129] D. Target plant selection: After removing plants infected with virus diseases, bacterial wilt, navel rot, and plants killed by pests and diseases, each remaining plant is identified as a target plant and numbered;

[0130] E. Seed acquisition and processing: Cut the mature fruits of the target plants determined in step D, thresh the seeds, wash them, place them in a ventilated and cool place to dry them, and then use them for sowing, thus obtaining the tomato inbred line material of this round;

[0131] F. Obtaining the next round of tomato inbred lines: Replace the old tomato potting soil from the previous round with the new tomato potting soil. The old tomato potting soil is used as the new tomato potting soil after being processed, and the cycle continues; repeat steps A to E to quickly obtain different tomato inbred lines.

[0132] In step A, select mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds, and the number of seeds of the same tomato type should be ≥ 10.

[0133] In step A, the specific method of sowing and raising seedlings is:

[0134] Floating disks are divided into two categories: mother disks and daughter disks;

[0135] Sow 10 seeds at a time into one hole on the mother tray, and sow the mother tray in this way;

[0136] When the seedlings in the holes of the mother tray are 2.5 cm high, separate and transplant the seedlings in each hole of the mother tray to each hole of the daughter tray in the form of a single plant after 6 pm on a cloudy or sunny day, 1 plant / hole, leaving 1 seedling in each hole of the mother tray, and transplant the daughter tray accordingly;

[0137] After the sub-tray is transplanted, spray the sub-tray at a height of 1.2m at a rate of 1200mL / min for every 1m 2 Spray clean water for 6 minutes, then cover the lid with a sunshade net with a shading rate of 80% for 2 days before uncovering it.

[0138] In step B, the tomato pot soil is soil that has not been used to grow Solanaceae crops for nearly three crops, and the soil type is loam; or it is soil that has been used to grow tomatoes but has been fallow for three crops, and the soil type is loam.

[0139] The specific method of step B is:

[0140] Transplant the seedlings from step A into plastic pots with an outer diameter of 36 cm and a height of 25 cm at a rate of 1 plant per pot. Fill the pots with tomato potting soil until the soil reaches a height of 22 cm. Place the pots in a plastic greenhouse for cultivation. Pour 5500 mL of clean water into each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to keep the seedlings stunted.

[0141] The specific methods of controlling water and plant growth in step B are as follows:

[0142] Control water and squat seedlings: Do not water within 6 days after transplanting; water seedlings within 10 days after transplanting according to the surface soil conditions: do not water when the surface soil 1-2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye; when the surface soil 1-2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, water each plant with 200 mL of clean water;

[0143] Control the plants to squat: within 15 days after transplanting, on a cloudy or sunny day after 6 pm, under the premise that the plants are not broken, bend the plants from 10 to 12 cm in height to lie horizontally with a horizontal angle of 160° to 170° from the inside of the pot to the outside.

[0144] In step E, the specific method of seed threshing is:

[0145] Cut the fruit of each plant into two halves horizontally, separate the seeds in the cavity together with the attached pulp, put them into a container filled with 2500mL of clean water, rub the seeds and the attached pulp with both hands continuously for 5 minutes, then separate the seeds individually, pour them into a 60-mesh nylon mesh bag for filtration, place the nylon mesh bag under running water and rub it repeatedly for 8 minutes, and then place the nylon mesh bag in a ventilated and cool place to air-dry.

[0146] In step F, the specific method for treating the soil of old tomato pots is to leave it fallow for 3 crops.

[0147] Example 4

[0148] A method for quickly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan, comprising the following steps:

[0149] A. Seeding and seedling raising: Select mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds, sow them in floating trays in a greenhouse at 20-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night;

[0150] The matrix is ​​a mixture of peat and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:3, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 15% by volume of the mixture; or, the matrix is ​​a mixture of coconut husk and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:2, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 16% by volume of the mixture;

[0151] B. Transplanting and seedling stunting: Transplant the seedlings from step A into tomato pot soil at a rate of 1 plant / pot, and cultivate them in a plastic greenhouse. Water each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to stunt the seedlings;

[0152] The tomato pot soil has an effective N content of ≥92.0 mg / kg, an effective P content of ≥11.0 mg / kg, an effective K content of ≥87.0 mg / kg, an organic matter content of ≥26.0 g / kg, a pH value of 5.50-6.70, and is naturally exposed to the sun until the water content is 3.96%-4.07%;

[0153] C. Growth period regulation: After step B, the plant begins to enter the natural growth period, and then fertilizer and water regulation, plant regulation and environmental regulation are carried out;

[0154] Among them, fertilizer and water regulation includes: using three types of fertilizer regulation and water replenishment regulation;

[0155] Fertilization regulation is specifically:

[0156] Type I fertilization is: from one week after the seedlings are transplanted to the time when the second inflorescence bears fruit, 0.5g of N, 1.40g of P2O5, and 0.45g of K2O are applied to each plant; during the flowering period, a mixed foliar fertilizer consisting of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% instant boron is sprayed twice, once every 7 days, and the amount of the mixed foliar fertilizer sprayed each time is 80mL / plant, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate content is ≥99%, and the pure boron content of the instant boron is ≥21%;

[0157] Type II fertilization is: from the beginning of fruit expansion to the end of fruit expansion, apply 6g N, 6g P2O5, and 7g K2O to each plant; dilute the water of Bio-Plant instant calcium solution to 900 times, spray it, and spray it at a rate of 160mL / plant each time, spray it once every 10 days, and spray it twice in total; dilute the water-soluble organic fertilizer of Sichuan to a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.2%, and then irrigate each plant with 400mL / time, and apply it once every 7 days, and spray it twice in total;

[0158] Type III fertilization is: from the time when the fruit begins to change color to the end of maturity, 1.5g of N, 1g of P2O5, and 4g of K2O are applied per plant;

[0159] The specific water replenishment regulation is: after the fertilization of type I, type II, and type III, when the soil surface 1-2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, no water is replenished; when the soil surface 1-2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, 180 mL / plant, 400 mL / plant, and 550 mL / plant of clean water are replenished respectively;

[0160] The specific plant regulation is as follows: when the plant height is 25-30cm, use a wire to hang the main branches; when the side branches on the main stem are 8.8cm long, remove the side branches on the main stem to maintain the plant shape of a single main branch; when the second flower branch has fruit, remove all inflorescences and their flower branches above the third flower branch; remove yellow leaves and diseased leaves immediately when they appear on the plant, and remove the leaves under the fruit branch after the first layer of fruits changes color; remove the terminal buds when the plant grows to a height of 65-70cm; when the fruit begins to change color, cut off the stem where the third petiole is located from the highest fruit branch, separate the upper stem, until all the fruits are ripe;

[0161] Environmental control is as follows: control the temperature in the greenhouse to 21-26℃ during the day and 13-16℃ at night; light duration to 8-10h, light intensity to 31,000-36,000 Lx; relative humidity to below 50%;

[0162] D. Target plant selection: After removing plants infected with virus diseases, bacterial wilt, navel rot, and plants killed by pests and diseases, each remaining plant is identified as a target plant and numbered;

[0163] E. Seed acquisition and processing: Cut the mature fruits of the target plants determined in step D, thresh the seeds, wash them, place them in a ventilated and cool place to dry them, and then use them for sowing, thus obtaining the tomato inbred line material of this round;

[0164] F. Obtaining the next round of tomato inbred lines: Replace the old tomato potting soil from the previous round with the new tomato potting soil. The old tomato potting soil is used as the new tomato potting soil after being processed, and the cycle continues; repeat steps A to E to quickly obtain different tomato inbred lines.

[0165] In step A, select mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds, and the number of seeds of the same tomato type should be ≥ 10.

[0166] In step A, the specific method of sowing and raising seedlings is:

[0167] Floating disks are divided into two categories: mother disks and daughter disks;

[0168] Sow 9 seeds at a time into one hole on the mother tray, and sow the mother tray in this way;

[0169] When the seedlings in the holes of the mother tray are 2.0-2.5 cm high, separate and transplant the seedlings in each hole of the mother tray to each hole of the daughter tray in the form of a single plant after 6 pm on a cloudy or sunny day, 1 plant / hole, leaving 1 seedling in each hole of the mother tray, and transplant the daughter tray accordingly;

[0170] After the sub-tray is transplanted, spray the sub-tray at a height of 1.1m at a rate of 1100mL / min for every 1m 2 Spray clean water for 5 minutes, then cover the lid with a shade net with a shading rate of 75%, and uncover it after 1.5 days.

[0171] In step B, the tomato pot soil is soil that has not been used to grow Solanaceae crops for nearly two crops, and the soil type is loam; or it is soil that has been used to grow tomatoes but has been fallow for three crops, and the soil type is loam.

[0172] The specific method of step B is:

[0173] Transplant the seedlings from step A into plastic pots with an outer diameter of 36 cm and a height of 25 cm at a rate of 1 plant per pot. Fill the pots with tomato potting soil until the soil reaches a height of 21 cm. Place the pots in a plastic greenhouse for cultivation. Pour 5200 mL of clean water into each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to keep the seedlings stunted.

[0174] The specific methods of controlling water and plant growth in step B are as follows:

[0175] Control water and squat seedlings: Do not water within 5.5 days after transplanting; water seedlings within 8 days after transplanting according to the soil surface conditions: do not water when the soil surface 1-2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye; when the soil surface 1-2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, water each plant with 180 mL of clean water;

[0176] Control the plants to squat: within 14 days after transplanting, on a cloudy or sunny day after 6 pm, under the premise that the plants are not broken, bend the plants from 10 to 12 cm in height to lie horizontally with a horizontal angle of 160° to 170° from the inside of the pot to the outside.

[0177] In step E, the specific method of seed threshing is:

[0178] Cut the fruit of each plant into two halves horizontally, separate the seeds in the cavity together with the attached pulp, put them into a container filled with 2400mL of clean water, rub the seeds and the attached pulp with both hands continuously for 4.5 minutes, then separate the seeds individually, pour them into a 50-mesh nylon mesh bag for filtration, place the nylon mesh bag under running water and rub it repeatedly for 7 minutes, and then place the nylon mesh bag in a ventilated and cool place to air-dry.

[0179] In step F, the specific method for treating the soil of old tomato pots is to leave it fallow for 3 crops.

[0180] Example 5

[0181] A method for quickly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan, comprising the following steps:

[0182] A. Seeding and seedling raising: Select mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds, sow them in floating trays in a greenhouse at 20-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night;

[0183] The matrix is ​​a mixture of peat and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:3, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 10% by volume of the mixture; or, the matrix is ​​a mixture of coconut husk and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:2, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 10% by volume of the mixture;

[0184] B. Transplanting and seedling stunting: Transplant the seedlings from step A into tomato pot soil at a rate of 1 plant / pot, and cultivate them in a greenhouse. Water each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to stunt the seedlings;

[0185] The tomato pot soil has an effective N content of ≥92.0 mg / kg, an effective P content of ≥11.0 mg / kg, an effective K content of ≥87.0 mg / kg, an organic matter content of ≥26.0 g / kg, a pH value of 5.50-6.70, and is naturally exposed to the sun until the water content is 3.96%-4.07%;

[0186] C. Growth period regulation: After step B, the plant begins to enter the natural growth period, and then fertilizer and water regulation, plant regulation and environmental regulation are carried out;

[0187] Among them, fertilizer and water regulation includes: using three types of fertilizer regulation and water replenishment regulation;

[0188] Fertilization regulation is specifically:

[0189] Type I fertilization is: from one week after the seedlings are transplanted to the time when the second inflorescence bears fruit, 0.39g of N, 1.20g of P2O5, and 0.39g of K2O are applied to each plant; during the flowering period, a mixed foliar fertilizer consisting of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% instant boron is sprayed once, once every 7 days, and the amount of the mixed foliar fertilizer sprayed each time is 74mL / plant, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate content is ≥99%, and the pure boron content of the instant boron is ≥21%;

[0190] In the first type of fertilization, a high-phosphorus fully water-soluble compound fertilizer is used. The N:P2O5:K2O ratio of the fertilizer is 13:40:13. A 0.2% fertilizer solution is prepared and applied to each plant 500 mL / time, once every 7 days, for a total of three times.

[0191] Type II fertilization is: from the beginning of fruit expansion to the end of fruit expansion, apply 5.00g N, 5.00g P2O5, and 5.00g K2O to each plant; dilute the water of Bio-Plant instant calcium solution to 750 times, spray it, and spray it at a rate of 149mL / plant each time, spray it once every 10 days, and spray it twice in total; dilute the water-soluble organic fertilizer of Sichuan to a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.2%, and then irrigate each plant with 395mL / time, and apply it once every 7 days, and spray it twice in total;

[0192] In the second type of fertilization, use a balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer with N+P2O5+K2O≥60%, N:P2O5:K2O ratio of 20:20:20, Zn+B≥0.25%, Mg≥1.0%, and a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.5%. Apply 500mL / time to each plant, once every 3 days, for a total of 10 times;

[0193] Type III fertilization is: from the time when the fruit begins to change color to the end of maturity, 1.00g of N, 0.56g of P2O5, and 2.81g of K2O are applied per plant;

[0194] When applying fertilizer in type III, first mix 1 / 2 of the mass proportion of balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer and high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer to form a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.5%, and apply 500mL / time to each plant, once every 3 days, for a total of 1 application; then use high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer to form a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.5%, and apply 500mL / time to each plant, once every 3 days, for a total of 2 applications; among which, the balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer has N+P2O5+K2O≥60%, N:P2O5:K2O is 20:20:20, Zn+B≥0.25%, and Mg≥1.0%; the high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer has N+P2O5+K2O≥58%, N:P2O5:K2O is 12:5:41, Zn+B≥0.2%, and Mg≥1.0%;

[0195] The specific water replenishment regulation is: after the fertilization of type I, type II, and type III, when the soil surface 1-2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, no water is replenished; when the soil surface 1-2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, 150 mL / plant, 300 mL / plant, and 500 mL / plant of clean water are replenished respectively;

[0196] The specific plant regulation is as follows: when the plant height is 25-30cm, use a wire to hang the main branches; when the side branches on the main stem are 8.5cm long, remove the side branches on the main stem to maintain the plant shape of a single main branch; when the second flower branch has fruit, remove all inflorescences and flower branches above the third flower branch; remove yellow leaves and diseased leaves immediately when they appear on the plant, and remove the leaves under the fruit branch after the first layer of fruits changes color; remove the top buds when the plant grows to a height of 65-70cm; when the fruit begins to change color, cut off the stem where the second petiole is located from the highest fruit branch, separate the upper stem, until all the fruits are ripe;

[0197] Environmental control is as follows: control the temperature in the greenhouse to 21-26℃ during the day and 13-16℃ at night; light duration to 8-10h, light intensity to 31,000-36,000 Lx; relative humidity to below 50%;

[0198] D. Target plant selection: After removing plants infected with virus diseases, bacterial wilt, navel rot, and plants killed by pests and diseases, each remaining plant is identified as a target plant and numbered;

[0199] E. Seed acquisition and processing: Cut the mature fruits of the target plants determined in step D, thresh the seeds, wash them, place them in a ventilated and cool place to dry them, and then use them for sowing, thus obtaining the tomato inbred line material of this round;

[0200] F. Obtaining the next round of tomato inbred lines: Replace the old tomato potting soil from the previous round with the new tomato potting soil. The old tomato potting soil is used as the new tomato potting soil after being processed, and the cycle continues; repeat steps A to E to quickly obtain different tomato inbred lines.

[0201] In step A, select mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds, and the number of seeds of the same tomato type should be ≥ 10.

[0202] In step A, the specific method of sowing and raising seedlings is:

[0203] Floating disks are divided into two categories: mother disks and daughter disks;

[0204] Sow 8 seeds at a time into one hole of the mother tray, and sow the mother tray in this way;

[0205] When the seedlings in the holes of the mother tray are 2.0-2.5 cm high, separate and transplant the seedlings in each hole of the mother tray to each hole of the daughter tray in the form of a single plant after 6 pm on a cloudy or sunny day, 1 plant / hole, leaving 1 seedling in each hole of the mother tray, and transplant the daughter tray accordingly;

[0206] After the sub-tray is transplanted, spray the sub-tray at a rate of 1000 mL / min at a height of 1.0 m above the tray. 2 Spray clean water for 4 minutes, then cover the lid with a shade net with a shading rate of 70% to 80%, and uncover it after 1 day.

[0207] In step B, the tomato pot soil is soil that has not been used to grow Solanaceae crops for nearly two crops, and the soil type is loam; or it is soil that has been used to grow tomatoes and has been fallow for two crops, and the soil type is loam.

[0208] The specific method of step B is:

[0209] Transplant the seedlings from step A into plastic pots with an outer diameter of 36 cm and a height of 25 cm at a rate of 1 plant per pot. Fill the pots with tomato potting soil until the soil reaches a height of 20 cm. Place the pots in a plastic greenhouse for cultivation. Pour 5000 mL of clean water into each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to keep the seedlings stunted.

[0210] The specific methods of controlling water and plant growth in step B are as follows:

[0211] Control water and squat seedlings: Do not water within 5 days after transplanting; Water seedlings within 7 days after transplanting according to the surface soil conditions: Do not water when the surface soil 1-2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye; when the surface soil 1-2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, water each plant with 150 mL of clean water;

[0212] Control the plants to squat: within 14 days after transplanting, on a cloudy or sunny day after 6 pm, under the premise that the plants are not broken, bend the plants from 10 to 12 cm in height to lie horizontally with a horizontal angle of 160° to 170° from the inside of the pot to the outside.

[0213] In step E, the specific method of seed threshing is:

[0214] Cut the fruit of each plant into two halves horizontally, separate the seeds in the cavity together with the attached pulp, put them into a container filled with 2000mL of clean water, rub the seeds and the attached pulp with both hands continuously for 4 minutes, then separate the seeds individually, pour them into a 40-mesh nylon mesh bag for filtration, place the nylon mesh bag under running water and rub it repeatedly for 5 minutes, and then place the nylon mesh bag in a ventilated and cool place to air-dry.

[0215] In step F, the specific method for treating the soil of old tomato pots is to leave it fallow for 2 crops.

[0216] Example 6

[0217] A method for quickly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan, comprising the following steps:

[0218] A. Seeding and seedling raising: Select mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds, sow them in floating trays in a greenhouse at 20-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night;

[0219] The matrix is ​​a mixture of peat and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:3, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 20% by volume of the mixture; or, the matrix is ​​a mixture of coconut husk and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:2, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 20% by volume of the mixture;

[0220] B. Transplanting and seedling stunting: Transplant the seedlings from step A into tomato pot soil at a rate of 1 plant / pot, and cultivate them in a greenhouse. Water each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to stunt the seedlings;

[0221] The tomato pot soil has an effective N content of ≥92.0 mg / kg, an effective P content of ≥11.0 mg / kg, an effective K content of ≥87.0 mg / kg, an organic matter content of ≥26.0 g / kg, a pH value of 5.50-6.70, and is naturally exposed to the sun until the water content is 3.96%-4.07%;

[0222] C. Growth period regulation: After step B, the plant begins to enter the natural growth period, and then fertilizer and water regulation, plant regulation and environmental regulation are carried out;

[0223] Among them, fertilizer and water regulation includes: using three types of fertilizer regulation and water replenishment regulation;

[0224] Fertilization regulation is specifically:

[0225] Type I fertilization is: from one week after the seedlings are transplanted to the time when the second inflorescence bears fruit, 0.59g of N, 1.80g of P2O5, and 0.59g of K2O are applied to each plant; during the flowering period, a mixed foliar fertilizer consisting of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% instant boron is sprayed twice, once every 7 days, and the amount of the mixed foliar fertilizer sprayed each time is 95mL / plant, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate content is ≥99%, and the pure boron content of the instant boron is ≥21%;

[0226] In the first type of fertilization, a high-phosphorus fully water-soluble compound fertilizer is used. The N:P2O5:K2O ratio of the fertilizer is 13:40:13. A 0.3% fertilizer solution is prepared and applied to each plant 500 mL / time, once every 7 days, for a total of three times;

[0227] Type II fertilization is: from the beginning of fruit expansion to the end of fruit expansion, apply 7.20g N, 7.20g P2O5, and 7.20g K2O to each plant; dilute the water of Bio-Plant instant calcium solution to 1200 times, spray it, and spray it 190mL / plant each time, spray it once every 10 days, and spray it 3 times in total; dilute the water-soluble organic fertilizer of Sichuan to a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.2%, and then irrigate each plant with 405mL / time, and apply it once every 7 days, and irrigate it 3 times in total;

[0228] In the second type of fertilization, a balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer is used, with N+P2O5+K2O≥60%, N:P2O5:K2O ratio of 20:20:20, Zn+B≥0.25%, Mg≥1.0%, and a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.6%. 500mL / time is applied to each plant, once every 3 days, for a total of 12 times;

[0229] Type III fertilization is: from the time when the fruit begins to change color to the end of maturity, 2.04g of N, 1.20g of P2O5, and 5.52g of K2O are applied per plant;

[0230] When applying fertilizer in type III, first mix 1 / 2 of the mass proportion of balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer and high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer to form a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.6%, and apply 500mL / time to each plant, once every 3 days, for a total of 2 times; then use high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer to form a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.6%, and apply 500mL / time to each plant, once every 3 days, for a total of 3 times; among them, the balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer has N+P2O5+K2O≥60%, N:P2O5:K2O is 20:20:20, Zn+B≥0.25%, and Mg≥1.0%; the high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer has N+P2O5+K2O≥58%, N:P2O5:K2O is 12:5:41, Zn+B≥0.2%, and Mg≥1.0%;

[0231] The specific water replenishment regulation is: after the fertilization of type I, type II, and type III, when the soil surface 1-2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, no water is replenished; when the soil surface 1-2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, 200 mL / plant, 450 mL / plant, and 600 mL / plant of clean water are replenished respectively;

[0232] The specific plant regulation is as follows: when the plant height is 25-30cm, use a wire to hang the main branches; when the side branches on the main stem are 9.0cm long, remove the side branches on the main stem to maintain the plant shape of a single main branch; when the second flower branch has fruit, remove all inflorescences and their flower branches above the third flower branch; remove yellow leaves and diseased leaves immediately when they appear on the plant, and remove the leaves under the fruit branch after the first layer of fruits changes color; remove the terminal buds when the plant grows to a height of 65-70cm; when the fruit begins to change color, cut off the stem where the fourth petiole is located from the highest fruit branch, separate the upper stem, until all the fruits are ripe;

[0233] Environmental control is as follows: control the temperature in the greenhouse to 21-26℃ during the day and 13-16℃ at night; light duration to 8-10h, light intensity to 31,000-36,000 Lx; relative humidity to below 50%;

[0234] D. Target plant selection: After removing plants infected with virus diseases, bacterial wilt, navel rot, and plants killed by pests and diseases, each remaining plant is identified as a target plant and numbered;

[0235] E. Seed acquisition and processing: Cut the mature fruits of the target plants determined in step D, thresh the seeds, wash them, place them in a ventilated and cool place to dry them, and then use them for sowing, thus obtaining the tomato inbred line material of this round;

[0236] F. Obtaining the next round of tomato inbred lines: Replace the old tomato potting soil from the previous round with the new tomato potting soil. The old tomato potting soil is used as the new tomato potting soil after being processed, and the cycle continues; repeat steps A to E to quickly obtain different tomato inbred lines.

[0237] In step A, select mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds, and the number of seeds of the same tomato type should be ≥ 10.

[0238] In step A, the specific method of sowing and raising seedlings is:

[0239] Floating disks are divided into two categories: mother disks and daughter disks;

[0240] Sow 10 seeds at a time into one hole on the mother tray, and sow the mother tray in this way;

[0241] When the seedlings in the holes of the mother tray are 2.0-2.5 cm high, separate and transplant the seedlings in each hole of the mother tray to each hole of the daughter tray in the form of a single plant after 6 pm on a cloudy or sunny day, 1 plant / hole, leaving 1 seedling in each hole of the mother tray, and transplant the daughter tray accordingly;

[0242] After the sub-tray is transplanted, spray the sub-tray at a height of 1.2m at a rate of 1200mL / min for every 1m 2 Spray clean water for 6 minutes, then cover the lid with a sunshade net with a shading rate of 70% to 80% for 2 days before uncovering it.

[0243] In step B, the tomato pot soil is soil that has not been used to grow Solanaceae crops for nearly three crops, and the soil type is loam; or it is soil that has been used to grow tomatoes but has been fallow for three crops, and the soil type is loam.

[0244] The specific method of step B is:

[0245] Transplant the seedlings from step A into plastic pots with an outer diameter of 36 cm and a height of 25 cm at a rate of 1 plant per pot. Fill the pots with tomato potting soil until the soil reaches a height of 22 cm. Place the pots in a plastic greenhouse for cultivation. Pour 5500 mL of clean water into each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to keep the seedlings stunted.

[0246] The specific methods of controlling water and plant growth in step B are as follows:

[0247] Control water and squat seedlings: Do not water within 6 days after transplanting; water seedlings within 10 days after transplanting according to the surface soil conditions: do not water when the surface soil 1-2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye; when the surface soil 1-2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, water each plant with 200 mL of clean water;

[0248] Control the plants to squat: within 15 days after transplanting, on a cloudy or sunny day after 6 pm, under the premise that the plants are not broken, bend the plants from 10 to 12 cm in height to lie horizontally with a horizontal angle of 160° to 170° from the inside of the pot to the outside.

[0249] In step E, the specific method of seed threshing is:

[0250] Cut the fruit of each plant into two halves horizontally, separate the seeds in the cavity together with the attached pulp, put them into a container filled with 2500mL of clean water, rub the seeds and the attached pulp with both hands continuously for 5 minutes, then separate the seeds individually, pour them into a 60-mesh nylon mesh bag for filtration, place the nylon mesh bag under running water and rub it repeatedly for 8 minutes, and then place the nylon mesh bag in a ventilated and cool place to air-dry.

[0251] In step F, the specific method for treating the soil of old tomato pots is to leave it fallow for 3 crops.

[0252] Example 7

[0253] A method for quickly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan, comprising the following steps:

[0254] A. Seeding and seedling raising: Select mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds, sow them in floating trays in a greenhouse at 20-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night;

[0255] The matrix is ​​a mixture of peat and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:3, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 15% by volume of the mixture; or, the matrix is ​​a mixture of coconut husk and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:2, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 15% by volume of the mixture;

[0256] B. Transplanting and seedling stunting: Transplant the seedlings from step A into tomato pot soil at a rate of 1 plant / pot, and cultivate them in a plastic greenhouse. Water each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to stunt the seedlings;

[0257] The tomato pot soil has an effective N content of ≥92.0 mg / kg, an effective P content of ≥11.0 mg / kg, an effective K content of ≥87.0 mg / kg, an organic matter content of ≥26.0 g / kg, a pH value of 5.50-6.70, and is naturally exposed to the sun until the water content is 3.96%-4.07%;

[0258] C. Growth period regulation: After step B, the plant begins to enter the natural growth period, and then fertilizer and water regulation, plant regulation and environmental regulation are carried out;

[0259] Among them, fertilizer and water regulation includes: using three types of fertilizer regulation and water replenishment regulation;

[0260] Fertilization regulation is specifically:

[0261] Type I fertilization is: from one week after the seedlings are transplanted to the time when the second inflorescence bears fruit, 0.49g of N, 1.50g of P2O5, and 0.49g of K2O are applied to each plant; during the flowering period, a mixed foliar fertilizer consisting of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% instant boron is sprayed once, once every 7 days, and the amount of the mixed foliar fertilizer sprayed each time is 80mL / plant, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate content is ≥99%, and the pure boron content of the instant boron is ≥21%;

[0262] In the first type of fertilization, a high-phosphorus fully water-soluble compound fertilizer is used. The N:P2O5:K2O ratio of the fertilizer is 13:40:13. A 0.25% fertilizer solution is prepared and applied to each plant 500 mL / time, once every 7 days, for a total of three times;

[0263] Type II fertilization is: from the beginning of fruit expansion to the end of fruit expansion, apply 6.05g N, 6.05g P2O5, and 6.05g K2O to each plant; dilute the water of Bio-Plant instant calcium solution to 1000 times, spray it, and spray it at a rate of 160mL / plant each time, spray it once every 10 days, and spray it twice in total; dilute the water-soluble organic fertilizer of Sichuan to a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.2%, and then irrigate each plant with 400mL / time, and apply it once every 7 days, and spray it twice in total;

[0264] In the second type of fertilization, a balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer is used, with N+P2O5+K2O≥60%, N:P2O5:K2O ratio of 20:20:20, Zn+B≥0.25%, Mg≥1.0%, and a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.55%. 500mL / time is applied to each plant, once every 3 days, for a total of 11 times;

[0265] Type III fertilization is: from the time when the fruit begins to change color to the end of maturity, 1.87g of N, 1.10g of P2O5, and 5.06g of K2O are applied per plant;

[0266] When applying fertilizer in type III, first mix 1 / 2 of the mass proportion of balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer and high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer to form a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.55%, and apply 500mL / time to each plant, once every 3 days, for a total of 2 times; then use high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer to form a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.55%, and apply 500mL / time to each plant, once every 3 days, for a total of 3 times; among them, the balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer has N+P2O5+K2O≥60%, N:P2O5:K2O is 20:20:20, Zn+B≥0.25%, and Mg≥1.0%; the high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer has N+P2O5+K2O≥58%, N:P2O5:K2O is 12:5:41, Zn+B≥0.2%, and Mg≥1.0%;

[0267] The specific water replenishment regulation is: after type I, type II, and type III fertilization, when the soil surface 1 to 2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, no water is replenished; when the soil surface 1 to 2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, 180 mL / plant, 340 mL / plant, and 560 mL / plant of clean water are replenished respectively;

[0268] The specific plant regulation is as follows: when the plant height is 25-30cm, use a wire to hang the main branches; when the side branches on the main stem are 8.8cm long, remove the side branches on the main stem to maintain the plant shape of a single main branch; when the second flower branch has fruit, remove all inflorescences and their flower branches above the third flower branch; remove yellow leaves and diseased leaves immediately when they appear on the plant, and remove the leaves under the fruit branch after the first layer of fruits changes color; remove the terminal buds when the plant grows to a height of 65-70cm; when the fruit begins to change color, cut off the stem where the third petiole is located from the highest fruit branch, separate the upper stem, until all the fruits are ripe;

[0269] Environmental control is as follows: control the temperature in the greenhouse to 21-26℃ during the day and 13-16℃ at night; light duration to 8-10h, light intensity to 31,000-36,000 Lx; relative humidity to below 50%;

[0270] D. Target plant selection: After removing plants infected with virus diseases, bacterial wilt, navel rot, and plants killed by pests and diseases, each remaining plant is identified as a target plant and numbered;

[0271] E. Seed acquisition and processing: Cut the mature fruits of the target plants determined in step D, thresh the seeds, wash them, place them in a ventilated and cool place to dry them, and then use them for sowing, thus obtaining the tomato inbred line material of this round;

[0272] F. Obtaining the next round of tomato inbred lines: Replace the old tomato potting soil from the previous round with the new tomato potting soil. The old tomato potting soil is used as the new tomato potting soil after being processed, and the cycle continues; repeat steps A to E to quickly obtain different tomato inbred lines.

[0273] In step A, select mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds, and the number of seeds of the same tomato type should be ≥ 10.

[0274] In step A, the specific method of sowing and raising seedlings is:

[0275] Floating disks are divided into two categories: mother disks and daughter disks;

[0276] Sow 9 seeds at a time into one hole on the mother tray, and sow the mother tray in this way;

[0277] When the seedlings in the holes of the mother tray are 2.0-2.5 cm high, separate and transplant the seedlings in each hole of the mother tray to each hole of the daughter tray in the form of a single plant after 6 pm on a cloudy or sunny day, 1 plant / hole, leaving 1 seedling in each hole of the mother tray, and transplant the daughter tray accordingly;

[0278] After the sub-tray is transplanted, spray the sub-tray at a height of 1.1m at a rate of 1100mL / min for every 1m 2 Spray clean water for 5 minutes, then cover the lid with a shade net with a shading rate of 75%, and uncover it after 1 day.

[0279] In step B, the tomato pot soil is soil that has not been used to grow Solanaceae crops for nearly three crops, and the soil type is loam; or it is soil that has been used to grow tomatoes but has been fallow for two crops, and the soil type is loam.

[0280] The specific method of step B is:

[0281] Transplant the seedlings from step A into plastic pots with an outer diameter of 36 cm and a height of 25 cm at a rate of 1 plant per pot. Fill the pots with tomato potting soil until the soil reaches a height of 21 cm. Place the pots in a plastic greenhouse for cultivation. Pour 5200 mL of clean water into each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to keep the seedlings stunted.

[0282] The specific methods of controlling water and plant growth in step B are as follows:

[0283] Control water and squat seedlings: Do not water within 5 days after transplanting; Water seedlings within 7 days after transplanting according to the surface soil conditions: Do not water when the surface soil 1-2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye; when the surface soil 1-2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, water each plant with 150 mL of clean water;

[0284] Control the plants to squat: within 14 days after transplanting, on a cloudy or sunny day after 6 pm, under the premise that the plants are not broken, bend the plants from 10 to 12 cm in height to lie horizontally with a horizontal angle of 160° to 170° from the inside of the pot to the outside.

[0285] In step E, the specific method of seed threshing is:

[0286] Cut the fruit of each plant into two halves horizontally, separate the seeds in the cavity together with the attached pulp, put them into a container filled with 2300mL of clean water, rub the seeds and the attached pulp with both hands continuously for 4.5 minutes, then separate the seeds individually, pour them into a 50-mesh nylon mesh bag for filtration, place the nylon mesh bag under running water and rub it repeatedly for 7 minutes, and then place the nylon mesh bag in a ventilated and cool place to air-dry.

[0287] In step F, the specific method for treating the soil of old tomato pots is to leave it fallow for 2 crops.

[0288] Experimental research:

[0289] A systematic study on the rapid acquisition of tomato inbred lines was conducted at the Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Experimental Base. The main experimental research results are as follows:

[0290] 35 tomato materials were tested for obtaining inbred lines by the method of Example 7 of the present invention and the prior art, and the results are shown in Table 1. The test results show that the time for obtaining tomato inbred lines by the present invention is 98.33 to 110.33 days per generation, and the time for obtaining tomato inbred lines by the prior art is 136.67 to 161.33 days per generation; the time for obtaining tomato inbred lines by the present invention can be shortened by 33.00 to 55.33 days per generation compared with the prior art, and the shortening range is 23.76% to 34.38%, and the shortening difference reaches a very significant difference level (P<0.01).

[0291] According to the test results, the present invention can obtain 3.31 to 3.71 generations of tomato inbred lines within one year; the prior art cultivates two seasons from February to June each year and from September each year to early March of the following year, and can obtain at most 2 generations of tomato inbred lines within one year. The present invention increases the number of tomato inbred lines by 1.31 to 1.71 generations / year compared with the prior art, with an increase of 65.50% to 85.50%, thereby greatly improving the speed of tomato inbred line breeding.

[0292] Table 1 Experimental results of inbred lines of tomato materials

[0293]

[0294]

[0295] Note: 0.05,2 =4.303; t0.01,2 =9.925; the data in the 3rd and 4th columns of the table are mean values ​​± standard errors.

[0296] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for rapidly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan, characterized in that: The steps include: A. Seeding and seedling raising: Select mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds, sow them in floating trays in a greenhouse at 20-30℃ during the day and 15-20℃ at night; The matrix is ​​a mixture of peat and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:3, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 10% to 20% of the volume of the mixture; or the matrix is ​​a mixture of coconut husk and perlite in a volume ratio of 7:2, and vermiculite is added to the mixture in an amount of 10% to 20% of the volume of the mixture; B. Transplanting and seedling stunting: Transplant the seedlings from step A into tomato pot soil at a rate of 1 plant / pot, and cultivate them in a plastic greenhouse. Water each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to stunt the seedlings; The tomato pot soil has an effective N content of ≥92.0 mg / kg, an effective P content of ≥11.0 mg / kg, an effective K content of ≥87.0 mg / kg, an organic matter content of ≥26.0 g / kg, a pH value of 5.50-6.70, and is naturally exposed to the sun to a water content of 3.96%-4.07%; C. Growth period regulation: After step B, the plant begins to enter the natural growth period, and then fertilizer and water regulation, plant regulation and environmental regulation are carried out; Among them, fertilizer and water regulation includes: using three types of fertilizer regulation and water replenishment regulation; Fertilization regulation is specifically: Type I fertilization is: from one week after transplanting the seedlings to the time when the first or second inflorescences bear fruit, apply 0.39-0.59g of N, 1.20-1.80g of P2O5, and 0.39-0.59g of K2O per plant; spray a mixed foliar fertilizer consisting of 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.1% instant boron 1-2 times during the flowering period, once every 7 days, and the amount of the mixed foliar fertilizer sprayed each time is 74-95mL / plant, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate content is ≥99%, and the pure boron content of the instant boron is ≥21%; Type II fertilization is: from the beginning of fruit expansion to the end of fruit expansion, apply 5.00-7.20g N, 5.00-7.20g P2O5, and 5.00-7.20g K2O to each plant; dilute the water of the Bio-Plant instant calcium solution to 750-1200 times, spray it, and spray it at a rate of 149-190mL / plant each time, spray it once every 10 days, and spray it 2-3 times in total; dilute the water-soluble organic fertilizer of Sichuan to a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.2%, and then irrigate each plant with 395-405mL / time, apply it once every 7 days, and irrigate it 2-3 times in total; Type III fertilization is: from the time when the fruit begins to change color to the end of maturity, 1.00-2.04g of N, 0.56-1.20g of P2O5, and 2.81-5.52g of K2O are applied per plant; The specific water replenishment regulation is: after the fertilization of type I, type II, and type III, when the soil surface 1 to 2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, no water is replenished; when the soil surface 1 to 2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, 150 to 200 mL / plant, 300 to 450 mL / plant, and 500 to 600 mL / plant of clean water are replenished respectively; The specific plant regulation is as follows: when the plant height is 25-30cm, use a wire to hang the main branches; when the side branches on the main stem are 8.5-9.0cm long, remove the side branches on the main stem to maintain the plant shape of a single main branch; when the first to second flower branches are fruiting, remove all inflorescences and flower branches above the second to third flower branches; remove yellow leaves and diseased leaves immediately when they appear on the plant, and remove the leaves under the fruit branches after the first layer of fruits changes color; remove the terminal buds when the plant grows to a height of 65-70cm; when the fruits begin to change color, cut off the stalks where the 2nd to 4th petioles are located from the highest fruit branch, separate the upper stalks, until all the fruits are ripe; Environmental control is as follows: control the temperature in the greenhouse to 21-26℃ during the day and 13-16℃ at night; light duration to 8-10h, light intensity to 31,000-36,000 Lx; relative humidity to below 50%; D. Target plant selection: After removing plants infected with virus diseases, bacterial wilt, navel rot, and plants killed by pests and diseases, each remaining plant is identified as a target plant and numbered; E. Seed acquisition and processing: Cut the mature fruits of the target plants determined in step D, thresh the seeds, wash them, place them in a ventilated and cool place to dry them, and then use them for sowing, thus obtaining the tomato inbred line material of this round; F. Obtaining the next round of tomato inbred lines: Replace the old tomato potting soil from the previous round with the new tomato potting soil. The old tomato potting soil is used as the new tomato potting soil after being processed, and the cycle continues; repeat steps A to E to quickly obtain different tomato inbred lines.

2. The method for rapidly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A, select mature, pest-free, and plump tomato seeds, and the number of seeds of the same tomato type should be ≥ 10.

3. The method for rapidly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A, the specific method of sowing and raising seedlings is: Floating disks are divided into two categories: mother disks and daughter disks; Sow 8 to 10 seeds at a time into one hole of the mother tray, and sow the mother tray in this way; When the seedlings in the holes of the mother tray are 2.0-2.5 cm high, separate and transplant the seedlings in each hole of the mother tray to each hole of the daughter tray in the form of a single plant after 6 pm on a cloudy or sunny day, 1 plant / hole, leaving 1 seedling in each hole of the mother tray, and transplant the daughter tray accordingly; After the sub-tray is transplanted, spray the sub-tray at a height of 1.0 to 1.2 m at a rate of 1000 to 1200 mL / min for every 1 m 2 Spray clean water for 4 to 6 minutes, then cover the lid with a shade net with a shading rate of 70% to 80%, and uncover it after 1 to 2 days.

4. The method for rapidly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step B, the tomato pot soil is soil that has not been used to grow Solanaceae crops for nearly 2 to 3 crops, and the soil type is loam; or it is soil that has been used to grow tomatoes but has been fallow for 2 to 3 crops, and the soil type is loam.

5. The method for rapidly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method of step B is: Transplant the seedlings from step A into plastic flower pots with an outer diameter of 36 cm and a height of 25 cm at a rate of 1 plant / pot. Fill the pots with tomato potting soil until the soil reaches a height of 20 to 22 cm. Place the flower pots in a plastic greenhouse for cultivation. Pour 5000 to 5500 mL of clean water into each pot during transplanting, and then control the water and plant growth to keep the seedlings stunted.

6. The method for rapidly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The specific methods of controlling water and plant growth in step B are as follows: Control water and squat seedlings: Do not water within 5-6 days after transplanting; Water seedlings in the 7-10th day after transplanting according to the soil surface conditions: Do not water when the soil surface 1-2 cm is dark brown and water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye; when the soil surface 1-2 cm is grayish white and no water drops or water marks are visible to the naked eye, water each plant with 150-200 mL of clean water; Control the plants to squat: within 14 to 15 days after transplanting, on a cloudy or sunny day after 6 pm, under the premise that the plants are not broken, bend the plants from 10 to 12 cm in height to lie horizontally with a horizontal angle of 160° to 170° from the inside of the pot to the outside.

7. The method for rapidly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step C, the specific method of fertilization is: In the first type of fertilization, a high-phosphorus fully water-soluble compound fertilizer is used. The N:P2O5:K2O ratio of the fertilizer is 13:40:

13. A fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.2% to 0.3% is prepared and applied to each plant 500 mL / time, once every 7 days, for a total of three times; In the second type of fertilization, use a balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer with N+P2O5+K2O≥60%, N:P2O5:K2O ratio of 20:20:20, Zn+B≥0.25%, Mg≥1.0%, and a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 0.6%. Apply 500mL per plant every 3 days for a total of 10 to 12 times. For Type III fertilization, first mix 1 / 2 of the weight ratio of balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer and high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer to form a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 0.6%, and apply 500 mL / time to each plant, once every 3 days, for a total of 1 to 2 times; then use high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer to form a fertilizer solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 0.6%, and apply 500 mL / time to each plant, once every 3 days, for a total of 1 to 2 times. d. Apply once, and apply 2 to 3 times in total; among them, the balanced macro-element water-soluble fertilizer has N+P2O5+K2O≥60%, N:P2O5:K2O is 20:20:20, Zn+B≥0.25%, Mg≥1.0%; the high-potassium macro-element water-soluble fertilizer has N+P2O5+K2O≥58%, N:P2O5:K2O is 12:5:41, Zn+B≥0.2%, Mg≥1.0%.

8. The method for rapidly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step E, the specific method of seed threshing is: Cut the fruit of each plant into two halves horizontally, separate the seeds in the cavity together with the attached pulp, put them into a container filled with 2000-2500 mL of clean water, rub the seeds and the attached pulp with both hands continuously for 4-5 minutes, then separate the seeds individually, pour them into a 40-60 mesh nylon mesh bag to filter, place the nylon mesh bag under running water and rub it repeatedly for 5-8 minutes, and then place the nylon mesh bag in a ventilated and cool place to air-dry.

9. The method for rapidly obtaining tomato inbred lines in central Yunnan according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step F, the specific method for treating the soil of old tomato pots is to leave it fallow for 2 to 3 crops.

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