A thoracentesis set with one-way exhaust function

Abstract

The present invention discloses a thoracentesis kit with a one-way exhaust function, comprising: a cannula puncture needle, a needle tube fixing device and a one-way exhaust valve. The cannula puncture needle comprises a puncture needle core, a puncture needle tube and a connecting tube. The puncture needle tube is conductively connected with the connecting tube; the needle tube fixing device comprises a fixing plate and a first application layer; the one-way exhaust valve comprises a first air chamber cover, an umbrella valve and a second air chamber cover; a support frame is provided on the upper side of the first air chamber cover, and a limit hole is provided in the center of the support frame; the umbrella valve comprises a rubber diaphragm and a limit strip; the umbrella valve is fixed to the support frame through a limit strip and a limit knot; the rubber diaphragm covers the support frame; a connecting plug is provided at the lower end of the first air chamber cover, and the connecting plug is conductively connected with the connecting tube; an isolation gauze is installed at the upper end of the second air chamber cover, and the lower end can be detachably connected to the upper end of the first air chamber cover as a whole. The present invention can implement safe and fast thoracentesis and one-way exhaust emergency treatment for tension pneumothorax victims in out-of-hospital environments such as battlefields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular to a thoracentesis set with a one-way exhaust function. Background Art

[0002] Tension pneumothorax is a serious surgical emergency, which is more likely to occur under battlefield conditions. It can often cause respiratory and circulatory disorders in the injured, and then severe hypoxia and insufficient cardiac output. If it is not treated in time and effectively, it may endanger life. Thoracentesis and exhaust are commonly used emergency measures for tension pneumothorax, which can reduce the pleural cavity pressure in time and relieve the condition of the injured. Further one-way exhaust measures can help to exhaust the residual air in the pleural cavity, gradually restore the physiological negative pressure state of the pleural cavity, promote the full expansion of the compressed lung, and restore normal respiratory and circulatory functions faster and better. The traditional puncture needle with a rubber tube at the end and the standard trocar are currently the two most commonly used emergency puncture needles for tension pneumothorax. However, these two types of instrument puncture needles have the problem of too long exposed needle tubes, lack of fixing devices, and are not easy to fix. The wounded are easily accidentally touched after being transported and sent to the center, resulting in safety risks such as excessive penetration and injury to the lungs and needle tube falling off. Moreover, both have no one-way exhaust function, which is not conducive to the full expansion of the injured lung and the recovery of the patient. Using rubber finger sleeves to temporarily make a simple valve and tie it to the tail of the puncture needle is a common one-way exhaust measure in first aid for tension pneumothorax, but the equipment is simple, time-consuming and labor-intensive, the effect is difficult to guarantee, and it is easy to fall off, and the safety and reliability are poor. Therefore, developing a thoracentesis kit that is firmly fixed, highly safe, has a one-way ventilation function, is easy to use and portable, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technical equipment, is a direction that technicians in this field need to further study. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a thoracentesis kit with a one-way exhaust function, which can implement safe, fast and reliable thoracentesis and one-way exhaust treatment for tension pneumothorax victims in out-of-hospital environments such as battle sites.

[0004] The present invention discloses a thoracentesis kit with a one-way exhaust function, comprising:

[0005] A cannula-type puncture needle, the cannula-type puncture needle comprising a puncture needle core, a puncture needle tube and a connecting tube; the inner diameter of the puncture needle tube matches the diameter of the puncture needle core; the tail end of the puncture needle tube is connected to the connecting tube and fixedly connected as a whole;

[0006] A needle tube fixing device, the needle tube fixing device is fixedly installed on the outer side of the tube wall at the connection between the puncture needle tube and the connecting tube; the needle tube fixing device comprises a fixing plate and a first application layer; the first application layer is attached to the lower side of the fixing plate, and is composed of an adhesive layer and an oil paper layer covering the surface thereof;

[0007] A one-way exhaust valve, wherein the one-way exhaust valve comprises a first air chamber cover, an umbrella-shaped valve and a second air chamber cover; the second air chamber cover is a hollow cylindrical structure; an isolation gauze is provided at the upper end of the second air chamber cover, and the lower end of the second air chamber cover is detachably connected to the upper end of the first air chamber cover as a whole; the first air chamber cover is a hollow cylindrical structure; a support frame is provided on the upper side surface of the first air chamber cover, and a limit hole is provided on the support frame; the umbrella-shaped valve comprises a rubber diaphragm and a limit strip; the limit strip is movably mounted on the limit hole, and one end of the limit strip is fixedly connected to the rubber diaphragm, and the other end of the limit strip is provided with a limit knot having a diameter greater than the diameter of the limit hole; the rubber diaphragm is circular in shape, and its diameter matches the inner diameter of the first air chamber cover; the lower end of the first air chamber cover is conductively connected to a connecting plug, and the connecting plug is detachably conductively connected to the connecting tube at the tail end of the puncture needle tube as a whole.

[0008] By adopting this technical solution:

[0009] When providing emergency treatment to the injured with tension pneumothorax in an out-of-hospital environment such as a battle scene, first dry the chest wall skin at the puncture site, remove the cannula puncture needle, insert the puncture needle core into the puncture needle tube so that only the bevel needle tip is exposed at the head end, remove the oil paper layer of the first dressing layer on the lower side of the fixing plate, hold the cannula puncture needle and vertically pierce the injured chest wall until there is a sense of empty space, and continue to insert the needle a little bit until the needle tube fixing device is close to the chest wall, pull out the puncture needle core and check if there is gas discharge indicating that the puncture is successful, press the fixing plate so that the first dressing layer is tightly attached to the chest wall skin, and the puncture needle tube can be firmly fixed on the chest wall, effectively preventing the puncture needle tube from being accidentally touched and piercing too deeply to injure the lungs and fall out of the body. Then insert the connecting plug at the lower end of the one-way exhaust valve into the connecting tube at the tail of the puncture needle tube, and the one-way exhaust valve and the puncture needle tube can be connected together. The air in the pleural cavity is introduced into the space surrounded by the first air chamber cover and the rubber diaphragm through the puncture needle tube and the connecting tube by the breathing movement, causing the gas pressure in this space to continue to increase. Since the rubber diaphragm is a thin elastic material, when the gas pressure in the space is sufficient to overcome the weight of the rubber diaphragm and the external atmospheric pressure, the rubber diaphragm is temporarily lifted upward, and the air in this space is discharged into the space between the rubber diaphragm and the second air chamber cover through the pores between the support frames, and further discharged to the outside atmosphere through the isolation gauze. After the gas is discharged, the gas pressure in the space surrounded by the first air chamber cover and the rubber diaphragm drops, and the rubber diaphragm will be reset under the action of the external atmospheric pressure, that is, it will be pressed tightly against the surface of the support frame, covering the pores between the support frames, so that the outside air cannot flow back to the space surrounded by the first air chamber cover and the rubber diaphragm and the pleural cavity. In the above process, the rubber diaphragm cooperates with the pores on the support frame to realize the one-way airflow conduction from the pleural cavity to the outside world, thereby realizing the one-way exhaust effect from the inside to the outside of the pleural cavity of the tension pneumothorax victim, so that the air in the pleural cavity is continuously discharged from the body through breathing movements, which is conducive to restoring the normal physiological negative pressure state of the pleural cavity, and effectively promotes the expansion of the injured lung and the recovery of the victim. Compared with the method of using a rubber finger sleeve to temporarily make a simple valve and tie it to the tail of the puncture needle, this solution can realize the one-way exhaust function more safely and reliably, and the operation is simpler and more efficient, saving time and effort, and is more suitable for treatment in out-of-hospital environments such as battlefields.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting plug has a trumpet-shaped structure that is thick at the top and thin at the bottom.

[0011] By adopting this technical solution, the connecting plug and the connecting pipe are connected by plug-in, which is easy to operate and has a tight connection.

[0012] Preferably, a first internal thread is provided on the lower inner wall of the second air chamber cover; and a first external thread matching the first internal thread is provided on the upper outer wall of the first air chamber cover.

[0013] By adopting this technical solution, the second air chamber cover is fixedly connected with the first air chamber cover through threads, and the detachable connection between the two facilitates the installation / replacement of the umbrella valve.

[0014] Preferably, a side hole is provided on the tube wall of the head end of the puncture needle tube.

[0015] By adopting this technical solution: the side hole on the tube wall at the head end of the puncture needle tube adds an exhaust structure to prevent the situation where there is only one exhaust hole and the pleural cavity gas cannot be discharged when it is blocked.

[0016] Preferably, a longitudinal groove is provided on the outer tube wall of the connecting tube.

[0017] By adopting this technical solution: during the rescue process, the longitudinal grooves are conducive to the firm clamping of instruments such as hemostatic forceps to assist in the operation.

[0018] Preferably, it further comprises: a gasket, which is detachably mounted on the outside of the tube body of the puncture needle tube and is located below the needle tube fixing device; and a second dressing layer is provided on one side of the gasket.

[0019] By adopting this technical solution: during the puncture process, the limit thickness of the needle, that is, the insertion depth, can be adjusted for the wounded with different chest wall thicknesses to avoid damage to the lungs caused by excessive puncture of the needle.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] Firstly, the present invention solves the problem of fixing the puncture needle tube. The puncture needle tube is firmly fixed on the chest wall through the needle tube fixing device, preventing the puncture needle tube from falling off or being inserted too deeply to further cause lung damage.

[0022] Secondly, the one-way exhaust device has been improved. The one-way exhaust valve is easy to use, tightly connected, has a reliable one-way exhaust function, is small in size, and is easy to carry; it has a simple structure and a low price. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cannula-type puncture needle in Example 1. In this figure, the puncture needle core is inserted into the puncture needle tube.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of each component in the explosion state of Example 1. The puncture needle core is omitted in this figure.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a top view schematic diagram of the support frame in the first air cabin cover.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of each component in the explosion state of Example 2. The puncture needle core is omitted in this figure, and the number of gaskets used in this figure is one.

[0027] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the top view of the gasket.

[0028] In the figure, the component names corresponding to the reference numerals are as follows:

[0029] 110, puncture needle core; 120, puncture needle tube; 130, connecting tube; 121, side hole; 200, fixing plate; 210, first dressing layer; 310, second air chamber cover; 320, rubber diaphragm; 330, first air chamber cover; 311, first internal thread; 312, isolation gauze; 331, first external thread; 332, supporting frame; 333, limiting hole; 340, limiting knot; 350, connecting plug; 360, limiting strip; 131, longitudinal groove; 400, gasket; 410, second dressing layer; 420, opening; 430, middle hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1-3 :

[0032] A thoracentesis kit with a one-way exhaust function comprises: a cannula-type puncture needle, a needle tube fixing device, and a one-way exhaust valve.

[0033] The sleeve-type puncture needle comprises a puncture needle core 110, a puncture needle tube 120 and a connecting tube 130; the inner diameter of the puncture needle tube 120 matches the diameter of the puncture needle core 110; the tail end of the puncture needle tube 120 is connected to and fixedly connected to the connecting tube 130 as a whole; a longitudinal groove 131 is provided on the outer tube wall of the connecting tube 130.

[0034] The needle tube fixing device is fixedly installed on the outer side of the tube wall at the connection between the puncture needle tube 120 and the connecting tube 130; the needle tube fixing device includes a fixing plate 200 and a first applying layer 210; the first applying layer 210 is attached to the lower side of the fixing plate 200, and includes an adhesive layer and an oil paper layer covering its surface.

[0035] The one-way exhaust valve includes a first air cabin cover 330, an umbrella-shaped valve and a second air cabin cover 310; the second air cabin cover 310 is a hollow cylindrical structure; an isolation mesh 312 is provided at the upper end of the second air cabin cover 310, and the lower end of the second air cabin cover 310 is detachably connected to the upper end of the first air cabin cover 330; the first air cabin cover 330 is a hollow cylindrical structure; a support frame 332 is provided on the upper side of the first air cabin cover 330, and the support frame 332 is in a cross shape, and other conventional shapes such as a Y shape may also be adopted in practice. The center position of the support frame 332 is provided with a limiting hole 333; the umbrella-shaped valve includes a rubber diaphragm 320 and a limiting strip 360; the limiting strip 360 is movably mounted on the limiting hole 333, and one end of the limiting strip 360 is fixedly connected to the center position of the rubber diaphragm 320, and the other end of the limiting strip 360 is provided with a limiting knot 340 with a diameter larger than the diameter of the limiting hole 333; the limiting strip 360 passes through the limiting hole 333 and the rubber diaphragm 320 is fixedly connected to the center position of the rubber diaphragm 320 through the limiting knot 340. The diaphragm 320 is fixed on the support frame 332; the rubber diaphragm 320 is circular, and its diameter matches the inner diameter of the first air chamber cover 330. When it is covered on the support frame 332, the space surrounded by the first air chamber cover 330 and the second air chamber cover 310 is divided into two parts, the upper and lower parts; the lower end of the first air chamber cover 330 is conductively connected to a connecting plug 350, and the connecting plug 350 is detachably conductively connected to the connecting tube 130 at the tail end of the puncture needle tube 120 as a whole.

[0036] In this example: the puncture needle core 110 is a solid needle body made of stainless steel, its diameter is equal to the inner diameter of the puncture needle tube 120, and the needle tip is a sharp bevel; the length of the puncture needle core 110 is set to about 12 cm, which is much longer than the length of the puncture needle tube 120 plus the connecting tube 130, so as to facilitate holding and applying force during puncture. The material, hardness and diameter of the puncture needle tube 120 are the same as those of a No. 12 suction tube. After the needle core is pulled out, the needle tube will not be flattened by the elastic retraction force of the chest wall tissue to cause blockage, which is conducive to smooth exhaust; the length of the puncture needle tube 120 is set to 3.0-4.0cm, which is slightly larger than the average thickness of the chest wall of an ordinary adult, ensuring that the length of the puncture needle tube 120 can penetrate the chest wall to the pleural cavity and the lower side of the needle tube fixing device is close to the chest wall, and it will not penetrate too much and injure the lungs; the tube mouth of the puncture needle tube 120 is configured as a blunt circle with a protective effect; the side holes 121 are multiple, located at the head end of the puncture needle tube 120, and the shape can be circular or elliptical; the side holes 121 can be configured to be arranged in a straight line or staggered.

[0037] The fixing plate 200 is a round hard plastic sheet with a diameter of about 1.5-2.0 cm. The longitudinal groove on the outer side of the tube body of the connecting tube 130 is convenient for clamping and assisting operation by instruments such as hemostatic forceps. The connecting plug 350 is a trumpet-shaped structure with a thick top and a thin bottom, which is convenient for inserting the connecting tube 130 downward to tightly connect the one-way exhaust valve and the puncture needle tube 120 together. The rubber diaphragm 320, the limit strip 360, and the limit knot 340 are all made of soft and elastic rubber material. A first internal thread 311 is provided on the lower inner wall of the second air chamber cover 310; a first external thread 331 matching the first internal thread 311 is provided on the upper outer wall of the first air chamber cover 330; a detachable threaded connection is achieved between the two through the cooperation of the first internal thread 311 and the first external thread 331.

[0038] In practice, the working process is as follows: when performing emergency treatment on tension pneumothorax victims in out-of-hospital environments such as battle sites, first wipe dry the chest wall skin at the puncture site, take out the cannula puncture needle, insert the puncture needle core 110 into the puncture needle tube 120 so that only the bevel needle tip is exposed at the head end, remove the oil paper layer of the first dressing layer 210 on the lower side of the fixing plate 200, hold the cannula puncture needle and vertically pierce the victim's chest wall on the injured side until there is a sense of empty space, and continue to insert the needle a little bit until the needle tube fixing device is close to the chest wall, pull out the needle core and check whether there is gas discharge indicating that the puncture is successful, press the fixing plate 200 to make the first dressing layer 210 stick tightly to the chest wall skin, and then the puncture needle tube 120 can be firmly fixed on the chest wall to prevent accidental contact from causing the puncture needle tube 120 to penetrate too deeply and injure the lungs or fall out of the body. Then, the connecting plug 350 at the lower end of the one-way exhaust valve is inserted into the connecting tube 130 at the tail of the puncture needle tube 120, and the one-way exhaust valve and the puncture needle tube 120 are connected together. The residual air in the pleural cavity is introduced into the space surrounded by the first air chamber cover 330 and the rubber diaphragm 320 through the puncture needle tube 120 and the connecting tube 130 by breathing movement, so that the gas pressure in this space continues to increase. Since the rubber diaphragm 320 is a thin elastic material, when the gas pressure in the space is sufficient to overcome the weight of the rubber diaphragm 320 and the external atmospheric pressure, the rubber diaphragm 320 is temporarily lifted upward, and the air in this space is discharged into the space between the rubber diaphragm 320 and the second air chamber cover 310 through the pores between the support frame 332, and further discharged to the external atmosphere through the isolation mesh 312. After the gas is discharged, the gas pressure in the space surrounded by the first air chamber cover 330 and the rubber diaphragm 320 decreases, and the rubber diaphragm 320 will be reset under the action of the external atmospheric pressure, that is, it will be pressed tightly against the surface of the support frame 332, covering the pores between the support frame 332, so that the external air cannot flow back to the space surrounded by the first air chamber cover 330 and the rubber diaphragm 320 and the pleural cavity. In the above process, the rubber diaphragm 320 cooperates with the pores on the support frame 332 to realize the one-way airflow conduction of the pleural cavity to the outside world, thereby realizing the one-way exhaust effect from the inside to the outside of the pleural cavity of the tension pneumothorax victim, so that the air in the pleural cavity is continuously discharged from the body through breathing movements, which is conducive to restoring the normal physiological negative pressure state of the pleural cavity, and effectively promoting the re-expansion of the injured side lung and the recovery of the victim. Compared with the method of using a rubber finger sleeve to temporarily make a simple valve and tie it to the tail of the puncture needle, this solution can realize the one-way exhaust function more safely and reliably, and the operation is simpler and more efficient, saving time and effort, and is more suitable for treatment in out-of-hospital environments such as battlefields.

[0039] Example 2, please refer to Figure 4-5 :

[0040] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that:

[0041] In this example, it also includes: at least one gasket 400, which is detachably mounted on the outside of the tube body of the puncture needle tube 120 and is located below the needle tube fixing device; a second application layer 410 is provided on one side of the gasket 400. Specifically: the gasket 400 is circular, and a middle hole 430 is provided at the center of the circle, and the size of the middle hole 430 matches the diameter of the puncture needle tube 120. An opening 420 extending from the edge to the middle hole 430 is provided on one side, and the gasket 400 can be embedded and fixed on the puncture needle tube 120 through the opening 420; the size of the gasket 400 is configured to be 5mm thick and 20-25mm in diameter. In practice: for patients with different weights and chest wall thicknesses, if there is still a gap between the lower side of the needle tube fixing device and the chest wall after the puncture needle penetrates the chest wall and enters the pleural cavity, several gaskets 400 can be embedded until the gap is filled. The gaskets 400 are pasted layer by layer with a dressing and finally fixed to the chest wall skin. This can not only properly fix the puncture needle tube 120 on the chest wall, but also prevent the needle from piercing too deeply and injuring the lungs.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, if these changes fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, they still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thoracentesis kit with one-way exhaust function, characterized in that: include: A cannula-type puncture needle, the cannula-type puncture needle comprising a puncture needle core, a puncture needle tube and a connecting tube; the inner diameter of the puncture needle tube matches the diameter of the puncture needle core; the tail end of the puncture needle tube is connected to the connecting tube and fixedly connected as a whole; A needle tube fixing device, the needle tube fixing device is fixedly installed on the outer side of the tube wall at the connection between the puncture needle tube and the connecting tube; the needle tube fixing device comprises a fixing plate and a first application layer; the first application layer is attached to the lower side of the fixing plate, and is composed of an adhesive layer and an oil paper layer covering the surface thereof; A one-way exhaust valve, wherein the one-way exhaust valve comprises a first air chamber cover, an umbrella-shaped valve and a second air chamber cover; the second air chamber cover is a hollow cylindrical structure; an isolation gauze is provided at the upper end of the second air chamber cover, and the lower end of the second air chamber cover is detachably connected to the upper end of the first air chamber cover as a whole; the first air chamber cover is a hollow cylindrical structure; a support frame is provided on the upper side surface of the first air chamber cover, and a limit hole is provided on the support frame; the umbrella-shaped valve comprises a rubber diaphragm and a limit strip; the limit strip is movably mounted on the limit hole, and one end of the limit strip is fixedly connected to the rubber diaphragm, and the other end of the limit strip is provided with a limit knot having a diameter greater than the diameter of the limit hole; the rubber diaphragm is circular in shape, and its diameter matches the inner diameter of the first air chamber cover; the lower end of the first air chamber cover is conductively connected to a connecting plug, and the connecting plug is detachably conductively connected to the connecting tube at the tail end of the puncture needle tube as a whole.

2. The thoracentesis kit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting plug is in a trumpet-shaped structure that is thick at the top and thin at the bottom.

3. The thoracentesis kit according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first internal thread is arranged on the lower inner wall of the second air chamber cover; and a first external thread matching the first internal thread is arranged on the upper outer wall of the first air chamber cover.

4. The thoracentesis kit according to claim 3, characterized in that: A side hole is arranged on the tube wall of the head end of the puncture needle tube.

5. The thoracentesis kit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer tube wall of the connecting tube is provided with a longitudinal groove.

6. The thoracentesis kit according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A gasket is detachably mounted on the outside of the tube body of the puncture needle tube and is located below the needle tube fixing device; a second dressing layer is provided on one side of the gasket.

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