Fire blanket

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a fire blanket. The fire blanket comprises a fiber base body, the first surface of the fiber base body is covered with an expansion type fireproof coating, and the second surface of the fiber base body is covered with a non-combustible coating. The intumescent fireproof coating comprises a first polymer component and an intumescent flame retardant distributed in the first polymer component; and the non-combustible coating comprises a second polymer component and a non-combustible filler distributed in the second polymer component. The fire blanket is resistant to high temperature and good in sealing performance and can meet the emergency requirement of the new energy vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of fireproof materials; in particular, to a fire blanket. Background Art

[0002] The safety of new energy vehicles during transportation and centralized parking in confined spaces has received extensive attention. Therefore, research on fire safety technology for new energy vehicles is extremely important. At present, the fire fighting technology used by new energy vehicles is mostly traditional sprinkler fire extinguishing, but it consumes a lot of water, is difficult to apply immediately, affects road traffic, and is difficult to apply in small and confined spaces. However, the fire blanket for vehicles has the advantages of being convenient and fast, simple to use, having little impact on the surrounding environment, being economical and environmentally friendly, and having no expiration date, making it a product with great potential. The working principle of fire blanket is to extinguish fire by isolating the contact between combustibles and oxygen (air). In the application of fire blanket for personnel escape, the fire blanket needs to have a certain air permeability to meet the normal ventilation of personnel; in the fire scene of new energy vehicles, the air permeability of conventional fire blankets makes it impossible to completely isolate the contact between the vehicle body and oxygen, resulting in limited fire extinguishing effect. The use of sealed fire-proof coatings can not only improve the barrier properties of the fire blanket surface, but also protect the internal fiber structure, but these coatings are usually polymer materials, which will decompose or burn at temperatures above 300°C, exposing the fire-resistant fiber cloth, thereby affecting the sealing effect and fire extinguishing effect of the fire blanket. In addition, the fire-proof coating for fire blankets of new energy vehicles is still immature. Most of the coatings are optimized from the fire-proof coatings for buildings. There is no independent system and no independent development according to the emergency handling needs of the whole vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a fire blanket with good high temperature resistance and sealing performance, which can meet the emergency needs of new energy vehicles.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a fire blanket, comprising a fiber matrix, a first surface of the fiber matrix is ​​covered with an intumescent fire retardant coating, and a second surface of the fiber matrix is ​​covered with a non-combustible coating; The intumescent fire-resistant coating comprises a first polymer component and an intumescent flame retardant distributed in the first polymer component; The non-combustible coating layer includes a second polymer component and a non-combustible filler distributed in the second polymer component.

[0005] Optionally, the intumescent flame retardant is a single-component intumescent flame retardant.

[0006] Optionally, the one-component intumescent flame retardant comprises an oxyacid salt of phosphorus.

[0007] Optionally, the oxygen-containing acid salt of phosphorus includes one or more of phosphate, phytate, phenylphosphonate, phenylphosphinate and ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonate.

[0008] Optionally, the phosphorus oxoacid salt comprises an organic amine cation.

[0009] Optionally, the organic amine cation includes one or more of a melamine cation, a piperazine cation and a pyrimidinium cation.

[0010] Optionally, the one-component intumescent flame retardant includes one or more of melamine phosphate, piperazine phytate, melamine phenylphosphonate, melamine phenylphosphinate, melamine ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonate and cytosine phytate.

[0011] Optionally, the intumescent flame retardant includes ammonium polyphosphate and melamine; the weight ratio of the ammonium polyphosphate:melamine is 1:1-5.

[0012] Optionally, the intumescent fire retardant coating further comprises a first auxiliary component; Wherein, based on the total weight of the intumescent fire retardant coating, the content of the first polymer component is 60-80% by weight, the content of the intumescent flame retardant is 12-25% by weight, and the content of the first auxiliary component is 3-20% by weight.

[0013] Optionally, the first polymer component includes one or more of epoxy resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and silicone rubber; The first auxiliary component includes one or more of a curing agent, a film-forming agent, a leveling agent and a stabilizer.

[0014] Optionally, the non-combustible filler in the non-combustible coating comprises a first non-combustible filler component and a second non-combustible filler component; the non-combustible coating further comprises a second auxiliary agent component; Among them, based on the total weight of the non-combustible coating, the content of the second polymer component is 60~80% by weight, the content of the first non-combustible filler component is 5~20% by weight, the content of the second non-combustible filler component is 4~20% by weight, and the content of the second auxiliary component is 3~20% by weight.

[0015] Optionally, the second polymer component includes one or more of epoxy resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and silicone rubber; The first non-combustible filler includes one or more of silicon dioxide and glass microspheres; The second non-combustible filler comprises one or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide and iron oxide; The second auxiliary component includes one or more of a curing agent, a film former, a leveling agent and a stabilizer.

[0016] Optionally, the thickness of the intumescent fire retardant coating is 0.05-0.5 mm, and the thickness of the non-combustible coating is 0.05-0.5 mm.

[0017] Optionally, the fiber matrix is ​​a fiber woven cloth, and the fiber woven cloth includes one or more of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, aramid fiber and wool fiber; The thickness of the fiber matrix is ​​0.15-0.7 mm.

[0018] Through the above technical scheme, the present disclosure provides a fire blanket, the two surfaces of which respectively include an intumescent fire retardant coating and a non-combustible coating. When used for fire extinguishing, the intumescent fire retardant coating contacts the fire source, while the non-combustible coating contacts the air. When heated above 300°C, the intumescent fire retardant coating undergoes thermal decomposition and partial combustion, producing a dense and thick intumescent carbon layer to protect the internal fiber cloth from being exposed to the flame, and the intumescent flame retardant in the intumescent fire retardant coating can also produce non-combustible gas to dilute the concentration of combustible gas. In addition, the produced intumescent carbon layer can fill the gap between the blanket body and the vehicle body, reduce the oxygen concentration, and prevent further combustion; and the non-combustible coating does not undergo significant changes, thereby ensuring its sealing and fire extinguishing performance. The intumescent fire retardant coating and the non-combustible coating of the fire blanket provided by the present disclosure are both in the form of coatings, which can be designed to meet the requirements of the fire blanket contacting the fire source and the air, so as to achieve good sealing and thermal insulation, so as to achieve the purpose of efficient fire extinguishing of the whole vehicle fire.

[0019] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is the X-ray diffraction pattern of the sample after combustion in Example 1 of the present disclosure; Figure 2 This is the X-ray diffraction pattern of the sample after combustion in Comparative Example 1 of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, and are not used to limit the present disclosure.

[0022] The present disclosure provides a fire blanket, comprising a fiber matrix, a first surface of the fiber matrix is ​​covered with an intumescent fireproof coating, and a second surface of the fiber matrix is ​​covered with a non-combustible coating; The intumescent fire-resistant coating comprises a first polymer component and an intumescent flame retardant distributed in the first polymer component; The non-combustible coating layer includes a second polymer component and a non-combustible filler distributed in the second polymer component.

[0023] The present disclosure provides a fire blanket, the two surfaces of which respectively include an intumescent fire retardant coating and a non-combustible coating. When used for fire extinguishing, the intumescent fire retardant coating contacts the fire source, while the non-combustible coating contacts the air. When heated above 300°C, the intumescent fire retardant coating undergoes thermal decomposition and partial combustion, producing a dense and thick intumescent carbon layer to protect the internal fiber cloth from being exposed to the flame, and the intumescent flame retardant in the intumescent fire retardant coating can also produce non-combustible gas to dilute the concentration of combustible gas. In addition, the produced intumescent carbon layer can fill the gap between the blanket body and the vehicle body, reduce the oxygen concentration, and prevent further combustion; and the non-combustible coating does not undergo significant changes, thereby ensuring its sealing and fire extinguishing performance. The intumescent fire retardant coating and the non-combustible coating of the fire blanket provided by the present disclosure are in the form of coatings, which can be designed to meet the requirements of the fire blanket contacting the fire source and the air, so as to achieve good sealing and thermal insulation, so as to achieve the purpose of efficient fire extinguishing of the entire vehicle fire.

[0024] In one embodiment, the intumescent flame retardant is a single-component intumescent flame retardant. Compared with conventional two-component intumescent flame retardants, the single-component intumescent flame retardant used in the present disclosure has the advantages of small addition amount, high efficiency and high mechanical strength.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the one-component intumescent flame retardant includes an oxyacid salt of phosphorus, and the oxyacid salt of phosphorus contains an organic amine cation. The use of the oxyacid salt of phosphorus provided in this embodiment as a one-component intumescent flame retardant has an excellent flame retardant effect, wherein the phosphorus-containing part has a catalytic carbonization effect, prevents combustion, and improves the fire extinguishing effect of the fire blanket.

[0026] In a specific embodiment, the phosphorus oxygen acid salt includes one or more of phosphate, phytate, phenylphosphonate, phenylphosphinate and ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonate. The phosphorus oxygen acid salt used in the present disclosure can have a better flame retardant effect.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the phosphorus oxyacid salt comprises an organic amine cation. The present disclosure introduces an organic amine cation into a single-component intumescent flame retardant to generate nitrogen and / or ammonia, prevent combustion, and improve the fire extinguishing effect of the fire blanket.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the organic amine cation includes one or more of melamine cation, piperazine cation and pyrimidinium cation. The combination of the organic amine cation and the phosphate group provided in this embodiment can obtain a single-component intumescent flame retardant with better flame retardancy.

[0029] In a further preferred embodiment, the one-component intumescent flame retardant includes one or more of melamine phosphate, piperazine phytate, melamine phenylphosphonate, melamine phenylphosphinate, melamine ethylenediamine tetramethylenephosphonate and cytosine phytate. The one-component intumescent flame retardant provided in this embodiment has the effects of small addition amount, high efficiency and high mechanical strength.

[0030] The one-component intumescent flame retardant used in the present disclosure can be obtained through common commercial channels or prepared by known methods.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, the one-component intumescent flame retardant is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: The aqueous solution of the first raw material is contacted with the aqueous solution of the second raw material to react to obtain a suspension; the first raw material is selected from one or more of the organic amine cationic compounds, and the second raw material is selected from one or more of the oxygen-containing acids of phosphorus; The solid in the suspension is dried to obtain a single-component intumescent flame retardant. The preparation process of the single-component intumescent flame retardant provided by the present disclosure is simple and easy.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the organic amine cationic compound is selected from one or more of melamine, piperazine and pyrimidine; the second raw material is selected from one or more of phosphoric acid, phytic acid, phenylphosphonic acid, phenylphosphinic acid and ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of the first raw material in the aqueous solution of the first raw material is 0.0001~0.001 mol / mL, preferably 0.0004~0.0006 mol / mL; the concentration of the second raw material in the aqueous solution of the second raw material is 0.0001~0.003 mol / mL, preferably 0.001~0.002 mol / mL; preferably, the molar ratio of the first raw material: the second raw material is 1:0.16~3, preferably 1:0.5~2; according to the molar ratio of the raw materials in this embodiment, better synthesis efficiency is achieved.

[0034] In a specific implementation manner, the reaction temperature is 25-100°C, and the reaction time is 2-24 hours; the drying temperature is 80-110°C, and the drying time is 24-72 hours.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the preparation method includes: adding the aqueous solution of the second raw material dropwise to the aqueous solution of the first raw material, which is beneficial for controlling the reaction to be sufficient and having a higher yield.

[0036] In another embodiment, the intumescent flame retardant may include melamine and ammonium polyphosphate, wherein the weight ratio of melamine to ammonium polyphosphate is 1:1 to 5, preferably 1:2 to 4. The two-component intumescent flame retardant in this embodiment may also achieve a good fire extinguishing effect.

[0037] In one embodiment, the intumescent fire retardant coating further comprises a first auxiliary component, so that the single-component intumescent flame retardant is more evenly dispersed in the matrix formed by the first polymer component, thereby further improving the fireproof effect of the fire retardant coating.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, based on the total weight of the intumescent fire-retardant coating, the content of the first polymer component can be 60-80% by weight, including but not limited to 60% by weight, 65% by weight, 70% by weight, 75% by weight, 80% by weight or any value within the range formed by any two of them; the content of the single-component intumescent flame retardant can be 12-25% by weight, including but not limited to 15% by weight, 18% by weight, 20% by weight, 22% by weight, 24% by weight, 25% by weight or any value within the range formed by any two of them; the content of the first auxiliary component can be 3-20% by weight, including but not limited to 3% by weight, 5% by weight, 10% by weight, 12% by weight, 15% by weight, 18% by weight, 20% by weight or any value within the range formed by any two of them; preferably, the content of the first polymer component can be 64-75% by weight, the content of the single-component intumescent flame retardant can be 15-20% by weight, and the content of the first auxiliary component can be 5-16% by weight. The intumescent fire retardant coating having the component content in this embodiment, especially having the preferred component content, can provide a fire blanket with a more excellent fire extinguishing effect.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, the first polymer component includes one or more of epoxy resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and silicone rubber; The first auxiliary component includes one or more of a curing agent, a film former, a leveling agent and a stabilizer. The curing agent, the film former, the leveling agent and the stabilizer can be conventional types in the art, wherein the curing agent can be one or more of aromatic amines, fatty amines and acid anhydrides, the film former can be one or more of cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylic acid, the leveling agent can be one or more of fluorocarbon leveling agents, acrylate leveling agents and polyether-siloxane leveling agents, and the stabilizer can be one or more of calcium zinc stabilizers, metal amide stabilizers and lead stearate stabilizers.

[0040] In one embodiment, the non-combustible filler in the non-combustible coating includes a first non-combustible filler component and a second non-combustible filler component; the non-combustible coating also includes a second auxiliary component, which can improve the non-combustibility and sealing properties of the non-combustible coating.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, based on the total weight of the non-combustible coating, the content of the second polymer component can be 60-80% by weight, including but not limited to 60% by weight, 65% by weight, 70% by weight, 75% by weight, 80% by weight or any value within the range formed by any two of them; the content of the first non-combustible filler component can be 5-20% by weight, including but not limited to 5% by weight, 10% by weight, 12% by weight, 14% by weight, 16% by weight, 18% by weight, 20% by weight or any value within the range formed by any two of them; the content of the second non-combustible filler component can be 4-20% by weight, including Including but not limited to 5 weight%, 10 weight%, 12 weight%, 14 weight%, 16 weight%, 18 weight%, 20 weight%; the content of the second auxiliary agent component is 3-20 weight%, including but not limited to 3 weight%, 5 weight%, 10 weight%, 12 weight%, 15 weight%, 18 weight%, 20 weight% or any value within the range formed by any two of them; preferably, the content of the second polymer component is 64-70 weight%, the content of the first non-combustible filler component is 10-18 weight%, the content of the second non-combustible filler component is 5-10 weight%, and the content of the second auxiliary agent component is 5-18 weight%. When the content of each component in the non-combustible coating is within the range of this embodiment, especially within the preferred range, the non-combustible coating has better non-combustibility and sealing properties, and improves the fire extinguishing effect of the fire blanket.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, the second polymer component includes one or more of epoxy resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and silicone rubber; The first non-combustible filler includes one or more of silicon dioxide and glass microspheres; The second non-combustible filler comprises one or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide and iron oxide; The second auxiliary component includes one or more of a curing agent, a film former, a leveling agent and a stabilizer. The curing agent, the film former, the leveling agent and the stabilizer can be conventional types in the art, wherein the curing agent can be one or more of aromatic amines, fatty amines and acid anhydrides, the film former can be one or more of cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylic acid, the leveling agent can be one or more of fluorocarbon leveling agents, acrylate leveling agents and polyether-siloxane leveling agents, and the stabilizer can be one or more of calcium zinc stabilizers, metal amide stabilizers and lead stearate stabilizers.

[0043] In one embodiment, the thickness of the intumescent fire retardant coating is 0.05-0.5 mm, preferably 0.05-0.3 mm; the thickness of the non-combustible coating is 0.05-0.5 mm, preferably 0.05-0.3 mm. With the thickness in this embodiment, the fire blanket has good sealing performance on the fire contact surface and good non-combustibility on the fire-resistant surface.

[0044] In one embodiment, the fiber matrix includes one or more of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, aramid fiber and wool fiber; the thickness of the fiber matrix is ​​0.15-0.7 mm, preferably 0.3-0.4 mm. The fiber matrix used in the present disclosure can be prepared by conventional methods or purchased through commercial channels.

[0045] In the present disclosure, the intumescent fire retardant coating and the non-combustible coating on the surface of the fiber substrate can be applied by conventional coating methods (eg, blade coating with a coater).

[0046] In a specific embodiment, the intumescent fire retardant coating is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: (1) mixing a first polymer component, an intumescent flame retardant and a first auxiliary component to obtain a first raw material liquid or a first raw material melt, the mixing temperature being 100 to 170° C.; (2) applying the first raw material liquid to the first surface of the fiber matrix by a coating process such as scraping or spraying, or applying the first raw material melt to the first surface of the fiber matrix by pressing; (3) The coated fiber matrix is ​​placed in a dry phase for curing at a curing temperature of 100-150 °C.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, the non-combustible coating is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: (1) mixing the second polymer component, the first non-combustible filler, the second non-combustible filler component and the second auxiliary component to obtain a second raw material liquid or a second raw material melt, and the mixing temperature is 100-170° C.; (2) applying the second raw material liquid to the second surface of the fiber matrix by a coating process such as scraping or spraying, or applying the second raw material melt to the second surface of the fiber matrix by pressing; (3) The coated fiber matrix is ​​placed in a dry phase for curing at a curing temperature of 100-150 °C.

[0048] The fire blanket provided by the present disclosure can be applied to the field of fire extinguishing of new energy vehicles.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, the intumescent fireproof coating of the fire blanket is used to contact a fire source. The fire blanket provided by the present disclosure has an excellent fire extinguishing effect in the field of fire extinguishing of new energy vehicles.

[0050] The present disclosure is further described in detail by way of examples. The raw materials used in the examples can all be obtained through commercial sources.

[0051] The X-ray diffraction pattern was obtained by X-ray diffractometer at 5-80° and 2° / min.

[0052] In the following examples: Melamine phosphate was prepared by the following method: 0.15 mol of melamine was dissolved in 350 ml of deionized water, placed in a 1000 ml three-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, stirred at 100 °C for 45 min to dissolve, then a solution containing 0.5 mol of phosphoric acid was added dropwise, slowly added to the reactor and continued for 3 h, the obtained suspension was filtered and washed with water, and the obtained white solid was dried at 80 °C for 48 h to obtain melamine phosphate; Piperazine phytate was prepared by the following method: 0.15 mol of piperazine was dissolved in 350 ml of deionized water, placed in a 1000 ml three-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, stirred at room temperature for 45 min to dissolve, then a solution containing 0.05 mol of phytic acid was added dropwise, slowly added to the reactor and continued for 3 h, the obtained suspension was filtered and washed with water, and the obtained white solid was dried at 80 ° C for 48 h to obtain piperazine phytate; Melamine phenylphosphonate was prepared by the following method: 0.15 mol of melamine was dissolved in 350 ml of deionized water, placed in a 1000 ml three-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, stirred at 100 °C for 45 min to dissolve, then a solution containing 0.5 mol of phenylphosphonic acid was added dropwise, slowly added to a reactor and continued for 3 h, the obtained suspension was filtered and washed with water, and the obtained white solid was dried at 80 °C for 48 h to obtain melamine phenylphosphonate; Melamine phenylphosphinate was prepared by the following method: 0.15 mol of melamine was dissolved in 350 ml of deionized water, placed in a 1000 ml three-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, stirred at 100 °C for 45 min to dissolve, then a solution containing 0.5 mol of phenylphosphinic acid was added dropwise, slowly added to a reactor and continued for 3 h, the obtained suspension was filtered and washed with water, and the obtained white solid was dried at 80 °C for 48 h to obtain melamine phenylphosphinate; Melamine ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonate is prepared by the following method: 0.15 mol of melamine is dissolved in 350 ml of deionized water, placed in a 1000 ml three-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, and stirred at 100°C for 45 minutes to dissolve, and then a solution containing 0.5 mol of ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid is added dropwise, slowly added to the reactor and continued for 3 hours, the obtained suspension is filtered and washed with water, and the obtained white solid is dried at 80°C for 48 hours to obtain melamine ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonate.

[0053] Pyrimidine phytate was prepared by the following method: 0.15 mol of a pyrimidine derivative was dissolved in 350 ml of deionized water, placed in a 1000 ml three-necked flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, and stirred at 100 °C for 45 min to dissolve, followed by dropwise addition of a solution containing 0.5 mol of phytic acid, which was slowly added to the reactor and continued for 3 h. The obtained product was rotary evaporated and washed with ethanol, and the obtained white solid was dried at 80 °C for 48 h to obtain pyrimidine phytate.

[0054] Example 1 The composition and weight ratio of the intumescent fire retardant coating in this embodiment are as follows: based on the total weight of the intumescent fire retardant coating raw materials, 64 weight % of silicone rubber resin (first polymer component), 10 weight % of piperazine phytate (single-component intumescent flame retardant), 10 weight % of melamine phenylphosphonate (single-component intumescent flame retardant), the total content of the single-component intumescent flame retardant is 20 weight %, and 16 weight % of the first curing agent (diethylaminomethyltriethoxysilane, the first auxiliary component); The production process is as follows: (1) silicone rubber resin, piperazine phytate, melamine phenylphosphonate and the first curing agent are mixed uniformly by mechanical stirring for 30 min at 100 °C; (2) 5 ml of the uniformly mixed dispersion is drawn and coated on a glass fiber cloth (100 mm × 100 mm × 0.15 mm) using a wire rod on a coater, with a coating thickness of 0.08 mm. (3) The mixture is placed at 100 °C for 2 h and 150 °C for 3 h to fully cure.

[0055] The composition and weight ratio of the non-combustible coating in this embodiment are as follows: based on the total weight of the non-combustible coating, 64 weight % of silicone rubber resin (second polymer component), 10 weight % of silicon dioxide (first non-combustible filler), 10 weight % of aluminum hydroxide (second non-combustible filler), and 16 weight % of curing agent (diethylaminomethyltriethoxysilane, second auxiliary component); The production process is as follows: (1) Mix the silicone rubber resin, silicon dioxide, aluminum hydroxide and the second curing agent by mechanical stirring at 100 °C for 30 min; (2) Take 5 ml of the mixed emulsion and use a wire rod to scrape the fiber cloth on the coater, with a coating thickness of 0.08 mm. (3) First place it in a 100 °C environment for curing for 2 hours, and then cure it in a 150 °C environment for 3 hours to make it completely cured.

[0056] Figure 1 This is the X-ray diffraction spectrum of the fire blanket sample prepared in this embodiment after combustion, wherein there are characteristic peaks at 2θ of 26° and 38°, representing the components of crystalline graphite and silicon dioxide, respectively; it can be seen from the figure that the coating of the fire blanket of this embodiment is not completely burned, and there are residual crystalline components, indicating that it has a certain flame retardant effect.

[0057] Example 2 This example refers to the preparation method in Example 1, and the difference from Example 1 is that: The single-component intumescent flame retardant was replaced with 20 wt % of melamine phosphate, and the rest of the process was the same as in Example 1.

[0058] Example 3 This example refers to the preparation method in Example 1, and the difference from Example 1 is that: The single-component intumescent flame retardant was replaced with 20 wt % of melamine phenylphosphinate, and the rest of the process was the same as in Example 1.

[0059] Example 4 This example refers to the preparation method in Example 1, and the difference from Example 1 is that: The single-component intumescent flame retardant was replaced with 20 wt % of melamine ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonate, and the rest of the process was the same as in Example 1.

[0060] Example 5 This example refers to the preparation method in Example 1, and the difference from Example 1 is that: Based on the total weight of the raw materials of the intumescent fire retardant coating, 70.4 weight% of silicone rubber resin (first polymer component), 8 weight% of piperazine phytate (single-component intumescent flame retardant), 4 weight% of melamine phenylphosphonate (single-component intumescent flame retardant), the total content of the single-component intumescent flame retardant is 12 weight%, and 17.6 weight% of the first curing agent (diethylaminomethyltriethoxysilane reagent); the rest of the process is the same as Example 1.

[0061] Example 6 This example refers to the preparation method in Example 1, and the difference from Example 1 is that: Based on the total weight of the raw materials of the intumescent fire retardant coating, 72 weight% of silicone rubber resin (first polymer component), 5 weight% of piperazine phytate (single-component intumescent flame retardant), 5 weight% of melamine phenylphosphonate (single-component intumescent flame retardant), the total content of the single-component intumescent flame retardant is 10 weight%, and 18 weight% of the first curing agent (diethylaminomethyltriethoxysilane reagent); the rest of the process is the same as Example 1.

[0062] Example 7 This example refers to the preparation method in Example 1, and the difference from Example 1 is that: The composition and weight ratio of the non-combustible coating in this embodiment are as follows: based on the total weight of the non-combustible coating, 70.4 weight% of silicone rubber resin (the second polymer component), 8 weight% of silicon dioxide, 4 weight% of aluminum hydroxide, and 17.6 weight% of a curing agent (diethylaminomethyltriethoxysilane reagent); the rest of the process is the same as in Example 1.

[0063] Example 8 This example refers to the preparation method in Example 1, and the difference from Example 1 is that; The composition and weight ratio of the non-combustible coating are as follows: based on the total weight of the non-combustible coating, 54 weight % of silicone rubber resin (the second polymer component), 25 weight % of silicon dioxide, 3 weight % of aluminum hydroxide, and 18 weight % of a curing agent (diethylaminomethyltriethoxysilane reagent); the rest of the process is the same as in Example 1.

[0064] Example 9 This embodiment refers to the method in Embodiment 1, and the difference from Embodiment 1 is that: The "10 wt % piperazine phytate (single-component intumescent flame retardant) and 10 wt % melamine phenylphosphonate (single-component intumescent flame retardant)" in Example 1 were replaced with a two-component flame retardant, including 10 wt % ammonium polyphosphate and 10 wt % melamine (two-component intumescent flame retardant, the weight ratio of ammonium polyphosphate to melamine was 1:1). The rest of the process was the same as in Example 1, and a fire blanket was prepared.

[0065] Example 10 This example refers to the preparation method in Example 1, and the difference from Example 1 is that: The single-component intumescent flame retardant was replaced with 20 wt % of pyrimidine phytate; the rest of the process was the same as in Example 1.

[0066] Comparative Example 1 The components and weight percentages of the double-sided coating of the fiber substrate in this comparative example are as follows: 95 weight % of two-component silicone rubber, 3 weight % of film former (cellulose reagent), and 2 weight % of stabilizer (calcium zinc stabilizer reagent).

[0067] The production process is as follows: (1) Mix the silicone rubber, film-forming agent and stabilizer by mechanical stirring for 15 minutes at room temperature; (2) Take 5 ml of the mixed emulsion and use a wire rod to scrape the glass fiber cloth on the applicator, with a coating thickness of 0.08 mm. (3) Place it at room temperature for 2 hours to allow it to fully cure.

[0068] Figure 2 : is the X-ray diffraction spectrum of the sample of this comparative example after combustion. It can be seen from the figure that the coating is completely burned and no crystalline components remain, indicating that the fire extinguishing effect of the fire blanket of this comparative example is poor.

[0069] Comparative Example 2 The components and weight percentages of the double-sided coatings of the fiber substrate in this comparative example are as follows: 80 weight percent of epoxy resin, and 20 weight percent of curing agent (diaminodiphenylmethane reagent).

[0070] The production process is as follows: (1) Mix the epoxy resin and curing agent by mechanical stirring at 100 °C for 30 min; (2) Take 5 ml of the evenly mixed dispersion and use a wire rod to scrape the glass fiber cloth (100 mm×100 mm×0.15 mm) on the applicator, with a coating thickness of 0.08 mm. (3) Place it at 100 °C for 2 h and 150 °C for 3 h to fully cure it.

[0071] Test Case This test example is used to illustrate the fire protection and extinguishing performance and expansion performance of the fire blanket prepared in the above embodiments and comparative examples.

[0072] Apply a 1000℃ fire source to the inner side of the fire blanket (first surface) for 30 minutes, measure the temperature of the back-fire surface (second surface) with a thermocouple, and record the peak temperature. The test results are listed in Table 1.

[0073] Use a ruler to measure the thickness of the sample after the backplane temperature test and record the maximum value. The test results are listed in Table 1.

[0074] Table 1

[0075] According to the data in Table 1: Compared with the fire blanket provided in Comparative Examples 1-2, the fire blanket provided in the embodiment has a lower back plate temperature peak, and the thickness of the sample after combustion is greater, indicating that the fire blanket provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure has a better fire extinguishing effect; Comparing Example 5 with Example 6, it can be seen that the composition of the intumescent fire-retardant coating material of the fire blanket in Example 5 is within the optimized range provided by the present disclosure, the back plate temperature peak of the fire blanket in Example 5 is lower, and the sample thickness after combustion is larger, and the fire extinguishing effect is better; Comparing Example 5 with Example 1, the composition of the intumescent fire-retardant coating material of the fire blanket in Example 1 is within the further preferred range provided by the present disclosure, the back plate temperature peak of the fire blanket in Example 1 is lower, and the sample thickness after combustion is larger, and the fire extinguishing effect is better; Comparing Example 7 with Example 8, the component content of the non-combustible coating in Example 7 is within the optimized range provided by the present disclosure, the back plate temperature peak of the fire blanket in Example 7 is lower, and the sample thickness after combustion is larger, and the fire extinguishing effect is better; Comparing Example 7 with Example 1, the component content of the non-combustible coating in Example 1 is within the further preferred range provided by the present disclosure, the back plate temperature peak of the fire blanket in Example 1 is lower, and the sample thickness after combustion is larger, and the fire extinguishing effect is better; Comparing Examples 1 to 4 and 10 with Example 9, the intumescent fire retardant coatings in Examples 1 to 4 and 10 use the single-component intumescent flame retardant provided by the present disclosure, and their effects are better than those of the two-component intumescent flame retardant in Example 9.

[0076] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above; however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0077] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0078] In addition, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A fire blanket, characterized in that: It comprises a fiber matrix, a first surface of the fiber matrix is ​​covered with an intumescent fireproof coating, and a second surface of the fiber matrix is ​​covered with a non-combustible coating; The intumescent fire-resistant coating comprises a first polymer component and an intumescent flame retardant distributed in the first polymer component; The non-combustible coating layer includes a second polymer component and a non-combustible filler distributed in the second polymer component.

2. The fire blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intumescent flame retardant is a single-component intumescent flame retardant.

3. The fire blanket according to claim 2, characterized in that: The one-component intumescent flame retardant includes an oxyacid salt of phosphorus.

4. The fire blanket according to claim 3, characterized in that: The oxygen-containing acid salt of phosphorus includes one or more of phosphate, phytate, phenylphosphonate, phenylphosphinate and ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonate.

5. The fire blanket according to claim 3, characterized in that: The phosphorus oxyacid salt comprises an organic amine cation.

6. The fire blanket according to claim 5, characterized in that: The organic amine cation includes one or more of a melamine cation, a piperazine cation and a pyrimidinium cation.

7. The fire blanket according to claim 2, characterized in that: The one-component intumescent flame retardant includes one or more of melamine phosphate, piperazine phytate, melamine phenylphosphonate, melamine phenylphosphinate, melamine ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonate and cytosine phytate.

8. The fire blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intumescent flame retardant comprises ammonium polyphosphate and melamine; the weight ratio of the ammonium polyphosphate to melamine is 1:1-5.

9. The fire blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intumescent fire retardant coating further comprises a first auxiliary component; Wherein, based on the total weight of the intumescent fire retardant coating, the content of the first polymer component is 60-80% by weight, the content of the intumescent flame retardant is 12-25% by weight, and the content of the first auxiliary component is 3-20% by weight.

10. The fire blanket according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first polymer component includes one or more of epoxy resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and silicone rubber; The first auxiliary component includes one or more of a curing agent, a film-forming agent, a leveling agent and a stabilizer.

11. The fire blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-combustible filler in the non-combustible coating comprises a first non-combustible filler component and a second non-combustible filler component; the non-combustible coating further comprises a second auxiliary agent component; Among them, based on the total weight of the non-combustible coating, the content of the second polymer component is 60~80% by weight, the content of the first non-combustible filler component is 5~20% by weight, the content of the second non-combustible filler component is 4~20% by weight, and the content of the second auxiliary component is 3~20% by weight.

12. The fire blanket according to claim 11, characterized in that: The second polymer component includes one or more of epoxy resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and silicone rubber; The first non-combustible filler includes one or more of silicon dioxide and glass microspheres; The second non-combustible filler comprises one or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide and iron oxide; The second auxiliary component includes one or more of a curing agent, a film former, a leveling agent and a stabilizer.

13. The fire blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the intumescent fire retardant coating is 0.05-0.5 mm, and the thickness of the non-combustible coating is 0.05-0.5 mm.

14. The fire blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber matrix is ​​a fiber woven cloth, and the fiber woven cloth includes one or more of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, aramid fiber and wool fiber; The thickness of the fiber matrix is ​​0.15-0.7 mm.

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