Modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure and preparation method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of modularization droplet one-way self-transport open channel structure of laser processing and preparation method, comprising: substrate, which is provided with microchannel, microchannel surface is processed with periodic microgroove by laser scanning line, microchannel is provided with wedge-shaped vertebra and wedge-shaped slot interface;Hydrophobic outer plate is arranged on both sides of microchannel, and the surface of hydrophobic outer plate is sprayed with hydrophobic coating;Modularization droplet one-way self-transport open channel structure is used to realize the one-way self-transport of water, aqueous solution and organic droplet, and the transport direction is from wedge-shaped vertebra to wedge-shaped slot interface through microchannel.The preparation method of the application is accurate and controllable, low in cost, and the designed modularization open channel structure can realize the one-way self-transport of water, aqueous solution and even organic droplet, and can be easily assembled, disassembled and reused in real time, realize switchable self-defined function, including but not limited to straight transport, in-situ turning, accurate flow splitting and flow combining reaction, with wide application range and strong flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of laser cutting, material surface laser processing and micro-droplet transport. More specifically, the present invention relates to a modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In fields such as biomedicine and chemical processes, mixing, separating, and transporting tiny droplets often results in unnecessary sample loss, increased experimental costs, and significant economic losses. Achieving low-energy, pollution-free, and precisely controllable microdroplet transport has become a key focus. Existing droplet manipulation schemes actively manipulate droplets by applying an external field, but these technologies require complex external energy devices and suffer from common drawbacks such as sample contamination and high energy consumption.

[0003] The use of cutting-edge biomimetic designs to construct unique structures for droplet self-transport is gaining increasing attention. However, existing droplet self-transport solutions are inherently rigid and lack scalability. They typically only transport droplets in fixed patterns and paths, making it difficult to achieve in-situ programmable and customizable functions, and unable to adapt to actual working conditions. Therefore, designing a highly flexible and field-reconfigurable unidirectional droplet self-transport solution remains a challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and / or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages which will be described hereinafter.

[0005] In order to achieve these objects and other advantages according to the present invention, a method for preparing a laser-processed modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Spray-coating the surface of a high-boron glass substrate with a hydrophobic coating to obtain a hydrophobic coating on both the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate to achieve double-sided super-hydrophobicity.

[0007] S2, using a femtosecond laser to scan the substrate hydrophobically modified in S1 line by line, removing the hydrophobic coating in a limited area, and constructing periodic micro-grooves that show super-hydrophilicity.

[0008] The beam is perpendicular to the substrate surface, and the laser beam is scanned in a parallel manner on the substrate surface;

[0009] S3. Use a femtosecond laser to cut the substrate after S2 scanning line processing to construct a wedge-shaped cone-wedge-shaped groove interface and a streamlined outer contour to obtain a modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure.

[0010] Preferably, in the S1, the hydrophobic coating is glaco reagent of model SF-04146.

[0011] Preferably, in the S2, the femtosecond laser spot diameter is 25-30 μm, the scanning line pulse energy is 60-120 mW, the scanning line rate is 2-8 mm / s, the scanning line interval is 20-40 μm, and the scanning line number is 2.

[0012] Preferably, in the S3, the femtosecond laser spot diameter used is 25-30 μm, the cutting pulse energy used is 280-340 mW, the cutting rate is 300-400 μm / s, and the cutting number is 3.

[0013] A modularized droplet one-way self-transport open channel structure for laser processing, comprising:

[0014] A substrate provided with a microchannel, a surface of the microchannel being processed with periodic microgrooves by laser scanning, one end of the microchannel being cut with at least one wedge-shaped vertebra by laser, and the other end of the microchannel being cut with at least one wedge-shaped slot interface matching the wedge-shaped vertebra by laser; wherein the laser scanning direction is parallel scanning from the wedge-shaped vertebra to the wedge-shaped slot interface row by row; the periodic microgrooves comprise a plurality of microgrooves, each microgroove being obtained by laser scanning;

[0015] A hydrophobic outer plate provided on both sides of the microchannel, a surface of the hydrophobic outer plate being sprayed with a hydrophobic coating;

[0016] The modularized droplet one-way self-transport open channel structure is used to realize one-way self-transport of water, aqueous solution or ethylene glycol, and the transport direction is from the wedge-shaped vertebra to the wedge-shaped slot interface through the microchannel.

[0017] Preferably, the substrate is made of high boron glass, and the thickness of the substrate is 130-170 μm.

[0018] Preferably, the wedge angles of the wedge-shaped vertebra and the wedge-shaped slot interface are both 20°; the span of the wedge-shaped slot interface is 1.05 mm, and the distance between two adjacent periodic microgrooves is 25-30 μm.

[0019] Preferably, the static contact angle of water on the surface of the periodic microgrooves is less than 10°, and the static contact angle of water on the hydrophobic layer of the surface of the hydrophobic outer plate is greater than 150°.

[0020] Preferably, the modularized droplet one-way self-transport open channel structure is provided as a straight module, a confluence module, a divergence module, a right turn module, a left turn module or a collection module.

[0021] The straight module includes a wedge-shaped vertebra and a wedge-shaped slot interface, wherein the wedge-shaped vertebra and the wedge-shaped slot interface are arranged in a straight line;

[0022] The confluence module includes two wedge-shaped vertebrae and a wedge-shaped groove interface, wherein the two wedge-shaped vertebrae are arranged in a straight line, the wedge-shaped groove interface is located in the middle of the microchannel, and the angle between the wedge-shaped groove interface and the two wedge-shaped vertebrae is 90°;

[0023] The diversion module includes a wedge-shaped cone and two wedge-shaped groove interfaces, wherein the two wedge-shaped groove interfaces are arranged in a straight line, the wedge-shaped cone is located in the middle of the microchannel, and the angle between the wedge-shaped cone and the two wedge-shaped groove interfaces is 90°;

[0024] The right-turn module and the left-turn module include a wedge-shaped vertebra and a wedge-shaped groove interface, and the angle between the wedge-shaped vertebra and the wedge-shaped groove is 90°;

[0025] The collecting module is provided with a wedge-shaped cone and a square collecting area.

[0026] Preferably, the outer edge of the hydrophobic outer plate is cut into a streamlined shape by laser.

[0027] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. In the modular open channel structure for unidirectional self-transport of droplets disclosed in the present invention, the periodic microgroove structure exhibits superhydrophilicity and forms patterned wettability with the superhydrophobic area of ​​the unprocessed area. By designing a high-resolution patterned wettability surface, ultrafast self-transport of droplets on a single channel structure is achieved. By utilizing the law of unidirectional transport of droplets from the wedge-shaped cone of one module to the wedge-shaped groove and then to the wedge-shaped cone of the next module, continuous unidirectional self-transport of droplets across discontinuous channels is further achieved, thereby realizing low-energy consumption and high-flexibility unidirectional self-transport of droplets.

[0029] 2. The present invention is simple to prepare, easy to operate, and low in cost. It can realize integrated droplet self-transport and can adapt to working conditions including pure water, aqueous solutions, and even some organic liquids. The maximum droplet transport speed on a single module can reach 480 mm / s, the normalized transport distance can reach 56.32, the loss rate of transported droplets can be as low as 4.8%, and the adaptable flow range is 5-30 μL / min. Through the on-demand combination of straight-line, turning, diversion, and confluence modules, multiple functions such as continuous long-distance droplet transportation, precise diversion supply, and confluence microchemical reactions can be realized. The structure can also provide a high specific surface area, and has important application value in microchemical reactions requiring the participation of liquid-gas interfaces, component detection and tracing, etc.

[0030] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be reflected in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flow chart for preparing the modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the modular open channel structure for unidirectional self-transport of droplets according to the present invention, with A to F representing the straight-line module, merging module, diversion module, right-turn module, left-turn module, and collection module, respectively;

[0034] Figure 4 1. 1-way transport performance diagram of the modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a normalized transport performance diagram of the modular open channel structure for unidirectional self-transport of droplets according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a low loss rate characteristic diagram of the modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 An on-site customizable path diagram for the modular open channel structure for unidirectional self-transportation of droplets according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the control of the confluence color reaction of the modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the directional transport control of ethylene glycol in the modular open channel structure for unidirectional self-transport of droplets according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a self-transportation performance diagram of the rectangular interface modular channel of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a self-transportation performance diagram of the arc-shaped interface modular channel of Comparative Example 2 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 12 This is a data diagram of the droplet self-transport performance of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so as to enable those skilled in the art to implement the application according to the description.

[0044] It should be understood that the terms such as "have", "contain" and "include" used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0045] The application adopts the way of femtosecond laser processing combined with spray modification to process the open channel of one-way self-transport of liquid drops on the high-boron glass substrate (see Figure 1 ), which includes obtaining superhydrophobicity by spraying the surface of the substrate with a commercial hydrophobic modification reagent glaco (brand SOFT99, model SF-04146), constructing superhydrophilic periodic microgrooves on the surface of the substrate by using femtosecond laser line-by-line scanning to realize patterned wettability, and cutting a uniform wedge-shaped prism-wedge groove interface by using femtosecond laser to obtain a modular open channel structure of one-way self-transport of liquid drops, which specifically includes a straight module, a confluence module, a split module, a left turn module, a right turn module and a collection module (see Figure 3 );

[0046] Among them, the high-boron glass sheet has a thickness of about 130-170 μm; the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped prism-groove interface is uniformly 20°, and the interface span is 1.05 mm; the microgroove structures in the self-transport channel of the liquid drops are of the same size, and the center distance is 30 μm.

[0047] The specific schemes proposed by the application will be described in more detail below with several specific examples.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the embodiment provides a laser-processed modular open channel structure of one-way self-transport of liquid drops, which includes:

[0050] a substrate, on which a microchannel is arranged, the surface of the microchannel is processed with periodic microgrooves by laser line scanning, the laser line scanning direction is parallel scanning line by line from the wedge-shaped prism to the wedge-shaped groove interface, one end of the microchannel is cut by laser to have a wedge-shaped prism, and the other end of the microchannel is cut by laser to have a wedge-shaped groove interface matched with the wedge-shaped prism; wherein the laser line scanning direction is parallel scanning line by line from the wedge-shaped prism to the wedge-shaped groove interface; the periodic microgrooves include a plurality of microgrooves, each microgroove is obtained by laser line scanning;

[0051] a hydrophobic outer plate arranged on both sides of the microchannel, and the surface of the hydrophobic outer plate is sprayed with a hydrophobic coating;

[0052] The modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure is used to realize the unidirectional self-transport of water, aqueous solution and organic droplets. The transport direction is to flow from the wedge-shaped cone, through the microchannel and flow to the wedge-shaped groove interface.

[0053] The substrate is a high-boron glass sheet with a thickness of 150μm; it has a wedge-shaped cone-wedge-shaped groove interface to meet the functional requirements of on-demand assembly and disassembly. The wedge angle of the wedge-shaped cone and wedge-shaped groove interface is uniformly 20°, and the span of the wedge-shaped groove interface is 1.05mm; the background area outside the microchannel is superhydrophobic, with a static contact angle of water of 156°, and the inside is a periodic microgroove structure, which is superhydrophilic, with a static contact angle of water of less than 10°. The center spacing of the periodic microgrooves of the microchannel is 30μm.

[0054] The preparation method of the modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure comprises the following steps:

[0055] S1. Spray-coating the surface of a high-boron glass substrate with a hydrophobic coating to obtain a hydrophobic coating on both the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate to achieve double-sided super-hydrophobicity.

[0056] S2. Using a femtosecond laser, line-by-line scanning is performed on the substrate hydrophobically modified in S1 to remove the hydrophobic coating in a limited area and construct periodic microgrooves exhibiting superhydrophilicity. The laser beam of the femtosecond laser is perpendicular to the substrate surface and the laser beam is scanned in a parallel manner on the substrate surface. The femtosecond laser spot diameter is 27 μm, the scanning pulse energy is 80 mW, the scanning rate is 5 mm / s, the scanning interval is 30 μm, and the number of scanning times is 2.

[0057] S3. Use a femtosecond laser to cut the substrate after S2 scanning treatment. The femtosecond laser spot diameter used is 27μm, the pulse energy used for cutting is 300mW, the cutting rate is 300μm / s, and the number of cutting times is 3. A wedge-shaped cone-wedge-shaped groove interface and a streamlined outer contour are constructed to obtain a modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure.

[0058] See also Figure 4In order to verify the unidirectional performance of the modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure, three straight modules were connected from left to right with groove cones for series assembly, wherein the straight module includes a wedge-shaped cone and a wedge-shaped groove interface, wherein the wedge-shaped cone and the wedge-shaped groove interface are arranged in a straight line, that is, in two adjacent straight modules, the wedge-shaped cone of one straight module is embedded in the wedge-shaped groove interface of the other straight module, thereby realizing the series assembly of two straight modules; a micro-liquid injector was used to drip water droplets from above the straight module in the middle position. The water droplets were pre-dyed with bright blue for easy observation. The water droplets quickly spread out in the middle module within 0.05s and completed spontaneous continuous transport to the right module after 1.06s. Even if the droplet was continued, it would not be transported toward the left module, showing excellent unidirectional performance.

[0059] Example 2:

[0060] This embodiment provides a laser-processed modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure, the structure and preparation method of which are the same as those of Example 1.

[0061] See also Figure 5 To verify the long-distance self-transport performance of the modular, unidirectional droplet self-transport open channel structure fabricated in this example, a long-distance straight path was achieved by assembling 10 straight modules in series. A 10μL droplet of water was added from the leftmost module. After the droplet completed self-transport, the liquid front traveled a distance of 75.3mm. The calculated normalized transport distance was as high as 56.32, demonstrating that continuous long-distance self-transport can be achieved with only a very small amount of liquid sample. The normalized transport distance calculation formula is as follows:

[0062] D = d / r 0

[0063] Where, D is the normalized transport distance, d is the transport distance of the front of the droplet meniscus, r 0 is the radius of the droplet. According to the volume-radius relationship of an ideal sphere, it is estimated that r 0=1.337mm.

[0064] Example 3:

[0065] This embodiment provides a laser-processed modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure, the structure and preparation method of which are the same as those of Example 1.

[0066] This embodiment also uses a collection module, which is configured to include a wedge-shaped cone and a square collection area, wherein the processing method of the square collection area is the same as the processing method of the microchannel in Example 1.

[0067] Referring to Figure 6 , in order to explore the loss rate index of the modularized droplet one-way self-transport open channel structure in transporting droplets, a droplet straight collection path is assembled by 4 straight modules and 1 collection module, water droplets are added drop by drop from the leftmost module, the mass of each module is collected by a precision balance, and the proportion of water droplets on the collection module is obtained. When the total volume of added water droplets exceeds 100 μL, the volume of water droplets on the collection module is more than 95.2%, and the water droplet loss rate along the straight path is as low as 4.8%, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0068] L =( m 3- m 1) / ( m 4- m 2+ m 3- m 1)×100%

[0069] In the formula, L is the loss rate along the way, m 1 is the initial total mass of the 4 straight modules, m 2 is the initial mass of the collection module, m 3 is the total mass of the four straight modules after completing the transportation, m 4 is the mass of the collection module after completing the transportation.

[0070] Example 4:

[0071] The embodiment provides a laser processing modularized droplet one-way self-transport open channel structure, and the embodiment uses straight modules, merging modules, left-turn modules and right-turn modules. The merging module is provided with two wedge-shaped spines and a wedge-shaped groove interface. The two wedge-shaped spines are arranged in a straight line, the wedge-shaped groove interface is located in the middle of the microchannel, and the included angle between the wedge-shaped groove interface and the two wedge-shaped spines is 90°. The right-turn module and the left-turn module each include a wedge-shaped spine and a wedge-shaped groove interface, and the included angle between the wedge-shaped spine and the wedge-shaped groove is 90°.

[0072] Referring to Figure 7 , in order to verify the path customization and on-site editable functions of the modularized droplet one-way self-transport open channel structure, the letter "a" path is obtained by combining 1 merging module and 3 left-turn modules, the letter "b" path is obtained by combining 1 merging, 1 straight and 3 right-turn modules, the letter "c" path is obtained by combining 3 left-turn modules, and the letter "d" path is obtained by combining 2 merging, 1 straight and 2 left-turn modules. The bright blue dyed water droplets complete the transportation on the patterned path in the direction of the blue arrows, which proves the excellent assembly and disassembly functions and path customization ability.

[0073] Example 5:

[0074] This embodiment provides a modular open channel structure for unidirectional self-transport of droplets, and its structure and preparation method are the same as those in Example 1.

[0075] See also Figure 8 In order to verify the adaptability of the modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure to different droplets, a confluence reaction path was assembled through 9 straight modules, 1 confluence module and 1 collection module. The brilliant blue-dyed sodium nitrite solution was added dropwise from inlet 1 and first spontaneously transported to the collection module. Then, riboflavin-dyed p-aminobenzenesulfonic acid was added dropwise from inlet 2 and merged with sodium nitrite in the confluence module and reacted to produce the rose red phenomenon. No obvious reflux diffusion of liquids of different colors was observed. Figure 9 As shown, a U-shaped path was assembled by four right-turning modules, and ethylene glycol dyed with carmine spontaneously completed clockwise transport on the U-shaped path, confirming the wide applicability of the modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure to water, aqueous solutions and even some organic droplets.

[0076] Through the verification of the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 5, Examples 1 to 3 confirmed the capabilities of directional, long-distance, and low-loss, with the maximum normalized transport distance reaching 56.32 and the loss rate as low as 4.8%; Examples 4 to 5 confirmed the capabilities of on-site assembly and disassembly and customized paths on demand, which can meet the one-way self-transportation needs of water, aqueous solutions and some organic droplets; this shows that the present invention can simultaneously have the functions of low energy consumption, reconfigurability and high efficiency and controllability, and has important application value in the fields of component detection, chemical processes, etc.

[0077] In order to better illustrate the beneficial effects achieved by the modular open channel structure for unidirectional self-transport of droplets and the preparation method of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further analyzed with several comparative examples below.

[0078] Comparative Example 1:

[0079] This comparative example provides a modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the wedge-shaped groove interface in Example 1 is changed to a rectangular interface, and the wedge-shaped cone is changed to a rectangular connecting block adapted to the rectangular interface. Figure 10 .

[0080] Comparative Example 2:

[0081] This comparative example provides a modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure. The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the wedge-shaped groove interface in Example 1 is changed to an arc-shaped interface, and the wedge-shaped cone is changed to an arc-shaped connecting block that is compatible with the arc-shaped interface. Figure 11 .

[0082] In Comparative Example 1, water droplets were added at the same flow rate starting from the central rectangular interface module. The droplets initially completed unidirectional transport toward the module on the right. However, as the droplets continued to drip, they broke through to the left, resulting in bidirectional transport. In Comparative Example 2, however, the droplets added to the central arc-shaped interface module were completely unable to transport to the series-connected modules on the left and right, demonstrating a bidirectional pinning phenomenon.

[0083] See also Figure 12 , verified by the above-mentioned Comparative Examples 1-2 and Example 1: the modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure provided by the present invention has an optimal unidirectional transport range of 0.1~0.9mm, which is twice that of the rectangular interface modular channel and four times that of the arc interface modular channel, indicating that: the present invention not only successfully completes the modularization of the droplet self-transport channel, but also ensures excellent unidirectional performance, and at the same time can realize the assembly, disassembly and custom design of any complex path on the plane, effectively combining the low energy consumption advantage of the droplet self-transport solution and the flexibility advantage of external field control, and can meet the actual needs of micro-droplet control.

[0084] The number of devices and processing scales described herein are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications, and variations of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0085] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and implementation methods. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a laser-processed modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Spray-coating the surface of a high-boron glass substrate with a hydrophobic coating to obtain a hydrophobic coating on both the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate to achieve double-sided super-hydrophobicity. S2. Using a femtosecond laser, line-by-line scanning is performed on the substrate hydrophobically modified in S1 to remove the hydrophobic coating in a limited area and construct periodic microgrooves exhibiting superhydrophilicity. The laser beam of the femtosecond laser is perpendicular to the substrate surface and the laser beam is scanned in a parallel manner on the substrate surface; S3. Use a femtosecond laser to cut the substrate after S2 scanning line processing to construct a wedge-shaped cone-wedge-shaped groove interface and a streamlined outer contour to obtain a modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure.

2. The method for preparing a modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure by laser processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S1, the hydrophobic coating is a glaco reagent with a model number of SF-04146.

3. The method for preparing a modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure by laser processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the femtosecond laser spot diameter is 25-30 μm, the scanning pulse energy is 60-120 mW, the scanning rate is 2-8 mm / s, the scanning interval is 20-40 μm, and the number of scanning times is 2.

4. The method for preparing a modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure by laser processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the S3, the diameter of the femtosecond laser spot used is 25-30 μm, the pulse energy used for cutting is 280-340 mW, the cutting rate is 300-400 μm / s, and the number of cutting times is 3.

5. A laser-processed modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure, which is prepared by the preparation method of the laser-processed modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: A substrate having a microchannel disposed thereon, wherein the surface of the microchannel is processed by laser scanning to form periodic microgrooves, wherein at least one wedge-shaped vertebra is cut by laser at one end of the microchannel, and at least one wedge-shaped groove interface adapted to the wedge-shaped vertebra is cut by laser at the other end of the microchannel; wherein the laser scanning direction is a line-by-line parallel scanning from the wedge-shaped vertebra to the wedge-shaped groove interface; the periodic microgrooves include a plurality of microgrooves, each microgroove being formed by laser scanning; and the static contact angle of water on the surface of the periodic microgrooves is less than 10°; Hydrophobic outer plates are disposed on both sides of the microchannel, the surfaces of the hydrophobic outer plates being sprayed with a hydrophobic coating, the static contact angle of water of the hydrophobic layer on the surface of the hydrophobic outer plates being greater than 150°; the outer edges of the hydrophobic outer plates being cut into a streamlined shape by laser; The modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure is used to realize the unidirectional self-transport of water, aqueous solution or ethylene glycol. The transport direction is from the wedge cone, through the microchannel to the wedge groove interface. The substrate is made of high-boron glass.

6. The laser-processed modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the substrate is 130-170 μm.

7. The laser-processed modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wedge angles of the wedge-shaped cone and the wedge-shaped groove interface are both 20°; the span of the wedge-shaped groove interface is 1.05 mm, and the distance between two adjacent periodic micro-grooves is 25-30 μm.

8. The laser-processed modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The modular droplet unidirectional self-transport open channel structure is configured as a straight-line module, a merging module, a diversion module, a right-turn module, a left-turn module or a collection module; The straight module includes a wedge-shaped vertebra and a wedge-shaped slot interface, wherein the wedge-shaped vertebra and the wedge-shaped slot interface are arranged in a straight line; The confluence module includes two wedge-shaped vertebrae and a wedge-shaped groove interface, wherein the two wedge-shaped vertebrae are arranged in a straight line, the wedge-shaped groove interface is located in the middle of the microchannel, and the angle between the wedge-shaped groove interface and the two wedge-shaped vertebrae is 90°; The diversion module includes a wedge-shaped cone and two wedge-shaped groove interfaces, wherein the two wedge-shaped groove interfaces are arranged in a straight line, the wedge-shaped cone is located in the middle of the microchannel, and the angle between the wedge-shaped cone and the two wedge-shaped groove interfaces is 90°; The right-turn module and the left-turn module include a wedge-shaped vertebra and a wedge-shaped groove interface, and the angle between the wedge-shaped vertebra and the wedge-shaped groove is 90°; The collecting module is provided with a wedge-shaped cone and a square collecting area.

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