A multi-level milling cutter capable of being adjusted after offset

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of mechanical processing, and specifically to a multi-level milling cutter that can be adjusted after offset, including a milling cutter body, the milling cutter body including an outer milling cutter and an inner milling cutter, the outer milling cutter having a placement slot, the inner milling cutter being slidably connected in the placement slot, the placement slot having a locking assembly, and the locking assembly being connected to the inner milling cutter. The present invention requires switching different tools when processing different positions of a part, so when switching a small-diameter milling cutter for processing, it is only necessary to increase the rotation speed of the milling cutter, and when the rotation speed reaches a set value, the pushing assembly pushes the inner milling cutter to continuously move out of the placement slot, and the speed of the milling machine is controlled to switch different types of milling cutters for processing, thereby avoiding a reduction in processing efficiency due to replacement of a cutter head or use of a cutter head with a small diameter, and improving the efficiency of the milling machine in processing grooved parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanical processing, in particular to a multi-level milling cutter which can be adjusted after being offset. Background Art

[0002] A milling cutter is a rotating tool with one or more teeth used for milling. When working, each tooth cuts off the excess of the workpiece intermittently in sequence.

[0003] When processing some metal gear parts, different tools are needed for fine processing after casting. When processing the surface of the gear, a milling cutter with a larger diameter is used. The outer surface of the gear is quickly processed by the milling cutter with a large diameter. When processing the grooves and holes of the gear, the milling cutter with a large diameter cannot enter the groove of the gear for processing, so a milling cutter with a small diameter must be used. Of course, a milling cutter with a small diameter can also process the outer surface of the gear, but its cutting speed is slow and cannot meet the requirements of processing efficiency. In order to meet the needs of tool change, the milling machine needs to be stopped and the milling cutter head needs to be replaced. Of course, the above process is only applicable to general parts processing factories, and for those large For a machining center, a tool changing system is installed inside, through which the cutter head of the milling machine can be replaced. However, its use cost is too high and some small processing plants cannot afford it. Therefore, the patent application with patent publication number CN114799306B provides a multi-level milling cutter that can be adjusted after offset. It replaces different milling cutters by pushing the straight rod to move. However, when it is used, it still requires a drive part or manually pushes the straight rod to move. In some common factories, there is no tool changing system installed, resulting in the milling machine in the factory needing to stop when using it to replace the cutter head or use a cutter head with a small diameter. Whether it is stopping to replace the cutter head or using a cutter head with a small diameter, the milling machine processing efficiency will be reduced.

[0004] Therefore, a multi-level milling cutter which can be adjusted after offset is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-level milling cutter that can be adjusted after offset, so as to solve the problem that when a milling machine is processing a specific part, it is necessary to stop the machine to replace the cutter head or use a cutter head with a small diameter. Whether stopping the machine to replace the cutter head or using a cutter head with a small diameter will lead to a decrease in the processing efficiency of the milling machine.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A multi-level milling cutter that can be adjusted after offset comprises a milling cutter body, the milling cutter body comprises an external milling cutter and an internal milling cutter, a placement groove is provided in the external milling cutter, the internal milling cutter is slidably connected in the placement groove, a locking assembly is provided in the placement groove, the locking assembly is connected to the internal milling cutter, a fixing ring is fixedly installed on the side of the external milling cutter away from the cutter head, a circular groove is provided in the external milling cutter, one end of the circular groove is communicated with the placement groove, and the other side of the circular groove is communicated with the inside of the fixing ring, a pushing rod is slidably connected in the circular groove, one end of the pushing rod is connected to the internal milling cutter, a pushing assembly is provided in the fixing ring, the pushing assembly is connected to the pushing rod, when the number of revolutions of a machine tool is increased and reaches a set value, the pushing assembly pushes the pushing rod to move, the moving pushing rod drives the connected internal milling cutter to continuously move out of the placement groove, when it moves to a specified position, the position of the internal milling cutter is locked by the locking assembly, when the number of revolutions of the machine tool is reduced and reaches a set value, the locking assembly unlocks the position of the internal milling cutter, and the pushing assembly drives the internal milling cutter to re-enter the placement groove through the pushing rod.

[0008] When the cutting speed is constant, since the relationship between the rotational speed and the cutting speed is vc=(nπdo) / (60×1000), the change in the tool diameter will directly affect the required rotational speed. Tools with larger diameters usually require lower rotational speeds to maintain appropriate cutting speeds for operation. Therefore, when cutting the surface of the part, the machine tool drives the external milling cutter to rotate at a low speed for cutting. The large-diameter external milling cutter can perform rapid processing. When processing the grooves or holes of the part, a small-diameter milling cutter is required, and small-diameter tools usually require a high-speed cutting speed for operation. Therefore, when switching to a small-diameter milling cutter for processing, it is only necessary to increase the speed of the milling cutter. When the speed reaches the set value, the push assembly pushes the inner milling cutter out of the placement slot continuously. By controlling the speed of the milling machine to control the switching of different types of milling cutters for processing, it is avoided that the processing efficiency is reduced due to the replacement of the cutter head or the use of a small-diameter cutter head, thereby improving the efficiency of the milling machine in processing grooved parts.

[0009] Preferably, the pushing assembly comprises a circular plate, a limit rod, a counterweight, a first compression spring, a hydraulic cylinder, an inner arc magnet, an outer arc magnet, and a hydraulic telescopic rod, the circular plate being fixedly installed in the fixing ring, the circular plate being provided with two symmetrically arranged slide grooves, the limit rod being fixedly installed in the slide groove, the limit rod being sleeved with a counterweight slidably connected in the slide groove, the counterweight and the inner wall of the slide groove being abutted against a first compression spring sleeved on the limit rod, the first compression spring being arranged on a side of the counterweight away from the center of the circular plate, the inner wall of the fixing ring being fixedly installed with a plurality of hydraulic cylinders, the axis of the hydraulic cylinder and the axis of the limit rod being located on the same axis, the inner arc magnet being fixedly installed on the counterweight, the outer arc magnet being fixedly installed on the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder, the magnetic poles of the inner arc magnet and the outer arc magnet contacting surfaces are opposite, the hydraulic telescopic rod being fixedly installed in the fixing ring, the movable end of the hydraulic telescopic rod being fixedly installed with the pushing rod, and the hydraulic telescopic rod being connected to the hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline.

[0010] When the milling cutter is performing normal rotation processing, the milling cutter of the milling machine maintains a low speed. The rotation of the milling cutter will drive the fixed ring to rotate, and will also drive the circular plate in the fixed ring to rotate. Because the milling cutter maintains a low speed, centrifugal force will be generated when the circular plate rotates, so that the counterweight block will be subjected to a large centrifugal force and will move a long distance under the action of the centrifugal force, tightly compressing the first compression spring on one side. Of course, because two magnets with different magnetic properties are used to push each other to move, the movable end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is extended forward and the push rod fixed on its movable end is pushed to move. The inner milling cutter is pushed out of the placement slot through the movement of the push rod. The speed of the milling cutter head itself is adjusted to control the use of different types of cutter heads, so that the outer milling cutter works at a low speed, and the strong centrifugal force generated when switching to a high speed pushes the inner milling cutter out to work. The speed of the milling machine is controlled to switch different types of milling cutters for processing, so as to avoid the reduction of processing efficiency due to the replacement of the cutter head or the use of a cutter head with a small diameter, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the milling machine.

[0011] Preferably, the locking assembly includes a second compression-extension spring and a push plate. The second compression-extension spring is placed in the placement groove. Push plates are fixedly installed on both sides of the second compression-extension spring. The push plate on one side is rotatably connected to the push rod, and the push plate on the other side is rotatably connected to the inner milling cutter. An external thread is provided in the placement groove, and the external thread is arranged in the middle position of the placement groove. An internal thread is provided on the inner milling cutter. When the inner milling cutter moves to a specified position, the internal thread and the external thread engage with each other.

[0012] When the milling cutter rotates at a high speed, the internal threads abutting against the external threads will be threadedly connected to each other at this time, and the internal milling cutter will be continuously fixed by rotation, so that the external threads and the internal threads will mesh with each other. Because it is a threaded connection, the internal milling cutter will not shrink inward due to excessive force during production and processing. While ensuring that the milling cutter can be switched quickly, the connection tightness of the cutter head is guaranteed, and the parts will not be unable to be processed due to the shrinkage of the cutter head, which means that the processing efficiency of the parts is guaranteed and the product qualification rate during part processing is guaranteed.

[0013] The milling machine controls the cutter head speed to decrease rapidly. At this time, the outer cutter head fixed on the milling machine will decelerate rapidly following the deceleration of the machine tool. At this time, the inner milling cutter will continue to rotate at high speed due to inertia, resulting in a certain speed difference between the outer milling cutter and the inner milling cutter. The speed difference causes the inner milling cutter to drive the inner thread to continuously disengage from the outer thread. Of course, due to centrifugal force, the movable end of the hydraulic telescopic rod retracts backward and pushes the push rod fixed on its movable end to move. The inner milling cutter is driven to retract and retract into the outer milling cutter through two push plates and the second compression-extension spring therebetween. Different types of cutter heads are switched by changing the speed of the milling cutter, which greatly improves the use efficiency of the equipment.

[0014] Preferably, a limit ring is fixedly installed in the placement groove, and the limit ring is arranged on the side of the external thread close to the milling cutter head. A locking ring is fixedly installed in the placement groove, and the locking ring is arranged on the side of the external thread away from the milling cutter head. The inner ring of the locking ring is in an inner concave shape. An annular limit groove is opened on the inner milling cutter, and the annular limit groove is arranged at the tail of the inner milling cutter. One side of the annular limit groove is in an outer convex shape. The locking ring slides in the annular limit groove. When the inner milling cutter moves to a specified position, the outer convex shape and the inner concave shape abut against each other.

[0015] There is a moving gap between the two milling cutters. During actual use, a small amount of gap will still prevent the milling cutter from rotating around the central axis, and a certain offset will occur. The inner concave position on one side of the locking ring will abut against the outer convex position on one side of the annular limit groove. The cone setting makes it possible for the central axis of the inner milling cutter to coincide with the central axis of the locking ring when the inner concave position abuts against the outer convex position, thereby preventing the movement of the inner milling cutter from affecting the machining accuracy. At the same time, because the rotating internal and external threads will continuously twist, they will continue to fit tightly under high speed conditions. However, once the tightness is too high, it is necessary to switch again to slow down. The stuck internal milling cutter cannot get rid of the threaded connection between the internal thread and the external thread by the speed difference, so the internal milling cutter needs to be limited when it moves to the specified position. Therefore, when the outer protrusion on one side of the annular limit groove on the internal milling cutter presses against the locking ring, the internal milling cutter cannot move again because it is stuck, which makes it impossible for the internal milling cutter to further drive the internal thread to contact the external thread, ensuring that the axis of the internal milling cutter coincides with the axis of the milling cutter while avoiding the internal milling cutter from further driving the internal thread to connect with the external thread, so that the milling cutter as a whole can be switched back and forth, ensuring the smoothness of the milling cutter switching, and indirectly improving the efficiency of the milling machine processing.

[0016] Preferably, the inner milling cutter is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes, a fixing frame is fixedly installed in the ventilation holes, a cross film is fixedly installed on the fixing frame, and the cross film is located on the side close to the cutter head, the ventilation holes are inclined and face the inner edge of the outer milling cutter, a plurality of recessed grooves are provided on the pushing plate on one side, and the corners on both sides of the recessed grooves are in the shape of long circular arcs, a rotating column is rotatably connected in the placement groove, and the rotating column abuts against the side wall of the pushing plate, and when the inner milling cutter head is retracted, the distance between the end of the inner milling cutter and the end of the outer milling cutter is a, and the depth of the recessed groove is b, and a is greater than b.

[0017] After the inner milling cutter is retracted, a certain gap will be created at the cutter head, which can easily cause metal debris to enter when the outer milling cutter is cutting. Therefore, the rotation of the outer milling cutter drives the rotating column in the placement slot to rotate, and the rotation causes it to rotate on the push plate. When the rotating column rotates into the recessed slot, the first compression spring will pull the push plate up, and the up and down movement of the push plate will drive external air into the vent hole. The discharged gas prevents metal debris generated during processing from entering the connection, causing the debris to rotate at high speed and scratch the surface of the part, thereby ensuring normal processing and production of the milling cutter.

[0018] Preferably, a hole is provided in the placement groove, a block magnet is placed in the hole, an annular mounting groove is provided on the inner milling cutter, an annular magnet is fixedly installed in the annular mounting groove, and because the inner milling cutter is connected to the pushing column through the pushing plate and the second compression spring, the inner milling cutter will swing up and down during the rotation of the outer milling cutter, so the inner milling cutter is fixed by adsorption through the block magnet and the annular magnet on the annular mounting groove, thereby preventing it from shaking up and down uncontrolled, so that the inner milling cutter can quickly return to its original position when the rotating column pushes the inner milling cutter to slide downward.

[0019] Preferably, an inclined liquid inlet hole is provided on the external milling cutter, the liquid inlet hole is connected to the placement groove, and the liquid inlet hole is located above the external thread. When the machine tool is shut down for maintenance, the lubricating oil is pushed into the liquid inlet hole through the liquid inlet hole, and the connection between the external thread and the internal thread is lubricated by the inflowing lubricating oil to prevent the internal milling cutter and the external milling cutter from getting stuck due to being stationary for a long time.

[0020] Preferably, an annular groove is provided on the inner milling cutter, the annular groove is arranged below the inner thread, and the inclination direction of the annular groove is consistent with the inclination direction of the outer thread. A sealing ring is fixedly installed in the annular groove, and the outer side of the sealing ring abuts against the inner wall of the placement groove.

[0021] Because there is a certain gap between the inner milling cutter and the outer milling cutter, some metal dust generated during processing will enter the threaded connection of the placement groove. Therefore, the sealing ring can prevent the metal powder from entering the placement groove and ensure the normal operation of the milling cutter.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. When processing different positions of parts, different tools need to be switched. Therefore, when switching to a small-diameter milling cutter for processing, it is only necessary to increase the speed of the milling cutter. When the speed reaches the set value, the pushing component pushes the inner milling cutter out of the placement slot continuously. By controlling the speed of the milling machine to control the switching of different types of milling cutters for processing, it is avoided that the processing efficiency is reduced due to the replacement of the cutter head or the use of a small-diameter cutter head, thereby improving the efficiency of the milling machine in processing grooved parts.

[0024] 2. The internal milling cutter is continuously fixed by rotation so that the external thread and the internal thread mesh with each other. Because it is a threaded connection and cannot move directly in a straight line, the internal milling cutter will not shrink inward due to excessive force during production and processing. While ensuring that the milling cutter can be quickly switched, the connection tightness of the cutter head is guaranteed, and the parts will not be unable to be processed due to the shrinkage of the cutter head. This ensures both the processing efficiency of the parts and the product qualification rate during part processing.

[0025] 3. Through the setting of the cone, when the inner recess and the outer protrusion are in contact, the center axis of the inner milling cutter will coincide with the center axis of the locking ring, so as to avoid the movement of the inner milling cutter affecting the processing accuracy. At the same time, the inner milling cutter needs to be limited when it moves to the specified position to avoid the rotating internal thread and the external thread from continuously mating and eventually getting stuck, so as to prevent the inner milling cutter from being stuck and unable to move again, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the milling cutter switching and indirectly improving the efficiency of the milling machine processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixing ring in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the milling cutter body in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the swing of the counterweight block in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the internal milling cutter in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the inner milling cutter in the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9 It is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the fixing frame in the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. milling cutter body; 2. external milling cutter; 3. internal milling cutter; 4. circular plate; 5. fixing ring; 6. circular groove; 7. pushing rod; 8. hydraulic telescopic rod; 9. hydraulic cylinder; 10. external arc magnet; 11. internal arc magnet; 12. slide groove; 13. limiting rod; 14. counterweight; 15. first compression spring; 16. pushing plate; 17. second compression spring; 18. rotating column; 19. external thread; 20. internal thread; 21. vent hole; 22. limiting ring; 23. locking ring; 24. inner concave shape; 25. annular limiting groove; 26. outer convex shape; 27. concave groove; 28. sealing ring; 29. ​​annular circular groove; 30. liquid inlet hole; 31. annular magnet; 32. block magnet; 33. placement groove; 34. fixing frame; 35. cross film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] See also Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a multi-level milling cutter that can be adjusted after offset, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0037] A multi-level milling cutter that can be adjusted after offset includes a milling cutter body 1, the milling cutter body 1 includes an outer milling cutter 2 and an inner milling cutter 3, a placement groove 33 is provided in the outer milling cutter 2, the inner milling cutter 3 is slidably connected in the placement groove 33, a locking component is provided in the placement groove 33, the locking component is connected to the inner milling cutter 3, a fixing ring 5 is fixedly installed on the side of the outer milling cutter 2 away from the cutter head, a circular groove 6 is provided in the outer milling cutter 2, one end of the circular groove 6 is connected to the placement groove 33, and the other side of the circular groove 6 is connected to the inside of the fixing ring 5, a push rod 7 is slidably connected in the circular groove 6, and the push rod One end of 7 is connected with the inner milling cutter 3, and a pushing component is provided in the fixed ring 5. The pushing component is connected with the pushing rod 7. When the machine tool speed reaches the set value, the pushing component pushes the pushing rod 7 to move, and the moving pushing rod 7 drives the connected inner milling cutter 3 to continuously move out from the placement groove 33. When it moves to the specified position, the position of the inner milling cutter 3 is locked by the locking component. When the machine tool speed reaches the set value, the locking component unlocks the position of the inner milling cutter 3, and the pushing component drives the inner milling cutter 3 to re-enter the placement groove 33 through the pushing rod 7.

[0038] When in use, the milling cutter body 1 is installed on the machine tool. Because when the cutting speed is constant, the relationship between the rotation speed and the cutting speed is vc=(nπdo) / (60×1000), (where vc is the cutting speed, n is the rotation speed, and do is the tool diameter), so the change of the tool diameter will directly affect the required rotation speed. Tools with larger diameters usually require lower rotation speeds to maintain an appropriate cutting speed for operation. Therefore, when cutting the surface of the part, the machine tool drives the external milling cutter 2 to rotate at a low speed for cutting. The large-diameter external milling cutter 2 can perform fast processing. When processing the grooves or holes of the part, a milling cutter with a small diameter is required, and a tool with a small diameter usually requires a high rotation speed. The inner milling cutter 3 is operated at a high cutting speed. Therefore, when switching to a small-diameter milling cutter for processing, it is only necessary to increase the rotation speed of the milling cutter. When the rotation speed reaches the set value, the pushing component in the fixed ring 5 will start to operate, and the pushing component pushes the pushing rod 7 to move. The moving pushing rod 7 drives the connected inner milling cutter 3 to continuously move out of the placement groove 33. When it moves to the specified position, the position of the inner milling cutter 3 is locked by the locking component to prevent the inner milling cutter 3 from shrinking during cutting, which makes the milling cutter unusable. By controlling the speed of the milling machine to control the switching of different types of milling cutters for processing, it is avoided that the processing efficiency is reduced due to the replacement of the cutter head or the use of a cutter head with a small diameter, thereby improving the efficiency of the milling machine in processing grooved parts.

[0039] The pushing assembly includes a circular plate 4, a limiting rod 13, a counterweight 14, a first compression spring 15, a hydraulic cylinder 9, an inner arc magnet 11, an outer arc magnet 10, and a hydraulic telescopic rod 8. The circular plate 4 is fixedly installed in the fixing ring 5, and two symmetrically arranged slide grooves 12 are provided on the circular plate 4. The limiting rod 13 is fixedly installed in the slide groove 12. The limiting rod 13 is sleeved with a counterweight 14 slidably connected to the slide groove 12. The counterweight 14 is abutted against the inner wall of the slide groove 12 by a first compression spring 15 sleeved on the limiting rod 13. The first compression spring 15 is arranged A plurality of hydraulic cylinders 9 are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the fixed ring 5 on a side away from the center of the circular plate 4, and the axis of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is coaxial with the axis of the limiting rod 13. An inner arc magnet 11 is fixedly mounted on the counterweight 14, and an outer arc magnet 10 is fixedly mounted on the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 9, and the magnetic poles of the contact surfaces of the inner arc magnet 11 and the outer arc magnet 10 are opposite. A hydraulic telescopic rod 8 is fixedly mounted in the fixed ring 5, and the movable end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 8 is fixedly mounted on the push rod 7, and the hydraulic telescopic rod 8 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 9 through a pipeline.

[0040] When the milling cutter performs normal rotation processing, the milling cutter of the milling machine maintains a low speed. The rotation of the milling cutter will drive the fixed ring 5 to rotate, and will also drive the circular plate 4 in the fixed ring 5 to rotate. Because the milling cutter maintains a low speed, centrifugal force will be generated when the circular plate 4 rotates. The magnitude of the centrifugal force is related to the rotation speed of the circular plate 4. The centrifugal force generated by the circular plate 4 that maintains a low speed will be smaller, so that the counterweight block 14 sliding in the slide groove 12 is subjected to a small centrifugal force. The counterweight block 14 slides in the slide groove 12 through the centrifugal force. At the same time, due to the limitation of the limit rod 13, the counterweight block 14 can only move in a straight line in the serious slide groove 12. Of course, due to a certain centrifugal force, the counterweight block 14 is During rotation, it moves toward the edge of the disk away from the center. Due to the small centrifugal force, the moving counterweight 14 pushes the first compression spring 15 on the limit rod 13 to be compressed, so that the counterweight 14 moves a small distance, and the moving counterweight 14 will drive the inner arc magnet 11 fixed thereon to move. Of course, at this time, there is still a moving distance between the inner arc magnet 11 and the outer arc magnet 10, and the inner arc magnet 11 cannot push the outer arc magnet 10 to move by magnetic force. Of course, when the milling cutter of the milling machine continuously increases the speed, the high-speed rotation of the circular plate 4 generates a large centrifugal force, which makes the counterweight 14 subject to a large centrifugal force and moves a long distance under the action of the centrifugal force, which affects the first A compression spring 15 is tightly compressed so that the final position of the counterweight 14 will be located at the edge of the circular plate 4. At the same time, the counterweight 14 that moves greatly will drive the inner arc magnet 11 installed thereon to move, and push the outer arc magnet 10 to move by the repulsion of opposite poles. The outer arc magnet 10 is installed at the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 9, so it will push the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 9 to shrink. Of course, because the two magnets with different magnetic properties push each other to move, the influence of the small swing back and forth of the counterweight 14 during the rotation process is reduced, and the small swing back and forth of the counterweight 14 will not cause the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 9 to continuously rise and shrink, and the hydraulic oil inside it will be passed through. The hydraulic telescopic rod 8 is pushed into the hydraulic telescopic rod 8 through the pipeline, so that the movable end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 8 extends forward, and the pushing rod 7 fixed on the movable end thereof is pushed to move, and the inner milling cutter 3 is pushed out from the placement groove 33 by the movement of the pushing rod 7, and the groove of the machined part is processed at a high speed. The speed of the milling cutter head itself is adjusted to control the use of different types of cutter heads, so that the outer milling cutter 2 works at a low speed, and the strong centrifugal force generated when switching to a high speed pushes the inner milling cutter 3 to work. The speed of the milling machine is controlled to switch different types of milling cutters for processing, so as to avoid the reduction of processing efficiency due to replacement of the cutter head or use of a cutter head with a small diameter, thereby improving the processing efficiency of the milling machine.

[0041] The locking assembly includes a second compression-extension spring 17 and a push plate 16. The second compression-extension spring 17 is placed in the placement groove 33. Push plates 16 are fixedly installed on both sides of the second compression-extension spring 17. The push plate 16 on one side is rotatably connected to the push rod 7, and the push plate 16 on the other side is rotatably connected to the inner milling cutter 3. An external thread 19 is provided in the placement groove 33, and the external thread 19 is arranged in the middle position of the placement groove 33. An internal thread 20 is provided on the inner milling cutter 3. When the inner milling cutter 3 moves to the specified position, the internal thread 20 and the external thread 19 engage with each other.

[0042] When the milling cutter speed increases, the movable end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 8 extends forward and pushes the push rod 7 fixed on its movable end to move. Because the push rod 7 is rotatably connected to the push plate 16 on one side, the push rod 7 will drive the connected push plate 16 to move when it moves. Because a second compression spring 17 is installed between the push plates 16 on both sides, the upper push plate 16 that moves downward will squeeze the lower push plate 16 through the second compression spring, so that the lower push plate 16 needs to move downward continuously, and the push plate 16 is rotatably connected to the inner milling cutter 3, so the movement of the push plate 16 will drive The connected inner milling cutter 3 is moved out of the placement groove 33. Of course, because there are external threads 19 and internal threads 20, the external threads 19 and the internal threads 20 will abut against each other after the pushing plate 16 pushes the inner milling cutter 3 to move to a certain position. However, because the external milling cutter 2 will drive the external threads 19 to rotate at a high speed, the internal threads 20 abutting against the external threads 19 will be threadedly connected to each other at this time, and the inner milling cutter 3 will be continuously fixed by rotation, so that the external threads 19 and the internal threads 20 are meshed with each other. Because it is a threaded connection, the inner milling cutter 3 will not shrink inward due to excessive force when it is produced and processed. The milling cutter can be quickly switched while ensuring the tightness of the connection of the cutter head, and the parts will not be unable to be processed due to the shrinkage of the cutter head, that is, the processing efficiency of the parts is guaranteed and the product qualification rate during the parts processing is guaranteed. Of course, because the inner milling cutter 3 is connected to the outer milling cutter 2 by a threaded connection, when the milling cutter needs to switch the cutter head again and retract the inner milling cutter 3 into the outer milling cutter 2, the milling machine controls the cutter head speed to decrease rapidly. At this time, the outer cutter head is fixed on the milling machine and will decelerate rapidly with the deceleration of the machine tool. However, when the inner milling cutter 3 has no threads, it rotates and is connected in the outer milling cutter 2, so At this time, the inner milling cutter 3 will continue to rotate at a high speed due to inertia, resulting in a certain speed difference between the outer milling cutter 2 and the inner milling cutter 3. The speed difference will cause the inner milling cutter 3 to drive the inner thread 20 to continuously disengage from the outer thread 19. Of course, due to centrifugal force, the movable end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 8 will retract backwards and push the push rod 7 fixed on its movable end to move. The inner milling cutter 3 is driven to retract and be retracted into the outer milling cutter 2 through two push plates 16 and the second compression spring 17 therebetween. Different types of cutter heads can be switched by changing the rotation speed of the milling cutter, which greatly improves the use efficiency of the equipment.

[0043] A limit ring 22 is fixedly installed in the placement groove 33, and the limit ring 22 is arranged on the side of the external thread 19 close to the milling cutter head. A locking ring 23 is fixedly installed in the placement groove 33, and the locking ring 23 is arranged on the side of the external thread 19 away from the milling cutter head. The inner ring of the locking ring 23 is in an inner recessed shape 24. An annular limit groove 25 is provided on the inner milling cutter 3, and the annular limit groove 25 is arranged at the tail of the inner milling cutter 3. One side of the annular limit groove 25 is an outer protrusion 26. The locking ring 23 slides in the annular limit groove 25. When the inner milling cutter 3 moves to the specified position, the outer protrusion 26 and the inner recess 24 abut against each other.

[0044] The locking ring 23 is fixed on the outer milling cutter 2, so when the inner milling cutter 3 moves out of the placement groove 33, the center axis of the inner milling cutter 3 will coincide with the center axis of the outer milling cutter 2, so as to avoid that the movement of the inner milling cutter 3 will affect the machining accuracy. The rotating internal thread 20 and external thread 19 will continuously twist and continuously fit tightly under high speed conditions. However, once the tightness is too high and it is necessary to switch again to slow down, the stuck internal milling cutter 3 cannot get rid of the threaded connection between the internal thread 20 and the external thread 19 through the speed difference. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the internal milling cutter 3 when it moves to the specified position. Therefore, when the outer protrusion 26 on one side of the annular limiting groove 25 on the internal milling cutter 3 abuts against the locking ring 23, the internal milling cutter 3 cannot move again because it is stuck, which makes it impossible for the internal milling cutter 3 to further drive the internal thread 20 to contact the external thread 19, ensuring that the axis of the internal milling cutter 3 coincides with the axis of the milling cutter while preventing the internal milling cutter 3 from further driving the internal thread 20 to be threadedly connected with the external thread 19, so that the milling cutter as a whole can be switched back and forth, ensuring the smoothness of the milling cutter switching, and indirectly improving the efficiency of the milling machine processing.

[0045] The inner milling cutter 3 is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 21, a fixing frame 34 is fixedly installed in the ventilation holes 21, a cross film 35 is fixedly installed on the fixing frame 34, and the cross film 35 is located on the side close to the cutter head, the ventilation holes 21 are inclined and face the inner edge of the outer milling cutter 2, a plurality of recessed grooves 27 are provided on the pushing plate 16 on one side, and the corners on both sides of the recessed grooves 27 are in the shape of long circular arcs, a rotating column 18 is rotatably connected in the placement groove 33, and the rotating column 18 abuts against the side wall of the pushing plate 16, when the inner milling cutter 3 is retracted, the distance between the end of the inner milling cutter 3 and the end of the outer milling cutter 2 is 5 mm, and the depth of the recessed groove 27 is 6 mm.

[0046] Because the inner milling cutter 3 will shrink into the outer milling cutter 2, a certain gap will be generated at the cutter head after the inner milling cutter 3 is retracted, which may easily cause metal debris to enter the outer milling cutter 2 when it is cutting. Therefore, the rotation of the outer milling cutter 2 drives the rotating column 18 in the placement groove 33 to rotate, and the rotation causes it to rotate on the pushing plate 16. When the rotating column 18 rotates into the recessed groove 27, the first compression spring 15 will pull the pushing plate 16 up, and the external air is driven into the vent 21 by the up and down movement of the pushing plate 16. Because the cross film 35 is located on the side close to the cutter head and is supported by a fixing frame 34 on one side, it is impossible to evacuate the seven, and the air can only be evacuated through the gap of the upper pushing column. After the gas is drawn back, the gas is discharged through the vent 21. Because the fixing frame 34 does not support the cross film 35, the gas can be discharged quickly. The discharged gas prevents metal debris generated during processing from entering the connection, causing the debris to rotate at high speed and scratch the surface of the part, thereby ensuring normal processing and production of the milling cutter.

[0047] A hole is formed in the placement groove 33, and a block magnet 32 ​​is placed in the hole. An annular mounting groove is formed on the inner milling cutter 3, and an annular magnet 31 is fixedly mounted in the annular mounting groove.

[0048] Because the inner milling cutter 3 is connected to the pushing column through the pushing plate 16 and the second compression spring, the inner milling cutter 3 will swing up and down during the rotation of the outer milling cutter 2. Therefore, the inner milling cutter 3 is fixed by adsorption through the block magnet 32 ​​and the annular magnet 31 on the annular mounting groove to prevent it from swinging up and down uncontrolled, so that the rotating column 18 can push the inner milling cutter 3 to slide downward and quickly return to its original position.

[0049] An inclined liquid inlet hole 30 is provided on the external milling cutter 2, and the liquid inlet hole 30 is connected to the placement groove 33, and the liquid inlet hole 30 is located above the external thread 19. When the machine tool is shut down for maintenance, the lubricating oil is pushed into the liquid inlet hole 30 through the liquid inlet hole 30, and the inflowing lubricating oil lubricates the connection between the external thread 19 and the internal thread 20 to prevent the internal milling cutter 3 and the external milling cutter 2 from being stuck due to being stationary for a long time.

[0050] An annular groove 29 is provided on the inner milling cutter 3, and the annular groove 29 is arranged below the inner thread 20, and the inclination direction of the annular groove 29 is consistent with the inclination direction of the outer thread 19. A sealing ring 28 is fixedly installed in the annular groove 29, and the outer side of the sealing ring 28 abuts against the inner wall of the placement groove 33. Because a certain gap is generated between the inner milling cutter 3 and the outer milling cutter 2, some metal dust generated during processing will enter the threaded connection of the placement groove 33, so the sealing ring 28 can prevent metal powder from entering the placement groove 33, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the milling cutter.

[0051] Before operation, the milling cutter body 1 is installed on the machine tool, and the machine tool is driven to operate and drive the milling cutter body 1 to rotate. When the speed of the milling machine is maintained at 500 rpm, the milling cutter of the milling machine maintains a low speed. The rotation of the milling cutter will drive the fixed ring 5 to rotate, and will also drive the circular plate 4 in the fixed ring 5 to rotate. Because the milling cutter maintains a low speed, centrifugal force will be generated when the circular plate 4 rotates, and the magnitude of the centrifugal force is related to the speed of the circular plate 4. The centrifugal force generated by the circular plate 4 that maintains a low speed will be smaller, so that the counterweight block 14 sliding in the slide groove 12 is subjected to a small centrifugal force, and the counterweight block 14 slides in the slide groove 12 through the centrifugal force. At the same time, because of the limit rod 13 The limitation makes the counterweight 14 only move in a straight line along the slide 12. Of course, due to a certain centrifugal force, the counterweight 14 moves toward the edge of the disc away from the center during the rotation of the disc. When the centrifugal force is small, the moving counterweight 14 pushes the first compression spring 15 on the limit rod 13 to be compressed, causing the counterweight 14 to move a small distance. The moving counterweight 14 will drive the inner arc magnet 11 fixed thereon to move. Of course, at this time, there is still a moving distance between the inner arc magnet 11 and the outer arc magnet 10, and the inner arc magnet 11 cannot push the outer arc magnet 10 to move by magnetic force, that is, it cannot push the inner milling cutter 3 to move by the pushing column.

[0052] Of course, the rotation of the external milling cutter 2 drives the rotating column 18 in the placement groove 33 to rotate, and the rotation causes it to rotate on the pushing plate 16. When the rotating column 18 rotates into the recessed groove 27, the first compression spring 15 will pull the pushing plate 16 up, and the external air is driven into the vent 21 by the up and down movement of the pushing plate 16. Because the cross film 35 is located on the side close to the cutter head and is supported by a fixing frame 34 on one side, it is impossible to pump air, and the air can only be pumped through the gap of the pushing column above. After the gas is pumped back, the gas is discharged through the vent 21. Because the fixing frame 34 will not support the cross film 35, the gas can be discharged quickly, and the discharged gas prevents metal debris generated during processing from entering the connection, causing the debris to rotate at high speed and scratch the surface of the part.

[0053] When the milling cutter of the milling machine continuously increases the speed to 1000 rpm, the circular plate 4 rotates at high speed to generate a large centrifugal force, so that the counterweight 14 will be subjected to a large centrifugal force and will move a long distance under the action of the centrifugal force, and the first compression spring 15 on one side will be tightly compressed, so that the final position of the counterweight 14 will be located at the edge of the circular plate 4. At the same time, the counterweight 14 that moves greatly will drive the inner arc magnet 11 installed thereon to move, and push the outer arc magnet 10 to move by the repulsion of opposite poles. The outer arc magnet 10 is installed at the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 9, so it will push the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 9 to contract. Of course, because the two magnets with different magnetic properties are used to push each other to move, the impact of the small back and forth shaking of the counterweight 14 during the rotation process is reduced, and the small back and forth shaking of the counterweight 14 causes the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 9 to continue to rise and shrink, and the hydraulic oil in it is pushed into the hydraulic telescopic rod 8 through the pipeline, so that the movable end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 8 extends forward and pushes the push rod 7 fixed on its movable end to move.

[0054] Because the push rod 7 is rotatably connected to the push plate 16 on one side, the push rod 7 will drive the connected push plate 16 to move when it moves. Because a second compression spring 17 is installed between the push plates 16 on both sides, the upper push plate 16 that moves downward will squeeze the lower push plate 16 through the second compression spring, so that the lower push plate 16 needs to move downward continuously, and the push plate 16 is rotatably connected to the inner milling cutter 3, so the movement of the push plate 16 will drive the connected inner milling cutter 3 to move out of the placement groove 33. Of course, because there are external threads 19 and internal threads 20, the push plate 16 pushes the inner milling cutter 3 to a certain position and then the external threads 20 are released. 19 and the internal thread 20 will abut against each other, but because the external milling cutter 2 will drive the external thread 19 to rotate at a high speed, the internal thread 20 abutting against the external thread 19 will be threadedly connected to each other at this time, and the internal milling cutter 3 will be continuously fixed by rotation, so that the external thread 19 and the internal thread 20 are meshed with each other. Because it is a threaded connection, the internal milling cutter 3 will not shrink inward due to excessive force during production and processing. While ensuring that the milling cutter can be switched quickly, the connection tightness of the cutter head is guaranteed, and the parts will not be unable to be processed due to the shrinkage of the cutter head, which ensures the processing efficiency of the parts and the product qualification rate during part processing.

[0055] Because there is a moving gap between the two milling cutters, a small amount of gap will still cause the milling cutter to be unable to rotate around the central axis during actual use, and a certain offset will occur. Therefore, when the inner milling cutter 3 moves, the locking ring 23 in the placement groove 33 will slide in the annular limiting groove 25 of the inner milling cutter 3. When the inner milling cutter 3 moves to the specified position, the inner recessed position 24 on one side of the locking ring 23 will abut against the outer protruding position 26 on one side of the annular limiting groove 25. Through the cone setting, when the inner recessed position abuts against the outer protruding position, the central axis of the inner milling cutter 3 will coincide with the central axis of the locking ring 23. The locking ring 23 is fixed on the outer milling cutter 2. Therefore, when the inner milling cutter 3 moves out of the placement groove 33, the central axis of the inner milling cutter 3 will coincide with the central axis of the outer milling cutter 2, thereby avoiding that the movement of the inner milling cutter 3 will affect the machining accuracy. The inner thread 20 and the outer thread 19 are connected tightly together at high speeds, but once the tightness is too high and it is necessary to switch again to slow down, the stuck inner milling cutter 3 cannot get rid of the threaded connection between the inner thread 20 and the outer thread 19 through the speed difference. Therefore, the inner milling cutter 3 needs to be limited when it moves to the specified position. Therefore, when the outer protrusion 26 on one side of the annular limiting groove 25 on the inner milling cutter 3 abuts against the locking ring 23, the inner milling cutter 3 cannot move again because it is stuck, which makes it impossible for the inner milling cutter 3 to further drive the inner thread 20 to contact the outer thread 19, thereby ensuring that the axis of the inner milling cutter 3 coincides with the axis of the milling cutter and preventing the inner milling cutter 3 from further driving the inner thread 20 to be threadedly connected with the outer thread 19.

[0056] Of course, because the inner milling cutter 3 is connected to the outer milling cutter 2 by a threaded connection, when the milling cutter needs to switch the cutter head again and retract the inner milling cutter 3 into the outer milling cutter 2, the milling machine controls the cutter head speed to quickly reduce from 1000 rpm to 500 rpm. At this time, the outer cutter head is fixed on the milling machine and will quickly decelerate following the deceleration of the machine tool. However, when the inner milling cutter 3 has no threads, it is rotatably connected in the outer milling cutter 2. Therefore, at this time, the inner milling cutter 3 will continue to rotate at a high speed due to inertia, resulting in a certain speed difference between the outer milling cutter 2 and the inner milling cutter 3. The speed difference generated will drive the inner thread 20 to continuously disengage from the outer thread 19. Of course, due to centrifugal force, the movable end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 8 retracts backward and pushes the push rod 7 fixed on its movable end to move, driving the inner milling cutter 3 to retract and retract into the outer milling cutter 2 through two push plates 16 and the second compression spring 17 therebetween.

[0057] A specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above described embodiment. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of these embodiments without departing from the principles and ideas of the present invention should still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-level milling cutter that can be adjusted after offset, characterized in that: The invention comprises a milling cutter body (1), wherein the milling cutter body (1) comprises an external milling cutter (2) and an internal milling cutter (3), wherein a placement groove (33) is provided in the external milling cutter (2), wherein the internal milling cutter (3) is slidably connected in the placement groove (33), wherein a locking assembly is provided in the placement groove (33), wherein the locking assembly is connected to the internal milling cutter (3), wherein a fixing ring (5) is fixedly installed on a side of the external milling cutter (2) away from the cutter head, wherein a circular groove (6) is provided in the external milling cutter (2), wherein one end of the circular groove (6) is connected to the placement groove (33), and the other side of the circular groove (6) is connected to the inside of the fixing ring (5), wherein a push rod (7) is slidably connected in the circular groove (6), wherein the push rod (7) is slidably connected to the inside of ... One end of the push rod (7) is connected to the inner milling cutter (3), and a push assembly is arranged in the fixed ring (5). The push assembly is connected to the push rod (7). When the machine tool speed reaches a set value, the push assembly pushes the push rod (7) to move. The moving push rod (7) drives the connected inner milling cutter (3) to continuously move out of the placement groove (33). When it moves to a specified position, the position of the inner milling cutter (3) is locked by the locking assembly. When the machine tool speed reaches a set value, the locking assembly unlocks the position of the inner milling cutter (3). The push assembly drives the inner milling cutter (3) to re-enter the placement groove (33) through the push rod (7).

2. A multi-level milling cutter that can be adjusted after deflection according to claim 1, characterized in that The pushing assembly comprises a circular plate (4), a limiting rod (13), a counterweight (14), a first compression spring (15), a hydraulic cylinder (9), an inner arc magnet (11), an outer arc magnet (10), and a hydraulic telescopic rod (8). The circular plate (4) is fixedly installed in the fixing ring (5). Two symmetrically arranged sliding grooves (12) are provided on the circular plate (4). The sliding groove (12) is fixedly installed with a limiting rod (13). The limiting rod (13) is sleeved with a counterweight (14) slidably connected in the sliding groove (12). The counterweight (14) and the inner wall of the sliding groove (12) are abutted against each other by a first compression spring (15) sleeved on the limiting rod (13). The first compression spring (15) A plurality of hydraulic cylinders (9) are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the fixed ring (5), the axes of the hydraulic cylinders (9) and the axes of the limit rods (13) are located in the same vertical plane, an inner arc magnet (11) is fixedly mounted on the counterweight (14), an outer arc magnet (10) is fixedly mounted on the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder (9), the magnetic poles of the contact surfaces of the inner arc magnet (11) and the outer arc magnet (10) are opposite, a hydraulic telescopic rod (8) is fixedly mounted in the fixed ring (5), the movable end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (8) is fixedly mounted on the push rod (7), and the hydraulic telescopic rod (8) is connected to the hydraulic cylinder (9) through a pipeline.

3. The multi-level milling cutter that can be adjusted after offset according to claim 2, characterized in that The locking assembly comprises a second compression-extension spring (17) and a push plate (16). The second compression-extension spring (17) is placed in the placement groove (33). Push plates (16) are fixedly installed on both sides of the second compression-extension spring (17). The push plate (16) on one side is rotatably connected to the push rod (7), and the push plate (16) on the other side is rotatably connected to the inner milling cutter (3). An external thread (19) is provided in the placement groove (33), and the external thread (19) is arranged in the middle position of the placement groove (33). An internal thread (20) is provided on the inner milling cutter (3). When the inner milling cutter (3) moves to a specified position, the internal thread (20) and the external thread (19) are meshed with each other.

4. The multi-level milling cutter that can be adjusted after offset according to claim 3, characterized in that A limiting ring (22) is fixedly installed in the placement groove (33), and the limiting ring (22) is arranged on the side of the external thread (19) close to the milling cutter head. A locking ring (23) is fixedly installed in the placement groove (33), and the locking ring (23) is arranged on the side of the external thread (19) away from the milling cutter head. The inner ring of the locking ring (23) is in an inner concave shape (24). An annular limiting groove (25) is provided on the inner milling cutter (3), and the annular limiting groove (25) is arranged at the tail of the inner milling cutter (3). One side of the annular limiting groove (25) is in an outer protrusion shape (26). The locking ring (23) slides in the annular limiting groove (25). When the inner milling cutter (3) moves to a specified position, the outer protrusion (26) and the inner concave shape (24) abut against each other.

5. The multi-level milling cutter that can be adjusted after deflection according to claim 4, characterized in that The inner milling cutter (3) is provided with a plurality of vent holes (21), a fixing frame (34) is fixedly installed in the vent holes (21), a cross film (35) is fixedly installed on the fixing frame (34), and the cross film (35) is located on the side close to the cutter head, the vent holes (21) are inclined and face the inner edge of the outer milling cutter (2), a plurality of recessed grooves (27) are provided on the push plate (16) on one side, and the corners on both sides of the recessed grooves (27) are long arc-shaped, a rotating column (18) is rotatably connected in the placement groove (33), and the rotating column (18) abuts against the side wall of the push plate (16), when the head of the inner milling cutter (3) is retracted, the distance between the end of the inner milling cutter (3) and the end of the outer milling cutter (2) is a, and the depth of the recessed groove (27) is b, and a is greater than b.

6. The multi-level milling cutter that can be adjusted after deflection according to claim 4, characterized in that The placement groove (33) is provided with a hole, a block magnet (32) is placed in the hole, and the inner milling cutter (3) is provided with an annular mounting groove, an annular magnet (31) is fixedly installed in the annular mounting groove.

7. The multi-level milling cutter that can be adjusted after deflection according to claim 3, characterized in that The external milling cutter (2) is provided with an inclined liquid inlet hole (30), the liquid inlet hole (30) is connected to the placement groove (33), and the liquid inlet hole (30) is located above the external thread (19).

8. The multi-level milling cutter that can be adjusted after deflection according to claim 3, characterized in that The inner milling cutter (3) is provided with an annular groove (29), which is arranged below the inner thread (20), and the inclination direction of the annular groove (29) is consistent with the inclination direction of the outer thread (19). A sealing ring (28) is fixedly installed in the annular groove (29), and the outer side of the sealing ring (28) abuts against the inner wall of the placement groove (33).

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