A floating reamer

Abstract

The present invention provides a floating reamer, which comprises a tool rod, a tool head installed at the front end of the tool rod, and a tool handle installed at the rear end of the tool rod. The reamer also comprises a shell, which is sleeved at the connection between the tool rod and the tool handle. The reamer also comprises a screw sleeve sleeved on the tool rod, which is located in the shell. The screw sleeve comprises a threaded section, the outer side of the threaded section is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the shell, the inner wall of the screw sleeve comprises a tapered surface with an inner diameter gradually increasing from front to back, the tool rod comprises a tapered section, the outer wall of the tapered section of the tool rod is a tapered surface, the diameter of the tapered surface gradually increases from front to back, the tapered surface is sleeved outside the tapered section, and the screw sleeve can move forward and backward relative to the shell when being twisted, so as to change the floating space between the tapered surface of the screw sleeve and the tapered section of the tool rod, so as to adjust the floating amount of the reamer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanical design, and in particular to a floating reamer. Background Art

[0002] The description in this section merely provides background information related to the present disclosure and does not constitute prior art.

[0003] In the existing reamer design and application, many reamers have fixed structures and fixed floating amounts, which are difficult to flexibly adjust according to different processing technologies. For example, some reamers designed as rigid structures to ensure accuracy can ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface roughness of holes when processing high-precision, high-hardness materials with high equipment precision and stable environment. However, in the face of different processing tasks, their fixed characteristics have obvious limitations. When processing soft materials such as aluminum alloys and copper alloys, the rigid reamers will affect the processing accuracy and cause problems such as aperture deviation due to the low elastic modulus of the materials. In special processing technologies, such as processing irregular inner wall holes or frequently changing the cutting direction and force, the traditional reamer fixed structure cannot be flexibly adapted, which limits the selection of processing technologies and the scope of application. Therefore, the development of reamers that can flexibly adjust the floating amount according to different processing technology requirements is of great significance to improving processing accuracy, product quality, enhancing process adaptability, improving production efficiency, and reducing costs. It is an urgent problem to be solved in the field of mechanical processing.

[0004] It should be noted that the above introduction to the technical background is only for the convenience of providing a clear and complete description of the technical solutions of the present invention and for the convenience of understanding by those skilled in the art. It cannot be considered that the above technical solutions are well known to those skilled in the art simply because these solutions are described in the background technology section of the present invention. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a floating reamer.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a floating reamer, the reamer includes a tool rod, a tool head installed at the front end of the tool rod, and a tool handle installed at the rear end of the tool rod. The reamer also includes a shell, and the shell is sleeved at the connection between the tool rod and the tool handle. The reamer also includes a screw sleeve sleeved on the tool rod, and the screw sleeve is located in the shell. The screw sleeve includes a threaded section, and the outer side of the threaded section is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the shell. The inner wall of the screw sleeve includes a conical surface with an inner diameter gradually increasing from front to back. The tool rod includes a conical section, and the outer wall of the conical section of the tool rod is a conical surface, and the diameter of the conical surface gradually increases from front to back. The conical surface is sleeved outside the conical section. When the screw sleeve is twisted, it can move forward and backward relative to the shell, thereby changing the floating space between the conical surface of the screw sleeve and the conical section of the tool rod to adjust the floating amount of the reamer.

[0007] Preferably, when the screw sleeve is tightened, the screw sleeve moves backward relative to the shell body, the conical surface of the screw sleeve fits with the outer wall of the conical section of the tool rod, and there is no floating space between the tool rod and the screw sleeve; when the screw sleeve is loosened, the screw sleeve moves forward relative to the shell body, and a gap is generated between the conical surface of the screw sleeve and the outer wall of the conical section of the tool rod, and the gap provides a floating space between the tool rod and the screw sleeve; the screw sleeve also includes a limiting section located in the front section of the threaded section, and the side wall of the limiting section is provided with a plurality of The sleeve has a circumferentially arranged limiting groove, a plurality of first screw holes are opened on the side wall of the shell, the plurality of first screw holes are arranged along the circumference of the shell, a ball screw is installed in the first screw hole, the ball screw is provided with a ball head with an elastic structure, the ball head passes through the first screw hole and is inserted into the limiting groove, a plurality of wrench holes are provided on the front end surface of the screw sleeve, the wrench holes are used to facilitate the insertion of a wrench to screw the screw sleeve, when the screw sleeve is screwed, the ball heads of the ball screws will fall into the limiting grooves of the screw sleeve one by one.

[0008] Preferably, the inner wall of the shell is provided with a first step, a second step and a third step which are arranged in sequence and coaxially, the inner diameter of the second step is smaller than the first step and the third step, a thread is provided on the inner wall of the first step, the threaded portion of the screw sleeve is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the first step, and the limiting section of the screw sleeve and the first screw hole are located in the front side of the first step.

[0009] Preferably, the portion of the tool rod located behind the tapered section protrudes along the circumferential direction to form a first flange portion, and the front end of the tool handle protrudes along the circumferential direction to form a second flange portion, the first flange portion and the second flange portion are butted against each other, and the front end surface of the second flange portion is recessed backward to form a mounting groove, and the rear end portion of the tool rod is inserted into the mounting groove.

[0010] Preferably, the rear end face of the first flange portion is circumferentially provided with a plurality of first pin holes, the front end face of the second flange portion is circumferentially provided with a plurality of second pin holes, the reamer further comprises a plurality of pins, the front ends of the pins are inserted into the first pin holes, the rear ends of the pins are inserted into the corresponding second pin holes, the pins are tightly fitted with the second pin holes, and there is a movable space between the pins and the first pin holes.

[0011] Preferably, the first pin hole is a long hole, and when the pin is inserted into the first pin hole, there is a circumferential relative movement space between the pin and the first flange, and the second pin hole is a circular hole that matches the shape of the front end of the pin.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of second screw holes are provided on the side wall of the shell, the second screw holes are located at the rear side of the third step, the plurality of second screw holes are arranged circumferentially along the screw sleeve, a top screw is provided in the second screw hole, a limiting structure is provided on the side wall of the second flange, the top screw passes through the second screw hole and is inserted into the limiting structure of the second flange to position the tool handle in the circumferential direction.

[0013] Preferably, the rear end portion of the tool rod located at the rear side of the first flange portion is provided with a circle of second sealing grooves along the circumferential direction, a second sealing ring is installed in the second sealing groove, the rear end portion of the tool rod and the side wall of the mounting groove are sealed by the second sealing ring, a second ball gasket is installed between the rear end face of the rear end portion of the tool rod and the bottom surface of the mounting groove, a first ball gasket is installed between the rear end face of the second step and the front end face of the first flange, a circle of first sealing grooves is provided on the side wall of the tool rod along the circumferential direction, the first sealing groove is located between the tapered section and the first flange portion, a first sealing ring is installed in the first sealing groove, and the side wall of the tool rod and the inner side wall of the second step are sealed by the first sealing ring.

[0014] Preferably, the tool handle has a second threaded hole, which passes through the tool handle along the central axis direction of the tool handle, the second threaded hole is threadedly connected to the second screw, and the tail of the second screw extends forward from the bottom of the mounting groove, the tool rod is provided with a first threaded hole and a first through hole, the first threaded hole is coaxially arranged with the first through hole, connected front and back and passing through the tool rod, the first threaded hole is located at the front side of the first through hole, the tail of the second screw is inserted into the first through hole, the inner wall of the second threaded hole is circumferentially provided with a third sealing groove, a sealing gasket is provided in the third sealing groove, the sealing gasket will undergo elastic deformation when squeezed, the third sealing groove is opened at the rear end inner wall of the second threaded hole, and its position is close to the rear end opening of the second threaded hole, the outer wall of the second screw and the inner wall of the second threaded hole are sealed by the sealing gasket.

[0015] Preferably, the second screw is provided with a second through hole, and the second through hole penetrates the second screw along the central axis of the second screw; the cutter head is provided with a third threaded hole, and the third threaded hole penetrates the cutter head along the central axis direction of the cutter head; the first screw is installed in the third threaded hole, and the tail of the first screw is threadedly connected with the first threaded hole; the first screw is provided with a third through hole, and the third through hole penetrates the first screw along the central axis direction of the first screw; the first through hole, the second through hole and the third channel are interconnected to form a waterway for cooling water.

[0016] By means of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The floating reamer of the present invention changes the floating space between the shank and the screw sleeve by twisting the screw sleeve, thereby adjusting the floating amount of the reamer, which enables the reamer to adapt to a variety of different processing technology requirements. In the present application, the screw sleeve is located in the housing and is connected to the housing by a thread. This design makes the overall structure of the reamer compact and occupies a small space. At the same time, the floating state of the reamer can be changed by twisting the screw sleeve with a tool, which is convenient and quick to operate, and has relatively low skill requirements for the operator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the floating reamer of the present application.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the floating reamer of the present application.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the outer cover of the present application.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the screw sleeve of the present application.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the screw sleeve of the present application.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the knife bar of the present application.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the knife handle of the present application.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the knife bar of the present application.

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the knife handle of the present application.

[0026] 1. Shell; 2. Cutter bar; 3. Cutter handle; 4. Cutter head; 5. Pin; 6. Screw sleeve; 7. First ball bearing gasket; 8. Second ball bearing gasket; 9. Retaining ring; 10. First sealing ring; 20. Top screw; 30. second screw; 40. sealing gasket; 50. second sealing ring; 301. second through hole; 11. first concave ring; 12. first step; 13. second step; 14. third step; 15. first screw hole; 16. second screw hole; 21. straight section; 22. tapered section; 23. first flange portion; 24. first sealing groove; 25. first pin hole; 26. second sealing groove; 27. first threaded hole; 28. first through hole; 29. ​​tapered hole; 31. second flange; 32. mounting groove; 33. second pin hole; 34. top screw concave ring; 35. second threaded hole; 36. third sealing groove; 41. third screw hole; 42. tapered end; 61. ball-end screw; 62. limit section; 621. limit groove; 622. wrench hole; 63. threaded section; 632. tapered surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and to distinguish similar objects. There is no order of precedence between the two, and they cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0029] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the floating reamer of the present application comprises a shank 2, a cutter head 4 mounted at the front end of the shank 2, and a handle 3 mounted at the rear end of the shank 2. The reamer also comprises a housing 1, and the housing 1 is sleeved at the connection between the shank 2 and the handle 3. The reamer further comprises a screw sleeve 6 sleeved on the shank 2 , and the screw sleeve 6 is located in the housing 1 .

[0030] like Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the screw sleeve 6 includes a threaded section 63, the outer side of the threaded section 63 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1, and the inner wall of the screw sleeve 6 includes a conical surface 632 whose inner diameter gradually increases from front to back.

[0031] like Figure 6 As shown, the knife rod 2 includes a tapered section 22, and the outer wall of the tapered section 22 of the knife rod 2 is a tapered surface 632, and the diameter of the tapered surface 632 gradually increases from the front to the back.

[0032] When the screw sleeve 6 is screwed, the screw sleeve 6 can move forward and backward relative to the housing 1 .

[0033] Specifically, when the screw sleeve 6 is tightened, the screw sleeve 6 moves backward relative to the housing 1, and the conical surface 632 of the screw sleeve 6 fits against the outer wall of the conical section 22 of the tool rod 2, so that there is no floating space between the tool rod 2 and the screw sleeve 6.

[0034] When the screw sleeve 6 is loosened, the screw sleeve 6 moves forward relative to the housing 1, and a gap is generated between the conical surface 632 of the screw sleeve 6 and the outer wall of the conical section 22 of the tool rod 2. This gap allows a certain floating space between the tool rod 2 and the screw sleeve 6.

[0035] like Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the screw sleeve 6 further includes a limiting section 62 located in front of the threaded section 63, and the side wall of the limiting section 62 is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves 621 arranged along the circumference of the screw sleeve 6. In a preferred embodiment, the limiting grooves 621 extend along the axial direction of the reamer.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the inner wall of the housing 1 is provided with a first step 12, a second step 13 and a third step 14 which are arranged coaxially in sequence and in a continuous manner. The inner diameter of the second step 13 is smaller than that of the first step 12 and the third step 14.

[0037] The inner wall of the first step 12 is provided with threads, and the threaded portion of the screw sleeve 6 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the first step 12 .

[0038] The limiting section 62 of the screw sleeve 6 is located in front of the first step 12 .

[0039] A plurality of first screw holes 15 are formed on the side wall of the housing 1 . The first screw holes 15 are located in front of the first step 12 . The plurality of first screw holes 15 are arranged along the circumference of the housing 1 .

[0040] A ball screw 61 is installed in the first screw hole 15 . The ball screw 61 is provided with a ball head with an elastic structure. The ball head passes through the first screw hole 15 and is inserted into the limiting groove 621 .

[0041] The front end surface of the screw sleeve 6 is provided with a plurality of spanner holes 622. The spanner holes 622 are used to facilitate the insertion of a spanner to screw the screw sleeve 6.

[0042] When there is no external force acting on the screw sleeve 6, the ball screw 61 is inserted into the limiting groove 621. This inserted state can effectively limit the rotation of the screw sleeve 6 in the circumferential direction, so that the screw sleeve 6 can maintain a fixed position without external interference and will not rotate circumferentially.

[0043] When the screw sleeve 6 is screwed, the ball heads of the ball screw 61 will fall into the limiting grooves 621 of the screw sleeve 6 one by one. Each time the ball heads fall into the limiting grooves 621, they will play a certain positioning and damping role on the rotation of the screw sleeve 6, which makes the rotation of the screw sleeve 6 not continuous and smooth, but presents a stable and rhythmic one-by-one rotation state. This design not only ensures the accuracy of the screw sleeve 6 during the rotation process, but also can provide appropriate resistance to the rotation of the screw sleeve 6 through the cooperation between the ball screw 61 and the limiting grooves 621, avoid excessive screwing of the screw sleeve 6 due to excessive force or other factors, and improve the accuracy of the rotation of the screw sleeve 6.

[0044] like Figure 6 As shown, the portion of the shank 2 located behind the tapered section 22 protrudes along the circumferential direction to form a first flange portion 23 .

[0045] like Figure 7 As shown, the front end of the handle 3 is circumferentially protruding to form a second flange portion 31 , and the front end of the second flange portion 31 is recessed backward to form a mounting groove 32 .

[0046] The rear end of the knife bar 2 is inserted into the mounting groove 32 , and the first flange 23 and the second flange 31 are butted against each other.

[0047] A plurality of first pin holes 25 are circumferentially arranged on the rear end surface of the first flange portion 23 .

[0048] Correspondingly, a plurality of second pin holes 33 are circumferentially arranged on the front end surface of the second flange portion 31 .

[0049] The reamer further comprises a plurality of pins 5 , the front ends of the pins 5 are inserted into the first pin holes 25 , and the rear ends of the pins 5 are inserted into the corresponding second pin holes 33 .

[0050] The pin 5 and the second pin hole 33 are tightly matched and have no movable space.

[0051] There is a certain movable space between the pin 5 and the first pin hole 25 .

[0052] like Figure 8 As shown, the first pin hole 25 is a long hole, specifically a waist-shaped hole. When the pin 5 is inserted into the first pin hole 25, there is a circumferential relative movement space between the pin and the first flange.

[0053] like Fig. 9 As shown, the second pin hole 33 is a round hole, which matches the shape of the front end of the pin. For a tight fit, there is no relative movement space between the second flange and the pin.

[0054] This structure enables relative movement space to be provided between the first flange and the second flange.

[0055] like Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of second screw holes 16 are provided on the side wall of the housing 1, and the second screw holes 16 are located at the rear side of the third step 14, and the plurality of second screw holes 16 are arranged circumferentially along the screw sleeve 6. A top screw 20 is provided in the second screw hole 16.

[0056] like Figure 7 As shown, a limiting structure is provided on the side wall of the second flange, and the top screw 20 passes through the second screw hole 16 and is inserted into the limiting structure of the second flange to position the handle 3 in the circumferential direction. The limiting structure can be a top screw concave ring 34 provided along the circumferential direction, or a limiting concave hole matched with the number and position of the second screw hole 16.

[0057] like Figure 2 and 6 As shown, the rear end portion of the tool rod 2 located at the rear side of the first flange portion 23 is circumferentially provided with a circle of second sealing grooves 26, and a second sealing ring 50 is installed in the second sealing groove 26. The rear end portion of the tool rod 2 and the side wall of the installation groove 32 are sealed by the second sealing ring 50.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, a second ball washer 8 is installed between the rear end surface of the rear end portion of the shank 2 and the bottom surface of the mounting groove 32. The balls in the second ball washer 8 can roll between the two contact surfaces, converting the sliding friction into rolling friction, preventing direct contact between the surfaces, thereby reducing the wear between the contact surfaces and preventing the reduction of the installation accuracy that may be caused by the wear.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, a first ball washer 7 is installed between the rear end face of the second step 13 and the front end face of the first flange. The function of the first ball washer 7 is the same as that of the second ball washer 8, which is also used to reduce the wear between the contact surfaces.

[0060] like Figure 6 As shown, a circle of first sealing grooves 24 are arranged on the side wall of the tool bar 2 along the circumferential direction, and the first sealing grooves 24 are located between the tapered section 22 and the first flange portion 23. A first sealing ring 10 is installed in the first sealing groove 24. The side wall of the tool bar 2 and the inner side wall of the second step 13 are sealed by the first sealing ring 10.

[0061] like Figure 2 and 3As shown, the inner wall of the housing 1 is provided with a circle of first concave ring 11 along the circumferential direction, the first concave ring 11 is located at the front end of the housing 1, and a retaining ring 9 is installed in the first concave ring 11. The retaining ring 9 is used to block the front side of the screw sleeve 6 to prevent the screw sleeve 6 from detaching from the front end of the housing 1.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, the handle 3 has a second threaded hole 35, which passes through the handle 3 along the central axis direction of the handle 3. The second threaded hole 35 is threadedly connected to the second screw rod 30, and the tail of the second screw rod 30 extends forward from the bottom of the mounting groove 32.

[0063] The knife bar 2 is provided with a first threaded hole 27 and a first through hole 28. The first threaded hole 27 is coaxially arranged with the first through hole 28, connected front and back and passing through the knife bar 2. The first threaded hole 27 is located in front of the first through hole 28. The tail of the second screw rod 30 is inserted into the first through hole 28.

[0064] The inner wall of the second threaded hole 35 is provided with a third sealing groove 36 along the circumferential direction, and a sealing gasket 40 is provided in the third sealing groove 36. The outer wall of the second screw rod 30 and the inner wall of the second threaded hole 35 are sealed by the sealing gasket 40. The third sealing groove 36 is provided at the inner wall of the rear end of the second threaded hole 35, and its position is close to the rear end opening of the second threaded hole 35. The sealing gasket 40 can not only play a sealing role, but also has a restoring role. Specifically, since the sealing gasket 40 is elastic, it will produce elastic deformation when it is squeezed by the second screw rod 30 and the inner wall of the second threaded hole 35. When a certain degree of eccentricity or tilt occurs during the installation of the second screw rod 30, the sealing gasket 40 will generate a reaction force to try to restore its original shape. This reaction force will have a straightening effect on the second screw rod 30, helping the second screw rod 30 to return to the correct installation position to a certain extent. For example, assuming that a slight angular deviation occurs during installation of the second screw 30, the pressure on the sealing gasket 40 at different positions will be different, and the area with high pressure will produce a larger elastic deformation, thereby generating a force that forces the second screw 30 to return to the concentric position.

[0065] In addition, when the handle 3 is mounted to the rear end of the shank 2, the sealing gasket 40 will be elastically deformed due to being squeezed. This elastic deformation can compensate for the dimensional tolerance and processing error between the shank 2 and the handle 3 to a certain extent. When there is a certain dimensional deviation between the handle 3 and the shank 2, the elastic deformation of the sealing gasket 40 can make the fit between the two tighter, thereby reducing the problem of reduced installation accuracy caused by processing errors.

[0066] The second screw rod 30 is provided with a second through hole 301 , and the second through hole 301 penetrates the second screw rod 30 along the central axis of the second screw rod 30 .

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, the cutter head 4 is provided with a third threaded hole, and the third threaded hole penetrates the cutter head 4 along the central axis direction of the cutter head 4. A first screw (not shown in the figure) is installed in the third threaded hole, and the tail of the first screw is threadedly connected with the first threaded hole 27. A third through hole is provided in the first screw, and the third through hole penetrates the first screw along the central axis direction of the first screw.

[0068] The first through hole 28, the second through hole 301 and the third channel are interconnected, and together constitute a water channel of the reamer to achieve the transmission function of coolant or other fluids.

[0069] like Figure 2 As shown, the cutter head 4 includes a cutter head body section and a tapered end 42 located at the rear side of the cutter head body section, and the diameter of the outer wall of the tapered section 22 gradually decreases from front to back. The diameter of the cutter head body section is larger than the diameter of the front side of the tapered end 42, and an annular step surface is formed on the rear end surface of the cutter head body section.

[0070] like Figure 6 As shown, the front end of the tool rod 2 is provided with a tapered hole 29, and the tapered end 42 of the tool head 4 is inserted into the tapered hole 29. When the tool head 4 is installed on the tool rod 2, the annular step surface abuts against the front end surface of the tool rod 2.

[0071] The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

Claims

1. A floating reamer, characterized in that: The reamer comprises a shank, a cutter head mounted at the front end of the shank, and a handle mounted at the rear end of the shank. The reamer also comprises a shell, which is sleeved at the connection between the shank and the handle. The reamer further comprises a screw sleeve sleeved on the shank, wherein the screw sleeve is located in the housing. The screw sleeve includes a threaded section, the outer side of the threaded section is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the shell, and the inner wall of the screw sleeve includes a tapered surface with an inner diameter gradually increasing from front to back. The knife bar comprises a tapered section, the outer wall of the tapered section of the knife bar is a tapered surface, the diameter of the tapered surface gradually increases from front to back, and the tapered surface is sleeved outside the tapered section. When the screw sleeve is screwed, it can move forward and backward relative to the shell body, changing the floating space between the conical surface of the screw sleeve and the conical section of the tool rod to adjust the floating amount of the reamer.

2. The floating reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the screw sleeve is tightened, the screw sleeve moves backward relative to the housing, the conical surface of the screw sleeve fits with the outer wall of the conical section of the knife rod, and there is no floating space between the knife rod and the screw sleeve. When the screw sleeve is loosened, the screw sleeve moves forward relative to the housing, and a gap is generated between the conical surface of the screw sleeve and the outer wall of the conical section of the tool rod. The gap provides a floating space between the tool rod and the screw sleeve. The screw sleeve further comprises a limiting section located in front of the threaded section, and the side wall of the limiting section is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves arranged along the circumference of the screw sleeve. A plurality of first screw holes are provided on the side wall of the shell, and the plurality of first screw holes are arranged along the circumference of the shell. A ball screw is installed in the first screw hole, and the ball screw is provided with a ball head with an elastic structure. The ball head passes through the first screw hole and is inserted into the limiting groove. The front end surface of the screw sleeve is provided with a plurality of spanner holes, and the spanner holes are used to facilitate the insertion of a spanner to screw the screw sleeve. When the screw sleeve is screwed, the ball heads of the ball screws will fall into the limiting grooves of the screw sleeve one by one.

3. The floating reamer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the shell is provided with a first step, a second step and a third step which are arranged in sequence and coaxially, and the inner diameter of the second step is smaller than that of the first step and the third step. The inner wall of the first step is provided with a thread, the threaded portion of the screw sleeve is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the first step, and the limiting section of the screw sleeve and the first screw hole are located at the front side of the first step.

4. The floating reamer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The portion of the tool rod located behind the tapered section protrudes along the circumferential direction to form a first flange portion, and the front end of the tool handle protrudes along the circumferential direction to form a second flange portion. The first flange portion and the second flange portion are butted against each other, and the front end surface of the second flange portion is recessed backward to form a mounting groove, and the rear end portion of the tool rod is inserted into the mounting groove.

5. The floating reamer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rear end surface of the first flange portion is circumferentially provided with a plurality of first pin holes, the front end surface of the second flange portion is circumferentially provided with a plurality of second pin holes, the reamer further comprises a plurality of pins, the front ends of the pins are inserted into the first pin holes, the rear ends of the pins are inserted into the corresponding second pin holes, the pins are tightly fitted with the second pin holes, and there is a movable space between the pins and the first pin holes.

6. The floating reamer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first pin hole is a long hole. When the pin is inserted into the first pin hole, there is a circumferential relative movement space between the pin and the first flange. The second pin hole is a round hole that matches the shape of the front end of the pin.

7. The floating reamer according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of second screw holes are provided on the side wall of the shell, and the second screw holes are located at the rear side of the third step. The plurality of second screw holes are arranged circumferentially along the screw sleeve, and a top screw is provided in the second screw hole. A limiting structure is provided on the side wall of the second flange, and the top screw 20 passes through the second screw hole and is inserted into the limiting structure of the second flange to position the tool handle in the circumferential direction.

8. The floating reamer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rear end of the knife bar located at the rear side of the first flange is provided with a circle of second sealing grooves along the circumferential direction, a second sealing ring is installed in the second sealing groove, and the rear end of the knife bar and the side wall of the installation groove are sealed by the second sealing ring. A second ball washer is installed between the rear end surface of the rear end portion of the knife rod and the bottom surface of the mounting groove. A first ball washer is installed between the rear end surface of the second step and the front end surface of the first flange. A circle of first sealing grooves is circumferentially arranged on the side wall of the tool rod, the first sealing groove is located between the tapered section and the first flange portion, a first sealing ring is installed in the first sealing groove, and the side wall of the tool rod and the inner wall of the second step are sealed by the first sealing ring.

9. The floating reamer according to claim 8, characterized in that: The handle has a second threaded hole, which passes through the handle along the central axis of the handle. The second threaded hole is threadedly connected with a second screw rod, and the tail of the second screw rod extends forward from the bottom of the mounting groove. The knife bar is provided with a first threaded hole and a first through hole. The first threaded hole is coaxially arranged with the first through hole, connected front to back and passing through the knife bar. The first threaded hole is located in front of the first through hole. The tail of the second screw is inserted into the first through hole. A third sealing groove is circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the second threaded hole, and a sealing gasket is arranged in the third sealing groove. The sealing gasket will undergo elastic deformation when squeezed. The third sealing groove is opened on the rear end inner wall of the second threaded hole, and its position is close to the rear end opening of the second threaded hole. The outer wall of the second screw and the inner wall of the second threaded hole are sealed by the sealing gasket.

10. The floating reamer according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second screw is provided with a second through hole, and the second through hole penetrates the second screw along the central axis of the second screw. The cutter head is provided with a third threaded hole, and the third threaded hole penetrates the cutter head along the central axis direction of the cutter head. The first screw is installed in the third threaded hole, and the tail of the first screw is threadedly connected with the first threaded hole. The first screw is provided with a third through hole, and the third through hole penetrates the first screw along the central axis direction of the first screw. The first through hole, the second through hole and the third channel are interconnected to form a waterway for cooling water.

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