Organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing oil content in tobacco leaves and preparation and application method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses an organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of tobacco leaves and a preparation and application method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco planting. The organic and inorganic fertilizer comprises the following components: ammonium nitrate phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, oil-increasing organic materials, borax, zinc sulfate hydrate, magnesium oxide and bentonite; the oil-increasing organic materials comprise decomposed cake fertilizer and kitchen waste. The present invention combines organic and inorganic fertilizers, so that the prepared organic and inorganic fertilizers can not only meet the various nutrient elements required for the entire growth cycle of tobacco leaves, but also effectively improve the oil content and quality of tobacco leaves, reduce labor costs, and have far-reaching significance for the stability of tobacco-growing areas and the sustainable development of the tobacco industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco planting, and more specifically relates to an organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of tobacco leaves and a preparation and application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Oil refers to a soft semi-liquid or liquid substance contained in tobacco leaves, which is a key quality indicator in tobacco leaf grading. The oil content of tobacco leaves is closely related to their elasticity, toughness, hygroscopicity, maturity, physical and chemical properties, and smoke quality, and is the primary factor affecting the sensory evaluation and smoking quality of tobacco leaves. Tobacco leaves with high oil content usually have better aroma quality, less impurities, and a purer and more comfortable aftertaste. Studies have shown that organic nutrients such as amino acids, fatty acids, and organic acids have a significant effect on improving the oil content of tobacco leaves, which helps to improve the quality and aroma of tobacco leaves.

[0003] Existing tobacco-growing areas generally face the problems of a wide variety of fertilizers, frequent fertilization, large labor input, and low labor efficiency. Therefore, based on the fertilizer requirements of tobacco leaf growth, combined with the long-term and short-term characteristics of organic and inorganic fertilizers, scientifically proportioning macro-, medium- and trace elements, and adding oil-increasing functional ingredients, it is particularly important to develop an organic and inorganic fertilizer that can be applied once and can increase the oil content of tobacco leaves. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of tobacco leaves and a preparation and application method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and achieve the purpose of significantly increasing the oil content of tobacco leaves, improving the quality of tobacco leaves, saving labor and reducing costs.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is to provide an organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, comprising the following components in parts by weight:

[0007] 13-15 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphate, 7-9 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 27-30 parts of potassium sulfate, 30-40 parts of oil-enhancing organic materials, 0.2-0.3 parts of borax, 0.3-0.5 parts of zinc sulfate hydrate, 0.5-1.5 parts of magnesium oxide and 12-14 parts of bentonite;

[0008] The oil-enhancing organic materials include decomposed cake manure and kitchen waste, and the mass ratio of the decomposed cake manure to the kitchen waste is 1:1-2.

[0009] The oil-enhancing organic material described in the present invention complies with the industry standard NY / T525-2021 "Organic Fertilizer".

[0010] The present invention obtains organic and inorganic fertilizers that only need to be applied once. Through the combination of organic fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers, the prepared organic and inorganic fertilizers can not only meet the organic and inorganic nutrient elements required for the entire growth cycle of tobacco leaves, but also effectively improve the oil content and quality of tobacco leaves, reduce labor costs, and have far-reaching significance for the stability of tobacco areas and the sustainable development of the tobacco industry.

[0011] The present invention uses the synergistic effect of ammonium nitrate phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate hydrate, magnesium oxide and bentonite inorganic components, so that the obtained fertilizer contains inorganic nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., and medium and trace amounts of magnesium, boron, zinc, etc. required for the entire growth period of tobacco leaves, thereby significantly promoting the growth of tobacco leaves and increasing the yield of tobacco leaves.

[0012] Amino acids, fatty acids, organic acids and other organic nutrients have a significant effect on increasing the oil content of tobacco leaves, which helps to improve the quality and aroma of tobacco leaves. The present invention adds mature cake fertilizer and kitchen waste rich in fat and protein, and the amino acids and fatty acids produced after microbial decomposition can effectively improve the oil content and quality of tobacco leaves.

[0013] Preferably, the ammonium nitrate phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate hydrate and magnesium oxide are all commercially available products; the N content of the ammonium nitrate phosphate is ≥32wt%, and the P2O5 content is ≥4wt%; the N content of the monoammonium phosphate is ≥11wt%, and the P2O5 content is ≥44wt%; the K2O content of the potassium sulfate is ≥50wt%; the boron content of the borax is ≥10wt%; the zinc content of the zinc sulfate hydrate is ≥35wt%; the magnesium content of the magnesium oxide is ≥50wt%; and limiting the content of each element in the above-mentioned commercially available products can ensure that the nutrients provided by the commercially available products are sufficient, and ensure that the obtained fertilizer contains large amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., and medium and trace amounts of inorganic nutrients such as magnesium, boron, zinc, etc. required for the entire growth cycle of tobacco leaves, which significantly promotes the growth of tobacco leaves and increases the yield of tobacco leaves.

[0014] Preferably, the decomposed cake fertilizer includes decomposed rapeseed cake fertilizer, decomposed soybean cake fertilizer, decomposed peanut cake fertilizer or decomposed sesame cake fertilizer, and the crude fat content in the decomposed cake fertilizer is ≥5wt%.

[0015] Preferably, the crude fat content in the kitchen waste is ≥ 15 wt%.

[0016] Preferably, the crude fat content in the oil-enhancing organic material is ≥10wt%.

[0017] The second technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the organic and inorganic fertilizer for improving the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, comprising the following steps:

[0018] The components are mixed according to their usage to obtain the organic and inorganic fertilizers.

[0019] The third technical solution of the present invention is to provide the application of the organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco in tobacco planting.

[0020] The fourth technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for applying the organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, comprising the following steps:

[0021] The organic and inorganic fertilizers for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco are applied before ridging.

[0022] Preferably, the application amount of the organic and inorganic fertilizers for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco is 100-120 kg / mu.

[0023] A fifth technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, wherein the organic and inorganic fertilizers for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco are applied during tobacco planting.

[0024] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0025] The organic-inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of tobacco leaves provided by the present invention contains inorganic nutrient elements such as macronutrients, medium-nutrients and trace-nutrients required for the entire growth cycle of tobacco leaves, and is added with organic functional components for increasing the oil content of tobacco leaves, which can significantly increase the oil content of tobacco leaves. The fertilizer only needs to be applied once, and no subsequent topdressing is required, which not only simplifies the fertilization process and saves labor, but also improves the uniformity of tobacco leaf growth, increases the oil content of tobacco leaves, and improves the yield and quality of tobacco leaves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0028] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0029] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0030] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0031] The decomposed cake fertilizers used in the following examples and comparative examples are decomposed rapeseed cake fertilizer, decomposed soybean cake fertilizer, decomposed peanut cake fertilizer and decomposed sesame cake fertilizer. The decomposed cake fertilizers used are purchased from Shandong Weigeng Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., and the crude fat content of the decomposed cake fertilizer is ≥5wt%, which meets the industry standard NY / T 5252021 "Organic Fertilizer"; the particle size of the kitchen waste used is 1-5mm, and the crude fat content is ≥15wt%; the zinc sulfate hydrate used is zinc sulfate monohydrate; the ammonium nitrate phosphate used is purchased from Hubei Sanning Chemical Co., Ltd., monoammonium phosphate is purchased from Hubei Xiangyun Chemical Co., Ltd., potassium sulfate is purchased from Guangdong Migao Chemical Co., Ltd., borax is purchased from Jinan Jinke Biochemical Co., Ltd., zinc sulfate hydrate is purchased from Sichuan Runer Technology Co., Ltd. and magnesium oxide is purchased from Shandong Shanwang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples are all commercially available products.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] This embodiment provides an organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, which is specifically as follows:

[0035] Preparation of oil-enhanced organic material: After the decomposed rapeseed cake fertilizer with a crude fat content of 5wt% and the kitchen waste with a crude fat content of 20wt% are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1, the oil-enhanced organic material is obtained, and the crude fat content thereof is 25wt%. The obtained oil-enhanced organic material meets the standard of "Organic Fertilizer" (NY / T525-2021) after testing.

[0036] The raw materials and their amounts are as follows: 13 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphate, 7 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 30 parts of potassium sulfate, 36 parts of oil-increasing organic materials, 0.3 parts of borax, 0.5 parts of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 1.2 parts of magnesium oxide and 12 parts of bentonite; wherein the content of nitrogen in the ammonium nitrate phosphate is 32wt%, the content of P2O5 is 5wt%; the content of K2O in the potassium sulfate is 50wt%; the content of nitrogen in the monoammonium phosphate is 15wt%, the content of P2O5 is 44wt%; the content of boron in the borax is 10wt%; the content of zinc in the zinc sulfate monohydrate is 35wt%; and the content of magnesium in the magnesium oxide is 50wt%.

[0037] Preparation steps: add all raw materials into a granulation drum, mix and granulate them fully, and then obtain organic and inorganic fertilizers after drying, cooling, screening and packaging.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] This embodiment provides an organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, which is specifically as follows:

[0040] Preparation of oil-enhanced organic material: After the decomposed soybean cake fertilizer with a crude fat content of 8wt% and the kitchen waste with a crude fat content of 22wt% are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1, the oil-enhanced organic material is obtained, and the crude fat content thereof is 30wt%. The obtained oil-enhanced organic material meets the standard of "Organic Fertilizer" (NY / T525-2021) after testing.

[0041] The raw materials and their amounts are as follows: 14 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphate, 8 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 28 parts of potassium sulfate, 35 parts of oil-increasing organic materials, 0.2 parts of borax, 0.3 parts of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 1.5 parts of magnesium oxide and 13 parts of bentonite; wherein the content of nitrogen in the ammonium nitrate phosphate is 35wt%, the content of P2O5 is 4wt%; the content of K2O in the potassium sulfate is 55wt%; the content of nitrogen in the monoammonium phosphate is 15wt%, the content of P2O5 is 45wt%; the content of boron in the borax is 12wt%; the content of zinc in the zinc sulfate monohydrate is 38wt%; and the content of magnesium in the magnesium oxide is 55wt%.

[0042] Preparation steps: add all raw materials into a granulation drum, mix and granulate them fully, and then obtain organic and inorganic fertilizers after drying, cooling, screening and packaging.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] This embodiment provides an organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, which is specifically as follows:

[0045] Preparation of oil-enhanced organic material: After the decomposed peanut cake fertilizer with a crude fat content of 6wt% and the kitchen waste with a crude fat content of 20wt% are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1, the oil-enhanced organic material is obtained, and the crude fat content thereof is 26wt%. The obtained oil-enhanced organic material meets the standard of "Organic Fertilizer" (NY / T525-2021) after testing.

[0046] The raw materials used and their amounts are: 15 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphate, 9 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 27 parts of potassium sulfate, 33 parts of oil-increasing organic materials, 0.2 parts of borax, 0.5 parts of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 1.3 parts of magnesium oxide and 14 parts of bentonite; wherein the content of nitrogen in the ammonium nitrate phosphate is 36wt%, the content of P2O5 is 5wt%; the content of K2O in the potassium sulfate is 58wt%; the content of nitrogen in the monoammonium phosphate is 11wt%, the content of P2O5 is 50wt%; the content of boron in the borax is 15wt%; the content of zinc in the zinc sulfate monohydrate is 35wt%; and the content of magnesium in the magnesium oxide is 50wt%.

[0047] Preparation steps: add all raw materials into a granulation drum, mix and granulate them fully, and then obtain organic and inorganic fertilizers after drying, cooling, screening and packaging.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] This embodiment provides an organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, which is specifically as follows:

[0050] Preparation of oil-enhanced organic material: After the decomposed sesame cake fertilizer with a crude fat content of 8wt% and the kitchen waste with a crude fat content of 15wt% are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1, the oil-enhanced organic material is obtained, and the crude fat content thereof is 23wt%. The obtained oil-enhanced organic material meets the standard of "Organic Fertilizer" (NY / T525-2021) after testing.

[0051] The raw materials used and their amounts are: 13 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphate, 9 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 29 parts of potassium sulfate, 34 parts of oil-increasing organic materials, 0.3 parts of borax, 0.3 parts of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 1.4 parts of magnesium oxide and 13 parts of bentonite; wherein the content of nitrogen in the ammonium nitrate phosphate is 32wt%, the content of P2O5 is 5wt%; the content of K2O in the potassium sulfate is 52wt%; the content of nitrogen in the monoammonium phosphate is 11wt%, the content of P2O5 is 44wt%; the content of boron in the borax is 12wt%; the content of zinc in the zinc sulfate monohydrate is 38wt%; and the content of magnesium in the magnesium oxide is 50wt%.

[0052] Preparation steps: add all raw materials into a granulation drum, mix and granulate them fully, and then obtain organic and inorganic fertilizers after drying, cooling, screening and packaging.

[0053] Effect verification:

[0054] 1. Verify the effects of the organic and inorganic fertilizers obtained in Examples 1 to 4 on the economic traits of tobacco leaves. The specific settings are as follows:

[0055] Test Example 1.1 The test site is located in Maping Village, Liangyu Township, Baokang County, Xiangyang City, Hubei Province. From March 29, 2023, the organic and inorganic fertilizers prepared in Example 1 were applied in a strip application rate of 100 kg / mu before the ridge, and no fertilizer was applied subsequently;

[0056] Test Example 1.2 The test site is located in Luoquanyan Village, Jiaoyuan Town, Xuanen County, Enshi Prefecture, Hubei Province. From March 20, 2023, the organic and inorganic fertilizers prepared in Example 2 were applied at an application rate of 110 kg / mu, and no fertilizer was applied subsequently;

[0057] Test Example 1.3 The test site is located in Heping Village, Hazelnut Township, Xingshan County, Yichang City, Hubei Province. From April 1, 2023, the organic and inorganic fertilizers prepared in Example 3 were applied at an application rate of 115 kg / mu, and no fertilizer was applied subsequently;

[0058] Test Example 1.4 The test site is located in Donglang Village, Baihe Town, Fang County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province. From March 24, 2023, the organic and inorganic fertilizers prepared in Example 4 were applied at an application rate of 105 kg / mu, and no fertilizer was applied subsequently;

[0059] The above test examples 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4 are all equipped with control areas, which are control area 1, control area 2, control area 3 and control area 4 respectively; the control areas 1, 2, 3 and 4 are all applied with commercially available organic-inorganic compound fertilizers (purchased from Bayannaoer Deyuan Fertilizer Co., Ltd., wherein the contents of N, P2O5 and K2O are 7wt%, 5wt% and 3wt% respectively) according to the application amount of the organic-inorganic fertilizers prepared in the corresponding embodiments, and the commercially available tobacco-specific fertilizer is applied twice, which is applied before ridging and in the clustering stage respectively; the remaining treatments are the same as the corresponding test examples 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0060] Table 1 Economic characteristics of tobacco leaves treated with different methods

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] Among them, the proportion of medium tobacco on tobacco leaves is calculated based on the national standard "GB 2635-1992 Flue-cured Tobacco".

[0064] Analysis of the data in Table 1 shows that, compared with commercial tobacco fertilizers, the organic and inorganic fertilizers prepared by the present invention can significantly improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaves.

[0065] Compared with commercial tobacco fertilizers, after applying the organic and inorganic fertilizers prepared by the present invention, the upper and middle tobacco ratios, ether extracts and glandular hair density in tobacco leaves are effectively improved, thereby ensuring that the finished flue-cured tobacco products have excellent quality and appearance quality; the ether extracts in tobacco leaves contain a variety of volatile aroma substances (such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, etc.), and the higher the content of ether extracts, the richer and stronger aroma can be released when the tobacco leaves are burned, and the greater the density of glandular hairs, the more aroma substances are secreted, thereby producing a stronger and more complex aroma during the preparation and combustion of tobacco leaves, thereby improving the aroma quality and taste quality of tobacco leaves; a higher content of ether extracts means that the tobacco leaves It contains more beneficial ingredients, such as aroma substances, antioxidants, etc. These ingredients interact with each other and jointly affect the intrinsic quality of tobacco leaves, making them perform better in terms of combustion characteristics and smoking taste. In addition, tobacco leaves with a high density of glandular hairs have more vigorous internal physiological metabolism, and more beneficial substances are synthesized and accumulated, which also improves the intrinsic quality of tobacco leaves; tobacco leaves rich in ether extract will appear oily and shiny in appearance, and the color will be brighter, which helps to improve the appearance quality, and tobacco leaves with a higher density of glandular hairs will have a velvety texture on the surface, making the tobacco leaves look more delicate, soft, and have a certain glossiness, which adds points to the appearance quality.

[0066] In addition, compared with the existing commercial tobacco-specific fertilizers that need to be applied multiple times at different stages, the organic and inorganic fertilizers of the present invention only need to be applied once before ridging, which reduces labor costs and investment costs, while significantly improving the yield and quality of tobacco leaves.

[0067] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0068] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, characterized in that: The composition includes the following components in parts by weight: 13-15 parts of ammonium nitrate phosphate, 7-9 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 27-30 parts of potassium sulfate, 30-40 parts of oil-enhancing organic materials, 0.2-0.3 parts of borax, 0.3-0.5 parts of zinc sulfate hydrate, 0.5-1.5 parts of magnesium oxide and 12-14 parts of bentonite; The oil-enhancing organic materials include decomposed cake manure and kitchen waste, and the mass ratio of the decomposed cake manure to the kitchen waste is 1:1-2.

2. The organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decomposed cake fertilizer includes decomposed rapeseed cake fertilizer, decomposed soybean cake fertilizer, decomposed peanut cake fertilizer or decomposed sesame cake fertilizer, and the crude fat content in the decomposed cake fertilizer is ≥5wt%.

3. The organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crude fat content of the kitchen waste is ≥15wt%.

4. The organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crude fat content of the oil-enhancing organic material is ≥10wt%.

5. The method for preparing the organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps include: The components are mixed according to their usage to obtain the organic and inorganic fertilizers.

6. Use of the organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in tobacco planting.

7. The method for applying organic and inorganic fertilizers for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps include: The organic and inorganic fertilizers for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco are applied before ridging.

8. The application method according to claim 7, characterized in that The application amount of the organic and inorganic fertilizers for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco is 100-120 kg / mu.

9. A method for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco, characterized in that: The organic and inorganic fertilizer for increasing the oil content of flue-cured tobacco according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is applied during tobacco planting.

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