A river channel flexible water control system and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a flexible water control system for a river channel and a construction method thereof, comprising a plurality of drop sections arranged at intervals along a water flow direction; each drop section comprises a first-level ecological weir and a second-level ecological weir; the first-level ecological weir and the second-level ecological weir are arranged at intervals along the water flow direction; the first-level ecological weir and the second-level ecological weir both adopt permeable weirs, including pinewood pile rows, pile top blocks, upstream stone cages and downstream stone cages; the pinewood pile rows are arranged along the width direction of the river channel, and river channel gravel containing silt is piled on both sides of the upstream and downstream sides of the pinewood pile rows; the pile top blocks are piled on both sides of the pile tops of the pinewood pile rows; the upstream stone cages are piled in the river channel gravel containing silt on the upstream side, and the downstream stone cages are piled in the river channel gravel containing silt on the downstream side; the invention effectively reduces the flood obstruction effect of the weir body, and greatly reduces the impact on the ecological environment of the river channel; at the same time, it can be constructed by using local materials, thereby reducing the project investment cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of river channel regulation, and in particular relates to a river channel flexible water regulation system and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In urban river management projects, it is common to build water-retaining structures to retain river water. Overflow weirs are a common type of water-retaining structure. Because the weir body can raise the upstream water level, and at the same time, the top of the weir body can produce unconstrained open water flow, forming a large area of ​​water wetlands. They are low-cost, simple to operate and manage, and can continuously purify water. In addition, they can purify water through gravity sedimentation, plant absorption and microbial degradation, thereby improving the river's ecological environment. The construction of overflow weirs plays an important role in improving river water quality, enhancing the quality of the ecological environment, and increasing the value of tourist landscapes. Therefore, they have become the preferred technology for urban river water ecological management. At the same time, during the flood season, when the river flow is high, the overflow weir must also ensure sufficient discharge capacity to ensure the safety of the river's flood discharge.

[0003] For the construction of overflow weirs, it is necessary to fully consider factors such as river gradient, flood flow, water storage depth, topography and geology, and to combine relevant plans such as flood control and drainage planning, land use planning on both sides of the river and landscape planning to finally determine the site selection, layout and dam type of the overflow weir. Currently, common overflow weirs include stepping stones, rolling dams, flap gates and rubber dams.

[0004] Among them, stepping stones are concrete cofferdams built in the river channel, with stepping stones for walking on the top of the weir; they are generally set up in smaller rivers to provide water-friendly and water-playing environment conditions; rolling dams are generally concrete structures or stone masonry structures, and common specific cross-sectional types include wide-crowned weirs, broken-line practical weirs and WES practical weirs, which are inactive dams, that is, the dam's switch state cannot be changed, and it is always in a fixed water-blocking and water-storing state; therefore, the dam height of rolling dams is generally relatively low, mostly in the range of 0.5-2m, which is a low-weir dam type; secondly, rivers often adopt multi-stage rolling dams to raise the river channel for water storage, improve the river channel's ecological environment, and enhance the river channel's landscape effect; its purpose is to meet the water storage requirements of a certain river section and to alleviate the scouring effect of water flow at the steeper longitudinal slope of the riverbed; the above-mentioned stepping stones and rolling dams are both non-adjustable overflow weirs, and their boundary conditions for generating weir flow are relatively fixed. The biggest disadvantage is that they cannot flexibly adjust the water retaining height; therefore, there is a possibility of flood obstruction during flood season, and it is easy to cause siltation in front of the dam.

[0005] A flap gate is an adjustable overflow dam, mainly composed of a rigid dam body, a fixed bottom shaft, a hydraulic drive device and a foundation bottom plate. It can be raised and lowered by a hydraulic gate hoist inside the gate pier. This type of building is generally suitable for working conditions with narrow river openings and low water retaining heights, so as to achieve vertical dam water storage, horizontal dam flood discharge, and form a certain diversion and artificial waterfall landscape effect; but it has the disadvantages of complex gate chamber structure, large civil engineering workload, complex construction operation and high investment.

[0006] A rubber dam is a bag-type water retaining dam made of high-strength synthetic fiber fabric as a load-bearing skeleton, coated with rubber inside and outside as a protective layer, processed into tape, and then anchored to the bottom plate to form a closed dam bag. It is inflated with water or air through the filling and discharge pipelines. The dam top can overflow, and the dam height can be adjusted as needed to control the upstream water level to maximize the benefits. The main advantage of a rubber dam is that the dam bag is made of flexible material, has good seismic performance, can adapt to uneven settlement of the foundation, and requires less engineering investment. However, the dam bag of a rubber dam has poor firmness and is easily punctured by sharp and pointed objects. It also has the defects of easy aging, deformation, and a short service life.

[0007] In summary, the existing common overflow weirs cannot flexibly adjust the water retaining height, there is a possibility of obstructing floods during flood periods, and it is easy to cause siltation in front of the dam. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a river flexible water control system and a construction method thereof to solve the technical problems that the existing common overflow weirs cannot flexibly adjust the water retaining height, may hinder flooding during flood periods, and easily cause siltation in front of the dam.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0010] The present invention provides a flexible water control system for a river channel, comprising a plurality of drop sections arranged at intervals along a water flow direction; each drop section comprises a first-level ecological weir, a second-level ecological weir and a drop pool; the first-level ecological weir and the second-level ecological weir are arranged at intervals along a water flow direction, and the drop pool is located between the first-level ecological weir and the second-level ecological weir;

[0011] The first-level ecological weir and the second-level ecological weir are both permeable weirs; the permeable weirs include pinewood piles, pile top stones, upstream gabions and downstream gabions;

[0012] The pine wood pile row is arranged along the width direction of the river channel, and river channel gravel containing silt is piled on the upstream and downstream sides of the pine wood pile row; the pile top blocks are piled on both sides of the pile tops of the pine wood pile row; the upstream gabions are piled in the river channel gravel containing silt on the upstream side, and are closely set on the upper end of the upstream side of the pine wood pile row; the downstream gabions are piled in the river channel gravel containing silt on the downstream side, and are closely set on the upper end of the downstream side of the pine wood pile row.

[0013] Furthermore, the height of the top of the pine wood piles in the first-level ecological weir is greater than the height of the top of the pine wood piles in the second-level ecological weir.

[0014] Furthermore, the first-level ecological weir is arranged in a straight line along the width of the river channel, and the second-level ecological weir is arranged in a curved line along the width of the river channel.

[0015] Furthermore, the pine wood pile row is formed by a plurality of pine wood piles arranged at intervals along the width direction of the river channel; wherein the lower ends of the pine wood piles are inserted into the riverbed, and the upper ends of the pine wood piles are exposed to the riverbed.

[0016] Furthermore, the plunge pool includes a plunge pool foundation and capping stones; the plunge pool foundation is built with river gravel, and the river gravel contains silt; the capping stones are laid on the surface of the plunge pool foundation, and the capping stones are stones taken locally from the river.

[0017] Furthermore, the upstream gabion and the downstream gabion are both gabion gabions.

[0018] Furthermore, each level of the waterfall section also includes an upstream connecting slope; the upstream connecting slope is arranged on the upstream side of the first-level ecological weir, and the upstream connecting slope adopts a gentle slope structure formed by river channel gravel; wherein, the downstream side of the upstream connecting slope is in close contact with the first-level ecological weir, and the upstream side of the upstream connecting slope forms a natural connecting slope with the riverbed of the upstream river channel.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes ecological revetments; the ecological revetments are arranged on the slopes on both sides of the river channel; the ecological revetments include micro-topography revetments and a planting layer arranged on the surface of the micro-topography revetments; wherein the micro-topography revetments are made of dredged sand and gravel from the center of the river channel.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes an ecological revetment; the ecological revetment is arranged at the foot of the slopes on both sides in front of the first-level ecological weir; wherein the elevation of the intersection of the ecological revetment and the first-level ecological weir is the same, and the elevation of the ecological revetment gradually decreases along the water flow direction;

[0021] The ecological revetment includes a gabion foundation, an angled gabion, a silt layer and a pebble surface layer; the gabion foundation is piled at the foot of the slopes on both sides in front of the first-level ecological weir; the angled gabion is arranged on the top surface of the gabion foundation, the bottom surface of the angled gabion is in contact with the top surface of the gabion foundation, and the top surface of the angled gabion is arranged as a slope surface; wherein the slope surface has the same slope as the ecological revetment; the silt layer is laid on the top surface of the angled gabion, and the pebble surface layer is laid on the surface of the silt layer.

[0022] The present invention also provides a construction method of a river flexible water control system, comprising the following steps:

[0023] In the dredged river channel, several levels of waterfall sections are constructed step by step according to the direction of water flow; when constructing each level of waterfall section, the first level of ecological weir is constructed first, then the second level of ecological weir is constructed, and finally the waterfall pool is constructed;

[0024] Among them, when constructing the first-level ecological weir and the second-level ecological weir, the details are as follows:

[0025] Construct rows of pinewood piles along the width of the river;

[0026] River gravel containing silt is piled up on both sides of the upstream and downstream of the pinewood piles respectively; wherein, in the process of piling up the river gravel containing silt, the upstream gabion is piled up in the river gravel containing silt on the upstream side, and the downstream gabion is piled up in the river gravel containing silt on the downstream side;

[0027] Pile top blocks are piled on both sides of the pile tops of the pine wood pile row.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The present invention provides a river channel regulation system and a construction method thereof, which adopts a two-level ecological weir set in each level of water drop section, pine wood pile rows are used as the main blocking structure of the ecological weir, and river channel gravel containing silt is piled up on both sides of the upstream and downstream of the pine wood pile rows to form a permeable weir, which effectively reduces the flood obstruction effect of the weir body, and at the same time reserves pores and channels for fish migration, meets the requirements of ecological water regulation, and can achieve the effect of slowing down the flow and silting; secondly, by piling up river channel gravel containing silt, the risk of too fast infiltration in the river channel can be effectively prevented; by piling pile top blocks on both sides of the pile tops of the pine wood pile rows, scouring of the weir top can be avoided; the pine wood pile rows are reinforced with upstream and downstream gabions to avoid the scouring effect of river water flow on the ecological weir; there is no need to use hard building materials such as reinforced concrete, which greatly reduces the impact on the ecological environment of the river channel; at the same time, construction can be carried out by using local materials, which greatly reduces the project investment and later management and maintenance costs.

[0030] Furthermore, the first-level ecological weir is arranged in a straight line along the width of the river channel, and the second-level ecological weir is arranged in a curve along the width of the river channel. Under the premise of meeting the requirements of river channel management, the aesthetics of the drop section can be effectively improved.

[0031] Furthermore, the foundation of the waterfall pool is formed by piling up river gravel, which makes use of local materials and effectively reduces the impact on the ecological environment of the river. Secondly, the use of slabs of stone obtained locally from the river as the top pressure can effectively prevent erosion of the foundation of the waterfall pool.

[0032] Furthermore, an upstream connecting slope is set between the upstream side of the first-level ecological weir and the riverbed of the upstream river channel, which effectively reduces the scouring of the first-level ecological weir by the water flow and improves the reliability of the ecological weir; at the same time, the upstream connecting slope can be suitable for the growth of aquatic plants and provide a habitat for water birds and fish.

[0033] Furthermore, by setting up ecological revetments on the slopes on both sides of the river, the ecological revetments are formed by dredging sand and gravel from the center of the river and piling them on both sides of the river. Local materials are used to form micro-topography slope protection, which avoids affecting the flood-carrying capacity of the river and enables the two sides of the river to achieve the best comprehensive benefits in terms of construction investment, landscaping, greening, and beautification.

[0034] Furthermore, by setting up ecological revetments at the foot of the slopes on both sides in front of the weir, the ecological revetments do not need to use reinforced concrete, and are made entirely of flexible materials, so that the transition between the water surface and the slope is natural and beautiful, and the gaps between the pebbles can also provide a living habitat for water birds and fish; specifically, the gabion foundation in the ecological revetment is set flush with the weir top of the ecological weir, and an angled gabion is set on the top of the gabion foundation, so that the revetment and the ecological slope protection maintain a smooth and natural transition; secondly, a pebble surface layer is laid on the surface of the angled gabion, and the gaps in the pebble surface layer can provide a place for fish and water birds to rest and reproduce. Compared with traditional mortar-laid stone and concrete revetments, it better reflects the concept of ecological water management and maintaining harmony between man and nature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a plan view of the river flexible water control system described in the embodiment;

[0036] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a water drop section in an embodiment;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the ecological revetment in the embodiment.

[0038] Among them, 1 is the first-level ecological weir, 2 is the second-level ecological weir, 3 is the waterfall, 4 is the upstream slope, 5 is the ecological revetment, 6 is the ecological revetment; 101 is the pine wood pile, 102 is the pile top stone, 103 is the upstream gabion, 104 is the downstream gabion; 301 is the waterfall foundation, 302 is the top stone; 601 is the gabion foundation, 602 is the angled gabion, 603 is the silt layer, 604 is the pebble surface layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail in the following specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0040] The present invention provides a flexible water control system for a river channel, comprising a plurality of drop sections, ecological revetments 5 and ecological revetments 6 arranged at intervals along a water flow direction; each drop section comprises a first-level ecological weir 1, a second-level ecological weir 2, a drop pool 3 and an upstream connection slope 4; the first-level ecological weir 1 and the second-level ecological weir 2 are arranged at intervals along the water flow direction, the first-level ecological weir 1 is arranged in a straight line along the width direction of the river channel, and the second-level ecological weir 2 is arranged in a curved line along the width direction of the river channel; the drop pool 3 is located between the first-level ecological weir 1 and the second-level ecological weir 2; the upstream connection slope 4 is arranged on the upstream side of the first-level ecological weir 1; the ecological revetments 5 are arranged on the side slopes on both sides of the river channel, and the ecological revetments 6 are arranged at the foot of the side slopes on both sides in front of the weir of the first-level ecological weir 1.

[0041] In the present invention, both the first-level ecological weir 1 and the second-level ecological weir 2 are permeable weirs; the permeable weirs include a row of pine wood piles 101, a pile top stone 102, an upstream gabion 103 and a downstream gabion 104; the row of pine wood piles 101 is arranged along the width of the river channel, and is formed by a plurality of pine wood piles arranged at intervals; wherein the lower end of the pine wood pile is inserted into the riverbed, and the upper end of the pine wood pile is exposed to the riverbed; and the pile top height of the pine wood pile row in the first-level ecological weir 1 is greater than the pile top height of the pine wood pile row in the second-level ecological weir 2.

[0042] The upstream and downstream sides of the pine wood pile row 101 are piled with river gravel containing silt; the pile top blocks 102 are piled on both sides of the pile tops of the pine wood pile row 101; the upstream gabion 103 is piled in the river gravel containing silt on the upstream side, and is closely arranged on the upper end of the upstream side of the pine wood pile row 101; the downstream gabion 104 is piled in the river gravel containing silt on the downstream side, and is closely arranged on the upper end of the downstream side of the pine wood pile row 101; preferably, the upstream gabion 103 and the downstream gabion 104 are both gabion gabions.

[0043] In the present invention, the plunge pool 3 includes a plunge pool foundation 301 and a capping stone 302; the plunge pool foundation 301 is made of river gravel, and the river gravel contains silt; the capping stone 302 is laid on the surface of the plunge pool foundation 301, and the capping stone 302 is a stone locally taken from the river.

[0044] In the present invention, the upstream connection slope 4 is arranged on the upstream side of the first-level ecological weir 1, and the upstream connection slope 4 adopts a gentle slope structure formed by river channel gravel; wherein the downstream side of the upstream connection slope 4 is in close contact with the first-level ecological weir, and the upstream side of the upstream connection slope 4 forms a natural connection slope with the riverbed of the upstream river channel.

[0045] In the present invention, the ecological revetment 5 includes a micro-topography slope protection and a planting layer arranged on the surface of the micro-topography slope protection; wherein the micro-topography slope protection is formed by piling up sand and gravel dredged from the center of the river channel.

[0046] In the present invention, the elevation of the intersection of the ecological revetment 6 and the first-level ecological weir 1 is the same, and the elevation of the ecological revetment 6 gradually decreases along the water flow direction; the ecological revetment 6 includes a gabion foundation 601, an angled gabion 602, a silt layer 603 and a pebble surface layer 604; the gabion foundation 601 is piled at the foot of the slope on both sides in front of the weir of the first-level ecological weir 1; the angled gabion 602 is set on the top surface of the gabion foundation 601, the bottom surface of the angled gabion 602 is in contact with the top surface of the gabion foundation 601, and the top surface of the angled gabion 602 is set as a slope surface; wherein the slope of the slope surface is the same as the slope of the ecological revetment 5, so as to form a natural transition between the gabion foundation 601 and the bottom end of the ecological revetment 5; the silt layer 603 is laid on the top surface of the angled gabion 602, and the pebble surface layer 604 is set on the surface of the silt layer 603.

[0047] Construction method:

[0048] The construction method of the river channel flexible water control system of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0049] In the dredged river channel, several levels of drop sections are constructed step by step according to the direction of water flow, and then the upstream connection slope 4, ecological revetment 5 and ecological revetment 6 are constructed; among them, when constructing each level of drop section, the first level ecological weir 1 is constructed first, then the second level ecological weir 2 is constructed, and finally the drop pool 3 is constructed; specifically, when constructing the first level ecological weir 1 and the second level ecological weir 2, the details are as follows:

[0050] Pine wood piles 101 are constructed along the width of the river channel; river channel gravel containing silt is piled up on both sides of the upstream and downstream of the pine wood piles 101; wherein, in the process of piling the river channel gravel containing silt, the upstream gabion 103 is piled in the river channel gravel containing silt on the upstream side, and the downstream gabion 104 is piled in the river channel gravel containing silt on the downstream side; pile top blocks 102 are piled up on both sides of the pile tops of the pine wood piles 101.

[0051] It should be noted that when carrying out the pine wood pile row construction, the specific steps are as follows:

[0052] Apply hot asphalt on the surface of the pine pile for anti-corrosion, saw the top of the pile flat, protect the pile body, and do not have any collision scratches that affect the function; the pile diameter is strictly controlled according to the design requirements, and the appearance is straight, smooth and round; then, cut the small end of the pine pile into a 30cm long sharp corner and drive it into the bearing layer of the riverbed; when more than 80% of the total number of piles are prepared, bring in an excavator for piling construction to avoid the excavator waiting for pile pit work; it is strictly forbidden to use sand poles and other wood instead of pine wood.

[0053] The flexible river channel water control system and construction method described in the present invention utilize two-level ecological weirs to construct each level of the water drop section. The ecological weir uses a permeable weir with pine wood piles as the blocking body, which effectively reduces the flood obstruction effect of the weir body; dredged sand and gravel are piled up in the center of the river channel to form an ecological revetment, and an ecological revetment is set at the foot of the slope to realize the flexible water control concept of "large gentle slope, small impact, and micro-topography"; specifically, when dredging the river channel, the dredged earth does not need to be transported outside, but is naturally piled up on both sides of the bank to form a large gentle slope, namely, micro-topography slope protection; aquatic organisms are planted on the surface of the micro-topography slope protection, thereby forming a natural green ecological revetment; each In the waterfall section, two levels of ecological weirs are set up in the river channel, and a waterfall section is set up between the two levels of ecological weirs; when constructing the ecological weir, pine piles are driven into the river channel, and a part of the pile heads of the pine piles are exposed on the riverbed surface to form pine pile rows; stones are piled on both sides of the tops of the pine piles, and the diameter of the stones is not less than 1m, so that a wider natural river surface can be formed by the high water level; by setting a permeable weir with pine piles as the main blocking body, the water flow vitality of the original river can be increased, the diversity of the water flow field can be improved, the oxygen content of the water body can be increased when the water flows through the ecological weir, and the quality of the living environment of aquatic organisms can be improved.

[0054] Compared with existing non-adjustable weir structures such as stepping stones or rolling dams, the present invention adopts ecological pine wood materials and local materials, abandons the traditional concrete hard water conservancy engineering construction, incorporates the concept of ecological flexible water management, and has a low weir height, which has little impact on river flow during floods; compared with rubber dams and flap gates, the present invention has the same small flood-obstructing effect. At the same time, the present invention requires less investment, is ecologically beautiful, and has low management and maintenance costs.

[0055] Example

[0056] The following takes the process of ecological management of a certain river section as an example to explain in detail the river flexible water management system and its construction method.

[0057] As attached Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides a flexible water control system for a river, including a plurality of drop sections, ecological revetments 5 and ecological revetments 6 arranged at intervals along the direction of water flow; each drop section includes a first-level ecological weir 1, a second-level ecological weir 2, a drop pool 3 and an upstream slope 4.

[0058] The first-level ecological weir 1 and the second-level ecological weir 2 are arranged at intervals along the water flow direction, and the drop of the first-level ecological weir 1 and the second-level ecological weir 2 is 0.25m, that is, the total drop of each level of the waterfall section is 0.5m; the first-level ecological weir 1 is arranged in a straight line along the width of the river channel, and the second-level ecological weir 2 is arranged in a curved line along the width of the river channel; among them, along the water flow direction, the narrowest distance between the first-level ecological weir 1 and the second-level ecological weir 2 is 5m, and the widest distance between the first-level ecological weir 1 and the second-level ecological weir 2 is 41m.

[0059] The first-level ecological weir 1 and the second-level ecological weir 2 are both permeable weirs, including pinewood piles 101, pile top stones 102, upstream gabions 103 and downstream gabions 104; the pinewood piles 101 are arranged along the width of the river channel, and river gravel containing silt is piled on both the upstream and downstream sides of the pinewood piles 101 to prevent the river water from seeping too fast; the pinewood piles 101 are formed by a plurality of pinewood piles arranged at intervals along the width of the river channel; wherein the lower end of the pinewood pile is provided with a sharp angle structure, and is embedded into the riverbed of the river channel by strong tamping; preferably, each of the pinewood piles is 3m long, and the diameter of the pinewood pile is 0.2-0. 25m, the pine piles are exposed 0.5m outside the riverbed, and the spacing between two adjacent pine piles is 0.4m; wherein, the pine piles are designed to be exposed 0.5m outside the riverbed, and pile top blocks are arranged on both sides of the pile heads, which can ensure that the height of the weir top remains unchanged during the flood season and the dry season, and has the effect of not affecting flood discharge during the flood season and retaining water during the dry season; it should be noted that the pile top height of the pine piles in the first-level ecological weir 1 is greater than the pile top height of the pine piles in the second-level ecological weir 2, and the elevation difference between the pine piles in the first-level ecological weir 1 and the second-level ecological weir 2 is 0.25m.

[0060] The pile top stones 102 are stacked on both sides of the pile tops of the pine wood pile row 101, and the pile top stones 102 are arranged irregularly to prevent scouring of the weir top; preferably, the pile top stones 102 are block stones made from local materials in the river channel, and the diameter of the pile top stones 102 is 0.5-1.5m.

[0061] The upstream gabion 103 is piled in the river gravel containing silt on the upstream side, and is closely arranged on the upper end of the upstream side of the pine wood pile row 101; the downstream gabion 104 is piled in the river gravel containing silt on the downstream side, and is closely arranged on the upper end of the downstream side of the pine wood pile row 101; by stacking the upstream gabion 103 and the downstream gabion 104 respectively upstream and downstream of the pine wood pile row 101, the pine wood pile row 101 is reinforced. Slow down the scouring effect of river water flow on the ecological weir; wherein, the upstream gabion 103 and the downstream gabion 104 are both gabion gabions, and the specifications of the gabion gabions are: length × width × height = 1m × 1m × 1m; the upstream gabion 103 is 0.3m high from the top of the pine piles in the first-level ecological weir 1 or the second-level ecological weir 2, and the downstream gabion 104 is 0.3m high from the surface of the plunge pool 3 or the surface of the downstream river channel of the second-level ecological weir 2.

[0062] The plunge pool 3 includes a plunge pool foundation 301 and a capping stone 302. The plunge pool foundation 301 is made of river gravel, and the river gravel contains silt soil; the capping stone 302 is laid on the surface of the plunge pool foundation 301. The capping stone 302 is a stone locally taken from the river, and the diameter of the stone is 0.5-1.5m.

[0063] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, both the first-level ecological weir 1 and the second-level ecological weir 2 are permeable weirs; the permeable weir adopts pinewood piles 101 as the blocking body, and an upstream gabion 103 and a downstream gabion 104 are arranged on the upstream and downstream sides of the pinewood piles 101, and pile top blocks 102 are arranged on both sides of the pile tops of the pinewood piles 101, so as to form a landscape close to ecological nature and realize the characteristic of "little impact" on the ecological environment of the river; by piling up the top blocks, migratory pores and channels are provided for fish organisms in the river, so as to achieve ecological protection while ensuring the aesthetics of river management; secondly, by setting up a permeable weir, it can play a role in slowing down the flow and silting; in addition, by utilizing the exposed part of the pinewood piles 101, the boulders in the river are effectively intercepted to prevent the boulders from being washed to the downstream of the river by the water flow.

[0064] The upstream connection slope 4 is arranged on the upstream side of the first-level ecological weir 1, and the upstream connection slope 4 adopts a gentle slope structure formed by river gravel; wherein the downstream side of the upstream connection slope 4 is in close contact with the first-level ecological weir, and the upstream side of the upstream connection slope 4 forms a natural connection slope with the riverbed of the upstream river.

[0065] The ecological revetment 5 includes a micro-topography slope protection and a planting layer arranged on the surface of the micro-topography slope protection; wherein, the micro-topography slope protection is formed by piling up sand and gravel dredged from the center of the river channel; the ecological revetment 5 adopts the flexible water management concept of "large gentle slope, small impact, micro-topography", and piles the sand and gravel dredged from the center of the river channel on both sides of the river channel to form a micro-topography slope protection, which effectively avoids the impact on the flood-carrying capacity of the river channel; it should be noted that piling the sand and gravel dredged from the center of the river channel on both sides of the river channel can avoid siltation of the ecological weir while avoiding affecting the flood-carrying cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel, thereby avoiding the impact on the flood-carrying capacity of the river channel; the planting layer adopts the "shrub + ground cover + lawn" model, and carries out suitable trees and grass for the land, and classified and guided planting, so that the two sides of the river channel can achieve the best comprehensive benefits in landscaping, greening, beautification, etc.; by planting different plant bubble groups, the rich aquatic plants and wetland flowers and plants are reasonably densely planted to maximize the ecological benefits per unit green area, so that people are in a more intimate and natural environment.

[0066] The ecological revetment 6 has the same elevation as the intersection with the first-level ecological weir 1, and the elevation of the ecological revetment 6 gradually decreases along the water flow direction; the ecological revetment 6 includes a gabion foundation 601, an angled gabion 602, a silt layer 603 and a pebble surface layer 604; the gabion foundation 601 is stacked at the foot of the slopes on both sides in front of the first-level ecological weir 1, and the gabion foundation 601 includes a three-layer gabion structure stacked up and down; wherein the bottom layer of the gabion structure is formed by horizontally stacking three gabions of length × width × height = 1m × 1m × 1m, the middle layer of the gabion structure is formed by horizontally stacking two gabions of length × width × height = 1m × 1m × 1m, and the top layer of the gabion structure is formed by horizontally stacking one gabion of length × width × height = 1m × 1m × 1m.

[0067] The angled gabion 602 is arranged on the top surface of the gabion foundation 601, the bottom surface of the angled gabion 602 is in contact with the top surface of the gabion foundation 601, and the top surface of the angled gabion 602 is arranged as a slope surface; wherein the slope of the slope surface is the same as the slope of the ecological revetment 5, so as to form a natural transition between the gabion foundation 601 and the bottom end of the ecological revetment 5; the silt layer 603 is laid on the top surface of the angled gabion 602, and the pebble surface layer 604 is arranged on the surface of the silt layer 603.

[0068] In this embodiment, an ecological revetment 6 is set in front of the weir of the first-level ecological weir 1, and the ecological revetment 6 is flush with the elevation of the weir top to prevent the high water surface from scouring the ecological revetments on both sides; the ecological revetment 6 adopts three layers of gabion stone cages buried in the riverbed as the foundation, so that the water surface scouring lines on both sides of the ecological weir become a whole; an angled gabion 602 is set on the top surface of the stone cage foundation 601, and a silt layer 603 and a pebble surface layer 604 are set on the top surface of the angled gabion 602, so that the angled gabion 602 is used to form a preset slope toward the center of the river channel, and the preset slope is consistent with the ecological revetment; aquatic plants are planted in the silt layer 603, and grow from the pebble gaps of the pebble surface layer 604; and the pebble gaps of the pebble surface layer 604 can provide a place for fish and water birds to rest and reproduce; compared with traditional mortar-made stone and concrete revetments, the ecological revetment 6 better reflects the concept of ecological water management and maintaining harmony between man and nature.

[0069] Specifically, the gabion foundation 601 is built up by stacking gabions of "1+2+3" from top to bottom; an angled gabion 602 is arranged on the top surface of the gabion foundation 601, and the top surface slope of the angled gabion 602 is kept consistent with the slope of the ecological revetment; at the same time, pebbles with a thickness of 50-80 are laid throughout the angled surface of the angled gabion 602, so that the revetment and the ecological revetment maintain a smooth and natural transition, and the ecological revetment does not use reinforced concrete as a whole, and all flexible materials are used; by setting the angled gabion 602 with pebbles throughout, not only can the scouring of the water surface on the revetments on both sides be effectively slowed down, but the transition between the water surface and the slope is natural and beautiful, and the gaps between the pebbles can also provide a living habitat for water birds and fish; the silt layer 603 uses riverbed silt taken on site, which is used as a bonding layer for pebbles on the angled gabion 602.

[0070] In this embodiment, the permeable weir is made of pinewood piles, pile top stones, upstream gabions and downstream gabions. By stacking stones, pores and channels are reserved for fish migration, achieving the goal of ecological environmental protection and meeting the requirements of ecological water management. The first-level ecological weir and the second-level ecological weir form a 0.5m waterfall. Compared with traditional high-hard water-blocking buildings such as stepping stones and rolling dams, hard building materials such as reinforced concrete are not used at all. Local materials are used, and the combination of stone piles, pinewood piles and ecological revetments forms an ecological and natural landscape. view, highlighting the feature of "little impact" on the ecological environment of the river; at the same time, the permeable weir is a destructible structure, which will not have a significant impact on the flood control of the river; compared with adjustable height water-blocking facilities such as flap gates and rubber dams, the investment cost is greatly reduced, and it is easy to manage and maintain, and it is practical and beautiful; secondly, a pine pile + block stone structure with good water resistance and non-rottenness is adopted to form a flexible water control system, so as to realize the use of the system to build an organic water system that connects rivers, lakes and reservoirs, and abandons rigid water control structures such as retaining dams and rubber dams.

[0071] The river regulation system and construction method described in the present invention adopts a method of setting up two levels of ecological weirs in each level of the waterfall section, with pinewood piles as the main blocking structure of the ecological weir, and piling up river gravel containing silt on both sides of the upstream and downstream of the pinewood piles to form a permeable weir, which effectively reduces the flood-obstructing effect of the weir body and reserves pores and channels for fish migration, meets the requirements of ecological water regulation, and can achieve the effect of slowing down the flow and desilting; secondly, by piling up river gravel containing silt, the risk of too fast infiltration in the river can be effectively prevented; by piling up pile top blocks on both sides of the pile tops of the pinewood piles, scouring of the weir top can be avoided; the pinewood piles are reinforced with upstream and downstream gabions to avoid the scouring effect of river water on the ecological weir; the river is used in the waterfall pool The foundation is formed by stacking gravel and local materials, which effectively reduces the impact on the ecological environment of the river; secondly, the use of local stones from the river as the top can effectively prevent the foundation of the plunge pool from being eroded; by setting up ecological revetments on the slopes on both sides of the river, the ecological revetments are formed by dredging gravel from the center of the river and piling them on both sides of the river, using local materials to form micro-topography revetments, thereby avoiding the impact on the flood-carrying capacity of the river and achieving the best comprehensive benefits on both sides of the river in terms of construction investment, landscaping, greening and beautification; by setting up ecological revetments at the foot of the slopes on both sides in front of the weir, the ecological revetments do not require the use of reinforced concrete as a whole, and are made of flexible materials, so that the transition between the water surface and the slope is natural and beautiful, and the gaps between the pebbles can also provide a living habitat for water birds and fish.

[0072] The above embodiment is only one of the implementation methods that can realize the technical solution of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is not limited only to this embodiment, but also includes changes, replacements and other implementation methods that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible water management system for a river, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of waterfall sections arranged at intervals along the water flow direction; each waterfall section comprises a first-level ecological weir (1), a second-level ecological weir (2) and a waterfall pool (3); the first-level ecological weir (1) and the second-level ecological weir (2) are arranged at intervals along the water flow direction, and the waterfall pool (3) is located between the first-level ecological weir (1) and the second-level ecological weir (2); The first-level ecological weir (1) and the second-level ecological weir (2) are both permeable weirs; the permeable weirs include pinewood piles (101), pile top stones (102), upstream gabions (103) and downstream gabions (104); The pinewood pile row (101) is arranged along the width direction of the river channel, and river channel gravel containing silt is piled on both sides of the upstream and downstream of the pinewood pile row (101); the pile top block stone (102) is piled on both sides of the pile top of the pinewood pile row (101); the upstream gabion (103) is piled in the river channel gravel containing silt on the upstream side, and is closely arranged on the upper end of the upstream side of the pinewood pile row (101); the downstream gabion (104) is piled in the river channel gravel containing silt on the downstream side, and is closely arranged on the upper end of the downstream side of the pinewood pile row (101).

2. A river channel flexible water control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the top of the pine wood piles in the first-level ecological weir (1) is greater than the height of the top of the pine wood piles in the second-level ecological weir (2).

3. A flexible river water treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-level ecological weir (1) is arranged in a straight line along the width of the river channel, and the second-level ecological weir (2) is arranged in a curved line along the width of the river channel.

4. A flexible river water treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pinewood pile row (101) is formed by a plurality of pinewood piles arranged at intervals along the width direction of the river channel; wherein the lower ends of the pinewood piles are inserted into the riverbed, and the upper ends of the pinewood piles are exposed to the riverbed.

5. A flexible river water treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plunge pool (3) comprises a plunge pool foundation (301) and a capping stone (302); the plunge pool foundation (301) is made of river gravel, and the river gravel contains silt; the capping stone (302) is laid on the surface of the plunge pool foundation (301), and the capping stone (302) is a stone obtained locally from the river.

6. A flexible river water treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upstream gabion (103) and the downstream gabion (104) are both gabion gabions.

7. A flexible river water treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each level of the drop section also includes an upstream connection slope (4); the upstream connection slope (4) is arranged on the upstream side of the first level ecological weir (1), and the upstream connection slope (4) adopts a gentle slope structure formed by piling up river gravel; wherein the downstream side of the upstream connection slope (4) is in close contact with the first level ecological weir, and the upstream side of the upstream connection slope (4) forms a natural connection slope with the riverbed of the upstream river.

8. The flexible river water treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an ecological revetment (5); the ecological revetment (5) is arranged on the slopes on both sides of the river channel; the ecological revetment (5) includes a micro-topography revetment and a planting layer arranged on the surface of the micro-topography revetment; wherein the micro-topography revetment is formed by piling up sand and gravel dredged from the center of the river channel.

9. A flexible river water treatment system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes an ecological revetment (6); the ecological revetment (6) is arranged at the foot of the slopes on both sides in front of the first-level ecological weir (1); wherein the elevation of the intersection of the ecological revetment (6) and the first-level ecological weir (1) is the same, and the elevation of the ecological revetment (6) gradually decreases along the water flow direction; The ecological revetment (6) comprises a gabion foundation (601), an angled gabion (602), a silt layer (603) and a pebble surface layer (604); the gabion foundation (601) is piled at the foot of the slopes on both sides in front of the first-level ecological weir (1); the angled gabion (602) is arranged on the top surface of the gabion foundation (601), the bottom surface of the angled gabion (602) is in contact with the top surface of the gabion foundation (601), and the top surface of the angled gabion (602) is arranged as a slope surface; wherein the slope surface has the same slope as the ecological revetment (5); the silt layer (603) is laid on the top surface of the angled gabion (602), and the pebble surface layer (604) is laid on the surface of the silt layer (603).

10. A construction method for a flexible river water treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: In the dredged river channel, several levels of drop sections are constructed step by step according to the direction of water flow; wherein, when constructing each level of drop section, the construction is carried out in the order of first constructing the first level ecological weir (1), then constructing the second level ecological weir (2), and finally constructing the drop pool (3); The construction of the first-level ecological weir (1) and the second-level ecological weir (2) is as follows: Pine wood piles (101) are constructed along the width of the river channel; River gravel containing silt is piled up on both sides of the upstream and downstream of the pinewood pile row (101); wherein, in the process of piling up the river gravel containing silt, the upstream gabion (103) is piled up in the river gravel containing silt on the upstream side, and the downstream gabion (104) is piled up in the river gravel containing silt on the downstream side; Pile top blocks (102) are piled on both sides of the pile tops of the pine wood pile row (101).

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