A fish passing device for water conservancy project construction

Abstract

The present invention provides a fish passing device for water conservancy project construction, and relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction comprises a first water pump, a second water pump, a third water pump, a fish collecting pond, a sliding fish trough, a plurality of fish raising ponds for sending fish collected in the fish collecting pond to the sliding fish trough, a plurality of electric control valves and a plurality of water pipes. The present invention attracts fish near the downstream fish collecting pond by fish attracting lights, and the first water pump drives the first floating block and a plurality of second floating blocks to rise in sequence, gradually moving the fish toward the sliding fish trough, and the fish slides into the upstream water area through the sliding fish trough. By selecting a suitable number of fish raising ponds, dams of different heights can be satisfied. The fish raising pond, the fish collecting pond and the sliding fish trough are all detachably connected by screws. The single pond is small in size, convenient for transportation and on-site assembly, so as to be reused. A water supply pipe is provided, and water is continuously supplied to the top of the second floating block to avoid the death of fish due to lack of water during the fish passing process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects, in particular to fish passing equipment used in water conservancy project construction. Background Art

[0002] In rivers around the world, people have built a large number of water conservancy and hydropower projects for flood control, power generation, irrigation, shipping and water supply. Dams raise water levels and block rivers, causing a series of changes in the energy flow, material circulation and information transmission of the open and continuous system of natural rivers, which changes the habitat conditions and hydrological conditions required for the survival of fish living in them, and ultimately affects fish resources. In order to protect natural fishery resources and ensure the continuity and diversity of aquatic ecosystems, the main restoration measure currently taken is to build fishways in hydropower and water conservancy projects to help fish migrate.

[0003] Fishways are a type of fish-passing structure built at dams or natural obstacles for fish migration. They are an ecological measure to reduce the interference of dams on fish survival and reproduction. Traditional fishways are generally only applicable to low-head water conservancy hubs with dam heights below 20 to 25 meters, and fish need to consume a lot of energy in the process of upstream migration. In the 20th century, the fishways with the highest head and longest length in the world were the North Branch Dam Fishway and the Palton Fishway built in the United States in the 1950s. The North Branch Dam Fishway has a height of 60 meters and a total length of 2.7 kilometers; the Palton Fishway has a height of 57.5 meters and a total length of 4.8 kilometers. At present, the fishway with the highest head and longest length is the Itaipu Fishway built in Brazil on the Paraná River in 2003. The head difference between the upstream and downstream is 120 meters, and the total length of the channel is about 10 kilometers. The fishways of these medium and high-head water conservancy hubs rely on extending the length of the fishway to control the flow rate of the fishway, making the construction cost of the fishway in water conservancy projects very high. In the prior art, fish passing facilities also include fish locks, fish lifts, etc. However, the fish passing equipment in the above-mentioned prior art cannot be applied to the initial stage of interception and damming of water conservancy project construction due to its long construction period and complexity of construction. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a fish passing equipment for water conservancy project construction that is suitable for upstream fish passing during the initial construction process of water conservancy projects. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a fish passing device for water conservancy project construction, which solves the problem that the fish passing device for water conservancy project construction in the prior art is not suitable for the initial stage of interception and damming of problematic water conservancy project construction due to long detection cycle and complex construction.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a fish passing equipment for water conservancy project construction, including a first water pump, a second water pump, a third water pump, a fish collecting pond, a sliding fish trough, multiple groups of fish raising ponds for sending fish collected in the fish collecting pond to the sliding fish trough, multiple groups of electric control valves and multiple groups of water pipes, the upper wall of the fish collecting pond and near the left and right sides are both provided with a first baffle plate, the upper wall of the fish raising pond and near the left and right sides are both provided with a second baffle plate, the interior of the fish collecting pond is distributed front and back and is slidably connected with an anti-return plate and a first floating block in sequence, the inner wall of the fish raising pond is slidably connected with a second floating block, The upper wall and lower wall of the fish collecting pond are parallel to the horizontal plane, the upper wall of the fish raising pond, the lower wall of the fish raising pond and the lower wall of the fish sliding trough are at an angle of thirty degrees to the horizontal plane, and the upper wall of the fish raising pond, the lower wall of the fish raising pond and the fish sliding trough are inclined in opposite directions, the anti-return plate, the first floating block and the second floating block are each provided with a through cavity that passes through the lower wall, a group of first openings are each provided on the left and right side walls of the anti-return plate and near the lower wall, a group of second openings are each provided on the left and right side walls of the first floating block and near the lower wall, and a group of third openings are each provided on the left and right side walls of the second floating block and near the lower wall.

[0006] Preferably, the multiple groups of fish raising ponds are distributed front to back and are arranged on the rear wall of the fish collecting pond in the form of ascending in sequence, and the upper walls of the multiple groups of fish raising ponds are all located in the same plane, the sliding fish trough is arranged on the rear wall of the last group of fish raising ponds in the multiple groups of fish raising ponds, and the horizontal height of the front end of the sliding fish trough is lower than the highest point of the upper wall of the fish raising pond adjacent to it, and the first sliding cavity and the second sliding cavity are sequentially arranged in the front to back distribution inside the fish collecting pond, the first sliding cavity and the second sliding cavity are both connected to the upper wall of the fish collecting pond, the anti-return plate is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the first sliding cavity, the first floating block is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the second sliding cavity, a third sliding cavity is arranged inside the fish raising pond, the third sliding cavity is connected to the upper wall of the fish raising pond, the second floating block is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the third sliding cavity, the upper wall of the first floating block and near the left and right sides are fixedly connected to the first side plate, the upper wall of the second floating block and near the left and right sides are fixedly connected to the second side plate, and the two groups of the first baffles are connected to the upper wall and near the center position in the front and rear directions A first horizontal frame is fixedly connected to the first horizontal frame, and a monitoring structure for monitoring the fish gathering situation is arranged on the lower wall of the first horizontal frame. A second horizontal frame is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the two groups of the first baffles and is located near the rear end. A fish attracting structure for attracting nearby fish to the inside of the fish gathering pond is arranged on the lower wall of the second horizontal frame. The left wall of the fish gathering pond and the left wall of the fish lifting pond are both provided with a water injection structure for communicating with a first water pump. The anti-return plate, the first floating block and the second floating block are all floated after being injected with water by the first water pump and the water injection structure. The right wall of the fish gathering pond and the right wall of the fish lifting pond are both provided with a pumping structure for communicating with a second water pump. The anti-return plate, the first floating block and the second floating block are all dropped by their own weight after being pumped by the second water pump. A water replenishing structure for communicating with a third water pump is arranged on the left wall of the right side of the two groups of the second baffles. A limiting structure for controlling the lifting height of the anti-return plate, the first floating block and the second floating block is arranged between the opposite sides of the two groups of the first baffles and the second baffles.

[0007] Preferably, the fish collecting pond and the fish raising pond, the fish raising pond and the fish raising pond, the fish raising pond and the fish sliding trough, the fish collecting pond and the first baffle, and the fish raising pond and the second baffle are all detachably connected by multiple sets of screws.

[0008] Preferably, the upper wall of the first floating block and the upper wall of the second floating block are both inclined with the front being higher and the back being lower. The inclination angle of the upper wall of the first floating block is ten degrees, and the inclination angle of the upper wall of the second floating block is five degrees.

[0009] Preferably, the monitoring structure includes a first bracket and a camera, the first bracket is arranged on the front wall of the first horizontal frame, the camera is arranged at an end of the first bracket away from the first horizontal frame, and the camera's shooting range is inside the fish pond.

[0010] Preferably, the fish attracting structure comprises a second bracket and a fish attracting light, wherein the second bracket is arranged on the lower wall of the second cross frame and is located between the two groups of first baffles, and the fish attracting light is arranged at an end of the second bracket away from the second cross frame.

[0011] Preferably, the water injection structure includes a first water inlet joint, a second water inlet joint and a third water inlet joint. The first water inlet joint and the second water inlet joint are fixedly connected to the left wall of the fish collecting pond and are respectively communicated with the first sliding cavity and the second sliding cavity. The third water inlet joint is fixedly connected to the left wall of the fish raising pond and is communicated with the third sliding cavity. The first water inlet joint, the end of the second water inlet joint away from the fish collecting pond and the end of the third water inlet joint away from the fish raising pond are respectively connected to the first water pump through multiple groups of water pipes. The first water pump and the first water inlet joint, the second water inlet joint and the third water inlet joint are respectively controlled to be on and off by a group of electrically controlled valves.

[0012] Preferably, the pumping structure includes a first pumping joint, a second pumping joint and a third pumping joint. The first pumping joint and the second pumping joint are fixedly connected to the right wall of the fish collecting pond and are respectively communicated with the first sliding cavity and the second sliding cavity. The third pumping joint is fixedly connected to the right wall of the fish raising pond and is communicated with the third sliding cavity. The first pumping joint, the second pumping joint, one end away from the fish collecting pond and the third pumping joint, one end away from the fish raising pond, are respectively connected to the second water pump through multiple groups of water pipes. The second water pump and the first pumping joint, the second pumping joint and the third pumping joint are respectively controlled to be on and off by a group of electrically controlled valves.

[0013] Preferably, the water replenishment structure includes a fixed rod and a water replenishment pipe, the fixed rod is fixedly connected to the left wall of a group of right sides among the two groups of second baffles, the water replenishment pipe is fixedly connected between the left wall of a group of right sides among the multiple groups of second baffles and the left wall of the fixed rod, the length direction of the water replenishment pipe is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the outer wall of the water replenishment pipe is provided with multiple groups of water replenishment holes distributed along the axial direction of the water replenishment pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the limiting structure includes multiple groups of limiting pins, and the multiple groups of limiting pins are respectively fixedly connected between the opposite sides of the two groups of first baffles and between the opposite sides of the two groups of second baffles; when the first floating block floats to the highest stroke after being limited by the limiting pins, the horizontal height of the lowest point of the upper wall of the first floating block is higher than the front end of the upper wall of a group of fish raising ponds adjacent to the fish collecting pond; when the second floating block floats to the highest stroke after being limited by the limiting pins, the horizontal height of the lowest point of the upper wall of the second floating block is higher than the lowest point of the upper wall of a group of fish raising ponds adjacent to it and located behind the second floating block; when the anti-return plate floats to the highest stroke after being limited by the limiting pins, the height of the lower wall of the anti-return plate is not higher than the upper edge of the first sliding cavity.

[0015] The present invention provides a fish passing device for water conservancy project construction, which has the following beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the fish passing equipment used in the construction of water conservancy projects attracts fish near the downstream fish collecting pond through fish luring lights, and monitors the number of fish through cameras. After a certain number of fish gather above the fish collecting pond, water is injected into the first sliding cavity through the first water pump to drive the anti-return plate to rise to prevent the fish from escaping. Then, water is injected into the second sliding cavity and multiple third sliding cavities in turn through the first water pump to drive the first floating block and multiple second floating blocks to rise in turn, gradually moving the fish toward the sliding fish trough, and the fish slide into the upstream waters through the sliding fish trough. By selecting an appropriate number of fish lifting ponds, it can meet the needs of dams of different heights, and the fish passing process is very smooth.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the fish passing equipment used in the water conservancy project construction, the fish lifting pond, the fish collecting pond and the fish sliding trough are all detachably connected by screws. The single pond is small in size, convenient for transportation and on-site assembly, and is particularly suitable for the initial stage of dam construction in water conservancy project construction. After the dam construction project and the construction of the permanent fishway are completed, the fish passing equipment can also be disassembled and transported away for reuse.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the fish passing equipment used in the construction of water conservancy projects takes into account that the sealing between the temporarily assembled second floating block and the third sliding cavity will not be very good, resulting in water leaking faster when the second floating block is used to lift fish. Therefore, a water supply pipe is provided above the fish lifting pond. By continuously replenishing water to the top of the second floating block, the death of fish due to lack of water during the fish passing process is avoided, thereby effectively improving safety. By replenishing water through the water supply pipe, there is no need to set the sealing between the second floating block and the third sliding cavity too high, thereby effectively reducing the difficulty of the production process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from the left front perspective; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from the right front perspective; Figure 5 It is a partial sectional side view of the internal structure of the fish collecting pond, the fish raising pond, the first floating block, the second floating block and the anti-return plate of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point E in the middle; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-return plate structure of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the fish collecting pond of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the fish pond of the present invention.

[0019] Among them, 1. fish collecting pond; 101. first sliding cavity; 102. second sliding cavity; 2. fish raising pond; 201. third sliding cavity; 3. fish sliding trough; 4. first baffle; 5. second baffle; 6. first water inlet joint; 7. second water inlet joint; 8. third water inlet joint; 9. first water pumping joint; 10. second water pumping joint; 11. third water pumping joint; 12. first horizontal frame; 13. first bracket; 14. camera; 15. second horizontal frame; 16. second bracket; 17. fish attracting light; 18. fixing rod; 19. water supply pipe; 20. water supply hole; 21. limit pin; 22. anti-return plate; 23. first floating block; 24. first side plate; 25. second floating block; 26. second side plate; 27. first opening; 28. second opening; 29. ​​third opening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example: Figures 1 to 11As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fish passing device for water conservancy project construction, including a first water pump, a second water pump, a third water pump, a fish collecting pond 1, a sliding fish trough 3, a plurality of fish raising ponds 2 for sending the fish collected in the fish collecting pond 1 to the sliding fish trough 3, a plurality of electronically controlled valves and a plurality of water pipes, a first baffle 4 is arranged on the upper wall of the fish collecting pond 1 and near the left and right sides, a second baffle 5 is arranged on the upper wall of the fish raising pond 2 and near the left and right sides, and an anti-return plate 22 and a first floating block 23 are slidably connected in sequence in a front-to-back distribution inside the fish collecting pond 1. The inner wall of the fish pond 2 is slidably connected with a second floating block 25, the upper wall and the lower wall of the fish collecting pond 1 are parallel to the horizontal plane, the upper wall of the fish pond 2, the lower wall of the fish pond 2 and the lower wall of the sliding fish trough 3 are all at an angle of thirty degrees to the horizontal plane, and the upper wall of the fish pond 2, the lower wall of the fish pond 2 and the sliding fish trough 3 are inclined in opposite directions, the anti-return plate 22, the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 are all provided with a through cavity that penetrates the lower wall, and a group of first openings 27 are provided on the left and right side walls of the anti-return plate 22 and near the lower wall. The first floating block 2 A group of second openings 28 are provided on the left and right side walls near the lower wall of the second floating block 25, a group of third openings 29 are provided on the left and right side walls near the lower wall of the second floating block 25, the fish collecting pond 1 and the fish raising pond 2, the fish raising pond 2 and the fish raising pond 2, the fish raising pond 2 and the fish sliding trough 3, the fish collecting pond 1 and the first baffle 4, and the fish raising pond 2 and the second baffle 5 are all detachably connected by multiple groups of screws. In this embodiment, the first water pump, the second water pump, the third water pump, the water pipe and the electric control valve are all existing mature Technology, the first water pump is used to draw water and then inject it into the first sliding cavity 101, the second sliding cavity 102 and the third sliding cavity 201 to drive the anti-return plate 22, the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 to float up, and the specific injection position is controlled by multiple electric control valves respectively. The second water pump is used to pump water to facilitate the anti-return plate 22, the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 to sink and reset. The third water pump is used to replenish water above the second floating block 25 through the water supply pipe 19 to prevent the fish from dying due to lack of water during the fish lifting process; In order to transport the fish from the downstream to the upstream for fish passing, the multiple fish ponds 2 are distributed front to back and are arranged on the rear wall of the fish collecting pond 1 in the form of ascending in sequence, and the upper walls of the multiple groups of fish ponds 2 are all located in the same plane, the sliding fish trough 3 is arranged on the rear wall of the last group of fish ponds 2, and the horizontal height of the front end of the sliding fish trough 3 is lower than the highest point of the upper wall of the adjacent fish pond 2; the interior of the fish collecting pond 1 is distributed front to back and is successively provided with a first sliding cavity 101 and a second sliding cavity 102, the first sliding cavity 101 and the second sliding cavity 102 are both connected to the upper wall of the fish collecting pond 1, the anti-return plate 22 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first sliding cavity 101, the first floating block 23 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sliding cavity 102, the interior of the fish collecting pond 2 is provided with a third sliding cavity 201, the third sliding cavity 201 is connected to the upper wall of the fish collecting pond 2, and the second floating block 25 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sliding cavity 102 The first floating block 23 is movably connected to the inner wall of the third sliding cavity 201. The first side plate 24 is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the first floating block 23 and the left and right sides thereof. The second side plate 26 is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the second floating block 25 and the left and right sides thereof. The upper wall of the first floating block 23 and the upper wall of the second floating block 25 are both inclined with the front being higher and the back being lower. The inclination angle of the upper wall of the first floating block 23 is ten degrees, and the inclination angle of the upper wall of the second floating block 25 is five degrees. The inclined configuration of the upper walls of the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 can make the water with the school of fish flow along the slope after floating, and gradually transfer from the upper wall of the first floating block 23 to the upper wall of the second floating block 25, and then transfer in sequence through the upper walls of the multiple second floating blocks 25 until it is transferred to the upper wall of the sliding fish trough 3, and the school of fish is sent to the upstream waters through the sliding fish trough 3 to achieve the purpose of passing fish. In order to monitor the number of fish, the upper walls of the two groups of first baffles 4 are fixedly connected with a first horizontal frame 12 near the center position in the front-back direction. The lower wall of the first horizontal frame 12 is provided with a monitoring structure for monitoring the fish gathering situation. The monitoring structure includes a first bracket 13 and a camera 14. The first bracket 13 is arranged on the front wall of the first horizontal frame 12, and the camera 14 is arranged at an end of the first bracket 13 away from the first horizontal frame 12. The camera 14 has a camera range of the inside of the fish gathering pond 1. The camera 14 can monitor the fish entering the fish gathering pond 1. When the number of fish reaches a certain level, the fish lifting is started to avoid continuous operation of the equipment when there is no fish, which effectively saves energy. In order to attract fish to enter the fish collecting pond 1, the upper walls of the two groups of first baffles 4 are fixedly connected with a second horizontal frame 15 near the rear end. The lower wall of the second horizontal frame 15 is provided with a fish attracting structure for attracting nearby fish to the inside of the fish collecting pond 1. The fish attracting structure includes a second bracket 16 and a fish attracting light 17. The second bracket 16 is arranged on the lower wall of the second horizontal frame 15 and is located between the two groups of first baffles 4. The fish attracting light 17 is arranged at one end of the second bracket 16 away from the second horizontal frame 15. The fish attracting light 17 can be a single light commonly seen on the market or a light with a combination of multiple lights. It can be selected according to the fish existing in the specific waters. After the fish attracting light 17 is activated, it can attract the fish around the fish collecting pond 1 to swim above the fish collecting pond 1, so as to achieve the purpose of gathering the fish. In order to drive the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22 to rise, the left wall of the fish collecting pond 1 and the left wall of the fish raising pond 2 are both provided with a water injection structure for communicating with the first water pump. The anti-return plate 22, the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 are all floated after being injected with water by the first water pump and the water injection structure. The water injection structure includes a first water inlet joint 6, a second water inlet joint 7 and a third water inlet joint 8. The first water inlet joint 6 and the second water inlet joint 7 are both fixedly connected to the left wall of the fish collecting pond 1 and are respectively connected to the first sliding cavity 101 and the second sliding cavity 102. The third water inlet joint 8 is fixedly connected to the left wall of the fish raising pond 2 and is connected to the third sliding cavity 201. The first water inlet joint 6, the second water inlet joint 7, the end away from the fish collecting pond 1, and the end away from the third water inlet joint 8, the fish raising pond 2, are respectively connected to the first water pump through a plurality of water pipes. The first water pump and the first water inlet joint 6, the second water inlet joint 7, and the third water inlet joint 8 are respectively controlled to be on and off by a group of electric control valves. After the first sliding cavity 101, the second sliding cavity 102, and the third sliding cavity 201 are filled with water, the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25, and the anti-return plate 22 can be respectively driven to rise. The first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 float up to transport the fish school, and the rising of the anti-return plate 22 can prevent the fish school that swims to the top of the fish collecting pond 1 from running away; In order to reset the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22 after the fish is lifted, the right wall of the fish collecting pond 1 and the right wall of the fish lifting pond 2 are both provided with a pumping structure for communicating with the second water pump. The anti-return plate 22, the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 are all pumped by the second water pump and fall down by their own weight. The pumping structure includes a first pumping joint 9, a second pumping joint 10 and a third pumping joint 11. The first pumping joint 9 and the second pumping joint 10 are both fixedly connected to the right wall of the fish collecting pond 1 and are respectively connected to the inside of the first sliding cavity 101 and the second sliding cavity 102. The third pumping joint 11 is fixedly connected to the right wall of the fish lifting pond 2 and is connected to the inside of the third sliding cavity 201. The first pumping joint 9, the second pumping joint 10, the end away from the fish collecting pond 1, and the end away from the third pumping joint 11 of the fish raising pond 2 are respectively connected to the second water pump through multiple groups of water pipes. The second water pump and the first pumping joint 9, the second pumping joint 10, and the third pumping joint 11 are respectively controlled to be on and off by a group of electric control valves. After the fish raising is completed, in order to realize the reset of the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25, and the anti-return plate 22, the water inside the first sliding cavity 101, the second sliding cavity 102, and the third sliding cavity 201 are pumped away in turn by the second water pump, so that the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25, and the anti-return plate 22 sink and reset; In order to prevent the fish from being dehydrated during the fish lifting process, a left wall of one group on the right side of the two groups of second baffles 5 is provided with a water replenishment structure for communicating with the third water pump, and the water replenishment structure includes a fixed rod 18 and a water replenishment pipe 19, the fixed rod 18 is fixedly connected to the left wall of one group on the right side of the two groups of second baffles 5, the water replenishment pipe 19 is fixedly connected between the left wall of one group on the right side of the multiple groups of second baffles 5 and the left wall of the fixed rod 18, the length direction of the water replenishment pipe 19 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the outer wall of the water replenishment pipe 19 is provided with multiple groups of water replenishment holes 20 distributed along the axial direction of the water replenishment pipe 19, and the third water pump replenishes water to the second floating block 25 through the multiple water replenishment holes 20 on the water replenishment pipe 19, which can effectively prevent the fish from dying due to lack of water during the fish lifting process; In order to control the lifting and floating stroke of the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22, a limiting structure for controlling the lifting height of the anti-return plate 22, the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 is arranged between the two sets of first baffles 4 and the second baffles 5 on opposite sides. The limiting structure includes multiple sets of limiting pins 21, which are respectively fixedly connected between the two sets of first baffles 4 on opposite sides and between the two sets of second baffles 5 on opposite sides. When the first floating block 23 floats to the highest stroke after being limited by the limiting pins 21, the horizontal height of the lowest point on the upper wall of the first floating block 23 is higher than that of the second floating block 23. At the front end of the upper wall of a group of fish raising ponds 2 adjacent to the fish collecting pond 1, when the second floating block 25 floats to the highest stroke after being limited by the limit pin 21, the horizontal height of the lowest point of the upper wall of the second floating block 25 is higher than the lowest point of the upper wall of a group of fish raising ponds 2 adjacent to it and located behind the second floating block 25; when the anti-return plate 22 floats to the highest stroke after being limited by the limit pin 21, the height of the lower wall of the anti-return plate 22 is not higher than the upper edge of the first sliding cavity 101; by limiting by the limit pin 21, the lifting heights of the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22 can be controlled to avoid complete disengagement and failure.

[0022] Working principle: In this embodiment, the first water pump, the second water pump, the third water pump, the water pipe and the electric control valve are all existing mature technologies. The first water pump is used to draw water and then inject it into the first sliding cavity 101, the second sliding cavity 102 and the third sliding cavity 201 to drive the anti-return plate 22, the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 to float up. The specific injection position is controlled by multiple electric control valves respectively. The second water pump is used to pump water to facilitate the anti-return plate 22, the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 to sink and reset. The third water pump is used to replenish water to the upper part of the second floating block 25 through the water supply pipe 19 to avoid the death of fish due to lack of water during the fish lifting process; the first The upper wall of the floating block 23 has an inclination angle of ten degrees, and the upper wall of the second floating block 25 has an inclination angle of five degrees. The inclined configuration of the upper walls of the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 allows the water with the fish to flow along the slope after floating, and gradually transfer from the upper wall of the first floating block 23 to the upper wall of the second floating block 25, and then transfer in sequence through the upper walls of multiple second floating blocks 25 until it is transferred to the upper wall of the sliding fish trough 3, and the fish are sent to the upstream waters through the sliding fish trough 3 to achieve the purpose of passing fish; the camera 14 has a camera range of the interior of the fish collecting pond 1, and the fish entering the fish collecting pond 1 can be monitored through the camera 14, and the camera 14 can be started when the number of fish reaches a certain level. The fish attracting lamp 17 can be a single light or a combination of multiple lights commonly seen on the market. It can be selected according to the fish schools in the specific waters. After the fish attracting lamp 17 is activated, the fish around the fish collecting pond 1 can be attracted to swim to the top of the fish collecting pond 1, so as to achieve the purpose of gathering the fish schools. The first water pump and the first water inlet joint 6, the second water inlet joint 7 and the third water inlet joint 8 are respectively controlled by a group of electric control valves. After the first sliding chamber 101, the second sliding chamber 102 and the third sliding chamber 201 are filled with water, they can respectively drive the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 2 2 is raised, the first floating block 23 and the second floating block 25 float up to transfer the fish school, and the raising of the anti-return plate 22 can prevent the fish school that swims to the top of the fish collecting pond 1 from running away; after the fish is raised, in order to realize the reset of the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22, the water inside the first sliding cavity 101, the second sliding cavity 102 and the third sliding cavity 201 is pumped out in sequence by the second water pump, so that the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22 sink and reset; the third water pump replenishes water to the second floating block 25 through the multiple water replenishment holes 20 on the water replenishment pipe 19, which can effectively prevent the fish from dying due to lack of water during the fish raising process;When the first floating block 23 floats to the highest stroke after being limited by the limit pin 21, the horizontal height of the lowest point on the upper wall of the first floating block 23 is higher than the front end of the upper wall of a group of fish raising ponds 2 adjacent to the fish collecting pond 1. When the second floating block 25 floats to the highest stroke after being limited by the limit pin 21, the horizontal height of the lowest point on the upper wall of the second floating block 25 is higher than the lowest point on the upper wall of a group of fish raising ponds 2 adjacent to it and located behind the second floating block 25. When the anti-return plate 22 floats to the highest stroke after being limited by the limit pin 21, the height of the lower wall of the anti-return plate 22 is not higher than the upper edge of the first sliding cavity 101. The limit pin 21 can control the lifting height of the first floating block 23, the second floating block 25 and the anti-return plate 22 to avoid failure caused by complete disengagement. ;

[0023] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fish passing device for water conservancy project construction, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first water pump, a second water pump, a third water pump, a fish collecting pond (1), a fish sliding trough (3), a plurality of fish raising ponds (2) for sending fish collected in the fish collecting pond (1) to the fish sliding trough (3), a plurality of groups of electrically controlled valves and a plurality of groups of water pipes. The upper wall of the fish collecting pond (1) and near the left and right sides are provided with a first baffle (4), the upper wall of the fish raising pond (2) and near the left and right sides are provided with a second baffle (5), the interior of the fish collecting pond (1) is slidably connected with an anti-return plate (22) and a first floating block (23) in a front-to-back manner, the inner wall of the fish raising pond (2) is slidably connected with a second floating block (25), the upper wall and the lower wall of the fish collecting pond (1) are parallel to the horizontal plane, and the fish raising pond (2) is provided with a plurality of electrically controlled valves and a plurality of water pipes. The upper wall of the pool (2), the lower wall of the fish raising pool (2) and the lower wall of the fish sliding trough (3) are all at an angle of thirty degrees to the horizontal plane, and the upper wall of the fish raising pool (2), the lower wall of the fish raising pool (2) and the fish sliding trough (3) are inclined in opposite directions. The anti-return plate (22), the first floating block (23) and the second floating block (25) are all provided with a through cavity that penetrates the lower wall. The left and right side walls of the anti-return plate (22) are each provided with a group of first openings (27) near the lower wall. The left and right side walls of the first floating block (23) are each provided with a group of second openings (28) near the lower wall. The left and right side walls of the second floating block (25) are each provided with a group of third openings (29) near the lower wall.

2. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plurality of fish raising ponds (2) are arranged on the rear wall of the fish collecting pond (1) in a front-to-back distribution and in a sequentially ascending manner, and the upper walls of the plurality of fish raising ponds (2) are all located in the same plane; the fish sliding trough (3) is arranged on the rear wall of the last group of fish raising ponds (2); the front end of the fish sliding trough (3) is lower than the highest point of the upper wall of the adjacent fish raising pond (2); the interior of the fish collecting pond (1) is sequentially provided with a first sliding cavity (101) and a second sliding cavity (102) in a front-to-back distribution; the first sliding cavity (101) and the second sliding cavity (102) are both connected to the upper wall of the fish collecting pond (1); the anti-return plate (22) is slidably connected to the rear wall of the fish collecting pond (1); The first floating block (23) is connected to the inner wall of the first sliding cavity (101), the first floating block (23) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second sliding cavity (102), a third sliding cavity (201) is arranged inside the fish raising pond (2), the third sliding cavity (201) is connected to the upper wall of the fish raising pond (2), the second floating block (25) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the third sliding cavity (201), the upper wall of the first floating block (23) and near the left and right sides are fixedly connected to the first side plate (24), the upper wall of the second floating block (25) and near the left and right sides are fixedly connected to the second side plate (26), the upper wall of the two sets of the first baffles (4) are fixedly connected to the first side plate (24), and the upper wall of the second floating block (25) and near the left and right sides are fixedly connected to the second side plate (26). A first horizontal frame (12) is fixedly connected to the wall and near the center position in the front-to-back direction, and a monitoring structure for monitoring the fish gathering situation is arranged on the lower wall of the first horizontal frame (12). A second horizontal frame (15) is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the two groups of the first baffles (4) and near the rear end position, and a fish attracting structure for attracting nearby fish schools into the fish gathering pond (1) is arranged on the lower wall of the second horizontal frame (15). The left wall of the fish gathering pond (1) and the left wall of the fish raising pond (2) are both provided with a water injection structure for communicating with a first water pump. The anti-return plate (22), the first floating block (23) and the second floating block (25) are all connected by The first water pump and the water injection structure float after water injection; the right wall of the fish collecting pond (1) and the right wall of the fish lifting pond (2) are both provided with a pumping structure for communicating with the second water pump; the anti-return plate (22), the first floating block (23) and the second floating block (25) are all dropped by their own weight after water is pumped by the second water pump; the left wall of the right side of the two sets of the second baffles (5) is provided with a water replenishing structure for communicating with the third water pump; and the two sets of the first baffles (4) and the second baffles (5) are both provided between opposite sides thereof with a limit structure for controlling the lifting height of the anti-return plate (22), the first floating block (23) and the second floating block (25).

3. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The fish collecting pond (1) and the fish raising pond (2), the fish raising pond (2) and the fish raising pond (2), the fish raising pond (2) and the fish sliding trough (3), the fish collecting pond (1) and the first baffle (4), and the fish raising pond (2) and the second baffle (5) are all detachably connected by a plurality of sets of screws.

4. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The upper wall of the first floating block (23) and the upper wall of the second floating block (25) are both inclined with the front being higher and the back being lower. The upper wall of the first floating block (23) has an inclination angle of ten degrees, and the upper wall of the second floating block (25) has an inclination angle of five degrees.

5. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The monitoring structure comprises a first bracket (13) and a camera (14); the first bracket (13) is arranged on a front wall of a first horizontal frame (12); the camera (14) is arranged at an end of the first bracket (13) away from the first horizontal frame (12); and the camera (14) has a camera range within the fish collecting pond (1).

6. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fish attracting structure comprises a second bracket (16) and a fish attracting light (17); the second bracket (16) is arranged on the lower wall of the second horizontal frame (15) and is located between the two groups of first baffles (4); and the fish attracting light (17) is arranged at an end of the second bracket (16) away from the second horizontal frame (15).

7. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water injection structure comprises a first water inlet joint (6), a second water inlet joint (7) and a third water inlet joint (8); the first water inlet joint (6) and the second water inlet joint (7) are both fixedly connected to the left wall of the fish collecting pond (1) and are respectively connected to the inside of the first sliding cavity (101) and the second sliding cavity (102); the third water inlet joint (8) is fixedly connected to the left wall of the fish raising pond (2) and is connected to the inside of the third sliding cavity (201); the ends of the first water inlet joint (6) and the second water inlet joint (7) away from the fish collecting pond (1) and the end of the third water inlet joint (8) away from the fish raising pond (2) are respectively connected to a first water pump through a plurality of water pipes; the first water pump and the first water inlet joint (6), the second water inlet joint (7) and the third water inlet joint (8) are respectively connected to each other through a group of electrically controlled valves.

8. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pumping structure comprises a first pumping joint (9), a second pumping joint (10) and a third pumping joint (11); the first pumping joint (9) and the second pumping joint (10) are both fixedly connected to the right wall of the fish collecting pond (1) and are respectively connected to the inside of the first sliding cavity (101) and the second sliding cavity (102); the third pumping joint (11) is fixedly connected to the right wall of the fish raising pond (2) and is connected to the inside of the third sliding cavity (201); one end of the first pumping joint (9) and the second pumping joint (10) away from the fish collecting pond (1) and one end of the third pumping joint (11) away from the fish raising pond (2) are respectively connected to a second water pump through a plurality of water pipes; the second water pump and the first pumping joint (9), the second pumping joint (10) and the third pumping joint (11) are respectively connected and disconnected through a group of electrically controlled valves.

9. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water replenishment structure comprises a fixed rod (18) and a water replenishment pipe (19); the fixed rod (18) is fixedly connected to a left wall of a group of the two groups of second baffles (5) on the right side; the water replenishment pipe (19) is fixedly connected between a left wall of a group of the multiple groups of second baffles (5) on the right side and the left wall of the fixed rod (18); the length direction of the water replenishment pipe (19) is parallel to a horizontal plane; and the outer wall of the water replenishment pipe (19) is provided with a plurality of groups of water replenishment holes (20) distributed along the axial direction of the water replenishment pipe (19).

10. The fish passing device for water conservancy project construction according to claim 9, characterized in that: The limiting structure comprises a plurality of groups of limiting pins (21), wherein the plurality of groups of limiting pins (21) are respectively fixedly connected between opposite sides of the two groups of first baffles (4) and between opposite sides of the two groups of second baffles (5); when the first floating block (23) floats up to the highest stroke after being limited by the limiting pins (21), the horizontal height of the lowest point of the upper wall of the first floating block (23) is higher than the front end of the upper wall of a group of fish raising ponds (2) adjacent to the fish collecting pond (1); when the second floating block (25) floats up to the highest stroke after being limited by the limiting pins (21), the horizontal height of the lowest point of the upper wall of the second floating block (25) is higher than the lowest point of the upper wall of a group of fish raising ponds (2) adjacent to it and located behind the second floating block (25); and when the anti-return plate (22) floats up to the highest stroke after being limited by the limiting pins (21), the height of the lower wall of the anti-return plate (22) is not higher than the upper edge of the first sliding cavity (101).

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