Method, device and storage medium for determining load of a test production string of a gas well

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of oil and gas wells, in particular to a method and device for determining the load of a test production pipe column of a gas well and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: determining the node axial displacement of the upper and lower nodes of each test production pipe column unit in the test production pipe column; acquiring the structural parameters and environmental data of the gas well, the gas physical parameters, the node force and node displacement of the wellhead, the unit length and unit stiffness of each test production pipe column unit; determining the initial axial force of each test production pipe column unit; determining the actual axial force of each test production pipe column unit; determining the first load value of each test production pipe column unit; acquiring the second load value of each test production pipe column unit; and determining the current axial load of each test production pipe column unit according to the first load value and the second load value of each test production pipe column. The method can realize real-time monitoring of the load of the test production pipe column, accurately determine the load borne by the test production pipe column, and provide a more reasonable and safe reference for subsequent operation of the gas well.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of oil and gas wells, in particular to a method and device for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous expansion of China's oil and gas exploration and development process to the deep and ultra-deep layer above 6000m, test production, as an important link between well completion and production delivery, is used for collecting and evaluating wellbore data. The probability of pipe string failure accidents caused by poor temperature and pressure load during the initial production of the formation gas is extremely high, which poses a serious threat to the safety of test production. During the gas production process of high-temperature gas well test production, the reduction of internal pressure and the increase of temperature of the pipe string act on the axial elongation and even the thermal buckling instability deformation of the pipe string. However, there is a lack of monitoring method for the temperature and pressure load of the buckling state pipe string of the high-temperature gas well completion in the existing engineering technical means, which makes it difficult to monitor and early warn the safety of test production operation and make decision. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a method and device for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well and a storage medium, so as to solve the problem that the load of the pipe string cannot be determined in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well, which comprises:

[0005] determining the node axial displacement of the upper and lower nodes of each test production string unit in the test production string;

[0006] obtaining the structural parameters and environmental data of the gas well, the physical parameters of the gas in the gas well, and the node force and node displacement of the wellhead of the gas well;

[0007] obtaining the unit length and unit stiffness of each test production string unit;

[0008] determining the initial axial force of each test production string unit;

[0009] determining the actual axial force of each test production string unit according to the structural parameters, environmental data, physical parameters of the gas, node force and node displacement of the wellhead, and node axial displacement, unit length, unit stiffness and initial axial force of each test production string unit;

[0010] determining the first load value of each test production string unit according to the actual axial force of each test production string unit;

[0011] obtaining a second load value of each of the trial production tubing string units, wherein the second load value is determined based on at least one of a temperature effect, a gravity effect, a bulging effect, a piston effect, a buckling effect, and a friction effect of each of the trial production tubing string units;

[0012] determining a current axial load of each of the trial production tubing string units according to the first load value and the second load value of each of the trial production tubing string units.

[0013] In the embodiments of the present application, determining the actual axial force of each of the trial production tubing string units according to the structural parameters, the environmental data, the gas physical parameters, the node force and the node displacement of the wellhead, and the node axial displacement, the unit length, the unit stiffness, and the initial axial force of each of the trial production tubing string units comprises: generating a unit mass matrix, a unit elasticity matrix, and a unit stiffness matrix of each of the trial production tubing string units according to the structural parameters, the environmental data, and the unit length and the unit stiffness of each of the trial production tubing string units; generating a node force column vector matrix of each of the trial production tubing string units according to the gas physical parameters; generating initial conditions according to the initial axial force and the node axial displacement of each of the trial production tubing string units; generating boundary conditions according to the node force and the node displacement of the wellhead; generating a corner control equation of each of the trial production tubing string units according to the unit mass matrix, the unit elasticity matrix, the unit stiffness matrix, and the node force column vector matrix of each of the trial production tubing string units; and determining the actual axial force of each of the trial production tubing string units according to the initial conditions, the boundary conditions, and the corner control equation of each of the trial production tubing string units.

[0014] In the embodiments of the present application, determining the actual axial force of each of the trial production tubing string units according to the initial conditions, the boundary conditions, and the corner control equation of each of the trial production tubing string units comprises: determining a node turning angle of each of the trial production tubing string units according to the initial conditions, the boundary conditions, and the corner control equation of each of the trial production tubing string units; determining a coordinate change amount of each of the trial production tubing string units in a three-dimensional space according to the node turning angle of each of the trial production tubing string units; and determining the actual axial force of each of the trial production tubing string units according to the coordinate change amount of each of the trial production tubing string units.

[0015] In the embodiments of the present application, determining the coordinate change amount of each of the trial production tubing string units in the three-dimensional space according to the node turning angle of each of the trial production tubing string units comprises determining the coordinate change amount according to formula (1):

[0016]

[0017] wherein Δu(z) is a coordinate change amount of the zth trial production tubing string unit in a positive direction of an x-axis of a three-dimensional space, L is an axial length of the zth trial production tubing string unit, θ x (z) is a node turning angle of the zth trial production tubing string unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, sinθ x(z) is a sine function of the node turning angle of the zth test production pipe column unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, Δv(z) is a coordinate change amount of the zth test production pipe column unit in the y-axis positive direction of the three-dimensional space, θ y (z) is a sine function of the node turning angle of the zth test production pipe column unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, sinθ y (z) is a sine function of the node turning angle of the zth test production pipe column unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, Δw(z) is a coordinate change amount of the zth test production pipe column unit in the z-axis positive direction of the three-dimensional space, cosθ x (z) is a cosine function of the node turning angle of the zth test production pipe column unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, cosθ y (z) is a cosine function of the node turning angle of the zth test production pipe column unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space.

[0018] In the embodiment of the present application, the determination of the node axial displacement of the upper and lower nodes of each test production pipe column unit in the test production pipe column comprises: acquiring strain distribution data of the test production pipe column in the gas well; and determining the node axial displacement of each test production pipe column unit according to the strain distribution data and the unit length of each test production pipe column unit in the test production pipe column.

[0019] In the embodiment of the present application, the determination of the initial axial force of each test production pipe column unit comprises: determining the initial axial force according to formula (2):

[0020] F a (z) = αEAΔT(z) (2)

[0021] wherein, F a (z) is the initial axial force of the zth test production pipe column unit, α is a thermal expansion coefficient and is a constant, E is the elastic modulus of the zth test production pipe column unit, A is the cross-sectional area of the zth test production pipe column unit, and ΔT(z) is the temperature difference between the temperature of the zth test production pipe column unit and the atmospheric temperature.

[0022] In the embodiment of the present application, the method further comprises: for any one test production pipe column unit, judging whether the current axial load of the test production pipe column unit is greater than a preset upper load safety threshold value; in the case that the current axial load of the test production pipe column unit is less than the preset upper load safety threshold value, determining that the difference between the preset upper load safety threshold value and the current axial load of the test production pipe column unit is the pipe column safety margin; and displaying the pipe column safety margin through a visual interface.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present application, the method further comprises: in the case that the pipe column safety margin is less than a preset value, generating a work instruction according to the pipe column safety margin; and performing a pressure boosting operation or a pressure relief operation on the gas well based on the work instruction.

[0024] The second aspect of the present application provides a device for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well, comprising:

[0025] a memory configured to store instructions;

[0026] a processor configured to call the instructions from the memory and enable the above-mentioned method for determining the load of the test production string of the gas well when executing the instructions.

[0027] The third aspect of the present application provides a machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon for causing a machine to execute the above-mentioned method for determining the load of the test production string of the gas well.

[0028] Through the above technical solution, the node axial displacement of each test production string unit in the test production string is determined; the structural parameters and environmental data of the gas well, the gas physical parameters in the gas well, and the node force and node displacement of the wellhead of the gas well are obtained; the unit length and unit stiffness of each test production string unit are obtained; the initial axial force of each test production string unit is determined; the actual axial force of each test production string unit is determined according to the structural parameters, the environmental data, the gas physical parameters, the node force and the node displacement of the wellhead, and the node axial displacement, the unit length, the unit stiffness, and the initial axial force of each test production string unit; the first load value of each test production string unit is determined according to the actual axial force of each test production string unit; the second load value of each test production string unit is obtained, wherein the second load value is determined based on at least one of the temperature effect, the gravity effect, the bulging effect, the piston effect, the buckling effect, and the friction effect of each test production string unit; and the current axial load of each test production string unit is determined according to the first load value and the second load value of each test production string, which can realize real-time monitoring of the load of the test production string, accurately determine the load of the test production string, and provide more reasonable and safe references for subsequent operation of the gas well.

[0029] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail in the following specific implementation part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used together with the following specific implementation to explain the embodiments of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 The flowchart of the method for determining the load of the test production string of the gas well according to the embodiments of the present application is schematically shown;

[0032] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of a test production string unit according to the embodiments of the present application is schematically shown.

[0033] Figure 3 A curve diagram of axial load of a test production pipe string unit at various well depth positions before a pressure compensation operation or a pressure relief operation is schematically shown according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 A curve diagram of axial load of a test production pipe string unit at various well depth positions after a pressure compensation operation or a pressure relief operation is schematically shown according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a device for determining load of a test production pipe string of a gas well is schematically shown according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a gas well is schematically shown according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 7 An internal structure diagram of a computer device is schematically shown according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain and illustrate the embodiments of the present application, and should not be used to limit the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present application involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.

[0040] In addition, if the embodiments of the present application involve descriptions such as “first”, “second”, etc., the descriptions of “first”, “second”, etc. are merely for description purposes, and should not be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by “first”, “second” can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that a person of ordinary skill in the art can realize it, and when the combination of technical solutions appears to be contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, and is also not within the scope of protection claimed by the present application.

[0041] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well is shown schematically according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1 the present application provides a method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well, which can include the following steps.

[0042] Step 101: Determine the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each test production string unit in the test production string.

[0043] The processor can determine the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each test production string unit in the test production string. Wherein, the test production string can include a plurality of test production string units, which can be discretized by taking the length of a single test production string as the grid discrete size, and each test production string unit can be numbered in sequence from the wellhead to the well bottom based on the first test production string unit near the wellhead as the starting unit. As shown in Figure 2 the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each test production string unit in the test production string.

[0044] In the present application, determining the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each test production string unit in the test production string includes: obtaining strain distribution data of the test production string in the gas well; determining the node axial displacement of each test production string unit according to the strain distribution data and the unit length of each test production string unit in the test production string.

[0045] The processor can determine the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each test production string unit in the test production string. Specifically, the processor can obtain strain distribution data of the test production string in the gas well. After obtaining the strain distribution data of the test production string, the processor can determine the node axial displacement of each test production string unit according to the strain distribution data and the unit length of each test production string unit in the test production string. For example, the product of the strain distribution data and the unit length of each test production string unit in the test production string can be determined as the node axial displacement of each test production string unit.

[0046] Step 102: Obtain the structural parameters and environmental data of the gas well, the physical parameters of the gas in the gas well, and the node force and node displacement of the wellhead of the gas well.

[0047] Step 103: Obtain the unit length and unit stiffness of each test production string unit.

[0048] Step 104: Determine the initial axial force of each test production string unit.

[0049] The processor can acquire the structural parameters and environmental data of the gas well, the gas physical parameters in the gas well, and the node force and node displacement of the wellhead of the gas well. The processor can acquire the unit length and unit stiffness of each production string unit. The processor can determine the initial axial force of each production string unit. In the embodiments of the present application, determining the initial axial force of each production string unit comprises determining the initial axial force according to formula (2):

[0050] F a (z) = aEAAT(z) (2)

[0051] wherein, F a (z) is the initial axial force of the zth production string unit, a is the thermal expansion coefficient and is a constant, E is the elastic modulus of the zth production string unit, A is the cross-sectional area of the zth production string unit, and AT(z) is the temperature difference between the temperature of the zth production string unit and the atmospheric temperature.

[0052] Step 105: determining the actual axial force of each production string unit according to the structural parameters, environmental data, gas physical parameters, node force and node displacement of the wellhead, and node axial displacement, unit length, unit stiffness and initial axial force of each production string unit.

[0053] After determining the initial axial force of each production string unit, the processor can determine the actual axial force of each production string unit according to the structural parameters, environmental data, gas physical parameters, node force and node displacement of the wellhead, and node axial displacement, unit length, unit stiffness and initial axial force of each production string unit.

[0054] In the embodiments of the present application, determining the actual axial force of each production string unit according to the structural parameters, environmental data, gas physical parameters, node force and node displacement of the wellhead, and node axial displacement, unit length, unit stiffness and initial axial force of each production string unit comprises: generating a unit mass matrix, a unit elasticity matrix and a unit stiffness matrix of each production string unit according to the structural parameters, environmental data and the unit length and unit stiffness of each production string unit; generating a node force column vector matrix of each production string unit according to the gas physical parameters; generating initial conditions according to the initial axial force and the node axial displacement of each production string unit; generating boundary conditions according to the node force and node displacement of the wellhead; generating a rotation angle control equation of each production string unit according to the unit mass matrix, the unit elasticity matrix, the unit stiffness matrix and the node force column vector matrix of each production string unit; and determining the actual axial force of each production string unit according to the initial conditions, the boundary conditions and the rotation angle control equation of each production string unit.

[0055] The processor can determine the actual axial force of each production string unit according to the structure parameters, the environmental data, the gas physical parameters, the node force and the node displacement of the wellhead, and the node axial displacement, the unit length, the unit stiffness and the initial axial force of each production string unit. Specifically, the processor can generate a unit mass matrix, a unit elasticity matrix and a unit stiffness matrix of each production string unit according to the structure parameters, the environmental data, and the unit length and the unit stiffness of each production string unit. The processor can generate a node force column vector matrix of each production string unit according to the gas physical parameters. The processor can generate initial conditions according to the initial axial force and the node axial displacement of each production string unit. The processor can generate boundary conditions according to the node force and the node displacement of the wellhead. After obtaining the unit mass matrix, the unit elasticity matrix, the unit stiffness matrix and the node force column vector matrix of each production string unit, the processor can generate a corner control equation of each production string unit according to the unit mass matrix, the unit elasticity matrix, the unit stiffness matrix and the node force column vector matrix of each production string unit. After obtaining the corner control equation of each production string unit, the processor can determine the actual axial force of each production string unit according to the initial conditions, the boundary conditions and the corner control equation of each production string unit.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the structure parameters can include the choke diameter, the production casing and the production string cross-section inner and outer diameter data. In the case of variable diameter of the production casing or the production string (i.e. the pipe diameter of the upper and lower production string units changes), the structure parameters can further include the variable cross-section production casing inner diameter, the variable cross-section production string inner and outer diameter data, the variable cross-section production string steel grade, the pipe material density, the elastic modulus and the Poisson's ratio, the joint inner and outer diameter, the number of packers and the packer placement position. In the case of centralizers, the structure parameters can further include the number of centralizer inputs and the centralizer placement position. The environmental data can include the wellbore temperature distribution and the wellbore pressure distribution data. The corner control equation is:

[0057]

[0058] wherein θ x is the node turning angle of the production string unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, s is the well depth coordinate where the production string unit is located, F τx is the initial axial force of the production string unit, E is the elastic modulus of the production string unit, I is the cross-section moment of inertia of the production string unit, f nx is the external force in the x-axis direction, which is a constant, δ is the axial length of the production string unit, γ x is the angle of the external force in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, sin(θ x -γ x ) is (θ x -γx sin(θ y is the sine function of (θ τy is the initial axial force of the trial production pipe string unit, the value is the same as F τx , f ny is the external force in the y-axis direction, which is a constant, sin(θ y -γ y ) is the sine function of (θ y -γ y ).

[0059] In the embodiments of the present application, determining the actual axial force of each trial production pipe string unit according to the initial conditions, the boundary conditions and the angle control equation of each trial production pipe string unit includes: determining the node turning angle of each trial production pipe string unit according to the initial conditions, the boundary conditions and the angle control equation of each trial production pipe string unit; determining the coordinate change amount of each trial unit pipe string in the three-dimensional space according to the node turning angle of each trial production pipe string unit; and determining the actual axial force of each trial production pipe string unit according to the coordinate change amount of each trial unit pipe string.

[0060] The processor can determine the actual axial force of each trial production pipe string unit according to the initial conditions, the boundary conditions and the angle control equation of each trial production pipe string unit. Specifically, the processor can determine the node turning angle of each trial production pipe string unit according to the initial conditions, the boundary conditions and the angle control equation of each trial production pipe string unit. After obtaining the node turning angle of each trial production pipe string unit, the processor can determine the coordinate change amount of each trial unit pipe string in the three-dimensional space according to the node turning angle of each trial production pipe string unit. In the embodiments of the present application, determining the coordinate change amount of each trial unit pipe string in the three-dimensional space according to the node turning angle of each trial production pipe string unit includes determining the coordinate change amount according to formula (1):

[0061]

[0062] wherein Δu(z) is the coordinate change amount of the zth trial production pipe string unit in the positive direction of the x-axis in the three-dimensional space, L is the axial length of the zth trial production pipe string unit, θ x (z) is the node turning angle of the zth trial production pipe string unit in the x-axis direction in the three-dimensional space, sinθ x (z) is the sine function of the node turning angle of the zth trial production pipe string unit in the x-axis direction in the three-dimensional space, Δv(z) is the coordinate change amount of the zth trial production pipe string unit in the positive direction of the y-axis in the three-dimensional space, θ y (z) is the node turning angle of the zth trial production pipe string unit in the y-axis direction in the three-dimensional space, sinθ y(z) is a sine function of the node turning angle of the zth trial production pipe string unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, Aw(z) is the coordinate change amount of the zth trial production pipe string unit in the z-axis positive direction of the three-dimensional space, cosθ x (z) is a cosine function of the node turning angle of the zth trial production pipe string unit in the x-axis direction of the three-dimensional space, cosθ y (z) is a cosine function of the node turning angle of the zth trial production pipe string unit in the y-axis direction of the three-dimensional space.

[0063] After obtaining the coordinate change amount of each trial production unit pipe string in the three-dimensional space, the processor can determine the actual axial force of each trial production pipe string unit according to the coordinate change amount of each trial production unit pipe string.

[0064] Step 106: determining the first load value of each trial production pipe string unit according to the actual axial force of each trial production pipe string unit.

[0065] Step 107: obtaining the second load value of each trial production pipe string unit, wherein the second load value is determined based on at least one of the temperature effect, the gravity effect, the bulging effect, the piston effect, the buckling effect, and the friction effect of each trial production pipe string unit.

[0066] Step 108: determining the current axial load of each trial production pipe string unit according to the first load value and the second load value of each trial production pipe string.

[0067] After obtaining the actual axial force of each trial production pipe string unit, the processor can determine the first load value of each trial production pipe string unit according to the actual axial force of each trial production pipe string unit. The processor can obtain the second load value of each trial production pipe string unit, wherein the second load value is determined based on at least one of the temperature effect, the gravity effect, the bulging effect, the piston effect, the buckling effect, and the friction effect of each trial production pipe string unit. After obtaining the first load value and the second load value of each trial production pipe string unit, the processor can determine the current axial load of each trial production pipe string unit according to the first load value and the second load value of each trial production pipe string.

[0068] In the embodiments of the present application, the method further comprises: for any one trial production pipe string unit, determining whether the current axial load of the trial production pipe string unit is greater than a preset upper load safety threshold; in the case that the current axial load of the trial production pipe string unit is less than the preset upper load safety threshold, determining that the difference between the preset upper load safety threshold and the current axial load of the trial production pipe string unit is the pipe string safety margin; and displaying the pipe string safety margin through a visual interface.

[0069] After determining the current axial load of each production string unit, the processor can determine whether the current axial load of any production string unit is greater than a preset upper load safety threshold. The preset upper load safety threshold can be determined based on actual conditions. In the case where the current axial load of the production string unit is less than the preset upper load safety threshold, the processor can determine that the difference between the preset upper load safety threshold and the current axial load of the production string unit is the string safety margin. After obtaining the string safety margin, the processor can display the string safety margin through the visual interface. In the case where the current axial load of the production string unit is less than the preset upper load safety threshold, the processor can also determine that the production string unit is in a dangerous state and issue a safety warning.

[0070] In the embodiments of the present application, the method further includes: in the case where the string safety margin is less than a preset value, generating a work instruction according to the string safety margin; and performing a pressure compensation operation or a pressure relief operation on the gas well based on the work instruction.

[0071] After obtaining the string safety margin, the processor can determine whether the string safety margin is less than a preset value, which can be determined based on actual conditions, such as 2100 kN. In the case where the string safety margin is less than the preset value, the processor can generate a work instruction according to the string safety margin and perform a pressure compensation operation or a pressure relief operation on the gas well based on the work instruction. Specifically, in the case where the work instruction is a pressure compensation instruction, the processor can obtain the pumped gas flow and the pumping time of the gas well, use the nitrogen compression pump, the automatic control valve group, and the pumping pipeline installed near the surface wellhead, complete the pressure compensation process to the gas well annulus according to the corresponding pump displacement and pumping time, and make the external pressure of the production string rise sufficiently to balance the excessive internal pressure. In the case where the work instruction is a pressure relief instruction, the processor can obtain the pressure relief valve opening degree and the pressure relief time, and through the electrically controlled ground throttle valve group, release the pressure of the oil casing annulus at the correct opening degree of the correct caliber oil nozzle, and through computer control, release the pressure of the oil casing annulus until the valve opening time reaches the predetermined time, then close the pressure relief valve, complete the pressure release process of the oil casing, and make the external pressure of the production string drop sufficiently to balance the lower internal pressure of the string. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the axial loads of the production string units at various well depth positions before the pressure compensation operation or the pressure relief operation, and the axial loads of the production string units at various well depth positions after the pressure compensation operation or the pressure relief operation, can clearly show that the pressure compensation operation or the pressure relief operation can effectively reduce the axial loads. Figure 3 Figure 4

[0072] Through the above technical solutions, the load of the production string can be monitored in real time, and the load borne by the production string can be accurately determined, thereby providing more reasonable and safe references for subsequent gas well operation. ​​

[0073] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the load on a gas well pilot production string in one embodiment. It should be understood that, although... Figure 1 The steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially as indicated by the arrows, but these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order in which these steps are executed, and they can be performed in other orders. Figure 1 At least some of the steps in the process may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0074] This application also provides an apparatus for determining the load on a gas well trial production string, comprising:

[0075] The memory is configured to store instructions;

[0076] The processor is configured to retrieve instructions from memory and, when executing the instructions, to implement the aforementioned method for determining the load on the production string of a gas well.

[0077] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 The diagram shows a device for determining the load on a production string in a gas well, including: a main control unit for measuring the strain on the outer wall of the production string (i.e., the production string), a measured data transmission and processing module, a pre-calculation module for the buckling configuration of the production string, a finite element node displacement conversion module for the production string, a node force inverse problem solving and load evaluation module, an annular pressure control decision output module, a visual user interface and automatic verification module, and an oil casing annular throttling and depressurization / gas pump pressurization implementation unit.

[0078] The main control unit for measuring the strain on the outer wall of the production tubing constitutes the real-time deformation monitoring system for the gas well production tubing. This system has a reserve of annular protective gas column, and the gas medium should be nitrogen. The production tubing is a threaded test production tubing with fiber optic strain gauges attached within a 30cm axial distance from the connection points at both ends. The fiber optic strain gauges must be resistant to high temperature, high pressure, corrosion, and water. The strain gauges must be bonded to the outer wall of the test production tubing using high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant epoxy resin adhesive. A ceramic protective layer is added to the outside of the strain gauges. Nickel-based alloy wires or various stainless steel-coated hard wires are preferred for the strain gauge wires. The strain gauges are connected in parallel, forming a circuit using a Wheatstone bridge to ensure basic anti-interference capability under annular gas turbulence disturbances.

[0079] The measured data transmission and processing module constitutes a computer device with a readable storage medium, which can run a load solving calculation program and an operating condition and language environment of an operable user interface.

[0080] The production pipe string buckling configuration pre-calculation module, the production pipe string finite element node displacement conversion module, the node force inverse problem solving and load evaluation module, the annulus pressure control decision output module, and the visual user interface and automatic checking module constitute the load solving calculation program and the operable user interface.

[0081] The oil-casing annulus throttling pressure relief / gas pump pressurization implementation unit constitutes a ground throttling manifold and annulus pressurization system, and has an annulus pressure relief throttle valve group and an annulus nitrogen gas compression pump group.

[0082] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 6 a gas well is provided, including a cement sheath, a test production pipe string, a production casing, a packer, and a formation fluid.

[0083] The embodiment of the present application further provides a machine readable storage medium, which has instructions stored thereon, and the instructions are used to cause a machine to execute the method for determining the load of the test production pipe string of the gas well.

[0084] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which can be a server, and an internal structure diagram thereof can be as shown in Figure 7 The computer device includes a processor A01, a network interface A02, a memory (not shown in the figure) and a database (not shown in the figure) connected through a system bus. The processor A01 of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes an internal memory A03 and a non-volatile storage medium A04. The non-volatile storage medium A04 stores an operating system B01, a computer program B02 and a database (not shown in the figure). The internal memory A03 provides an environment for the operating system B01 and the computer program B02 in the non-volatile storage medium A04. The database of the computer device is used to store node axial displacement, structure parameters, environmental data, gas physical parameters, node force and node displacement of the wellhead, unit length and unit stiffness of the test production pipe string unit, initial axial force, actual axial force, first load value, second load value and current axial load and the like. The network interface A02 of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program B02 is executed by the processor A01 to implement a method for determining the load of the test production pipe string of the gas well.

[0085] Those skilled in the art can understand, Figure 7The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of part of the structure related to the scheme of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the scheme of the present application is applied. A specific computer device can include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0086] The embodiment of the present application provides a device, which comprises a processor, a memory and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor implements the following steps when executing the program: determining node axial displacements at upper and lower nodes of each test production pipe string unit in a test production pipe string; obtaining structural parameters and environmental data of a gas well, physical parameters of gas in the gas well and node force and node displacement of a wellhead of the gas well; obtaining unit length and unit stiffness of each test production pipe string unit; determining initial axial force of each test production pipe string unit; determining actual axial force of each test production pipe string unit according to the structural parameters, the environmental data, the physical parameters of gas, the node force and the node displacement of the wellhead and the node axial displacement, the unit length, the unit stiffness and the initial axial force of each test production pipe string unit; obtaining a first load value of each test production pipe string unit according to the actual axial force of each test production pipe string unit; obtaining a second load value of each test production pipe string unit, wherein the second load value is determined based on at least one of temperature effect, gravity effect, bulging effect, piston effect, buckling effect and friction effect of each test production pipe string unit; and determining current axial load of each test production pipe string unit according to the first load value and the second load value of each test production pipe string.

[0087] In one embodiment, the determining of the actual axial force of each test production pipe string unit according to the structural parameters, the environmental data, the physical parameters of gas, the node force and the node displacement of the wellhead and the node axial displacement, the unit length, the unit stiffness and the initial axial force of each test production pipe string unit comprises: generating a unit mass matrix, a unit elasticity matrix and a unit stiffness matrix of each test production pipe string unit according to the structural parameters, the environmental data and the unit length and the unit stiffness of each test production pipe string unit; generating a node force column vector matrix of each test production pipe string unit according to the physical parameters of gas; generating initial conditions according to the initial axial force and the node axial displacement of each test production pipe string unit; generating boundary conditions according to the node force and the node displacement of the wellhead; generating a rotation angle control equation of each test production pipe string unit according to the unit mass matrix, the unit elasticity matrix, the unit stiffness matrix and the node force column vector matrix of each test production pipe string unit; and determining the actual axial force of each test production pipe string unit according to the initial conditions, the boundary conditions and the rotation angle control equation of each test production pipe string unit.

[0088] In one embodiment, determining the actual axial force of each production string unit according to the initial condition, the boundary condition, and the rotation angle control equation of each production string unit comprises: determining the node rotation angle of each production string unit according to the initial condition, the boundary condition, and the rotation angle control equation of each production string unit; determining the coordinate change amount of each production unit string in the three-dimensional space according to the node rotation angle of each production unit string; and determining the actual axial force of each production string unit according to the coordinate change amount of each production unit string.

[0089] In one embodiment, determining the coordinate change amount of each production unit string in the three-dimensional space according to the node rotation angle of each production string unit comprises determining the coordinate change amount according to formula (1):

[0090]

[0091] wherein Δu(z) is the coordinate change amount of the zth production string unit in the positive direction of the x-axis in the three-dimensional space, L is the axial length of the zth production string unit, θ x (z) is the node rotation angle of the zth production string unit in the x-axis direction in the three-dimensional space, sinθ x (z) is the sine function of the node rotation angle of the zth production string unit in the x-axis direction in the three-dimensional space, Δv(z) is the coordinate change amount of the zth production string unit in the positive direction of the y-axis in the three-dimensional space, θ y (z) is the node rotation angle of the zth production string unit in the y-axis direction in the three-dimensional space, sinθ y (z) is the sine function of the node rotation angle of the zth production string unit in the y-axis direction in the three-dimensional space, Δw(z) is the coordinate change amount of the zth production string unit in the positive direction of the z-axis in the three-dimensional space, cosθ x (z) is the cosine function of the node rotation angle of the zth production string unit in the x-axis direction in the three-dimensional space, cosθ y (z) is the cosine function of the node rotation angle of the zth production string unit in the y-axis direction in the three-dimensional space.

[0092] In one embodiment, determining the node axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each production string unit in the production string comprises: obtaining strain distribution data of the production string in the gas well; and determining the node axial displacement of each production string unit according to the strain distribution data and the unit length of each production string unit in the production string.

[0093] In one embodiment, determining the initial axial force of each production string unit comprises determining the initial axial force according to formula (2):

[0094] F a (z) = αEAΔT(z) (2)

[0095] wherein F a (z) is the initial axial force of the zth trial production string unit, a is the thermal expansion coefficient and is a constant, E is the elastic modulus of the zth trial production string unit, A is the cross-sectional area of the zth trial production string unit, and ΔT(z) is the temperature difference between the zth trial production string unit and the atmospheric temperature.

[0096] In one embodiment, the method further comprises: determining, for any one trial production string unit, whether the current axial load of the trial production string unit is greater than the preset upper load safety threshold; in the case that the current axial load of the trial production string unit is less than the preset upper load safety threshold, determining that the difference between the preset upper load safety threshold and the current axial load of the trial production string unit is the string safety margin; and displaying the string safety margin through the visual interface.

[0097] In one embodiment, the method further comprises: in the case that the string safety margin is less than a preset value, generating a work instruction according to the string safety margin; and performing a pressure boosting operation or a pressure relief operation on the gas well based on the work instruction.

[0098] The present application also provides a computer program product adapted to execute the method steps of initializing the program for determining the load of the trial production string of the gas well when executed on a data processing device.

[0099] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, a system or a computer program product. Therefore, the present application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0100] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as a combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce a device that implements the functions specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 The functions specified in a flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 The functions specified in a flow or multiple flows and / or blocks

[0101] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer- readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the Figure 1 function specified in the flow or flows and / or blocks Figure 1 of the block or blocks.

[0102] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the Figure 1 function specified in the flow or flows and / or blocks Figure 1 of the block or blocks.

[0103] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0104] The memory can include non-persistent memory and / or volatile memory, such as a random access memory (RAM) including a cache area for the temporary storage of data. The memory can also include non-volatile memory, such as read only memory (ROM), electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, or a combination of non-volatile memories in different forms. The memory is an example of computer readable storage media.

[0105] Computer readable media includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), electrically programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD), or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tapes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information accessible to a computing device. According to the definition herein, computer readable media does not include transitory media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0106] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising", "comprises" or other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0107] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present application, but not to limit it. Instead of the above, various modifications and changes can be made to the application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the application shall fall into the scope of the claims of the application.

Claims

1. A method for determining the load of a test string of a gas well, characterized in that, The method comprises: determining the node axial displacement of each test production pipe column unit in the test production pipe column; obtaining the structural parameters and environmental data of the gas well, the gas physical parameters in the gas well, and the node force and node displacement of the wellhead of the gas well; obtaining the unit length and unit stiffness of each test production pipe column unit; determining the initial axial force of each test production pipe column unit; determining the actual axial force of each test production pipe column unit according to the structural parameters, the environmental data, the gas physical parameters, the node force and node displacement of the wellhead, and the node axial displacement, the unit length, the unit stiffness, and the initial axial force of each test production pipe column unit; determining the first load value of each test production pipe column unit according to the actual axial force of each test production pipe column unit; obtaining the second load value of each test production pipe column unit, wherein the second load value is determined based on at least one of the temperature effect, the gravity effect, the bulging effect, the piston effect, the buckling effect, and the friction effect of each test production pipe column unit; determining the current axial load of each test production pipe column unit according to the first load value and the second load value of each test production pipe column; wherein the determination of the actual axial force of each test production pipe column unit according to the structural parameters, the environmental data, the gas physical parameters, the node force and node displacement of the wellhead, and the node axial displacement, the unit length, the unit stiffness, and the initial axial force of each test production pipe column unit comprises: generating the unit mass matrix, the unit elasticity matrix, and the unit stiffness matrix of each test production pipe column unit according to the structural parameters, the environmental data, and the unit length and unit stiffness of each test production pipe column unit; generating the node force column vector matrix of each test production pipe column unit according to the gas physical parameters; generating the initial condition according to the initial axial force and the node axial displacement of each test production pipe column unit; generating the boundary condition according to the node force and node displacement of the wellhead; generating the rotation angle control equation of each test production pipe column unit according to the unit mass matrix, the unit elasticity matrix, the unit stiffness matrix, and the node force column vector matrix of each test production pipe column unit; and determining the actual axial force of each test production pipe column unit according to the initial condition, the boundary condition, and the rotation angle control equation of each test production pipe column unit; the determination of the actual axial force of each test production pipe column unit according to the initial condition, the boundary condition, and the rotation angle control equation of each test production pipe column unit comprises: determining the node turning angle of each test production pipe column unit according to the initial condition, the boundary condition, and the rotation angle control equation of each test production pipe column unit; determining the coordinate change amount of each test unit pipe column in the three-dimensional space according to the node turning angle of each test production pipe column unit; and determining the actual axial force of each test production pipe column unit according to the coordinate change amount of each test unit pipe column; the determination of the initial axial force of each test production pipe column unit comprises the determination of the initial axial force according to formula (2): F a (z)= αEA T (z) (2) wherein, F a (z) is the initial axial force of the zth production string unit, α is the thermal expansion coefficient and is a constant, E is the modulus of elasticity of the zth production string unit, A is the cross-sectional area of the zth production string unit, T (z) is the temperature difference between the temperature of the zth production string unit and the atmospheric temperature.

2. The method for determining the load of a test string of a gas well according to claim 1, characterized in that, the determination of the coordinate change amount of each test unit pipe column in the three-dimensional space according to the node turning angle of each test production pipe column unit comprises the determination of the coordinate change amount according to formula (1): （1） wherein, is a coordinate change amount of the zth trial production pipe column unit in the positive direction of the x-axis in the three-dimensional space, and L is an axial length of the zth trial production pipe column unit, is a node turning angle of the zth trial production pipe column unit in the x-axis direction in the three-dimensional space, is a sine function of the node turning angle of the zth trial production pipe column unit in the x-axis direction in the three-dimensional space, is a coordinate change amount of the zth trial production pipe column unit in the positive direction of the y-axis in the three-dimensional space, is a node turning angle of the zth trial production pipe column unit in the y-axis direction in the three-dimensional space, is a sine function of the node turning angle of the zth trial production pipe column unit in the y-axis direction in the three-dimensional space, is a coordinate change amount of the zth trial production pipe column unit in the positive direction of the z-axis in the three-dimensional space, is a cosine function of the node turning angle of the zth trial production pipe column unit in the x-axis direction in the three-dimensional space, is a cosine function of the node turning angle of the zth trial production pipe column unit in the y-axis direction in the three-dimensional space.

3. The method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well of claim 1, wherein, The determining the nodal axial displacement at the upper and lower nodes of each flow string unit in the flow string column comprises: obtaining strain distribution data of a flow string column in a gas well; determining the nodal axial displacement of each flow string unit according to the strain distribution data and the unit length of each flow string unit in the flow string column.

4. The method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well of claim 1, wherein, The method further comprises: for any one flow string unit, judging whether the current axial load of the flow string unit is greater than a preset upper load safety threshold value; in the case that the current axial load of the flow string unit is less than the preset upper load safety threshold value, determining that the difference between the preset upper load safety threshold value and the current axial load of the flow string unit is the string safety margin; displaying the string safety margin through a visual interface.

5. The method for determining the load of a test production string of a gas well according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further comprises: in the case that the string safety margin is less than a preset value, generating a work instruction according to the string safety margin; performing a pressure boosting operation or a pressure relief operation on the gas well based on the work instruction.

6. An apparatus for determining the load of a test string of a gas well, characterized in that, comprise: a memory configured to store instructions; a processor configured to call the instructions from the memory and enable the method for determining the load of a flow string column of a gas well according to any one of claims 1 to 5 to be implemented when the instructions are executed.

7. A machine-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The machine readable storage medium has instructions stored thereon for causing a machine to perform the method for determining the load of a flow string column of a gas well according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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