Slag combing device and method for vertical shaft full-face heading machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a slag combing device and method for a vertical shaft full-face heading machine, and relates to the technical field of underground engineering. The cutter head is arranged at the bottom of the main supporting shaft and can rotate with the axis of the supporting shaft as the center. The slag scraping assembly is arranged in the cutter head, the slag scraping assembly can stretch out of the surface of the cutter head or retract into the cutter head through a driving device, and when the slag scraping assembly stretches out of the surface of the cutter head, the slag scraping assembly can conduct slag scraping operation on rock slag on the periphery of the surface of the cutter head along with rotation of the cutter head; the downward sliding efficiency of the rock slag on the excavation face can be improved, and the undesirable phenomena that the rock breaking efficiency is low and a hob of the vertical shaft heading machine is damaged due to secondary crushing of the rock slag in the rock breaking process of the vertical shaft heading machine are prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering, and in particular to a slag combing device and method for a vertical shaft full-section tunnel boring machine. Background Art

[0002] A shaft boring machine is a mechanical equipment specially used for vertical or inclined excavation of deep wells. It is widely used in the fields of mining development, tunnel construction and underground space utilization. Traditional shaft excavation methods usually use drilling and blasting and drilling methods. The efficiency of drilling and blasting has reached its upper limit, and the labor intensity is relatively high, while the drilling method is only suitable for soft rock and sandy soil layers. Shaft boring machines have many advantages such as high degree of mechanization and great potential for intelligence, and are the development direction of shaft construction technology. In order to achieve the smooth discharge of rock slag, the existing shaft full-section boring machines usually design the cutter head into a conical type. Under the action of gravity, the rock slag slides down along the excavation surface and collects the slag at the bottom of the excavation surface. In this way, since the rock slag falls naturally only by its own weight, its movement speed is slow, especially when the excavation surface is uneven or the excavation surface angle is small, the rock slag is very easy to be retained on the excavation surface, further hindering the subsequent rock breaking and slag discharge. It will also cause unnecessary additional wear on the shaft boring machine cutter. The mechanical equipment needs to be started and stopped frequently, which takes a lot of time and manpower to repair, seriously affecting the construction progress.

[0003] In summary, improving the efficiency of rock slag sliding down the excavation face is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a slag combing device and method for a full-section shaft tunneling machine to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, thereby improving the efficiency of rock slag sliding down on the excavation surface, preventing the secondary crushing of rock slag during the rock breaking process of the shaft tunneling machine, resulting in low rock breaking efficiency, damage to the shaft tunneling machine cutter and other adverse phenomena.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a slag combing device for a full-face tunnel boring machine in a vertical shaft, comprising a main support shaft, a cutter disc and a slag scraping assembly; wherein the cutter disc is arranged at the bottom of the main support shaft and can rotate around the axis of the support shaft; the slag scraping assembly is arranged in the cutter disc, and the slag scraping assembly can be extended from the surface of the cutter disc or retracted into the inside of the cutter disc through a driving device. When the slag scraping assembly extends from the surface of the cutter disc, it can scrape rock debris on the outer periphery of the surface of the cutter disc as the cutter disc rotates.

[0007] Preferably, two groups of scraping assemblies are arranged relatively on each of the cutter discs; the scraping assemblies include a motor, a transmission gear set and a slag brush, and a mounting slot is circumferentially arranged on the side wall of the cutter disc, the motor is arranged at the top of the mounting slot, and the motor drives the slag brush to rotate through the transmission gear set.

[0008] Preferably, the transmission gear set includes a gear box, a driving gear, a driven gear, a cover plate and a wing plate, the driving gear and the driven gear are meshed and arranged in the gear box, the cover plate is arranged on the top of the gear box, the motor is arranged on the top of the cover plate and connected to the driving gear, the wing plate is arranged on both sides of the gear box, and sliding grooves are radially opened on both sides of the top of the mounting slot, and the two wing plates are respectively inserted into the two sliding grooves and are slidably connected to the sliding grooves.

[0009] Preferably, the comb residue brush includes a first brush body and a second brush body, the top of the first brush body is connected to the driven gear, the bottom of the first brush body is connected to the second brush body via a constant velocity universal joint, the first brush body is vertically arranged, and the second brush body is inclined and has the same inclination angle as the lower outer wall of the cutter disc.

[0010] Preferably, the first brush body and the second brush body both include a slag rod and slag teeth, wherein the top of the slag rod of the first brush body is connected to the driven gear, and the bottom of the slag rod of the first brush body is connected to the top of the slag rod of the second brush body via a constant velocity universal joint, the slag rod is made of rigid material and has a diameter of 20-30 cm, the slag teeth are made of flexible material and have a length of 40-50 cm and a radius of 5 cm, a plurality of circles of slag teeth are arranged on the slag rod from top to bottom, each circle includes 6 to 8 slag teeth, and the vertical interval between two adjacent circles of slag teeth is 15-20 cm, and the inner end of each of the slag teeth is connected to the interface on the slag rod via a spherical buckle, and can be installed or removed by pressing.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a scraper plate, which is made of rigid material and has a thickness of 5 cm; the scraper plate includes a first plate body and a second plate body, the first plate body is arranged on the inner side of the first brush body and the top is connected to the gear box, the second plate body is connected to the bottom of the first plate body and is located on the inner side of the second brush body, scraper teeth are arranged on the inner sides of the first plate body and the second plate body, and the scraper teeth are staggered with the comb teeth on the comb brush.

[0012] Preferably, an internal slag collecting bucket is provided at the bottom of the cutter disc below the slag scraping assembly for collecting residual rock slag on the slag comb brush during the slag scraping operation.

[0013] Preferably, the driving device is a hydraulic cylinder, a cylinder end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the main support shaft, and a hydraulic rod end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the gear box.

[0014] Preferably, support shoes are respectively provided on both sides of the main support shaft, and generators and hydraulic pump stations are respectively installed on the two support shoes. The generators and hydraulic pump stations on the two support shoes provide power for the two groups of scraper assemblies respectively, wherein the generator is connected to the motor wire interface on one side of the motor through wires, and the hydraulic pump station is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through an oil pipeline.

[0015] Based on the above-mentioned slag combing device for a vertical shaft full-section tunnel boring machine, the present invention also provides a slag combing method for a vertical shaft full-section tunnel boring machine, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: The full-face tunnel boring machine in the vertical shaft is driven downward by the main drive mechanism of the cutterhead to break the rock. During this process, part of the rock debris produced by breaking the rock will slide to the bottom of the cutterhead under the action of its own gravity and the inclination angle of the cutterhead;

[0017] S2: After rock breaking lasts for 25 to 30 minutes, the cutterhead stops rotating. After a 3-5 minute rest, the drive device starts working, driving the scraper assembly to extend out of the cutterhead surface.

[0018] S3: After the scraping assembly is extended, wait for 3-5 minutes to observe whether the working condition of the tunnel boring machine is normal. After confirming that everything is normal, start the rotation of the cutter head and the self-rotation of the slag brush to start the scraping operation, so that the rock debris remaining on the outer periphery of the cutter head surface can slide down to the bottom of the cutter head with the help of the slag teeth of the slag brush;

[0019] S4: After the slag removal operation lasts for 10 to 20 minutes, the slag brush and the cutterhead stop rotating, and the machine is left to stand for 3 to 5 minutes to observe whether the working condition of the roadheader is normal. After confirming that the working condition is normal, the drive device is operated to drive the slag scraper assembly to retract into the cutterhead;

[0020] S5: Under the action of the combing brush, the rock debris produced by rock breaking will slide down to the bottom of the cutter head, and some of the rock debris remaining on the combing brush will be collected by the scraping plate into the slag collecting bucket inside the cutter head;

[0021] S6: After the scraper assembly is retracted, wait for 3-5 minutes to observe whether the tunnel boring machine is working normally. After confirming that everything is normal, start the cutter head to rotate and use the roller to break the rock. Repeat the above five steps.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0023] The slag combing device and method for a vertical shaft full-section tunnel boring machine of the present invention realizes effective slag scraping of the cutter disc when the tunnel boring machine is operating by means of a slag scraping assembly on the cutter disc, so that rock slag will not be retained on the excavation surface, and secondary crushing of rock slag during the rock breaking process of the vertical shaft tunnel boring machine, resulting in low rock breaking efficiency, damage to the cutter of the vertical shaft tunnel boring machine, and other undesirable phenomena. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slag combing device of the vertical shaft full-section tunnel boring machine in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the scraping assembly in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the comb residue brush in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the combing teeth and the combing rod in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the transmission gear set in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transmission gear set in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the scraper plate in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the scraping assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the scraping assembly of the present invention being retracted into the cutter disc;

[0034] In the figure: 1. Main support shaft; 2. Support shoe; 3. Slag scraper assembly; 4. Cutter head; 5. Hydraulic pump station; 6. Generator; 7. Gear set; 8. Slag brush; 9. Constant velocity universal joint; 10. Slag scraper plate; 11. Internal slag collecting bucket; 12. Slag combing rod; 13. Slag combing teeth; 14. Ball buckle; 15. Interface; 16. Cover plate; 17. Bolt; 18. Driving gear; 19. Driven gear; 20. Motor; 21. Motor wire interface; 22. Wing plate; 23. Hydraulic cylinder; 24. Slag scraper teeth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a slag combing device and method for a vertical shaft full-face tunneling machine to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0037] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] The slag combing device and method of the vertical shaft full-section tunnel boring machine in this embodiment are as follows: Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, it includes a main support shaft 1, a cutter disc 4 and a scraper assembly 3; wherein the cutter disc 4 is arranged at the bottom of the main support shaft 1, and can rotate around the axis of the support shaft; the scraper assembly 3 is arranged in the cutter disc 4, and the scraper assembly 3 can be extended from the surface of the cutter disc 4 or retracted into the inside of the cutter disc 4 through a driving device. When the scraper assembly 3 extends from the surface of the cutter disc 4, it can scrape the rock debris on the outer periphery of the surface of the cutter disc 4 as the cutter disc 4 rotates.

[0039] In this specific embodiment, the cutter disc 4 is a cone or a truncated cone structure, and two groups of scraper assemblies 3 are relatively arranged on each cutter disc 4; the scraper assembly 3 includes a motor 20, a transmission gear set 7 and a slag brush 8, and a mounting groove is circumferentially arranged on the side wall of the cutter disc 4. The motor 20 is arranged at the top of the mounting groove, and the motor 20 drives the slag brush 8 to rotate through the transmission gear set 7.

[0040] In this specific embodiment, the transmission gear set 7 includes a gear box, a driving gear 18, a driven gear 19, a cover plate 16 and a wing plate 22. The driving gear 18 and the driven gear 19 are meshed and arranged in the gear box. The cover plate 16 is installed on the top of the gear box by bolts 17. The arrangement of the gear box and the cover plate 16 can prevent the gears from being damaged by falling slag when working; the motor 20 is arranged on the top of the cover plate 16 and connected to the driving gear 18, and the wing plates 22 are arranged on both sides of the gear box. Slide grooves are opened radially on both sides of the top of the installation slot, and the two wing plates 22 are respectively inserted into the two slide grooves and slidably connected with the slide grooves.

[0041] In this specific embodiment, the comb residue brush 8 includes a first brush body and a second brush body. The top of the first brush body is connected to the driven gear 19, and the bottom of the first brush body is connected to the second brush body through a constant velocity universal joint 9. The first brush body is vertically arranged, and the second brush body is inclined and has the same inclination angle as the lower outer wall of the blade disc 4.

[0042] In this specific embodiment, the first brush body and the second brush body both include a slag rod 12 and slag teeth 13, wherein the top of the slag rod 12 of the first brush body is connected to the driven gear 19, and the bottom of the slag rod 12 of the first brush body is connected to the top of the slag rod 12 of the second brush body through a constant velocity universal joint 9, the slag rod 12 is made of rigid material, with a diameter of 20-30 cm, the slag teeth 13 are made of flexible material, with a length of 40-50 cm and a radius of 5 cm, and multiple circles of slag teeth 13 are arranged on the slag rod 12 from top to bottom, each circle includes 6 to 8 slag teeth 13, and the vertical interval between two adjacent circles of slag teeth 13 is 15-20 cm, and the inner end of each slag tooth 13 is connected to the interface 15 on the slag rod 12 through a spherical buckle 14, and can be installed or removed by pressing.

[0043] In this specific embodiment, a scraper plate 10 is also included. The scraper plate 10 is made of rigid material and has a thickness of 5 cm. The scraper plate 10 includes a first plate body and a second plate body. The first plate body is arranged on the inner side of the first brush body and the top is connected to the gear box. The second plate body is connected to the bottom of the first plate body and is located on the inner side of the second brush body. Scraping teeth 24 are arranged on the inner sides of the first plate body and the second plate body. The scraping teeth 24 are staggered with the combing teeth 13 on the combing brush 8.

[0044] In this specific embodiment, an internal slag collecting bucket 11 is provided at the bottom of the cutter disc 4 below the scraping assembly 3 for collecting residual rock slag on the scraping brush 8 during the scraping operation.

[0045] In this specific embodiment, the driving device is a hydraulic cylinder 23, the cylinder end of the hydraulic cylinder 23 is hinged on the main support shaft 1, and the hydraulic rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 23 is hinged on the gear box.

[0046] In this specific embodiment, two sides of the main support shaft 1 are provided with grippers 2, and two grippers 2 are respectively installed with generators 6 and hydraulic pump stations 5, and the generators 6 and hydraulic pump stations 5 on the two grippers 2 provide power for two groups of scraper assemblies 3, wherein the generator 6 is connected to the motor wire interface 21 on one side of the motor 20 through wires, and the hydraulic pump station 5 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 23 through an oil pipeline. When scraper operation is required, the hydraulic pump injects high-pressure fluid into the hydraulic cylinder 23 through the oil pipeline, and the hydraulic rod at the front end will extend outward under the action of pressure, driving the scraper assembly 3 to extend out of the surface of the cutter disc 4, and the slag brush 8 performs scraper operation under the coordinated action of self-rotation and self-rotation of the cutter disc 4; when the scraper operation is completed, the hydraulic pump sucks out the high-pressure fluid in the hydraulic cylinder 23, and the hydraulic rod retracts, driving the scraper assembly 3 to retract into the inside of the cutter disc 4.

[0047] This embodiment also provides a slag combing method for a vertical shaft full-section tunnel boring machine, which uses the above-mentioned slag combing device for a vertical shaft full-section tunnel boring machine, and includes the following steps:

[0048] S1: The full-face tunnel boring machine in the vertical shaft is driven downward by the main drive mechanism of the cutterhead 4 to break the rock. During this process, part of the rock debris generated by the rock breaking will slide to the bottom of the cutterhead 4 under the action of its own gravity and the inclination angle of the cutterhead 4;

[0049] S2: After rock breaking lasts for 25 to 30 minutes, the cutter head 4 stops rotating. After a 3-5 minute rest, the driving device starts working, driving the scraper assembly 3 to extend out of the surface of the cutter head 4.

[0050] S3: After the scraper assembly 3 is extended, stand for 3-5 minutes to observe whether the working condition of the tunnel boring machine is normal. After confirming that everything is normal, start the rotation of the cutterhead 4 and the self-rotation of the slag brush 8 to start the scraper operation, so that the rock slag remaining on the outer periphery of the cutterhead 4 can slide down to the bottom of the cutterhead 4 with the help of the slag combing teeth 13 of the slag combing brush 8;

[0051] S4: After the slag removal operation lasts for 10 to 20 minutes, the slag brush 8 stops rotating, the cutter head 4 stops rotating, and the machine is left to stand for 3 to 5 minutes to observe whether the working condition of the tunnel boring machine is normal. After confirming that the working condition is normal, the driving device is operated to drive the slag scraping assembly 3 to retract into the cutter head 4;

[0052] S5: Under the action of the slag brush 8, the rock slag produced by rock breaking will slide down into the bottom of the cutter head 4, and some of the rock slag remaining on the slag brush 8 will be collected into the slag collecting bucket 11 inside the cutter head 4 through the scraper plate 10.

[0053] S6: After the scraper assembly 3 is retracted, wait for 3-5 minutes to observe whether the working condition of the tunnel boring machine is normal. After confirming that everything is normal, start the cutter head 4 to rotate and perform rock breaking by roller cutter. Repeat the above five steps.

[0054] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A slag combing device for a vertical shaft full-section tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: It includes a main support shaft, a cutter disc and a scraper assembly; wherein the cutter disc is arranged at the bottom of the main support shaft and can rotate around the axis of the support shaft; the scraper assembly is arranged in the cutter disc, and the scraper assembly can be extended from the surface of the cutter disc or retracted into the inside of the cutter disc through a driving device. When the scraper assembly extends from the surface of the cutter disc, it can scrape the rock debris on the outer periphery of the surface of the cutter disc as the cutter disc rotates.

2. The slag combing device for a vertical shaft full-face tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of scraping assemblies are arranged opposite to each other on the blade disc; the scraping assemblies include a motor, a transmission gear set and a slag brush, and a mounting slot is arranged on the side wall of the blade disc along the circumference, the motor is arranged at the top of the mounting slot, and the motor drives the slag brush to rotate through the transmission gear set.

3. The slag combing device of the vertical shaft full-face tunnel boring machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The transmission gear set includes a gear box, a driving gear, a driven gear, a cover plate and a wing plate. The driving gear and the driven gear are meshed and arranged in the gear box. The cover plate is arranged on the top of the gear box. The motor is arranged on the top of the cover plate and connected to the driving gear. The wing plate is arranged on both sides of the gear box. Slide grooves are radially opened on both sides of the top of the mounting notch. The two wing plates are respectively inserted into the two slide grooves and are slidably connected to the slide grooves.

4. The slag combing device for a vertical shaft full-face tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The comb residue brush includes a first brush body and a second brush body, the top of the first brush body is connected to the driven gear, the bottom of the first brush body is connected to the second brush body through a constant velocity universal joint, the first brush body is vertically arranged, and the second brush body is inclined and has the same inclination angle as the outer wall of the lower part of the cutter disc.

5. The slag combing device of a vertical shaft full-face tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first brush body and the second brush body both include a slag rod and slag teeth, wherein the top of the slag rod of the first brush body is connected to the driven gear, and the bottom of the slag rod of the first brush body is connected to the top of the slag rod of the second brush body via a constant velocity universal joint, the slag rod is made of a rigid material with a diameter of 20-30 cm, the slag teeth are made of a flexible material with a length of 40-50 cm and a radius of 5 cm, a plurality of circles of slag teeth are arranged on the slag rod from top to bottom, each circle includes 6 to 8 slag teeth, and the vertical interval between two adjacent circles of slag teeth is 15-20 cm, and the inner end of each of the slag teeth is connected to the interface on the slag rod via a spherical buckle, and can be installed or removed by pressing.

6. The slag combing device of a vertical shaft full-face tunnel boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a scraper plate, which is made of rigid material and has a thickness of 5 cm; the scraper plate includes a first plate body and a second plate body, the first plate body is arranged on the inner side of the first brush body and the top is connected to the gear box, the second plate body is connected to the bottom of the first plate body and is located on the inner side of the second brush body, and scraper teeth are arranged on the inner sides of the first plate body and the second plate body, and the scraper teeth are staggered with the comb teeth on the comb brush.

7. The slag combing device for a vertical shaft full-face tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An internal slag collecting bucket is provided at the bottom of the cutter disc below the slag scraping assembly for collecting residual rock slag on the slag comb brush during the slag scraping operation.

8. The slag combing device of a vertical shaft full-face tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving device is a hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder body end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the main support shaft, and the hydraulic rod end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the gear box.

9. The slag combing device of a vertical shaft full-face tunnel boring machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: Support shoes are respectively arranged on both sides of the main support shaft, and generators and hydraulic pump stations are respectively installed on the two support shoes. The generators and hydraulic pump stations on the two support shoes provide power for two groups of scraper assemblies respectively, wherein the generator is connected to the motor wire interface on one side of the motor through wires, and the hydraulic pump station is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through an oil pipeline.

10. A slag combing method for a full-section vertical shaft boring machine, using the slag combing device for a full-section vertical shaft boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The full-face tunnel boring machine in the vertical shaft is driven downward by the main drive mechanism of the cutterhead to break the rock. During this process, part of the rock debris produced by breaking the rock will slide to the bottom of the cutterhead under the action of its own gravity and the inclination angle of the cutterhead; S2: After rock breaking lasts for 25 to 30 minutes, the cutterhead stops rotating. After a 3-5 minute rest, the drive device starts working, driving the scraper assembly to extend out of the cutterhead surface. S3: After the scraping assembly is extended, wait for 3-5 minutes to observe whether the working condition of the tunnel boring machine is normal. After confirming that everything is normal, start the rotation of the cutter head and the self-rotation of the slag brush to start the scraping operation, so that the rock debris remaining on the outer periphery of the cutter head surface can slide down to the bottom of the cutter head with the help of the slag teeth of the slag brush; S4: After the slag removal operation lasts for 10 to 20 minutes, the slag brush and the cutterhead stop rotating, and the machine is left to stand for 3 to 5 minutes to observe whether the working condition of the roadheader is normal. After confirming that the working condition is normal, the drive device is operated to drive the slag scraper assembly to retract into the cutterhead; S5: Under the action of the combing brush, the rock debris produced by rock breaking will slide down to the bottom of the cutter head, and some of the rock debris remaining on the combing brush will be collected by the scraping plate into the slag collecting bucket inside the cutter head; S6: After the scraper assembly is retracted, wait for 3-5 minutes to observe whether the tunnel boring machine is working normally. After confirming that everything is normal, start the cutter head to rotate and use the roller to break the rock. Repeat the above five steps.

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