Contact measurement method

Abstract

The application relates to a contact measurement method, which comprises the following steps: arranging a plurality of first temporary control points on the ground near a primary network control point, near the wellhead of a first well, on the ground between the primary network control point and the wellhead of the first well, on the sidewall of the first well and at the connection between the first well and each layer of the ground; arranging a plurality of first measurement stations in a first measurement direction, and the first measurement stations are arranged on the ground, the sidewall of the first well and the connection between the first well and each layer of the ground; measuring the position data of the primary network control point, the first temporary control points and the first underground starting points of each layer of the ground at the first measurement stations by using a tracking instrument; and determining the coordinates of the first underground starting points of each layer of the ground according to the position data measured by the tracking instrument at the first measurement stations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of contact measurement, and more particularly to a contact measurement method. Background Art

[0002] In underground engineering, in order to establish a unified coordinate system and elevation benchmark between the ground and underground, the ground coordinate system and elevation benchmark are transferred to the underground through tunnels, inclined shafts and vertical shafts. This transfer of underground starting data is called connection measurement.

[0003] Traditional inter-connection surveying is divided into planar inter-connection surveying and elevation inter-connection surveying. Planar inter-connection surveying utilizes geometric orientation and gyro-theodolite orientation to determine the coordinates of the first underground starting point and the azimuth of the starting edge. Elevation inter-connection surveying utilizes methods such as long steel rulers, long steel wires, photoelectric rangefinders, and vertical distance measurement to achieve elevation transfer. Planar inter-connection surveying requires setting up a support at the wellhead and hanging a plumb wire for measurement. Given the high accuracy requirements of the hard-wired control network, the need for underground stakeout measurement after inter-connection surveying, and the inconvenience of setting up a support on-site, traditional inter-connection surveying cannot meet these requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a contact measurement method to achieve high-precision contact measurement and reduce measurement complexity.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a connection measurement method for transferring the coordinates of a primary network control point on the ground to at least one underground layer, wherein a first shaft and lane for communicating with each underground layer is provided on the ground, and each underground layer has a first underground starting point. The connection measurement method comprises:

[0006] A plurality of first temporary control points are respectively set on the ground near the primary network control point, on the ground near the wellhead of the first shaft and lane, on the ground between the primary network control point and the wellhead of the first shaft and lane, on the side wall of the first shaft and lane, and at the connection between the first shaft and lane and each underground layer;

[0007] The extending direction from the primary network control point to the wellhead of the first shaft and the wellhead of the first shaft to the bottom of the shaft is taken as the first measurement direction. A plurality of first measurement stations are sequentially arranged along the first measurement direction. The first measurement stations are respectively located on the ground, the side wall of the first shaft and the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer.

[0008] A tracker is used to measure the position data of the primary network control point, each first temporary control point and the first underground starting point of each underground layer at each first measuring station, and the coordinates of the first underground starting point of each underground layer are determined based on the position data measured by the tracker at each first measuring station to transfer the coordinates of the primary network control point to each underground layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the same point measured by the tracker at two adjacent first measurement stations is used as a common point, and each first measurement station is configured so that the tracker can measure the primary network control point at at least one of the first measurement stations, and the tracker can measure multiple common points at any two adjacent first measurement stations.

[0010] Furthermore, each first measurement station is respectively located on the ground, the side wall of the first shaft and the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the first temporary control points located near the wellhead of the first shaft are evenly arranged around the wellhead of the first shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the distance between any two adjacent first temporary control points on the ground between the primary network control point and the wellhead of the first shaft lane is the same.

[0013] Furthermore, the tracker measures position data of a first underground starting point of each underground layer at a first measurement station located at a connection between the first shaft and each underground layer.

[0014] Furthermore, there are at least four common points between any two adjacent first measuring stations.

[0015] Furthermore, determining the coordinates of the first underground starting point of each underground layer based on the position data measured by the tracker at each first measurement station specifically includes:

[0016] The position data measured by the tracker at each first measurement station is processed in a unified spatial measurement network to unify the primary network control point, each first temporary control point and the first underground starting point of each underground layer in the same coordinate system.

[0017] Furthermore, target seats are provided at the first-level network control point, the first temporary control point and the first underground starting point, and reflective balls are provided on the target seats.

[0018] Furthermore, a second shaft is provided on the ground, the second shaft is connected to each underground layer respectively, each underground layer has a second underground starting point, the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer is connected to the connection between the second shaft and the underground layer through a connecting passage, and the connection measurement method further includes:

[0019] The extending direction from the primary network control point to the wellhead of the second shaft lane and from the wellhead of the second shaft lane to the well bottom is used as a second measurement direction, a plurality of second temporary control points and a plurality of second measurement stations are sequentially set along the second measurement direction, and a first measurement value of the coordinates of the second underground starting point of each underground layer is determined based on the position data of the primary network control point, each second temporary control point, and each second underground starting point measured by the tracker at the plurality of second measurement stations;

[0020] a plurality of third temporary control points and a plurality of third measuring stations are sequentially arranged at intervals on a connecting passage between a connection point of the first shaft and each underground layer and a connection point of the second shaft and the underground layer, and a second measurement value of the coordinates of the second underground starting point of the underground layer is determined based on position data of the first underground starting point of the underground layer, each temporary control point, and the second underground starting point of the underground layer measured at each third measuring station using a tracker;

[0021] Calculate the error between the first measurement value and the second measurement value, and determine whether the error meets a preset accuracy requirement.

[0022] The linked measurement method of the present invention sets up multiple measurement stations so that the tracker can perform station-to-station measurement. Coordinates are transferred through common points between adjacent measurement stations, thereby enabling the tracker to be applied to linked measurement and achieving long-distance, high-precision measurement in linked measurement. The position and number of each measurement station can be freely set as needed. Therefore, the measurement method of the present invention can set up the tracker according to the on-site construction environment, reducing the impact of the on-site environment on the measurement, thereby reducing measurement complexity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a contact measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and described in detail.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a connection measurement method for transferring the coordinates of a primary network control point on the ground to at least one underground layer. A first shaft is provided on the ground, and the first shaft is used to communicate with at least one underground layer. Each underground layer has a first underground starting point. The connection measurement method includes the following steps:

[0026] S100: A plurality of first temporary control points are respectively set on the ground near the first-level network control point, on the ground near the wellhead of the first shaft and tunnel, on the ground between the first-level network control point and the wellhead of the first shaft and tunnel, on the side wall of the first shaft and tunnel, and at the connection between the first shaft and tunnel and each underground layer.

[0027] Primary network control points are a series of highly accurate, fixed points with known coordinates used to determine the measurement position and direction during a continuous survey. These fixed points are the foundation of the survey, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the entire measurement process. Primary network control points are typically pre-determined using high-precision measurement methods to ensure the accuracy of their coordinates. They are also stable over time and are not easily affected by external factors.

[0028] The first temporary control point is used to transfer the coordinates of the first-level network control point to the first underground starting point of each underground layer. Its position can be set as needed. In theory, the more the number of first temporary control points, the higher the measurement accuracy, but correspondingly, the greater the computational workload. Therefore, the number of first temporary control points needs to be considered in combination with accuracy and computational workload. For example, 10 first temporary control points can be set near the first-level network control point and near the wellhead (for example, they can be evenly set around the wellhead), 6 first temporary control points are set every 8 meters on the ground between the first-level network control point and the wellhead, 12 first temporary control points are set at the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer, and a total of 12 temporary control points are set on the side wall of the first shaft and evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0029] In some embodiments, the first shaft may include a vertical shaft and / or an inclined shaft and / or an adit.

[0030] S200: Taking the extending direction from the primary network control point to the wellhead of the first shaft and the wellhead of the first shaft to the well bottom as the first measurement direction, and sequentially setting a plurality of first measurement stations at intervals along the first measurement direction.

[0031] The first measurement station is used to allow the tracker to measure the positions of the primary network control point and / or each first temporary control point and / or the first underground starting point of each underground layer, thereby associating each first temporary control point and the first underground starting point of each underground layer with the primary network control point. Each first measurement station can be located on the ground, on the sidewall of the first shaft, and at the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer. For example, multiple first measurement stations can be sequentially arranged on the ground between the primary network control point and the wellhead of the first shaft, multiple first measurement stations can be sequentially arranged on the sidewall of the first shaft from top to bottom, and a first measurement station can be arranged at the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer.

[0032] S300: Use a tracker to measure the position data of the primary network control point, each first temporary control point and the first underground starting point of each underground layer at each first measuring station, and determine the coordinates of the first underground starting point of each underground layer based on the position data measured by the tracker at each first measuring station to transfer the coordinates of the primary network control point to each underground layer.

[0033] In some embodiments, the same point measured by the tracker at two adjacent first measurement stations is used as a common point. Each first measurement station is configured so that the tracker can measure the primary network control point at at least one of the first measurement stations, and the tracker can measure multiple common points at any two adjacent first measurement stations. For example, assuming that the first measurement stations arranged in sequence along the first measurement direction are A1, A2, A3...Am, Am+1...An, where m and n are both positive integers, 3 <m<n,即地面上和第一井巷中共设置n个第一测量站,其中m个设置在地面,n-m个设置在第一井巷中,可使跟踪仪在第一测量站A1测量首级网控制点和部分第一临时控制点,然后使跟踪仪在第一测量站A2测量部分第一临时控制点,跟踪仪在第一测量站A3测量部分第一临时控制点,以此类推,跟踪仪在第一测量站Am也测量部分第一临时控制点,跟踪仪在Am+1至An则测量部分第一临时控制点和第一地下起始点;其中跟踪仪在A2和A1测量的第一临时控制点有多个相同,即有多个公共点(例如至少为四个),由于跟踪仪在第一测量站A1可测得首级网控制点和公共点分别与第一测量站A1之间的距离,而首级网控制点的坐标为已知的,由此可以得到跟踪仪在A1测量的各第一临时控制点的坐标,包括A1和A2的公共点的坐标,同理,根据A1和A2的公共点的坐标和跟踪仪在A2测量的各第一临时控制点与A2的距离,可以得到跟踪仪在A2测量的除A1和A2的公共点外的其余第一临时控制点的坐标,以此类推,通过跟踪仪在相邻两测量站测量的公共点将首级网控制点沿第一测量方向依次传递,并可求出所有第一临时控制点和所有第一地下起始点的坐标,即,可得到地下的每一层的第一地下起始点的坐标。Am+1至An中至少部分分别设置在地下的每一层与第一井巷的连接处,跟踪仪在设于地下的每一层与第一井巷的连接处的第一测量站可测量到地下的该层的第一地下起始点。

[0034] The location and number of the first measurement stations can be freely set as needed, as long as the tracker can measure multiple common points at adjacent first measurement stations. Therefore, the measurement method of the present invention can set up the tracker according to the on-site construction environment, reducing the impact of the on-site environment on the measurement, thereby reducing the measurement complexity.

[0035] In some embodiments, Spatial Analyzer software can be used to process the data measured by the tracker at each first measurement station, such as performing USMN (Unified Spatial Measurement Network) processing, so as to unify the first-level network control points, each first temporary control point and the first underground starting point of each underground layer in one coordinate system. The USMN processing method is well known in the art and will not be repeated here.

[0036] In some embodiments, target seats may be set at the primary network control point, the first temporary control point, and the first underground starting point, and the reflective ball of the tracker may be placed on the target seats, so that each point can be measured by the tracker.

[0037] Trackers have high requirements for their measurement environment, and the environment used for continuous measurement is relatively harsh. Harsh environments such as on-site construction vibrations, temperature fluctuations, and light pollution can interfere with the tracker's measurements, affecting the results. To address this issue, the measurement method of the present invention is preferably performed when the environment is less harsh, such as at night to avoid the effects of construction vibrations and light pollution. Furthermore, measurements can be completed quickly, minimizing the impact of temperature fluctuations. While trackers offer high accuracy, their measurement range is limited. The measurement method of the present invention utilizes multiple measurement stations for transfer measurement, transferring coordinates through common points between adjacent measurement stations. This allows trackers to be applied to continuous measurement, achieving long-distance, high-precision measurements in continuous measurement.

[0038] In some embodiments, a second shaft may be provided on the ground, the second shaft being connected to each underground layer respectively, each underground layer also having a second underground starting point, the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer being connected to the connection between the second shaft and the underground layer via a connecting passage, and the connection measurement method may further include the following steps:

[0039] S400: Using the extension direction from the primary network control point to the wellhead of the second shaft and the extension direction from the wellhead of the second shaft to the well bottom as the second measurement direction, sequentially setting a plurality of second temporary control points and a plurality of second measurement stations along the second measurement direction, using the position data of the primary network control point, each second temporary control point, and each second underground starting point measured by the tracker at the plurality of second measurement stations, to transfer the coordinates of the primary network control point to the second underground starting point of each underground layer, thereby obtaining a first measurement value of the coordinates of the second underground starting point of each underground layer;

[0040] S500: a plurality of third temporary control points and a plurality of third measuring stations are sequentially arranged at intervals on a connecting passage between a connection between the first shaft and each underground layer and a connection between the second shaft and the underground layer. Position data of a first underground starting point of the underground layer, each temporary control point, and a second underground starting point of the underground layer measured by a tracker at each third measuring station are used to transfer the coordinates of the first underground starting point of the underground layer to the second underground starting point of the underground layer, thereby obtaining a second measured value of the coordinates of the second underground starting point of the underground layer.

[0041] S600: Calculate the error between the first measurement value and the second measurement value, and determine whether the error meets a preset accuracy requirement.

[0042] In step S400, the method for measuring the coordinates of the second underground starting point of each underground layer using the tracker and the second shaft is the same as the method for measuring the coordinates of the first underground starting point of each underground layer using the tracker and the first shaft. For details, see steps S100-S300. In step S500, the method for transferring the coordinates of the first underground starting point to the second underground starting point by performing transfer measurements at multiple third measurement stations using the tracker is the same as the method for transferring the coordinates of the primary network control point to the first underground starting point described above, and will not be repeated here. Since the coordinates of the first underground starting point are derived based on the coordinates of the primary network control point, the first measurement value is also derived based on the coordinates of the primary network control point, and the second measurement value is derived from the coordinates of the first underground starting point. In theory, the first measurement value obtained by transferring the coordinates of the primary network control point to the second underground starting point should be the same as the second measurement value obtained by transferring the coordinates of the first underground starting point to the second underground starting point. Due to inherent measurement errors, the first and second measurement values ​​cannot be exactly the same, but the error between them should be very small. Therefore, by comparing the errors between the first and second measurement values, the accuracy of the measurement results can be determined. Specifically, if the error between the two meets the preset accuracy requirement, that is, the error is small, it indicates that the first measurement value of the coordinates of the first underground starting point and the coordinates of the second underground starting point are accurate. If the error between the two does not meet the preset accuracy requirement, that is, the error is too large, it indicates that at least one of the first measurement values ​​of the coordinates of the first underground starting point and the second underground starting point is inaccurate, and it is necessary to re-measure until the preset accuracy requirement is met. For example, after obtaining the first measurement value and the second measurement value, the coordinate values ​​of the corresponding coordinate axes of the first measurement value and the second measurement value can be subtracted, and the root mean square of the difference between the coordinate values ​​of each coordinate axis can be calculated. If the root mean square is less than 0.1 mm, it indicates that the preset accuracy requirement is met. Otherwise, the preset accuracy requirement is not met.

[0043] In some embodiments, the second shaft may include a vertical shaft and / or an inclined shaft and / or a tunnel.

[0044] The contact measurement method of the embodiment of the present application sets multiple measurement stations to make the tracking instrument perform station transfer measurement, and realizes the transmission of coordinates through the common points between adjacent measurement stations, so that the tracking instrument can be applied to contact measurement, and long-distance and high-precision measurement in contact measurement is realized; the positions and quantities of the measurement stations can be freely set according to needs, so that the measurement method of the present application can erect the tracking instrument according to the on-site construction environment, reduces the influence of the on-site environment on measurement, and thus reduces the measurement complexity.

[0045] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, not to limit the scope of the present application, the above embodiment of the present application can also be made various changes. That is, the simple, equivalent changes and modifications made according to the content of the claims and description of the present application, all fall within the scope of the claims of the present application. The present application is not described in detail, all are conventional technical content.

Claims

1. A contact measurement method, characterized in that: The method is used to transfer the coordinates of the primary network control point on the ground to at least one underground layer, wherein the ground is provided with a first shaft and lane for communicating with each of the underground layers, and each of the underground layers has a first underground starting point. The method comprises: A plurality of first temporary control points are respectively set on the ground near the primary network control point, on the ground near the wellhead of the first shaft and lane, on the ground between the primary network control point and the wellhead of the first shaft and lane, on the side wall of the first shaft and lane, and at the connection between the first shaft and lane and each underground layer; The extending direction from the primary network control point to the wellhead of the first shaft and the wellhead of the first shaft to the bottom of the shaft is taken as the first measurement direction. A plurality of first measurement stations are sequentially arranged along the first measurement direction. The first measurement stations are respectively located on the ground, the side wall of the first shaft and the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer. Using a tracker to measure position data of the primary network control point, each first temporary control point, and the first underground starting point of each underground layer at each first measurement station, and determining the coordinates of the first underground starting point of each underground layer based on the position data measured by the tracker at each first measurement station, so as to transmit the coordinates of the primary network control point to each underground layer; Determining the coordinates of the first underground starting point of each underground layer based on the position data measured by the tracker at each first measurement station specifically includes: Performing unified spatial measurement network processing on the position data measured by the tracker at each first measurement station to unify the primary network control point, each first temporary control point, and the first underground starting point of each underground layer in the same coordinate system; The first-level network control point, the first temporary control point and the first underground starting point are all provided with a target seat, and the target seat is provided with a reflective ball; A second shaft is provided on the ground, and the second shaft is connected to each underground layer respectively. Each underground layer has a second underground starting point. The connection between the first shaft and each underground layer is connected to the connection between the second shaft and the underground layer via a connecting passage. The connection measurement method further includes: The extending direction from the primary network control point to the wellhead of the second shaft lane and from the wellhead of the second shaft lane to the well bottom is used as a second measurement direction, a plurality of second temporary control points and a plurality of second measurement stations are sequentially set along the second measurement direction, and a first measurement value of the coordinates of the second underground starting point of each underground layer is determined based on the position data of the primary network control point, each second temporary control point, and each second underground starting point measured by the tracker at the plurality of second measurement stations; a plurality of third temporary control points and a plurality of third measuring stations are sequentially arranged at intervals on a connecting passage between a connection point of the first shaft and each underground layer and a connection point of the second shaft and the underground layer, and a second measurement value of the coordinates of the second underground starting point of the underground layer is determined based on position data of the first underground starting point of the underground layer, each temporary control point, and the second underground starting point of the underground layer measured at each third measuring station using a tracker; Calculate the error between the first measurement value and the second measurement value, and determine whether the error meets a preset accuracy requirement.

2. The contact measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The same point measured by the tracker at two adjacent first measurement stations is used as a common point. Each first measurement station is configured so that the tracker can measure the primary network control point at at least one of the first measurement stations, and the tracker can measure multiple common points at any two adjacent first measurement stations.

3. The contact measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first measuring stations are respectively located on the ground, the side wall of the first shaft and the connection between the first shaft and each underground layer.

4. The contact measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first temporary control points located near the wellhead of the first shaft are evenly arranged around the wellhead of the first shaft.

5. The contact measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between any two adjacent first temporary control points on the ground between the first-level network control point and the wellhead of the first shaft lane is the same.

6. The contact measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tracker measures position data of a first underground starting point of each underground layer at a first measurement station located at a connection between the first shaft and the underground layer.

7. The contact measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least four common points between any two adjacent first measuring stations.

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