A thermal expansion gap adjustment structure and a high temperature turbine
By setting a thermal expansion gap adjustment structure in the static vane bearing cylinder of the high-temperature turbine, the gap is dynamically adjusted by using the thermal expansion effect of the expansion sheet, the problem of the gap in the high-temperature turbine deviating from the design value is solved, and mechanical efficiency and operating stability are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411965000.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-04
AI Technical Summary
In high-temperature turbines, due to the difference in thermal inertia of parts, the gap between the moving blade and the static blade bearing cylinder is prone to deviate from the design value, resulting in low mechanical efficiency, increased noise and damage to the moving blade, affecting the operating stability.
The thermal expansion gap adjustment structure is adopted, by providing a first groove and a second groove communicating with each other in the static vane cylinder, and a detachable connection is achieved between the annular member and the expansion sheet, the gap is dynamically adjusted by using the thermal expansion effect of the expansion sheet to prevent the gap from being too large or too small.
Effectively prevent gaps from deviating from design values, improve the mechanical efficiency and operating stability of high-temperature turbines, reduce the risk of noise and boreal damage, and improve the diversity and versatility of adjustments through replaceable expansion sheets and rings.
Smart Images
Figure CN119754871A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a high-temperature turbine, and in particular to a thermal expansion gap adjustment structure and a high-temperature turbine. Background Art
[0002] High-temperature turbines are a type of turbomachinery that can withstand and operate effectively in high-temperature environments, including steam turbines, compressors, etc.
[0003] The relevant high-temperature turbine generally includes components such as rotors, moving blades and stationary blade bearing cylinders. However, due to the difference in thermal inertia of the relevant components, it is easy for the gap between the moving blades and the stationary blade bearing cylinders to deviate from the design value. If the gap is too large, it is easy to cause low mechanical efficiency of the high-temperature turbine. If the gap is too small, it is easy to cause the moving blades and the stationary blade bearing cylinders to collide and rub, causing noise, scratches, etc., and even causing damage to the moving blades, thereby affecting the operating stability of the high-temperature turbine. Summary of the invention
[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a thermal expansion gap adjustment structure, which facilitates the dynamic adjustment of the gap by relying on thermal expansion to prevent the gap from being too large or too small; another purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature turbine.
[0005] Technical solution:
[0006] A thermal expansion gap adjustment structure, comprising:
[0007] A stationary blade bearing cylinder, wherein a first groove and a second groove which are connected to each other are provided in the stationary blade bearing cylinder;
[0008] An annular member, comprising a main body and a mounting shoulder connected to each other, wherein the main body is detachably located in the first groove, and the main body abuts against a first sealing surface of the first groove;
[0009] An expansion piece is detachably connected to the mounting shoulder, and both the mounting shoulder and the expansion piece are detachably located in the second groove, and the expansion piece is in conflict with the second sealing surface of the second groove.
[0010] Optionally, the annular member further includes an inner groove disposed in the main body, and the inner groove is connected to the first groove.
[0011] Optionally, the annular member further includes an outer groove arranged outside the main body, and the outer groove and the expansion sheet are arranged opposite to each other.
[0012] Optionally, the annular member further includes an abradable coating connected to the main body, and the abradable coating is detachably located in the first groove.
[0013] Optionally, the expansion sheet includes a sheet body and a clamping portion connected to each other, the clamping portion is clamped with the mounting shoulder, the sheet body and the clamping portion are both detachable and located in the second groove, and the sheet body and the second sealing surface of the second groove are in contact with each other.
[0014] Optionally, the clamping portion includes:
[0015] A connecting section, one end of which is connected to the sheet body;
[0016] A tenon connected to the other end of the connecting section;
[0017] Wherein, the width of the tenon root is greater than the width of the connecting section, the tenon root and the connecting section are both clamped with the mounting shoulder, and the tenon root and the connecting section are both removable and located in the second groove.
[0018] Optionally, the annular member further comprises a tenon groove and a connecting groove both provided on the mounting shoulder, the tenon groove, the connecting groove and the second groove are connected in sequence, the tenon root cooperates with the tenon groove, and the connecting section cooperates with the connecting groove.
[0019] Optionally, also include:
[0020] a first radial cavity formed between the main body and an inner wall of the first groove;
[0021] a second radial cavity formed between the mounting shoulder and an inner wall of the second groove;
[0022] An axial cavity is formed between the mounting shoulder and the expansion piece and the inner wall of the second groove, and the axial cavity is communicated with the second radial cavity.
[0023] Optionally, the connection between the main body and the mounting shoulder is an integrally formed connection.
[0024] A high temperature turbine includes a thermal expansion gap adjustment structure, and further includes:
[0025] The rotor, the stationary blade bearing cylinder is sleeved outside the rotor at intervals;
[0026] A moving blade connected to the outside of the rotor;
[0027] a gap formed between the moving blade and the main body of the annular member;
[0028] The stationary blades are connected to the stationary blade bearing cylinder, and the stationary blades and the moving blades are arranged alternately.
[0029] Beneficial effects: The expansion sheet is also used to contact the second sealing surface of the second groove, so as to play a second sealing role and a double sealing role to ensure good sealing performance. Since the expansion sheet and the mounting shoulder are detachably connected, it is convenient to replace expansion sheets of different materials as needed. Combined with the replaceable annular parts, it is convenient to increase the adjustment diversity of the thermal expansion gap adjustment structure of the present application, thereby increasing the versatility of the thermal expansion gap adjustment structure of the present application, and facilitating dynamic adjustment of the gap by relying on thermal expansion to prevent the gap from being too large or too small. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] Figure 1 is a partial view of a high temperature turbine according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a thermal expansion gap adjustment structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 3 is a partial view of a stationary blade bearing cylinder of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 4 is a diagram showing the coordination of the annular member and the expansion sheet according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0034] Figure 5 is one of the diagrams before and after deformation of the annular member and the expansion sheet of Example 1 of the present invention;
[0035] Figure 6 This is a second diagram of the annular member and the expansion piece before and after deformation of the embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0036] Figure 7 is a diagram showing the matching of the annular member with a larger axial wall and the expansion sheet according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0037] Figure 8 is a diagram showing the matching of the annular member with a smaller axial wall and the expansion sheet according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
[0038] In the figure: 1. stationary blade bearing cylinder; 11. first groove; 111. first sealing surface; 112. first radial cavity; 12. second groove; 121. second sealing surface; 122. second radial cavity; 123. axial cavity; 2. annular member; 21. main body; 22. mounting shoulder; 221. connecting groove; 222. tenon groove; 23. inner groove; 24. outer groove; 25. abradable coating; 3. expansion sheet; 31. sheet body; 32. clamping part; 321. connecting section; 322. tenon root; 4. rotor; 5. moving blade; 6. stationary blade; 7. clearance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0039] In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0040] Example 1
[0041] like Figure 1-Figure 4 The present embodiment provides a thermal expansion gap adjustment structure, including: a stationary blade bearing cylinder 1, in which a first groove 11 and a second groove 12 are connected to each other; an annular member 2, including a main body 21 and a mounting shoulder 22 connected to each other, the main body 21 is detachably located in the first groove 11, and the main body 21 and the first sealing surface 111 of the first groove 11 are in conflict; an expansion piece 3 detachably connected to the mounting shoulder 22, the mounting shoulder 22 and the expansion piece 3 are both detachably located in the second groove 12, and the expansion piece 3 and the second sealing surface 121 of the second groove 12 are in conflict.
[0042] Specifically, the stationary blade bearing cylinder 1 is used to carry the stationary blades 6 and is also used to form the first groove 11 and the second groove 12. The material of the stationary blade bearing cylinder 1 can be ZG15Cr1Mo1V, etc.; the annular member 2 includes a main body 21 and a mounting shoulder 22 that are connected to each other. The material of the annular member 2 can be ZG15Cr1Mo1V, etc. Since the annular member 2 is detachably located in the first groove 11 and the second groove 12, it is convenient to replace the annular member 2 of different materials according to needs; the main body 21 is used to contact with the first sealing surface 111 of the first groove 11, which is convenient for playing the first sealing role and facilitating axial limitation of the annular member 2; the mounting shoulder 22 and the expansion piece 3 are both used to cooperate with the second groove 12, so as to facilitate radial limitation of the annular member 2 and prevent the annular member 2 from separating from the stationary blade bearing cylinder 1 under the action of its gravity; the expansion piece 3 is also used to contact with the second sealing surface 121 of the second groove 12, so as to play the second sealing role, double sealing role, to ensure sealing The performance is good. Since the expansion piece 3 and the mounting shoulder 22 are detachably connected, it is convenient to replace the expansion piece 3 of different materials according to needs. Combined with the replaceable annular member 2, it is convenient to increase the adjustment diversity of the thermal expansion gap adjustment structure of the present embodiment, thereby facilitating the increase of the versatility of the thermal expansion gap adjustment structure of the present embodiment. When the temperature rises, the volume of the expansion piece 3 increases, which in turn drives the mounting shoulder 22 and the main body 21, so that the main body 21 moves toward the direction close to the moving blade 5, thereby reducing the gap 7 between the moving blade 5 and the main body 21. When the temperature decreases, the volume of the expansion piece 3 decreases, which in turn drives the mounting shoulder 22 and the main body 21, so that the main body 21 moves away from the moving blade 5, thereby increasing the gap 7 between the moving blade 5 and the main body 21, thereby facilitating the dynamic adjustment of the gap 7 by relying on thermal expansion to prevent the gap 7 from being too large or too small. The material of the expansion piece 3 can be aluminum alloy 2A70, high chromium steel 2Cr13, etc.
[0043] During operation, according to the required gap 7 after heating, the deformation of the ring 2 and the deformation of the stationary blade bearing cylinder 1 are calculated in advance, and the deformation of the expansion piece 3 is obtained, so as to select the expansion piece 3 of suitable material. As shown in Table 1, the materials of the expansion piece 3 are aluminum alloy 2A70 and high chromium steel 2Cr13, and the materials of the stationary blade bearing cylinder 1 and the ring 2 are both ZG15Cr1Mo1V, where θ represents temperature and α represents linear expansion coefficient. Taking the expansion piece 3 made of aluminum alloy 2A70 as an example, when the temperature range is 20℃-100℃, the expansion piece 3 expands by 19.7*10 on average relative to 20℃ for every 1℃ increase in temperature. -6 When the temperature range is 20℃-200℃, the expansion sheet 3 expands by 21.7*10 on average relative to 20℃ for every 1℃ increase in temperature. -6 , and so on; as shown in Table 2, the materials of the expansion sheet 3 are respectively aluminum alloy 2A70 and high chromium steel 2Cr13, and their expansion performance at different temperatures is tested, wherein T represents temperature, a represents radial deformation, when aluminum alloy 2A70 is used, at a temperature of 300°C, the maximum radial deformation a is 0.05mm, at a temperature of 400°C, the maximum radial deformation a is 0.07mm, when high chromium steel 2Cr13 is used, at a temperature of 300°C, the maximum radial deformation a is 0.01mm, at a temperature of 400°C, the maximum radial deformation a is 0.015mm, indicating that when the radial deformation demand is large, the material of the expansion sheet 3 can be selected from aluminum alloy 2A70, and when the radial deformation demand is small, the material of the expansion sheet 3 can be selected from high chromium steel 2Cr13.
[0044] Table 1
[0045]
[0046] Table 2
[0047]
[0048] Further, such as Figure 2-Figure 4 The annular member 2 further includes an inner groove 23 disposed in the main body 21 , and the inner groove 23 is connected to the first groove 11 .
[0049] Specifically, the inner groove 23 facilitates the annular member 2 to expand and deform, such as Figure 5 The shape of the inner groove 23 can be symmetrical, so that the deformation of the bottom surface of the ring member 2 is relatively uniform. Figure 6 The shape of the inner groove 23 can also be asymmetric, so that the deformation of the bottom surface of the ring member 2 is uneven, and the deformation of the bottom surface of the ring member 2 corresponding to the side with a larger area of the inner groove 23 is greater, so that the inner groove 23 of different shapes can be set according to needs.
[0050] Further, such as Figure 4The annular member 2 further includes an outer groove 24 disposed outside the main body 21 , and the outer groove 24 and the expansion sheet 3 are disposed opposite to each other.
[0051] Specifically, an axial wall is formed between the outer groove 24 and the inner groove 23, and the thickness of the axial wall can be changed by changing the shapes of the outer groove 24 and the inner groove 23, such as Figure 7-Figure 8 The thickness of the axial wall is 6.25 mm and 3.25 mm respectively, as shown in Table 3, which indicates that the greater the thickness of the axial wall, the shorter the time it takes for the ring 2 to reach a steady state. This means that when the thickness of the axial wall is larger, it is suitable for a working environment with rapid temperature rise, and when the thickness of the axial wall is smaller, it is suitable for a working environment with constant high temperature, which makes it easy to select an axial wall of appropriate thickness according to demand.
[0052] Table 3
[0053]
[0054] Further, such as Figure 4 The annular member 2 further includes an abradable coating 25 connected to the main body 21 , and the abradable coating 25 is detachably located in the first groove 11 .
[0055] Specifically, the abradable coating 25 is used to absorb impact through wear of the abradable coating 25 when the moving blade 5 accidentally contacts the annular member 2, thereby reducing the wear of the moving blade 5. The material of the abradable coating 25 can be nickel-coated graphite sealing coating, copper-coated graphite sealing coating, or copper-aluminum-nickel graphite sealing coating, etc.
[0056] Further, such as Figure 4 The expansion sheet 3 includes a sheet body 31 and a clamping portion 32 connected to each other. The clamping portion 32 is clamped with the mounting shoulder 22. Both the sheet body 31 and the clamping portion 32 are removable and located in the second groove 12. The sheet body 31 and the second sealing surface 121 of the second groove 12 are in contact with each other.
[0057] Specifically, the sheet body 31 is used for expansion, and the clamping portion 32 is used to achieve a detachable connection between the sheet body 31 and the mounting shoulder 22, thereby facilitating replacement of the expansion sheet 3 of different materials.
[0058] Further, such as Figure 4 The clamping portion 32 includes: a connecting section 321, one end of the connecting section 321 is connected to the sheet body 31; a tenon root 322 connected to the other end of the connecting section 321; wherein the width of the tenon root 322 is greater than the width of the connecting section 321, the tenon root 322 and the connecting section 321 are both clamped with the installation shoulder 22, and the tenon root 322 and the connecting section 321 are both removable and located in the second groove 12.
[0059] Specifically, since the width of the tenon root 322 is greater than the width of the connecting section 321, it is convenient to prevent the expansion sheet 3 and the annular member 2 from being separated from each other during operation.
[0060] Further, such as Figure 4 The ring member 2 also includes a tenon groove 222 and a connecting groove 221 both provided on the mounting shoulder 22. The tenon groove 222, the connecting groove 221 and the second groove 12 are connected in sequence, the tenon root 322 cooperates with the tenon groove 222, and the connecting section 321 cooperates with the connecting groove 221.
[0061] Further, such as Figure 2 , also includes: a first radial cavity 112 formed between the main body 21 and the inner wall of the first groove 11; a second radial cavity 122 formed between the mounting shoulder 22 and the inner wall of the second groove 12; an axial cavity 123 formed between the mounting shoulder 22 and the expansion piece 3 and the inner wall of the second groove 12, and the axial cavity 123 is connected to the second radial cavity 122.
[0062] Specifically, the first radial cavity 112, the second radial cavity 122 and the axial cavity 123 facilitate the expansion sheet 3 and the annular member 2 to expand freely, avoid excessive thermal stress caused by limited expansion, and avoid excessive expansion of the annular member 2 toward the moving blade 5, thereby avoiding friction between the moving blade 5 and the annular member 2.
[0063] Further, such as Figure 4 The connection between the main body 21 and the mounting shoulder 22 is an integrally formed connection. Specifically, the integrally formed connection facilitates increasing the integrity of the main body 21 and the mounting shoulder 22.
[0064] It should be noted that the stationary blade bearing cylinder 1, the annular member 2 and the expansion piece 3 in the present embodiment are all of upper and lower halves, and can be rotated in and out from the middle when disassembling or assembling.
[0065] like Figure 1 The present embodiment further provides a high-temperature turbine, including a thermal expansion gap adjustment structure of the present embodiment, and further including: a rotor 4, a stationary blade bearing cylinder 1 spaced and sleeved outside the rotor 4; moving blades 5 connected to the outside of the rotor 4; a gap 7 formed between the moving blades 5 and the main body 21 of the annular member 2; stationary blades 6 connected to the stationary blade bearing cylinder 1, and the stationary blades 6 and the moving blades 5 are arranged alternately.
[0066] Specifically, the moving blades 5 and the stationary blades 6 cooperate to realize the work of the high-temperature turbine.
[0067] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the attached claims.
Claims
1. A thermal expansion gap adjustment structure, characterized in that: include: A stationary blade bearing cylinder (1), wherein a first groove (11) and a second groove (12) which are communicated with each other are provided in the stationary blade bearing cylinder (1); An annular member (2) comprising a main body (21) and a mounting shoulder (22) connected to each other, wherein the main body (21) is detachably located in the first groove (11), and the main body (21) abuts against a first sealing surface (111) of the first groove (11); An expansion piece (3) is detachably connected to the mounting shoulder (22); both the mounting shoulder (22) and the expansion piece (3) are detachably located in the second groove (12); the expansion piece (3) and the second sealing surface (121) of the second groove (12) are in contact with each other.
2. A thermal expansion gap adjustment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular member (2) further comprises an inner groove (23) arranged in the main body (21), and the inner groove (23) is connected to the first groove (11).
3. The thermal expansion gap adjustment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular member (2) further comprises an outer groove (24) arranged outside the main body (21), and the outer groove (24) and the expansion sheet (3) are arranged opposite to each other.
4. The thermal expansion gap adjustment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular member (2) further comprises an abradable coating (25) connected to the main body (21), and the abradable coating (25) is detachably located in the first groove (11).
5. A thermal expansion gap adjustment structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The expansion sheet (3) comprises a sheet body (31) and a clamping portion (32) which are connected to each other, the clamping portion (32) being clamped with the mounting shoulder (22), the sheet body (31) and the clamping portion (32) being both detachable and located in the second groove (12), and the sheet body (31) and the second sealing surface (121) of the second groove (12) being in contact with each other.
6. A thermal expansion gap adjustment structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping portion (32) comprises: A connecting section (321), one end of which is connected to the sheet body (31); a tenon root (322) connected to the other end of the connecting section (321); The width of the tenon root (322) is greater than the width of the connecting section (321); the tenon root (322) and the connecting section (321) are both snap-connected to the mounting shoulder (22); and the tenon root (322) and the connecting section (321) are both removable and located in the second groove (12).
7. A thermal expansion gap adjustment structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The annular member (2) further comprises a tenon groove (222) and a connecting groove (221) both provided on the mounting shoulder (22); the tenon groove (222), the connecting groove (221) and the second groove (12) are sequentially connected; the tenon root (322) cooperates with the tenon groove (222); and the connecting section (321) cooperates with the connecting groove (221).
8. A thermal expansion gap adjustment structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Also includes: a first radial cavity (112) formed between the main body (21) and the inner wall of the first groove (11); a second radial cavity (122) formed between the mounting shoulder (22) and an inner wall of the second groove (12); An axial cavity (123) is formed between the mounting shoulder (22) and the expansion piece (3) and the inner wall of the second groove (12), and the axial cavity (123) is communicated with the second radial cavity (122).
9. A thermal expansion gap adjustment structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The connection between the main body (21) and the mounting shoulder (22) is an integrally formed connection.
10. A high temperature turbine, characterized in that: The thermal expansion gap adjustment structure comprises the thermal expansion gap adjustment structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and further comprises: A rotor (4), wherein the stationary blade bearing cylinder (1) is sleeved outside the rotor (4) at intervals; A moving blade (5) connected to the outside of the rotor (4); a gap (7) formed between the moving blade (5) and the main body (21) of the annular member (2); The stationary blades (6) are connected to the stationary blade bearing cylinder (1), and the stationary blades (6) and the moving blades (5) are arranged alternately.