Improved front water-mixing heat exchange device of tokamak experimental system

Abstract

The application relates to the field of new energy and energy-saving technology, in particular to a front mixed water heat exchange device of an improved TOKAMAK test system, which comprises a mixed water heat exchange tank and a jet pump, a rotating injection water distribution mechanism, a shunt cylinder and a heat exchange inclined fin are arranged in the innermost sleeve of the mixed water heat exchange tank. The application is based on the original chilled water and chilled water circuit, a balance cooling water injection circuit is branched from the chilled water, the end pressure of the chilled water main circuit is balanced, the cooling water is pre-cooled, an auxiliary circuit is branched from the cooling water to sufficiently absorb the cold energy of the chilled water in the injection circuit, and the three circuits of the main cooling circuit of the mixed cooling water and chilled water are cooled and mixed through the improved mixed water heat exchange tank. The concentrated water flow of the original device into the water tank is divided into multiple water flows through the triangular weir shunt cylinder, the noise in the operation of the original device is reduced, the reliability of the original device is increased, the mixed water efficiency is improved, and the device is convenient to maintain.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the field of new energy and energy-saving technology, and particularly relates to a front water mixing and heat exchanging device of an improved TOKAMAK test system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Magnetic confinement controlled nuclear fusion and high-temperature plasma technology is a process of using two lighter atomic nuclei to aggregate into a heavier atomic nucleus and releasing energy. The realized nuclear fusion reaction is the fusion of hydrogen isotopes, deuterium and tritium. Magnetic confinement controlled nuclear fusion is commonly known as artificial sun. The principle is nuclear fusion reaction, and the nuclear fusion reaction mainly uses hydrogen isotopes (deuterium and tritium). Nuclear fusion does not produce long-term and high-level nuclear radiation as in nuclear fission, does not produce nuclear waste, and does not produce greenhouse gases, and basically does not pollute the environment. Human understanding of thermonuclear fusion began with the explosion of hydrogen bombs. Magnetic confinement controlled nuclear fusion and high-temperature plasma devices can effectively control the process of "hydrogen bomb explosion", continuously and stably output energy, provide clean energy for people, and are one of the future ways to replace petrochemical energy and be environmentally friendly.

[0003] So far, there are four countries in the world that have their own tokamak devices, Tore-Supra in France, T-15 in Russia, JT-60U in Japan, and EAST (full superconducting tokamak nuclear fusion experimental device) in China. In addition, there is the largest international cooperation ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor). The patent technology "a water mixing device for a TOKAMAK test device" (ZL 2023 2 2353372.X) for solving the cooling of the water-cooled coil of the CTRFR (Compact-Tokamak based repetitive Reconnection-heated Fusion Reactor, compact tokamak based repetitive reconnection-heated fusion reactor) device has a water mixing and heat exchanging tank, which has the following problems: Figure 1

[0004] ​(1) the whole device has only one water mixing heat exchange tank and is located at the front end of the device, and the failure of the front end directly affects the subsequent equipment, resulting in poor water mixing effect of the whole device; (2) the installation level and the ability to maintain the level during operation have a great influence on the operation, and the slight inclination of the tank body directly causes the inclination of the water distribution disc, uneven water distribution, and thus poor water mixing effect, affecting the cooling effect of the test device, and causing the temperature value measured by the temperature sensor in the coil to gradually increase after multiple tests of the test device; (3) the flow rate of the cooling water and the chilled water outlet is unstable due to the influence of various factors such as power grid voltage fluctuation, water flow state in the pipeline (air bubbles in the water in the pipeline cannot be completely removed, and the bubbles are compressed and the volume is reduced at the outlet section of the water pump due to high pressure, and the volume of the bubbles increases at the outlet side of the device due to low pressure, and the cycle is repeated), and the operation state of the water pump; (3) in the horizontal direction of the tank body, the flow rates of the cooling water and the chilled water outlet are basically equal, and due to the different flow rates of the cooling water and the chilled water, the flow rate of the chilled water is 3.33 times that of the cooling water, which causes the backflow force of the chilled water side to be greater than that of the cooling water side, resulting in the inclination of the D16 screw rod of the fixed water distribution disc of the whole water mixing heat exchange tank; (4) the mixed cooling water and chilled water directly fall, and due to the large water flow, the water flow impact on the falling water tank bottom plate (3mm thick stainless steel plate) is relatively large when falling.(5) frequent debugging is required, and after normal operation for a period of time after frequent debugging, the water mixing effect is poor, and debugging is required again. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the problem of water mixing and cooling of the cooling water circuit and the chilled water circuit of the water-cooled coil of the CTRFR (Compact-Tokamak based repetitive Reconnection-heated Fusion Reactor, compact tokamak-based repetitive reconnection-heated fusion reactor) device in the prior art, the application provides a front water mixing heat exchange device of an improved TOKAMAK test system.

[0006] The application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0007] A front water mixing heat exchange device of an improved TOKAMAK test system, comprising a water mixing heat exchange tank, a water collecting and distributing device, a chilled water main pipe, a chilled water branch pipe, a cooling water main pipe, a cooling water branch pipe and a jet pump; one end of the chilled water main pipe is in communication with circulating chilled water of a refrigerating machine, the other end is in communication with a chilled water inlet of the water collecting and distributing device, and the water outlet of the water collecting and distributing device is in communication with the water mixing heat exchange tank; the cooling water main pipe is connected with the cooling water inlet of the water collecting and distributing device through the jet pump;

[0008] The water mixing heat exchange tank comprises an upper end cover, a lower end cover and a three-layer sleeve type cylinder structure, the upper end cover and the lower end cover are fixed to the top and the bottom of the cylinder structure respectively, the cylinder structure comprises a water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder, an intermediate cylinder and an outer cylinder which are coaxially arranged but have different diameters (both the inner diameter and the outer diameter are different), the cavity of the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder and the intermediate cylinder forms a water mixing heat exchange tank chilled water intermediate jacket, and the cavity of the intermediate cylinder and the outer cylinder forms a water mixing heat exchange tank cooling water outer jacket;

[0009] A rotating injection water distribution mechanism is arranged in the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder, and a water inlet of the rotating injection water distribution mechanism is communicated with a water outlet of the water collecting and distributing device.

[0010] The water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder is a double-side reinforced convection heat exchange red copper pipe with needle fins on the outer side and inclined fins on the inner side, and a water outlet of the rotating injection water distribution mechanism faces the inclined fins.

[0011] A shunt cylinder of a triangular weir is arranged at the bottom of the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder, a water inlet end of a water mixing heat exchange tank water outlet pipe on the lower end cover is connected to the bottom of the shunt cylinder, and a water outlet end of the water mixing heat exchange tank water outlet pipe is connected to a water inlet of a water tank; a part of the shunt cylinder below the water level of the triangular weir forms a water collecting pool with the lower part of the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder; the water in the water collecting pool is shunted by the shunt cylinder to form a triangular weir flow, the concentrated water flow is divided into multiple water flows, the concentrated impact force of the water flow on the drop plate is reduced, and thus the operation noise of the whole device is reduced; meanwhile, the gap between the small water flows in the vertical flow channel of the triangular weir is used to connect the water tank and the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder, balance the air pressure of the water tank and the water mixing heat exchange tank, and cancel the original patent air connection pipe arranged between the water mixing heat exchange tank and the water tank.

[0012] One end of a chilled water branch pipe is connected to an upstream of a chilled water main pipe, the other end is communicated with a chilled water inlet interface of a chilled water intermediate jacket of the water mixing heat exchange tank, and a jet pump is communicated with the chilled water intermediate jacket of the water mixing heat exchange tank through a chilled water outlet interface arranged on the upper end cover.

[0013] One end of a cooling water branch pipe is connected to a cooling water main pipe, the other end is communicated with a cooling water inlet interface of an upper part of a water mixing heat exchange tank cooling water outer jacket, and a cooling water outlet interface of a lower part of the water mixing heat exchange tank cooling water outer jacket is communicated with a cooling water inlet of a water collecting and distributing device.

[0014] Preferably, the end pressure of the cooling water main pipe is greater than the end pressure of the chilled water main pipe, and the chilled water flow is greater than the cooling water flow, and the pipe diameters of the chilled water main pipe, the chilled water branch pipe, the cooling water main pipe and the cooling water branch pipe are adjusted according to the fluid pressure loss and the flow.

[0015] Preferably, a water mixing heat exchange tank water inlet pipe is arranged between the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder and the water outlet of the water collecting and distributing device.

[0016] Preferably, the rotating water spraying mechanism comprises a cylindrical rotating nozzle, a plurality of elbow pipes and a plurality of fan-shaped spray heads, the water inlet pipe of the water mixing and heat exchange tank is connected (such as flange connection) with the cylindrical rotating nozzle through the upper end cover; the elbow pipes are in one-to-one correspondence with the fan-shaped spray heads, the plurality of elbow pipes are located in the same horizontal plane, and the horizontal plane formed by the plurality of elbow pipes is perpendicular to the axis of the inner cylinder of the water mixing and heat exchange tank, one end of the elbow pipe is connected with the cylindrical rotating nozzle, and the other end is connected with the fan-shaped spray head; the water outlet of the fan-shaped spray head is directed to the inclined fin, and the fan-shaped plane of the fan-shaped spray head is vertically arranged; the required power for the rotation of the rotating spray head is provided by the backflow impact force of the fluid sprayed by the rotating spray head, and the energy comes from the mixed fluid of cooling water and refrigeration water, without external additional power.

[0017] Preferably, the inclined fins on the inner side are arranged in a spiral shape in parallel in space.

[0018] Preferably, the needle fins on the outer side are arranged in a plurality of layers in the form of annular welding on the outer side of the inner cylinder of the water mixing and heat exchange tank, and the adjacent two layers of needle fins are staggered.

[0019] Preferably, the rotating speed sensing system further comprises a flat cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnet, a rotating speed sensor, a Hall sensor probe and a transmitting device arranged in the rotating speed sensor, the transmitting device is located above the upper end cover, the Hall sensor probe of the rotating speed sensor extends into the cavity of the inner cylinder of the water mixing and heat exchange tank through the upper end cover; the flat cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnet is embedded at the root of the fan-shaped rotating spray head, and the center of the flat cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnet is on the same vertical line with the probe of the rotating speed sensor.

[0020] Preferably, the water mixing and heat exchange tank is horizontally arranged, but is allowed to be inclined within ±15‰ of the horizontal angle.

[0021] A front water mixing and heat exchange system of an improved TOKAMAK test system, comprising a main cooling circuit, an injection circuit and an auxiliary circuit;

[0022] In the main cooling circuit, the cooling water and the refrigeration water are mixed in the water collector and then enter the cavity of the inner cylinder of the water mixing and heat exchange tank, and the mixed fluid is uniformly sprayed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder of the water mixing and heat exchange tank by the rotating spray head in the cavity, so as to mix and heat exchange the fluid, and then the heat of the mixed fluid is transferred to the refrigeration water in the refrigeration water intermediate jacket of the water mixing and heat exchange tank, that is, the refrigeration water in the injection circuit, and then the mixed fluid enters the water collector, and is heated again with the refrigeration water in the refrigeration water intermediate jacket of the water mixing and heat exchange tank, and then enters the water tank through the triangular weir flow formed by the flow distribution cylinder in the lower part of the water mixing and heat exchange tank.

[0023] When the main cooling circuit is running, the refrigeration water intermediate jacket of the water mixing and heat exchange tank in the injection circuit is full of refrigeration water, and the water flows from bottom to top; the outer jacket of the cooling water of the water mixing and heat exchange tank is full of cooling water, and the water flows from top to bottom.

[0024] In the injection circuit, the chilled water in the chilled water main pipe is first injected into the jet pump through the chilled water jacket of the mixed water heat exchange tank; the unpowered jet pump injects the low-pressure chilled water at the end of the chilled water circuit into the high-pressure end of the cooling water circuit, so as to balance the pressure at the end of the cooling water circuit and the pressure at the end of the chilled water circuit, and to make the flow smooth and not cause backflow to hinder the water flow of the whole system and affect heat exchange.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The improved pre-mixed water heat exchange device of the TOKAMAK test system is based on the original chilled water and chilled water circuit, and a branch is divided from the chilled water and cooling water main pipes, a branch is divided from the chilled water to form an injection circuit, a branch is divided from the cooling water to form an auxiliary circuit, and the main cooling circuit of the cooling water and the chilled water is mixed together through the combined three-way pipe and the water collector and distributor. The three circuits are mixed and cooled by the improved mixed water heat exchange tank, and the maximum utilization of cold energy is achieved. The cooling water and the chilled water are mixed and convectively heat-exchanged for multiple times by using the energy of the fluid itself; the chilled water and the cooling water are mixed for the first time in the jet pump, the flow between the outlet of the jet pump and the water collector and distributor is increased, and thus the resistance of the pipe section is increased, so as to eliminate the extra pressure at the end of the cooling water and ensure that the cooling water flows into the water collector and distributor smoothly without backflow, and the pre-cooling of the cooling water is realized.

[0027] The fluid mixed for the first time is mixed with the chilled water at the combined three-way pipe and enters the water collector and distributor; the fluid entering the water collector and distributor is sprayed into the inner cylinder of the mixed water heat exchange tank by the rotating nozzle, and is heat-exchanged and cooled with the injected chilled water while being mixed; the fluid sprayed by the fan-shaped nozzle is impacted on the inner wall of the inner cylinder of the mixed water heat exchange tank, and the impact force provides power for the rotation of the fan-shaped nozzle mechanism; the liquid mixed by the chilled water and the cooling water is uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder of the mixed water heat exchange tank by the rotating fan-shaped nozzle, and is dynamically heat-exchanged with the chilled water in the middle sleeve; after being sufficiently heat-exchanged with the inner wall, the liquid flows into the water collecting pool in the inner cylinder of the mixed water heat exchange tank, and is heat-exchanged with the inner wall of the inner cylinder of the mixed water heat exchange tank again.

[0028] The fluid falling into the water collecting groove of the inner cylinder of the mixed water heat exchange tank is divided into multiple triangular weir flows by the dividing cylinder body, and flows into the water tank drop tank to be mixed by water drop. The original device is low in noise during operation, and is convenient to maintain.

[0029] When the main cooling circuit is running, the outer jacket of the mixed water heat exchange tank is filled with cooling water flowing from bottom to top, the middle jacket of the mixed water heat exchange tank is filled with chilled water flowing from top to bottom, and the cooling water and the chilled water are mixed in the water collector and then enter the rotating fan-shaped nozzle, the water flows through the vertically arranged fan-shaped nozzle and is sprayed to form a fan-shaped surface, the water flow forming the fan-shaped surface is sprayed on the inclined fins on the inner side of the mixed water heat exchange tank, effectively expanding the contact area of the water flow with the inner wall of the mixed water heat exchange tank, and at the same time, the water is uniformly distributed to the inner side of the inclined fins of the mixed water heat exchange tank, the water distribution of the fan-shaped nozzle is relative to the concentrated jet flow, the water film area formed on the inner wall of the mixed water heat exchange tank is expanded, the water film with the same flow is much thinner and has a larger area, which is more easily attached to the inner wall of the cylinder, and the heat exchange is more sufficient; when the water is sprayed, the back pressure of the inner wall surface on the water flow pushes the nozzle to rotate clockwise, realizing the dynamic and uniform distribution of water to the mixed water heat exchange tank (cylinder heat exchange pipe inner surface) without dead angle. At the same time, the power required for the rotation of the nozzle is provided by the back pressure of the fluid sprayed by the nozzle, and the energy comes from the mixed fluid of the cooling water and the chilled water, without external additional power.

[0030] The fan-shaped nozzle uniformly distributes water on the inner side of the inclined fin surface of the mixed water heat exchange tank, and after heat exchange with the inner surface of the cylinder heat exchange pipe, the water flows into the water collector along the inclined fins on the inner surface of the cylinder, the relative vertical falling path of the fluid is lengthened, the contact time with the cylinder wall is lengthened, and the heat exchange is sufficient.

[0031] After the fluid flowing into the water collector is heat exchanged with the inner side heat exchange structure of the mixed water heat exchange tank again, the flow of the fluid in the water collector is dispersed into multiple triangular weir flows by the flow dividing cylinder, so as to reduce the impact force of the concentrated water flow on the drop water plate and reduce the noise; at the same time, water drop mixing occurs; the gap between the small water flows in the vertical flow channel of the triangular weir flow is used to connect the water tank and the inner cylinder of the mixed water heat exchange tank, balance the air pressure of the water tank and the mixed water heat exchange tank, and cancel the original patent air connection pipe installed between the mixed water heat exchange tank and the water tank.

[0032] The chilled water flow in the injection circuit is first injected by the injection pump to flow through the mixed water heat exchange tank chilled water middle jacket, and at the same time, heat exchanged with the mixed fluid in the inner cylinder and the cooling water in the mixed water heat exchange tank cooling water outer jacket, reducing the waste of cold energy. The low-pressure chilled water at the end of the chilled water circuit is injected to the high-pressure cooling water circuit end by the unpowered jet pump, realizing the primary mixing of part of the chilled water and the cooling water in the jet pump, and pre-cooling the cooling water. Before the injected chilled water enters the main pipe of the jet pump injection inlet, it first passes through the mixed water heat exchange tank chilled water middle jacket, and at the same time, heat exchanged with the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder fluid in the mixed water heat exchange tank chilled water jacket, so as to improve the temperature of the chilled water and then suck the jet pump to pre-cool the cooling water.

[0033] Further, the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder is detachable double-side convection enhanced heat exchange red copper pipe, the inclined fin is integrally processed with the base pipe of the heat exchange red copper pipe to increase the heat exchange area, meanwhile, the heat transfer resistance of the heat exchange pipe wall is reduced, which is beneficial to increase the heat exchange amount. The needle fin is welded outside the base pipe and staggered arrangement, which increases the contact area of the pipe wall and the chilled water and well disturbs the flow of the cooling water, so as to strengthen the heat exchange effect. The inner side heat exchange structure of the water mixing heat exchange tank is spiral inclined fin, which increases the heat exchange area and reduces the heat transfer resistance of the cylinder wall, and is used in cooperation with the rotary nozzle. When the rotary nozzle rotates, the contact area of the water and the inner wall is expanded, the water rotates along the spiral groove of the inner wall after contacting the inner wall, the falling time of the water flow is delayed, and the contact and heat exchange time of the water and the wall surface is increased.

[0034] Further, the rotation speed sensing system can monitor the rotation state of the rotary nozzle. The flat-cylindrical neodymium-iron-boron magnet at the root of the nozzle and the Hall sensor probe of the rotation speed sensor are on the same vertical line to form a monitoring system. When the nozzle rotates, the Hall sensor probe senses the frequency of the magnet induction strength to measure the rotation speed. When the rotation speed is zero or decreases, it indicates that the rotary nozzle is faulty. By closing the faulty water mixing heat exchange tank through the valve and opening the standby water mixing heat exchange tank, the faulty water mixing heat exchange tank can be repaired without affecting the normal operation of the cooling water system.

[0035] Further, the water mixing heat exchange tank can be installed at a certain inclination. Within the specified inclination range, the water mixing effect of the water mixing heat exchange tank is not affected, the force imbalance of the water mixing heat exchange tank in the horizontal direction is solved, and the force balance of the water mixing heat exchange tank in the horizontal plane is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 is a structure diagram of an external water mixing device for a TOKAMAK test device in the prior art;

[0037] Figure 2 is a structure diagram of an external water mixing device for a TOKAMAK test device in the prior art;

[0038] Figure 3 is a structure diagram of an external water mixing device for a TOKAMAK test device in the prior art;

[0039] Figure 4 is a structure diagram of an external water mixing device for a TOKAMAK test device in the prior art;

[0040] Figure 5 is a structure diagram of an external water mixing device for a TOKAMAK test device in the prior art;

[0041] Figure 6It is the upper member drawing of the mixed water heat exchange tank in the improved front mixed water device of the TOKAMAK test system of the application;

[0042] Figure 7 It is the top view of the upper part of the mixed water heat exchange tank in the improved front mixed water device of the TOKAMAK test system of the application;

[0043] Figure 8 It is the lower member drawing of the mixed water heat exchange tank in the improved front mixed water device of the TOKAMAK test system of the application;

[0044] Figure 9 It is the bottom view of the lower part of the mixed water heat exchange tank in the improved front mixed water device of the TOKAMAK test system of the application;

[0045] Figure 10 It is the top view of the rotating nozzle in the improved front mixed water device of the TOKAMAK test system of the application;

[0046] Figure 11 It is the side view of the rotating nozzle in the improved front mixed water device of the TOKAMAK test system of the application;

[0047] Figure 12 It is the three-dimensional structure drawing of the inner cylinder of the mixed water heat exchange tank in the improved front mixed water device of the TOKAMAK test system of the application;

[0048] Figure 13 It is the three-dimensional structure drawing of the outer needle fin of the inner cylinder of the mixed water heat exchange tank in the improved front mixed water device of the TOKAMAK test system of the application;

[0049] Figure 14 It is the three-dimensional structure drawing of the inner side inclined fin of the inner cylinder of the mixed water heat exchange tank in the improved front mixed water device of the TOKAMAK test system of the application;

[0050] Figure 15 It is the spiral direction schematic diagram when modeling the inner side inclined fin of the inner cylinder of the mixed water heat exchange tank in the improved front mixed water device of the TOKAMAK test system of the application;

[0051] Figure 16 It is the three-dimensional drawing of the triangular weir shunt cylinder body in the improved front mixed water device of the TOKAMAK test system of the application;

[0052] Figure 17 It is the structure drawing of the jet pump in the improved front mixed water device of the TOKAMAK test system of the application.

[0053] In the figure, 1, chilled water backflow preventer; 2, first ball valve; 3, water collector and distributor; 4, mixed water heat exchange tank inlet butterfly valve; 5, mixed water heat exchange tank; 6, water tank; 7, second ball valve; 8, third ball valve; 9, fourth ball valve; 10, pressure gauge; 11, exhaust valve; 12, flange blank; 13, jet pump; 14, cooling water backflow preventer; 15, rotating speed sensor; 16, nozzle; 17, Nd-Fe-B magnet; 18, probe; 19, mixed water heat exchange tank inner cylinder; 20, intermediate cylinder; 21, outer cylinder; 22, shunt cylinder; 23, union joint; 24, chilled water outlet interface; 25, chilled water inlet interface; 26, cooling water inlet interface; 27, cooling water outlet interface; 28, lower end cover; 29, upper end cover; 30, threaded joint; 31, upper cavity; 32, chilled water intermediate jacket of mixed water heat exchange tank; 33, cooling water outer jacket of mixed water heat exchange tank; 34, injection branch pipe; 35, bimetallic thermometer; 36, chilled water branch pipe; 37, cooling water branch pipe; 38, converging tee; 39, sealing ring; 40, water collecting pool; 41, inclined fin; 42, needle fin; 43, columnar rotating nipple; 44, fastening connecting screw; 45, shunt tee; 46, base pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The application will be further described in detail below with specific examples, which are intended to explain but not limit the application.

[0055] The application discloses a front mixed water heat exchange device of an improved TOKAMAK test system, referring to Figure 2 , 3 which comprises a mixed water heat exchange tank 5, a water collector and distributor 3, a chilled water main pipe, a chilled water branch pipe 36, a cooling water main pipe, a cooling water branch pipe 37, a jet pump 13 and a rotating jet water distribution mechanism.

[0056] In an embodiment, the chilled water outlet end of the chilled water main pipe is connected with the chilled water branch pipe 36 and the water collector and distributor 3 through a shunt tee 45, the shunt tee 45 is connected with the chilled water inlet end of the water collector and distributor 3 through a chilled water backflow preventer 1, and the chilled water outlet end of the cooling water main pipe is connected with the water inlet end of the jet pump 13 through a cooling water backflow preventer 14. The water collector and distributor is provided with a pressure gauge 10 and a bimetallic thermometer 35, and the pressure gauge 10 is provided with a shut-off valve and a table curve. The water collector and distributor is in a full water state when the whole system is stopped or operated.

[0057] One end of the chilled water main pipe is connected with an external chilled water source, the other end is connected with the chilled water inlet of the water collector and distributor 3, the chilled water outlet of the water collector and distributor 3 is connected with the mixed water heat exchange tank 5, and the cooling water main pipe is connected with the cooling water inlet of the water collector and distributor 3 through the jet pump 13. In an embodiment, the chilled water main pipe and the jet pump 13 are connected with the water collector and distributor 3 through a converging tee 38.

[0058] Referring toFigure 4 、 5 , 6, 7, 8, 9, the water mixing heat exchange tank includes upper end cover 29, lower end cover 28 and the barrel structure of three-layer sleeve, the upper end cover 29 and the lower end cover 28 are fixed to the top and bottom of the barrel structure respectively, specifically, the outer barrel 21 and the intermediate barrel 20 are both made of carbon steel, the upper end cover 29 is welded with the outer barrel 21 to form a first combination, the lower end cover 28 is welded with the intermediate barrel 20 to form a second combination, then the first combination and the second combination are combined, and the inner barrel 19 of the water mixing heat exchange tank, the intermediate barrel 20 and the outer barrel 21 are tightly sealed by the upper end cover 29, the lower end cover 28 and the circular ring U-shaped polytetrafluoroethylene sealing ring 39 arranged at both ends of each barrel, and the tight sealing force is provided by the fastening connecting screw rod 44 passing through the edge circular hole of the upper and lower end covers 28 and being tightened by bolts. The outer barrel 21 and the upper end cover 29, and the intermediate barrel 20 and the lower end cover 28 are combined respectively, because the expansion coefficient of carbon steel is less than that of red copper, when the temperature changes, the elongation of the outer barrel 21, the intermediate barrel 20 and the inner barrel 19 of the water mixing heat exchange tank is different, so the outer barrel 21 and the intermediate barrel 20 are connected in a separated manner to offset the effect caused by thermal expansion and contraction during operation of the system.

[0059] The barrel structure includes the inner barrel 19 of the water mixing heat exchange tank, the intermediate barrel 20 and the outer barrel 21 which are coaxially arranged but have different diameters (outer diameter, inner diameter), the cavity of the inner barrel 19 of the water mixing heat exchange tank and the intermediate barrel 20 forms a chilled water intermediate jacket 32 of the water mixing heat exchange tank, and the cavity of the intermediate barrel 20 and the outer barrel 21 forms a cooling water outer jacket 33 of the water mixing heat exchange tank.

[0060] One end of the chilled water branch pipe 36 is connected with the upstream of the chilled water main pipe, the other end is communicated with the chilled water inlet interface 25 of the chilled water intermediate jacket 32 of the water mixing heat exchange tank, and the injection branch pipe 34 of the jet pump 13 is communicated with the chilled water intermediate jacket 32 of the water mixing heat exchange tank through the chilled water outlet interface 24 arranged on the upper end cover 29. Among them, the chilled water inlet interface 25 and the chilled water outlet interface 24 are arranged in the longest diagonal line in space, so as to ensure the maximum flow path of the chilled water and ensure uniform heat exchange.

[0061] One end of the cooling water branch pipe 37 is connected with the cooling water main pipe, the other end is communicated with the cooling water inlet interface 26 of the upper part of the cooling water outer jacket 33 of the water mixing heat exchange tank, and the side lower part cooling water outlet interface 27 of the cooling water outer jacket 33 of the water mixing heat exchange tank is communicated with the cooling water inlet of the water collecting and distributing device 3. Among them, the cooling water inlet interface 26 and the cooling water outlet interface 27 are arranged in the longest diagonal line in space, which is used to ensure the maximum flow path of the cooling water and ensure uniform heat exchange.

[0062] Referring to Figure 10 、 11, the water inlet of the rotating spray water distribution mechanism is communicated with the water outlet of the water collecting and distributing device 3. Specifically, a water inlet pipe of the water mixing heat exchange tank is arranged between the water mixing heat exchange tank 19 and the water outlet of the water collecting and distributing device 3, the rotating spray water distribution mechanism comprises a columnar rotating through hole 43, a plurality of elbow pipes and a plurality of fan-shaped spray heads 16, the elbow pipes correspond to the fan-shaped spray heads 16 one by one, the plurality of elbow pipes are located on the same horizontal plane, and the horizontal plane formed by the plurality of elbow pipes is perpendicular to the central axis of the water mixing heat exchange tank 19; the water inlet pipe of the water mixing heat exchange tank penetrates the upper end cover 29 and is connected with the columnar rotating through hole 43 in the water mixing heat exchange tank, one end of the elbow pipe is connected with the columnar rotating through hole 43, the other end is connected with the fan-shaped spray head 16, and the water outlet of the fan-shaped spray head 16 faces the inclined fin 41.

[0063] In an embodiment, the water inlet pipe (D109x4.5) of the water mixing heat exchange tank penetrates the geometric center hole of the upper end cover 29 and is welded with the upper end cover 29 together, the lower end of the water inlet pipe is connected with the rotating joint through the threaded joint 30, and in the embodiment, the columnar rotating through hole 43 (five-way) is threadedly connected with the four fan-shaped spray heads 16 through the four 90° outer thread elbows.

[0064] In an embodiment, the materials, geometric shapes and masses of the elbow pipes and the four rotating fan-shaped spray heads 16 are consistent and symmetrically arranged to maintain dynamic balance. When the fan-shaped rotating spray heads 16 are symmetrically arranged, dynamic balance test is required, and the dynamic balance of the entire rotating fan-shaped rotating spray head 16 system is corrected by drilling shallow holes at the roots of the fan-shaped spray heads 16.

[0065] In an embodiment, the fan-shaped spray head 16 is made of aluminum alloy material, and the fan-shaped plane of the fan-shaped spray head 16 is vertically arranged. For example, each water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder 19 is provided with four spray heads 16, which are symmetrically and uniformly arranged, the water flow of each spray head 16 is 9.1 m³ / h, the water flow spraying speed of the spray head 16 is 6.019 m / s, the pipe diameter of the connecting pipe of the fan-shaped spray head 16 is 46 mm, and the effective arc length of the fan-shaped spray head 16 is 210 mm and the width is 2 mm.

[0066] Referring to Figure 12 , 13 , 14, 15, the outer side and the inner side of the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder 19 are respectively the needle fin 42 and the inclined fin 41, and the water outlet of the rotating spray water distribution mechanism faces the inner side inclined fin 41.

[0067] In an embodiment, the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder 19 is a detachable double-side convection enhanced heat exchange red copper pipe, for example, the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder 19 is formed by boring the red copper base pipe 46 with an outer diameter of 610 mm and a wall thickness of 6 mm in a lathe.

[0068] In an embodiment, the inner side inclined fin 41 is provided with a plurality of inclined fins, which are arranged in parallel and in a spiral shape (the spiral direction is as shown by the arrow in the figure). Figure 15The middle yellow line shows that the heat exchange area is increased and the heat conduction resistance of the cylinder wall is reduced. The rotating water distributor 16 expands the contact area between water and the inner wall when rotating the water distribution. After the water contacts the inner wall, it rotates along the spiral groove of the inner wall, delaying the downward time of the water flow and increasing the contact and heat exchange time between the water and the wall. For example, the inclined fin 356 has a pitch of 680 mm, a fin height of 4 mm, a fin width of 5 mm, a tooth top circle diameter of 598 mm, a tooth root circle diameter of 606 mm, and an inner cylinder outer diameter of 610 mm. At the same time, the inclined fin 41 is integrally processed with the heat exchange copper-based pipe 46, which increases the heat exchange area and reduces the heat conduction resistance of the heat exchange pipe, which is beneficial to increasing the heat exchange amount.

[0069] In an embodiment, the outer needle fin 42 is in the shape of a knife, and a plurality of needle fins are arranged in multiple layers on the outer side of the mixed water heat exchange tank inner cylinder 19 in a ring shape, and adjacent two layers of needle fins are staggered to strengthen the disturbance of the water flow in the mixed water heat exchange tank frozen water intermediate jacket 32, and to increase the heat exchange area. For example, a single needle fin is welded to the outer cylinder wall, the fin height of the needle fin 42 is 44 mm, the fin width is 16 mm, the fin thickness is 2 mm, there are 68 fins in each ring direction, the axial distance between each row is 20 mm, there are 32 rows in total, and the fins are staggered. The tooth gap between the tooth roots of the fins in the front row is covered by the tooth in the back row in the axial direction.

[0070] After the cooling water and the chilled water are mixed in the water collector 3, they enter the rotating fan-shaped spray head 16 through the mixed water heat exchange tank inlet pipe and the elbow. The water flow forms a fan-shaped surface in the vertical direction and is sprayed out, effectively expanding the contact area between the water flow and the inner wall of the mixed water heat exchange tank inner cylinder 19, and uniformly distributing water to the inner wall of the inner cylinder. The water film area formed by the fan-shaped spray head 16 relative to the concentrated jet flow is expanded, and the water film is thinned with the same flow, which is more easily attached to the inner wall of the cylinder, and the heat exchange is more sufficient. When spraying water, the backwash force generated by the inner wall surface on the water flow pushes the spray head 16 to rotate clockwise, achieving uniform water distribution to the circumferential surface of the mixed water heat exchange tank inner cylinder 19 (cylinder heat exchange pipe inner surface) without dead angle. The fan-shaped spray head 16 uniformly distributes water on the inner wall surface of the mixed water heat exchange tank inner cylinder 19 (cylinder heat exchange pipe inner surface), and after heat exchange with the inner surface of the cylinder heat exchange pipe, the water flows into the water collector 40 of the mixed water heat exchange tank inner cylinder 19 along the inclined fin. The relative vertical falling path of the fluid is lengthened, the contact time with the cylinder wall is lengthened, and the heat exchange is sufficient.

[0071] In an embodiment, with reference to Figure 4The system also includes a rotation speed sensing system, comprising a flat cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnet 17, a rotation speed sensor 15, a Hall effect sensor probe 18, and a transmitter located within the rotation speed sensor 15. The transmitter is situated above the upper end cover 29. The Hall effect sensor probe 18 of the rotation speed sensor 15 extends through the upper end cover 29 into the cavity of the inner cylinder 19 of the mixing water heat exchanger. The flat cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnet 17 is embedded at the root of the fan-shaped rotating nozzle 16, with the center of the flat cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnet 17 aligned with the probe 18 of the rotation speed sensor 15 on the same vertical line. During rotation, the Hall effect sensor probe 18 senses the frequency of the magnetic field lines emitted by the magnet to measure the rotation speed. When the rotation speed is zero or decreases, it indicates a malfunction in the rotating nozzle 16, prompting the activation of the backup mixing water heat exchanger. Simultaneously, the malfunctioning mixing water heat exchanger is inspected and repaired, without affecting operation.

[0072] One end of the chilled water branch pipe 36 is connected to the chilled water main pipe, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the intermediate jacket. The ejector branch pipe 34 of the jet pump 13 is connected to the intermediate jacket through the chilled water outlet port 25 provided on the upper end cover 29. One end of the cooling water branch pipe 37 is connected to the cooling water main pipe, and the other end is connected to the upper part of the outer jacket. The bottom of the outer jacket is provided with a cooling water outlet port 27, which is connected to the cooling water inlet of the manifold 3.

[0073] Reference Figure 4 The space within the inner cylinder 19 of the mixing heat exchanger is designated as the upper cavity 31 and the lower water collection tank 40 according to the structural configuration. The upper cavity 31 not only provides working space for the rotation of the nozzle 16 and the distribution of water to the inner cylinder wall, but also provides conditions for measuring the rotational speed of the nozzle 16 to monitor its operating status. The lower water collection tank 40 and the diversion cylinder 22 provide the necessary working conditions for multiple thin-walled triangular weir flows, and can also exchange heat with the chilled water jacket of the mixing heat exchanger for secondary heat exchange. It also ensures normal operation of the mixing heat exchanger even when it is tilted.

[0074] Reference Figure 8 , 15 The lower part of the inner cylinder 19 of the mixing heat exchange tank is provided with a diversion cylinder 22 in the shape of a triangular weir. The bottom of the diversion cylinder 22 is connected to the water outlet pipe of the mixing heat exchange tank on the lower end cover 28. The water outlet pipe of the mixing heat exchange tank is connected to the water inlet of the water tank 6. The part of the diversion cylinder 22 below the triangular weir forms a water collection pool 40 with the lower part of the inner cylinder 19 of the mixing heat exchange tank.

[0075] In one embodiment, reference is made to... Figure 16The top of the shunt cylinder 22 is provided with 25 triangular grooves, forming 25 triangular weir flows, with a wall thickness of 2 mm, a triangular weir angle of 38.483°, a maximum water head on the weir of 0.2 m, a maximum design flow of each weir of 3.00 m³ / h, and an actual flow of 1.456 m³ / h. The thin-walled triangular weir in the water mixing heat exchange tank disperses one concentrated water flow into 25 small flow water flows, reduces the impact force of the concentrated water flow on the drop plate, and reduces noise. The triangular shunt cylinder 22 protrudes into the inner cylinder 19 of the water mixing heat exchange tank, and the water sprayed by the rotating spray head 16 is collected at the lower part of the inner cylinder 19 of the water mixing heat exchange tank to form a water collecting pool 40. After the water collected in the water collecting pool 40 is subjected to secondary heat exchange with the intermediate chilled water jacket, it is divided by the triangular weir and flows into the water mixing heat exchange tank outlet pipe, and then falls to the drop plate of the external water tank 6.

[0076] In an embodiment, the water mixing heat exchange tank outlet pipe (D133x4.5) is welded together with the lower end cover 28 through the geometric center circular hole of the lower end cover 28, and the water mixing heat exchange tank outlet pipe is threadedly connected to the triangular weir shunt cylinder 22 through the union joint 23. The partial inlet and outlet pipes, the rotating fan-shaped spray head 16, the union joint 23, and the triangular weir shunt cylinder 22 are all arranged inside the inner cylinder 19 of the water mixing heat exchange tank.

[0077] When the main cooling circuit is running, the chilled water intermediate jacket 32 of the water mixing heat exchange tank is filled with chilled water flowing from bottom to top, and the cooling water external jacket 33 of the water mixing heat exchange tank is filled with cooling water flowing from top to bottom. The chilled water in the chilled water intermediate jacket 32 of the water mixing heat exchange tank is subjected to counter-flow heat exchange with the mixed fluid in the inner cylinder 19 of the water mixing heat exchange tank and the cooling water in the cooling water external jacket 33 of the water mixing heat exchange tank. The end pressure of the cooling water main pipe is greater than the end pressure of the chilled water main pipe, and the chilled water flow is greater than the cooling water flow. The pipe diameters of the chilled water main pipe, the chilled water branch pipe 36, the cooling water main pipe, and the cooling water branch pipe 37 are adjusted according to the fluid pressure loss and flow.

[0078] In an embodiment, the water mixing heat exchange tank is horizontally arranged, but the allowable inclination angle is within 15 ‰.

[0079] In an embodiment, the improved TOKAMAK test system pre-mixed water heat exchange device is provided with three mixed water heat exchange tanks, three groups of injection circuits and auxiliary circuits, two mixed water heat exchange tanks are operated, and the other is standby, the standby mixed water heat exchange tank is arranged between the two operating mixed water heat exchange tanks, and the injection circuit and the auxiliary circuit connected with the standby mixed water heat exchange tank are also standby. The standby mixed water heat exchange tank and the injection circuit and the auxiliary circuit connected therewith can be operated by opening the corresponding valves, thereby ensuring the continuous operation of the entire mixed water heat exchange device. The mixed water heat exchange tank and the related connection valve are distinguished by using capital letters A, B and C, and the fault circuit can be disassembled and repaired by opening the corresponding valve. The standby mixed water heat exchange tank is started by closing and opening the valve, so that the mixed water system can operate normally during fault maintenance without affecting the mixed water effect; and the original device is convenient to maintain.

[0080] The improved TOKAMAK test system pre-mixed water heat exchange device forms three circuits: a main cooling circuit, an injection circuit and an auxiliary circuit. The chilled water branch pipe 36 is in communication with the chilled water main pipe, and the outlet end of the chilled water branch pipe 36 is connected with the chilled water inlet interface 25 of the intermediate jacket through a first pipeline, and a first ball valve 2 is arranged on the first pipeline. The chilled water outlet interface 24 of the intermediate jacket is in communication with the injection branch pipe 34 of the jet pump 13 through a third pipeline, and a third ball valve 8 is arranged on the third pipeline. The chilled water main pipe is connected with a chilled water pressure gauge 10, and the chilled water main pipe and the chilled water main pipe are provided with pressure gauges 10, so as to realize real-time monitoring and adjustment of the flow. An exhaust valve 11 is arranged on the water collector and distributor, and a flange blanking plate is arranged on the injection branch pipe.

[0081] The pipe diameter of the chilled water branch pipe 36 is D57*3.5, the pipe diameter of the chilled water main pipe is D133*4, the pipe diameter of the chilled water branch pipe 37 is D38*2.5, the pipe diameter of the chilled water main pipe is D76*3.5, and the specifications of the inner cylinder 19 of the mixed water heat exchange tank are D610*6, the specifications of the intermediate cylinder 20 are D712*6, the specifications of the outer cylinder 21 are D762*6, and the heights of the inner cylinder 19, the intermediate cylinder 20 and the outer cylinder 21 of the mixed water heat exchange tank are 645mm, 650mm and 650mm respectively. The chilled water jacket thickness is 45mm, and the chilled water jacket thickness of the mixed water heat exchange tank is 20mm.

[0082] Reference Figure 2 , 3, the end pressure of the cooling water (17.0 mH2O) is greater than the end pressure of the chilled water (10.3 mH2O), and the flow of the cooling water (16.8 m³ / h) is less than the flow of the chilled water (56 m³ / h). To ensure that the chilled water and the cooling water can both enter the water collector 3, it is necessary to ensure that the pressures of the chilled water and the cooling water entering the water collector 3 are substantially equal, i.e., the end pressures are balanced. (1) The low-pressure and high-flow chilled water is introduced into the end of the high-pressure cooling water through the pipeline by using the unpowered jet pump 13 to perform primary mixing. After mixing, the water flow becomes larger, and the larger flow causes the resistance between the outlet of the jet pump 13 and the pipeline of the water collector 3 to become larger. The opening degree of the third ball valve 8 on the jet circuit can be adjusted to adjust the flow of the chilled water to balance the outlet pressures of the chilled water and the cooling water in the water collector 3, so that they can smoothly flow into the water collector 3. (2) At the same time, the height difference between the starting point (6.86 m relative to the ground level) and the ending point (4.63 m relative to the ground level, i.e., the height of the inlet of the jet pump) of the jet pipeline is maintained at 2.23 m. When jetting, the chilled water is partially powered by gravity to cooperate with the jet power to enter the jet pump. The height difference between the outlet of the jet pump and the inlet of the water collector 3 is also maintained at 2.23 m, and the chilled water and the cooling water mixed by the jet pump 13 are again lowered in pressure by gravity to ensure smooth flow of the entire system.

[0083] In the above flow process, heat exchange is accompanied. Before entering the jet inlet jet branch pipe 34 of the jet pump 13, the jetted chilled water first passes through the chilled water jacket of the intermediate jacket 32 of the water mixing heat exchange tank, and the jetted chilled water and the fluid flowing through the inner cylinder 19 and the outer cylinder 21 of the water mixing heat exchange tank simultaneously counterflow to strengthen heat exchange, thereby increasing the temperature of the chilled water and then being sucked into the jet pump 13. This prevents the two fluids in the jet pump 13 from being periodically chilled to cause thermal stress of the jet pump 13, thereby prolonging the service life of the jet pump 13 and the pipeline.

[0084] Referring to Figure 17 , in the embodiment, the throat nozzle area ratio of the jet pump 13 is m=2.167, the throat nozzle distance is 17 mm, the fluid density ratio is 1.0, the relationship between the fluid pressure ratio and the flow ratio is h=0.5864-0.4209q, the design pressure ratio is 0.448, the jet ratio is 0.329, and the design jet flow is 5.27 m³ / h.

[0085] In the auxiliary circuit, the cooling water inlet main pipe is communicated with the cooling water branch pipe 37, the water outlet end of the cooling water branch pipe 37 is communicated with the cooling water inlet interface 26 of the outer cylinder 21 through a second pipeline, the second pipeline is provided with a second ball valve 7, the water inlet end of the cooling water branch pipe 37 is located between the water inlet end of the jet pump 13 and the water outlet end of the cooling water main pipe, the cooling water outlet interface 27 of the outer cylinder 21 is communicated with the water inlet of the water collector 3 through a fourth pipeline, and the fourth pipeline is provided with a fourth ball valve 9.

[0086] The main cooling circuit comprises a chilled water main pipe, a cooling water main pipe, a mixed fluid pipe after mixing of the chilled water and the cooling water, and accessories thereof, and the accessories of the mixed fluid pipe are a mixed water heat exchange tank, a water collector and distributor 3, and corresponding valves arranged on the cooling pipe.

[0087] The chilled water circulation pipe in the main cooling circuit comprises a chilled water main pipe and a chilled water branch pipe 36, and the cooling water circulation pipe comprises a cooling water main pipe and a cooling water branch pipe 37, and a jet pump 13 is connected to the cooling water main pipe. After mixing of the cooling water and the chilled water in a converging tee 38 and the water collector and distributor 3, the mixed fluid enters a cavity of an inner cylinder of the mixed water heat exchange tank, is uniformly sprayed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 19 of the mixed water heat exchange tank by a rotating spray head 16 in the cavity, and is heat-exchanged with the chilled water in the mixed water heat exchange tank chilled water intermediate jacket 32. The heat of the mixed fluid is transferred to the chilled water in the mixed water heat exchange tank chilled water intermediate jacket 32, i.e. the chilled water in the ejector circuit, and the sprayed mixed fluid enters a water collecting pool 40, is heat-exchanged with the chilled water in the mixed water heat exchange tank chilled water intermediate jacket 32 again in the water collecting pool 40, and then enters the water collecting pool 40 in the lower part of the inner cylinder 19 of the mixed water heat exchange tank, flows into a water tank 6 through a triangular weir flow dividing cylinder, and flows into the water tank 6.

[0088] The function of the ejector circuit is to balance the pressures of the cooling water and the chilled water in the terminal pipes. Specifically, the chilled water in the chilled water main pipe is first introduced into the mixed water heat exchange tank chilled water jacket and then into the jet pump 13. The main function of the jet pump 13 is to balance the pressures of the cooling water and the chilled water in the main circuits, to ensure smooth flow of the water in the entire system and to assist in cooling and precooling of the cooling water. The auxiliary circuit is used to absorb the heat dissipation of the chilled water in the ejector circuit. The flow rate of the cooling water in the auxiliary circuit should not be greater than 20% of the flow rate of the chilled water in the ejector circuit, so as to prevent imbalance of the pressures of the chilled water and the cooling water in the main circuits.

[0089] During operation, the cooling water and chilled water of the main circuit first enter the combined three-way valve 38 and then enter the water collector and distributor 3 to form a mixed fluid. The mixed fluid flows into the rotating fan-shaped spray head 16 in the upper cavity 31 of the inner cylinder 19 of the mixed water heat exchange tank through the water inlet pipe. The mixed chilled water and cooling water are uniformly sprayed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 19 of the mixed water heat exchange tank through the rotating fan-shaped spray head 16. The backwash force generated by the inner wall surface against the water flow provides power to continuously rotate the spray head 16 clockwise. The water flow forms an enlarged fan-shaped surface in the vertical direction. The continuous rotation of the spray head 16 realizes uniform water distribution without dead angle on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 19 of the mixed water heat exchange tank (the inner surface of the cylinder heat exchange pipe), effectively expands the contact area of the water flow with the inclined fins 41, and uniformly distributes water to the inner wall of the inner cylinder. The water film area formed by the water distribution of the fan-shaped spray head 16 on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 19 of the mixed water heat exchange tank is larger than that of the concentrated jet spray head 16. With the same flow, the thin area of the water film is expanded, which is more likely to adhere to the inner wall of the cylinder and more likely to exchange heat. The water uniformly sprayed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 19 of the mixed water heat exchange tank by the rotating fan-shaped spray head 16 forms a water film. After the initial heat exchange with the inclined fins 41, the water flows into the inner cylinder water collector 40 along the helical inclined fins 41 on the inner surface of the cylinder. During the flow process, the relative vertical falling path is lengthened, the contact time with the cylinder wall is lengthened, and the heat exchange is sufficient.

[0090] After the sprayed water exchanges heat with the inner wall inclined fin surface and the intermediate chilled water jacket inner chilled water, it falls into the water collector 40. After the secondary heat exchange with the mixed water heat exchange tank chilled water intermediate jacket 32 in the water collector 40, a plurality of triangular weir flows are formed through the flow distribution cylinder 22, flow into the mixed water heat exchange tank outlet pipe, and then fall into the water falling plate of the external water tank 6. Among them, the flow distribution cylinder 22 disperses the fluid in the water collector 40 into a plurality of small flow water streams to reduce the impact force of the concentrated water flow on the water falling plate and reduce noise, and at the same time, water falling mixing occurs; the triangular weir vertical flow channel is used to connect the water tank 6 and the inner cylinder 19 of the mixed water heat exchange tank, balance the air pressure of the water tank 6 and the mixed water heat exchange tank, and cancel the original patent installation of the air connection pipe between the mixed water heat exchange tank and the water tank.

[0091] The present application is a pre-mixed water heat exchange device of an improved TOKAMAK test system, which uses the energy of the fluid itself to mix the cooling water and the chilled water multiple times; the chilled water and the cooling water are mixed in the jet pump 13, which can balance the end pressure of the cooling water and the chilled water and pre-cool the cooling water; the fluid mixed for the first time is mixed with the chilled water at the converging tee 38 and enters the water collector 3; the fluid enters the inner cylinder 19 of the mixed water heat exchange tank through the rotating nozzle 16, is mixed, and exchanges heat with the injected chilled water to be cooled; the water is uniformly sprayed on the wall of the inner cylinder 19 of the mixed water heat exchange tank by the rotating nozzle 16 and falls into the water collecting groove of the mixed water heat exchange tank; the fluid falling into the water collecting groove of the mixed water heat exchange tank is divided into multiple water streams by the triangular weir and flows into the water tank 6, and water drop mixing occurs. The improved device reduces the noise during operation of the original device and is easy to maintain. The improved device does not cause imbalance of the inner pressure of the water tank 6 and the mixed water heat exchange tank when the air connection pipe is removed. When the cooling water and the chilled water flow rate changes due to power grid voltage fluctuations, water flow state in the pipeline, water pump operation state and other factors, the improved mixed water device does not affect the mixing effect of the mixed water heat exchange tank.

[0092] The use conditions of the pre-mixed water device of an improved TOKAMAK test system are as follows:

[0093] (1) The cooling water inlet temperature of the CTRFR device water-cooled coil is higher than the ambient wet-bulb temperature;

[0094] (2) The cooling water of the CTRFR device is cooled by a commercial air-cooled module (the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water is 5℃, and the temperature fluctuation is within ±2℃) as a cooling source.

[0095] (3) CTRFR device operating conditions and requirements

[0096] ① The CTRFR device is powered by an electrolytic capacitor bank, the capacitor capacity is 7200F, the charging voltage is up to 120V, the capacitor bank supplies power to the electromagnetic coil during the test, and the test is ended after 5s, and then the capacitor is charged again, and the test is conducted again after 600s, and the test device operates for the whole year. The maximum discharge energy of the capacitor bank to the CTRFR device is 51.84MJ in 5s, the average heat release rate is 10.368MW in 5s, the average heat release rate is 95.91kW in 540.5s, and the average heat release rate is 86.40kW in 600s.

[0097] ② The optimal cooling water inlet temperature is 20℃, the maximum allowable temperature variation is ±5℃, and the water temperature entering the test equipment should be as constant as possible; when the cooling water inlet temperature is 20℃, the maximum cooling water outlet temperature should not be higher than 100℃.

[0098] ③Cooling water is finally converged to the inlet and outlet water main by multiple cooling channels, and the total flow of the cooling water is 220.14 L / min; the inlet water pressure of the cooling water is 1.0 MPa, the outlet water pressure is 0.2 MPa, the inlet and outlet water pressure difference is 0.8 MPa (the end pressure of the cooling water), and the total water flow of the cooling water and the water flow distributed to each cooling channel are required to be accurate.

[0099] ④The water quality and resistivity of the cooling water are 0.5-1 MΩ·cm deionized water.

[0100] The operation principle is illustrated by taking the operation of the water mixing heat exchange tank 5A as an example. During operation, the chilled water circulation water pump, i.e., the chilled water circuit, is first started to circulate, and then the cooling water circulation water pump, i.e., the cooling water circuit, is started to circulate; the cooling water mixing water tank is provided with three head-to-tail connected parallel circuits: an injection circuit, an auxiliary circuit and a main cooling mixing circuit, and the working of each circuit is as follows.

[0101] I. Injection circuit

[0102] (1) Flow: Since the pressure of the chilled water (10.3 mH2O) used for cooling is lower than the pressure of the cooling water (17.0 mH2O) to be cooled, and the flow of the chilled water (56 m³ / h) is greater than the flow of the cooling water (16.8 m³ / h), a certain amount (design injection water flow: 5.27 m³ / h) of chilled water is injected from the chilled water branch pipe to the main pipe at the inlet of the jet pump by the jet pump, and the chilled water flows through the first valve 2A, the chilled water intermediate jacket of the water mixing heat exchange tank, the injection branch pipe into the jet pump and the cooling water for the first time in sequence, mixes after entering the water collector, and balances the pressure of the cooling water circuit and the chilled water circuit by adjusting the injection water (chilled water) amount.

[0103] (2) Heat exchange: After the chilled water exchanges heat with the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the water mixing heat exchange tank in the chilled water intermediate jacket of the water mixing heat exchange tank at the same time, the heat exchange is mainly in the inner cylinder, and the heat exchange of the outer cylinder is mainly to fully utilize the coldness of the chilled water to avoid the loss of cold and heat to the environment, and then enters the jet pump and the cooling water for the first time to pre-cool the cooling water, prevent the temperature of the cooling water in the pipeline from changing periodically and sharply, cause the pipeline to expand and contract due to heat and cold, and cause periodic internal stress and metal fatigue of the pipeline, thereby shortening the service life.

[0104] II. Auxiliary circuit

[0105] (1) Flow: The pressure of the cooling water (17.0 mH2O) is higher than the pressure of the chilled water (10.3 mH2O), and a small amount of cooling water (0.8 m³ / h) enters the cooling water jacket of the water mixing heat exchange tank through the pipeline by the second ball valve 7, the fourth ball valve 9, and the water collector 3; after mixing with the chilled water in the water collector, the cooling water enters the rotating nozzle 16 in the inner cylinder of the water mixing heat exchange tank.

[0106] (2) heat exchange: the cooling water exchanges heat with the intermediate jacket after the heat exchange in the outer cylinder of the mixed water heat exchange tank, and then enters the water collector 3 to mix with the chilled water. This loop is mainly used to absorb the excess cold of the chilled water to avoid waste of cold;

[0107] III. Main cooling loop - chilled water and cooling water mixed heat exchange loop

[0108] After the chilled water and cooling water are initially mixed through the combined three-way pipe, they enter the water collector 3 for secondary mixing. Then the mixed fluid enters the four fan-shaped nozzles 16 of the inner cylinder of the mixed water heat exchange tank 5 through the inlet butterfly valve 4 of the mixed water heat exchange tank. The water is dynamically and uniformly distributed to the inner surface of the inner cylinder 19 of the mixed water heat exchange tank by the fan-shaped rotating nozzles 16. After fully exchanging heat with the chilled water in the intermediate jacket, the water flows into the inner cylinder water collector of the mixed water heat exchange tank and exchanges heat with the chilled water in the intermediate jacket again. The water in the inner cylinder water collector is divided into twenty-five streams by the triangular weir flow cylinder 22 and enters the internal drop plate of the water tank 6.

[0109] The fan-shaped rotating nozzles 16 spray water to the inner surface of the heat exchange pipe of the inner cylinder 19 of the mixed water heat exchange tank. At the same time, the water flow impacts the inner surface of the heat exchange pipe, pushing the rotating nozzles 16 to rotate clockwise and uniformly distributing the water on the inner surface of the heat exchange pipe. After exchanging heat with the inner surface of the cylinder heat exchange pipe, the water flows into the inner cylinder water collector 40.

[0110] II. Running state monitoring

[0111] The four rotating fan-shaped nozzles in the mixed water heat exchange tank 5A each have a flat cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnet embedded at the root. The center of the cylindrical neodymium iron boron magnet is on the same vertical line as the upper speed sensor Hall sensor probe 18. When rotating, the Hall sensor probe senses the magnet to measure the rotating speed. When the rotating speed is zero, it indicates that the rotating nozzle is faulty, and the standby mixed water heat exchange tank 5C is started.

[0112] The application also discloses an improved TOKAMAK experimental system comprising the front mixed water heat exchange device.

[0113] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the application and does not limit the technical solutions of the application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions can be modified and replaced without departing from the spirit and principles of the application. These modifications and replacements also belong to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A pre-mixed water heat exchange device of an improved TOKAMAK test system, characterized in that, The device comprises a mixed water heat exchange tank (5), a water collecting and distributing device (3), a chilled water main pipe, a chilled water branch pipe (36), a cooling water main pipe, a cooling water branch pipe (37) and a jet pump (13). One end of the chilled water main pipe is connected with circulating chilled water of a refrigerating machine, and the other end is connected with a chilled water inlet of the water collecting and distributing device (3). An outlet of the water collecting and distributing device (3) is connected with the mixed water heat exchange tank (5). The cooling water main pipe is connected with a cooling water inlet of the water collecting and distributing device (3) through the jet pump (13). The mixed water heat exchange tank comprises an upper end cover (29), a lower end cover (28) and a three-layer sleeve type cylinder structure. The upper end cover (29) and the lower end cover (28) are respectively fixed to the top and the bottom of the cylinder structure. The cylinder structure comprises a mixed water heat exchange tank inner cylinder (19), an intermediate cylinder (20) and an outer cylinder (21) which are coaxial but have different diameters. The mixed water heat exchange tank inner cylinder (19) and the intermediate cylinder (20) form a mixed water heat exchange tank chilled water intermediate jacket (32), and the intermediate cylinder (20) and the outer cylinder (21) form a mixed water heat exchange tank cooling water outer jacket (33). A rotating jet water distribution mechanism is arranged in the mixed water heat exchange tank inner cylinder (19), and a water inlet of the rotating jet water distribution mechanism is connected with a water outlet of the water collecting and distributing device (3). The mixed water heat exchange tank inner cylinder (19) is a double-side reinforced convection heat exchange red copper pipe with needle fins (42) on the outer side and inclined fins (41) on the inner side. A water outlet of the rotating jet water distribution mechanism is directed to the inclined fins (41). A flow distribution cylinder (22) of a triangular weir is arranged below the inside of the mixed water heat exchange tank inner cylinder (19). The bottom of the flow distribution cylinder (22) is connected with a water inlet end of a mixed water heat exchange tank water outlet pipe on the lower end cover (28), and a water outlet end of the mixed water heat exchange tank water outlet pipe is connected with a water inlet of a water tank (6). A part of the flow distribution cylinder (22) below the triangular weir water level forms a water collecting pool (40) with the lower part of the mixed water heat exchange tank inner cylinder (19). One end of the chilled water branch pipe (36) is connected with an upstream of the chilled water main pipe, and the other end is connected with a chilled water inlet interface (25) at the bottom of the mixed water heat exchange tank chilled water intermediate jacket (32). A jet branch pipe (34) of the jet pump (13) is connected with the mixed water heat exchange tank chilled water intermediate jacket (32) through a chilled water outlet interface (24) arranged on the upper end cover (29). One end of the cooling water branch pipe (37) is connected with the cooling water main pipe, and the other end is connected with a cooling water inlet interface (26) at the upper part of the mixed water heat exchange tank cooling water outer jacket (33). A cooling water outlet interface (27) at the lower part of the mixed water heat exchange tank cooling water outer jacket (33) is connected with a cooling water inlet of the water collecting and distributing device (3).

2. The pre-mixing water heat exchange device of the improved tokamak test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end pressure of the cooling water main pipe is greater than the end pressure of the chilled water main pipe, and the chilled water flow is greater than the cooling water flow. The pipe diameters of the chilled water main pipe, the chilled water branch pipe (36), the cooling water main pipe and the cooling water branch pipe (37) are adjusted according to the fluid pressure loss and the flow.

3. The pre-mixing water heat exchange device of the improved tokamak test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A mixed water heat exchange tank water inlet pipe is arranged between the mixed water heat exchange tank inner cylinder (19) and the water outlet of the water collecting and distributing device (3).

4. The pre-mixing water heat exchange device of the improved tokamak test system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating water spraying mechanism comprises a columnar rotating connector (43), a plurality of elbow pipes and a plurality of fan-shaped rotating nozzles (16), the water inlet pipe of the water mixing heat exchange tank is connected with the columnar rotating connector (43) through the upper end cover (29); the elbow pipe corresponds to the fan-shaped rotating nozzle (16) one by one, the plurality of elbow pipes are located on the same horizontal plane, and the horizontal plane formed by the plurality of elbow pipes is perpendicular to the axis of the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder (19), one end of the elbow pipe is connected with the columnar rotating connector (43), and the other end is connected with the fan-shaped rotating nozzle (16); the water outlet of the fan-shaped rotating nozzle (16) faces the inclined fin (41), and the fan-shaped horizontal plane of the fan-shaped rotating nozzle (16) is vertically arranged; The rotating power of the rotating nozzle is provided by the back impact force of the fluid sprayed by the rotating nozzle, and the energy comes from the mixed fluid of cooling water and refrigeration water, without additional external power supply.

5. The pre-mix water heat exchanger device of the improved tokamak test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner inclined fins (41) are arranged in a plurality of spiral shapes in parallel in space.

6. The pre-mix water heat exchanger device of the improved tokamak test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer needle fins (42) are arranged in a plurality of layers in the form of annular welding on the outer side of the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder (19), and the adjacent two layers of needle fins (42) are staggered.

7. The pre-mix water heat exchanger device of the improved tokamak test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating speed sensing system comprises a flat cylindrical Nd-Fe-B magnet (17), a rotating speed sensor (15), a Hall sensor probe (18) and a transmitting device arranged in the rotating speed sensor (15), the transmitting device is located above the upper end cover (29), the Hall sensor probe (18) of the rotating speed sensor (15) penetrates through the upper end cover (29) and extends into the cavity of the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder (19); the flat cylindrical Nd-Fe-B magnet (17) is embedded at the root of the fan-shaped rotating nozzle (16), and the center of the flat cylindrical Nd-Fe-B magnet (17) is on the same vertical line with the probe (18) of the rotating speed sensor (15).

8. The pre-mix water heat exchanger device of the improved tokamak test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water mixing heat exchange tank (5) is horizontally arranged, but is allowed to be inclined within a horizontal angle of ± 15 ‰.

9. An improved pre-mixed water heat exchange system for a TOKAMAK test system, which uses the improved pre-mixed water heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It comprises a main cooling circuit, an ejector circuit and an auxiliary circuit. In the main cooling circuit, the cooling water and the refrigeration water are mixed in the water collector and distributor (3) and then enter the cavity of the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder (19), are uniformly sprayed on the inner wall of the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder (19) by the fan-shaped rotating nozzle (16) in the cavity, are mixed and heated, and the heat of the mixed fluid is transmitted to the refrigeration water in the refrigeration water intermediate jacket (32) of the water mixing heat exchange tank, i.e. the refrigeration water in the ejector circuit, through the inclined fin (41) wall of the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder (19), the sprayed mixed fluid enters the water collecting pool (40), is heated again with the refrigeration water in the refrigeration water intermediate jacket (32) of the water mixing heat exchange tank, and then enters the water collecting pool (40) at the lower part of the water mixing heat exchange tank inner cylinder (19) and flows into the water tank (6) in the form of triangular weir flow through the flow dividing cylinder (22). When the main cooling circuit operates, the refrigeration water intermediate jacket (32) of the water mixing heat exchange tank is filled with refrigeration water, and the water flows from bottom to top; the cooling water outer jacket (33) of the water mixing heat exchange tank is filled with cooling water, and the water flows from top to bottom; In the ejector circuit, the chilled water in the chilled water main pipe is first injected into the jet pump (13) through the chilled water jacket of the mixing water heat exchange tank; the unpowered jet pump (13) injects the low-pressure chilled water at the end of the chilled water circuit into the high-pressure chilled water circuit at the end.

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