Wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined determination system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural measurement, in particular to a wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined measurement system which comprises a steel base, positioning supporting legs, a box body, a controller and a gas analyzer, the four corners of the bottom end of the steel base are each provided with a set of positioning supporting legs, and the box body is arranged at the top end of the steel base; a first cavity and a second cavity are formed in the box body, a controller is arranged at the front end of the box body, the gas analyzer is installed at the bottom end of the first cavity, the gas sampling assembly is arranged on the box body, the soil detection assembly is arranged on the box body, and the recording assembly is arranged on the box body. The gas sampling assembly is used for collecting gas and conveying the gas into the gas analyzer for detection; the recording assembly is used for recording detection results and monitoring frequencies of the gas analyzer and the soil detection assembly; the gas analyzer is detected, meanwhile, the soil detection assembly is operated to detect the temperature and moisture of soil, and the detection convenience is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural measurement, and in particular to a wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined measurement system. Background Art

[0002] In the field of agricultural production, greenhouse gases are mainly composed of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Methane (CH4) emissions mainly come from rice fields. Under flooding conditions, methanogens in rice field soil will use organic matter in the soil (such as rice root secretions, rotten plant residues, etc.) to produce methane; while carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide are the main greenhouse gases produced by wheat fields. Soil respiration is an important process for carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Microorganisms in the soil release carbon dioxide when they decompose organic matter (such as crop residues, root secretions and organic fertilizers). The production of nitrous oxide (N2O) is closely related to the nitrogen cycle. Microorganisms in the soil use nitrogen fertilizers put into farmland production to produce nitrous oxide through nitrification and denitrification. It is estimated that global farmland nitrous oxide emissions have quadrupled from 1961 to 2020, currently reaching 1.1-1.7Tg per year, which not only reduces the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer utilization and increases agricultural production costs, but also causes multiple and serious harm to the environment. Therefore, it is urgent for researchers to take measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

[0003] Increased ammonia volatilization is a common problem in agricultural production, especially when nitrogen fertilizer is applied improperly. It not only causes a waste of resources, but also brings a series of negative environmental, agricultural and health effects. Ammonia volatilization causes nitrogen to be lost from the soil, resulting in the inability of crops to absorb enough nitrogen and reducing fertilizer efficiency. In order to make up for the loss of nitrogen fertilizer, farmers may over-fertilize, further increasing planting costs. Not only that, after the volatilized ammonia (NH3) enters the atmosphere, it reacts with acidic gases (such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) to form fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), exacerbating smog. After ammonia volatilizes and settles back into surface water, it will cause eutrophication of water bodies, excessive growth of algae (such as blue-green algae outbreaks), and damage the aquatic ecosystem. In addition, the increased ammonia volatilization will also lead to soil acidification and structural degradation, decreased plant diversity, imbalance of aquatic ecosystems, and even affect human health. Ammonia and its secondary particulate matter in the atmosphere can irritate the respiratory tract and cause diseases such as asthma and bronchitis. After the volatilized ammonia is transformed in the environment, it may generate nitrous oxide (N2O) through the nitrification-denitrification process. This gas is a potent greenhouse gas that has a significant impact on global warming.

[0004] However, the traditional determination of greenhouse gases and ammonia volatilization in the field requires a lot of manpower and material resources. Researchers need to set up numerous monitoring points in different farmland areas, which need to cover various soil types, climatic conditions and different planting patterns. Generally speaking, the determination of greenhouse gases requires the use of static box-gas chromatography, while the determination of ammonia volatilization mainly uses the closed chamber-intermittent extraction method. The determination of greenhouse gases and ammonia volatilization requires clear and cloudless weather, and the measurement is between 9:00 and 11:00 in the morning. Generally, only one gas can be measured in a day. If it rains the next day, it is difficult to obtain the other gas; the collection of the two gases is difficult to coordinate in time, and the manual operation requires multiple people to perform synchronously, otherwise it is difficult to obtain more accurate data. Finally, the collected gas samples need to use professional instruments and equipment in the laboratory, and go through a complex analysis and measurement process to obtain data. In addition, when determining the above gases, it is also necessary to measure soil temperature, humidity, and redox potential and other explanatory indicators, which greatly increases the complexity of the operation of researchers and wastes more manpower. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined measurement system with improved detection efficiency.

[0006] The present invention discloses a wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined determination system, comprising a steel base, positioning legs, a box, a controller and a gas analyzer, wherein a group of positioning legs are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom end of the steel base, a box is arranged at the top end of the steel base, a chamber No. 1 and a chamber No. 2 are respectively arranged inside the box, a controller is arranged at the front end of the box, the gas analyzer is installed at the bottom end of the chamber No. 1, and further comprises a gas sampling component, a soil detection component and a recording component, a gas sampling component is arranged on the box, and the gas sampling component is used to collect gas and transport it to the gas analyzer for detection The soil detection component is installed in the second chamber and is used to detect the temperature and moisture of the soil. A recording component is installed on the box body, and the recording component is used to record the detection results and monitoring frequency of the gas analyzer and the soil detection component. When in use, the steel base is fixed on the ground by the positioning legs, and the controller controls the sampling component to sample the surrounding gas and transport it to the gas analyzer for detection, and at the same time operates the soil detection component to detect the temperature and moisture of the soil. At the same time, the recording component records the sampling frequency of the gas, the detection structure, and the temperature and moisture of the soil in real time, thereby improving the convenience of detection.

[0007] Preferably, the gas sampling assembly includes a cylinder, a No. 1 servo electric cylinder, a piston rod, a piston, a No. 1 gas pipe, a filter, a No. 1 check valve, a No. 2 gas pipe, a No. 2 check valve, a sampling cylinder, a lifting plate, a backflush assembly and a brush assembly. The bottom end of the No. 1 chamber is provided with a cylinder, the top of the No. 1 chamber is provided with a No. 1 servo electric cylinder, the bottom moving end of the No. 1 servo electric cylinder is installed with a lifting plate, the bottom end of the lifting plate is installed with a piston rod, the bottom end of the piston rod is installed with a piston, and the piston slides inside the cylinder A sealing arrangement is provided on the box body, a sampling cylinder is provided on the input end of the sampling cylinder, a filter is provided on the input end of the sampling cylinder, the output end of the sampling cylinder is connected to the input end of the No. 1 gas pipe, the output end of the No. 1 gas pipe is connected to the outer wall of the cylinder body, a No. 1 check valve is installed on the No. 1 gas pipe, the outer wall of the cylinder body is respectively connected to the input end of the backflush component and the input end of the No. 2 gas pipe, the output end of the No. 2 gas pipe is connected to the input end of the gas analyzer, a No. 2 check valve is installed on the No. 2 gas pipe, and the output end of the backflush component extends to the sampling cylinder. When the servo electric cylinder No. 1 is extended and shortened for the sixth time, the purge assembly is closed, so that the gas inside the cylinder passes through the No. 2 gas pipe and the No. 2 check valve and enters the gas analyzer for detection, thereby improving convenience.

[0008] Preferably, the backblowing assembly includes a backblowing pipe, a solenoid valve, an annular tube, and a nozzle. A backblowing pipe is provided on the outer wall of the No. 1 gas supply pipe, and a solenoid valve is provided on the backblowing pipe. The output end of the backblowing pipe extends to the interior of the sampling cylinder and is connected to the input end of the annular tube. Multiple groups of nozzles are installed on the annular tube inside the sampling cylinder. When the No. 1 servo electric cylinder is extended and retracted five times, when the No. 1 servo electric cylinder is shortened, the solenoid valve is closed, so that the external gas enters the cylinder body after being filtered through the filter screen. When the No. 1 servo electric cylinder is extended, the annular tube is opened, so that the gas inside the cylinder body enters the annular tube through the backblowing pipe. The gas entering the annular tube is blown away by the dust on the filter screen inside the sampling cylinder through the multiple groups of nozzles, and at the same time cooperates with the brush assembly to clean the dust on the filter screen. When the No. 1 servo electric cylinder is lifted and lowered for the sixth time, the solenoid valve is closed, so that the gas inside the cylinder body passes through the No. 2 gas supply pipe and the No. 2 check valve into the gas analyzer for detection.

[0009] Preferably, the brush assembly includes a rotating shaft, a cross support plate, bristles, a gear, a light bar and a rack. The box body is rotatably provided with a rotating shaft, the outer end of the rotating shaft is installed with a cross support plate, bristles are arranged on the cross support plate, the inner end of the rotating shaft is installed with a gear, the bottom end of the lifting plate is provided with a rack, the rack is meshed with the gear, and a light bar is longitudinally fixedly provided in the No. 1 chamber, and the light bar is slidably arranged with the rack and the lifting plate; when the No. 1 servo electric cylinder is extended and retracted, the lifting plate drives the rack to rise and fall synchronously, because the rack is meshed with the gear, when the rack is raised and lowered, the light bar is started to rotate, and further the light bar drives the cross support plate to rotate synchronously through the rotating shaft, thereby realizing the cleaning of dust on the outer wall of the filter by the bristles, and realizing automatic filtering and cleaning of dust.

[0010] Preferably, the soil detection assembly includes an axle pin, a sealing door, a support frame, a No. 2 servo electric cylinder, a square plate, a soil detection probe and a rope, wherein the bottom end of the No. 2 chamber is provided with a detection port, and the two groups of sealing doors are respectively hinged to the bottom end of the box body through a group of axle pins, and the bottom end of the No. 2 chamber is provided with a support frame, and the No. 2 servo electric cylinder is installed on the support frame, and the bottom movable end of the No. 2 servo electric cylinder is provided with a square plate, and the bottom end of the square plate is provided with a soil detection probe, and a group of ropes are respectively provided between the soil detection probe and the inner ends of the two groups of sealing doors; before installation, the controller controls the No. 2 servo electric cylinder to shorten, so that the square plate drives the soil detection probe to enter the No. 2 chamber through the detection port, as the square plate rises, the square plate pulls the two groups of sealing doors through the two groups of ropes, so that the two groups of sealing doors cooperate with each other to seal the bottom of the detection port, and when detection is required, the No. 2 servo electric cylinder is operated to extend, and as the square plate is lowered, the two groups of sealing doors release the seal of the detection port under the action of their own gravity, and then the soil detection probe passes through the detection port and is inserted into the soil to detect temperature and moisture.

[0011] Preferably, the recording component includes a recorder, a display screen and a printer. The recorder and the printer are respectively arranged on the box, the recorder is installed with a display screen, and the recorder and the printer are electrically connected to the controller; the recorder displays the time of collecting gas samples, the test results and the test results of soil temperature and moisture through the display screen, and prints the recorded results on paper through the printer to improve convenience.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a handle, and a handle is provided on the top of the box; the staff moves the box by the handle to improve convenience.

[0013] Preferably, it further comprises a sealing gasket, and the inner ends of the two sets of sealing doors are respectively provided with sealing gaskets; the sealing door seals the detection port with the cooperation of the sealing gasket to improve the sealing performance.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a protective cover, which is installed on the box body, and the cross support plate, sampling tube and filter screen are all on the inner side of the protective cover; the protective cover protects the cross support plate, sampling tube and filter screen to prevent impact from foreign objects.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a reinforcing plate, which is arranged between the support frame and the bottom end of the No. 2 chamber; the support frame is installed at the bottom end of the No. 2 chamber with the cooperation of the reinforcing plate to improve the installation firmness.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: when in use, the steel base is fixed on the ground by the positioning legs, the controller controls the sampling component to sample the surrounding gas and transmit it to the gas analyzer for detection, and at the same time operates the soil detection component to detect the temperature and moisture of the soil, and at the same time the recording component records the gas sampling frequency, detection structure and soil temperature and moisture in real time, thereby improving the convenience of detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a first isometric structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a second isometric structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is a first exploded structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 is a second exploded structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 It is an enlarged structural diagram of the No. 2 servo electric cylinder and the sealing door;

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged structural diagram of the middle part;

[0024] Figure 8 It is an enlarged structural diagram of the cylinder and solenoid valve and other structures;

[0025] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of the middle B part;

[0026] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the cross support plate and sampling tube;

[0027] Fig.11 It is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the rotating shaft and the bristles;

[0028] Fig.12 It is an enlarged structural diagram of structures such as an annular tube and a nozzle.

[0029] Markings in the attached drawings: 101, steel base; 102, positioning legs; 103, box; 104, controller; 105, gas analyzer; 106, handle; 201, cylinder; 202, No. 1 servo electric cylinder; 203, piston rod; 204, piston; 205, No. 1 gas pipe; 206, filter; 207, No. 1 check valve; 208, No. 2 gas pipe; 209, No. 2 check valve; 210, sampling cylinder; 211, lifting plate; 301, backflush pipe; 302, solenoid valve; 303, annular tube; 304, nozzle; 401, rotating shaft; 402, cross support plate; 403, bristles; 404, gear; 405, light bar; 406, rack; 407, protective cover; 501, shaft pin; 502, sealing door; 503, support frame; 504, No. 2 servo electric cylinder; 505, square plate; 506, soil detection sensor; 507, rope; 508, sealing pad; 509, reinforcement plate; 601, recorder; 602, display screen; 603, printer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] like Figures 1 to 12As shown, a wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined determination system of the present invention comprises a steel base 101, positioning legs 102, a box 103, a controller 104 and a gas analyzer 105, wherein a group of positioning legs 102 are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom end of the steel base 101, a box 103 is arranged at the top of the steel base 101, a chamber No. 1 and a chamber No. 2 are respectively arranged inside the box 103, a controller 104 is arranged at the front end of the box 103, the gas analyzer 105 is installed at the bottom end of the chamber No. 1, and further comprises a gas sampling component, a soil detection component and a recording component, a gas sampling component is arranged on the box 103, the gas sampling component is used to collect gas and transport it to the gas analyzer 105 for detection, the soil detection component is installed in the chamber No. 2 and is used to detect the temperature and moisture of the soil, and a recording component is installed on the box 103, the recording component is used to record the detection results and monitoring frequency of the gas analyzer 105 and the soil detection component;

[0033] The gas sampling assembly includes a cylinder 201, a No. 1 servo electric cylinder 202, a piston rod 203, a piston 204, a No. 1 gas pipe 205, a filter 206, a No. 1 check valve 207, a No. 2 gas pipe 208, a No. 2 check valve 209, a sampling cylinder 210, a lifting plate 211, a backflush assembly and a brush assembly. The bottom end of the No. 1 chamber is provided with a cylinder 201, the top of the No. 1 chamber is provided with a No. 1 servo electric cylinder, a lifting plate 211 is installed at the bottom moving end of the No. 1 servo electric cylinder 202, a piston rod 203 is installed at the bottom end of the lifting plate 211, a piston 204 is installed at the bottom end of the piston rod 203, and the piston 204 is slidingly sealed inside the cylinder 201. The sampling cylinder 201 is provided on the box 103. 10. A filter screen 206 is provided at the input end of the sampling cylinder 210. The output end of the sampling cylinder 210 is connected to the input end of the No. 1 gas pipe 205. The output end of the No. 1 gas pipe 205 is connected to the outer wall of the cylinder 201. A No. 1 check valve 207 is installed on the No. 1 gas pipe 205. The outer wall of the cylinder 201 is respectively connected to the input end of the back-blowing component and the input end of the No. 2 gas pipe 208. The output end of the No. 2 gas pipe 208 is connected to the input end of the gas analyzer 105. A No. 2 check valve 209 is installed on the No. 2 gas pipe 208. The output end of the back-blowing component extends to the interior of the sampling cylinder 210. A brush assembly is installed on the box 103. The No. 1 servo electric cylinder 202 and the back-blowing assembly are electrically connected to the controller 104.

[0034] The backflush assembly includes a backflush pipe 301, a solenoid valve 302, an annular pipe 303, and a nozzle 304. The outer wall of the No. 1 gas transmission pipe 205 is provided with a backflush pipe 301, and a solenoid valve 302 is provided on the backflush pipe 301. The output end of the backflush pipe 301 extends to the inside of the sampling cylinder 210 and is connected to the input end of the annular pipe 303. Multiple groups of nozzles 304 are installed on the annular pipe 303 inside the sampling cylinder 210.

[0035] The bristle assembly includes a rotating shaft 401, a cross support plate 402, bristles 403, a gear 404, a light bar 405 and a rack 406. The rotating shaft 401 is rotatably arranged on the box body 103, the outer end of the rotating shaft 401 is installed with a cross support plate 402, the cross support plate 402 is provided with bristles 403, the inner end of the rotating shaft 401 is installed with a gear 404, the bottom end of the lifting plate 211 is provided with a rack 406, the rack 406 is meshed with the gear 404, and the light bar 405 is longitudinally fixedly arranged in the No. 1 chamber, and the light bar 405 is slidably arranged with the rack 406 and the lifting plate 211.

[0036] In this embodiment, when in use, the controller 104 controls the No. 1 servo electric cylinder 202. When the No. 1 servo electric cylinder 202 is shortened, the piston rod 203 drives the piston 204 to rise inside the cylinder 201, so that the outside air passes through the filter 206 and then passes through the sampling cylinder 210 and the No. 1 air pipe 205 and passes through the No. 1 check valve 207 to enter the cylinder 201. The No. 1 servo electric cylinder 202 is operated to extend, so that the air inside the cylinder 201 passes through the back-purge component to enter the sampling cylinder 210 to purge the dust on the filter 206. At the same time, the lifting plate 211 operates the bristle component to filter the dust on the filter 206. This is repeated five times. This operation realizes the use of the gas itself to remove dust from the filter 206 while also cleaning the gas in the cylinder 201. The body is replaced to prevent the gas missed last time from interfering with the gas composition this time, thereby improving the detection efficiency. When the No. 1 servo electric cylinder 202 is extended and shortened for the sixth time, the solenoid valve 302 is activated, so that the gas inside the cylinder 201 passes through the No. 2 gas pipe 208 and the No. 2 check valve 209 to enter the gas analyzer 105 for detection. When the No. 1 servo electric cylinder 202 is extended and retracted, the lifting plate 211 drives the rack 406 to rise and fall synchronously. Since the rack 406 is meshed with the gear 404, when the rack 406 is lifted and lowered, the optical rod 405 is started to rotate, and the optical rod 405 further drives the cross support plate 402 to rotate synchronously through the rotating shaft 401, so that the bristles 403 can clean the dust on the outer wall of the filter 206, thereby realizing automatic filtering and cleaning of dust.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] On the basis of Example 1, Figures 1 to 12As shown, a wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined determination system of the present invention, the soil detection component includes an axle pin 501, a sealing door 502, a support frame 503, a No. 2 servo electric cylinder 504, a square plate 505, a soil detection probe 506 and a rope 507, the bottom end of the No. 2 chamber is provided with a detection port, the two groups of sealing doors 502 are respectively hinged to the bottom end of the box body 103 through a group of axle pins 501, the bottom end of the No. 2 chamber is provided with a support frame 503, the No. 2 servo electric cylinder 504 is installed on the support frame 503, the bottom moving end of the No. 2 servo electric cylinder 504 is provided with a square plate 505, the bottom end of the square plate 505 is provided with a soil detection probe 506, and a group of ropes 507 are respectively provided between the soil detection probe 506 and the inner ends of the two groups of sealing doors 502;

[0039] The recording component includes a recorder 601, a display screen 602 and a printer 603. The box 103 is provided with the recorder 601 and the printer 603 respectively. The recorder 601 is provided with a display screen 602. The recorder 601 and the printer 603 are both electrically connected to the controller 104.

[0040] It also includes a handle 106, and the top of the box body 103 is provided with a handle 106;

[0041] It also includes a sealing gasket 508, and the inner ends of the two sets of sealing doors 502 are respectively provided with a sealing gasket 508;

[0042] It also includes a protective cover 407, the protective cover 407 is installed on the box body 103, and the cross support plate 402, the sampling tube 210 and the filter screen 206 are all inside the protective cover 407;

[0043] It also includes a reinforcing plate 509, which is arranged between the support frame 503 and the bottom end of the second chamber.

[0044] In this embodiment, before installation, the controller 104 controls the No. 2 servo electric cylinder 504 to shorten, so that the square plate 505 drives the soil detection probe 506 to enter the No. 2 chamber through the detection port. As the square plate 505 rises, the square plate 505 pulls the two sets of sealing doors 502 through two sets of ropes 507, so that the two sets of sealing doors 502 cooperate with each other to seal the bottom of the detection port. When detection is required, the No. 2 servo electric cylinder 504 is operated to extend. As the square plate 505 is lowered, the two sets of sealing doors 502 release the seal on the detection port under the action of their own gravity. Thereafter, the soil detection probe 506 is inserted into the soil through the detection port to detect temperature and moisture. The recorder 601 displays the time of collecting gas samples, the detection results and the detection results of soil temperature and moisture through the display screen 602, and prints the recorded results on paper through the printer 603.

[0045] The controller 104, gas analyzer 105, No. 1 servo electric cylinder 202, solenoid valve 302, No. 2 servo electric cylinder 504, soil detection probe 506, recorder 601 and printer 603 of the wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined measurement system of the present invention are purchased on the market. Technical personnel in the industry only need to install and operate them according to the accompanying instruction manual, without the need for technical personnel in this field to make creative efforts.

[0046] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined measurement system, comprising a steel base (101), positioning legs (102), a box (103), a controller (104) and a gas analyzer (105), wherein a group of positioning legs (102) are respectively arranged at the four corners of the bottom end of the steel base (101), a box (103) is arranged at the top end of the steel base (101), a first chamber and a second chamber are respectively arranged inside the box (103), a controller (104) is arranged at the front end of the box (103), and the gas analyzer (105) is installed at the bottom end of the first chamber, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a gas sampling component, a soil detection component and a recording component. The box (103) is provided with a gas sampling component, the gas sampling component is used to collect gas and transport it to the gas analyzer (105) for detection. The soil detection component is installed in the second chamber and is used to detect the temperature and moisture of the soil. The box (103) is provided with a recording component, the recording component is used to record the detection results and monitoring frequency of the gas analyzer (105) and the soil detection component.

2. A wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The gas sampling assembly comprises a cylinder (201), a No. 1 servo electric cylinder (202), a piston rod (203), a piston (204), a No. 1 gas transmission pipe (205), a filter (206), a No. 1 check valve (207), a No. 2 gas transmission pipe (208), a No. 2 check valve (209), a sampling cylinder (210), a lifting plate (211), a backflush assembly and a brush assembly. The bottom end of the No. 1 chamber is provided with a cylinder (201), the top end of the No. 1 chamber is provided with a No. 1 servo electric cylinder (202), the bottom movable end of the No. 1 servo electric cylinder (202) is provided with a lifting plate (211), the bottom end of the lifting plate (211) is provided with a piston rod (203), the bottom end of the piston rod (203) is provided with a piston (204), the piston (204) is provided with a sliding seal inside the cylinder (201), and the box (103) is provided with a sampling cylinder. A sample cylinder (210), wherein a filter screen (206) is arranged at the input end of the sampling cylinder (210), the output end of the sampling cylinder (210) is connected to the input end of a No. 1 gas pipe (205), the output end of the No. 1 gas pipe (205) is connected to the outer wall of the cylinder body (201), a No. 1 check valve (207) is installed on the No. 1 gas pipe (205), the outer wall of the cylinder body (201) is respectively connected to the input end of a back-blowing assembly and the input end of a No. 2 gas pipe (208), the output end of the No. 2 gas pipe (208) is connected to the input end of a gas analyzer (105), a No. 2 check valve (209) is installed on the No. 2 gas pipe (208), the output end of the back-blowing assembly extends to the interior of the sampling cylinder (210), a brush assembly is installed on the box body (103), and the No. 1 servo electric cylinder (202) and the back-blowing assembly are electrically connected to the controller (104).

3. A wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined measurement system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The backflush assembly comprises a backflush pipe (301), a solenoid valve (302), an annular pipe (303), and a nozzle (304); the outer wall of the No. 1 gas transmission pipe (205) is provided with a backflush pipe (301); the solenoid valve (302) is provided on the backflush pipe (301); the output end of the backflush pipe (301) extends into the interior of the sampling cylinder (210) and is connected to the input end of the annular pipe (303); and a plurality of nozzles (304) are installed on the annular pipe (303) inside the sampling cylinder (210).

4. A wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined measurement system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The bristle assembly comprises a rotating shaft (401), a cross support plate (402), bristles (403), a gear (404), a light bar (405) and a rack (406); the rotating shaft (401) is rotatably arranged on the box body (103); the outer end of the rotating shaft (401) is mounted with a cross support plate (402); the bristles (403) are arranged on the cross support plate (402); the inner end of the rotating shaft (401) is mounted with a gear (404); the bottom end of the lifting plate (211) is mounted with a rack (406); the rack (406) is meshed with the gear (404); the light bar (405) is longitudinally fixedly arranged in the first chamber; the light bar (405) is slidably arranged with the rack (406) and the lifting plate (211).

5. A wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The soil detection component comprises an axle pin (501), a sealing door (502), a support frame (503), a No. 2 servo electric cylinder (504), a square plate (505), a soil detection probe (506) and a rope (507); a detection port is arranged at the bottom end of the No. 2 chamber; two groups of sealing doors (502) are respectively hinged to the bottom end of the box body (103) through a group of axle pins (501); a support frame (503) is arranged at the bottom end of the No. 2 chamber; a No. 2 servo electric cylinder (504) is installed on the support frame (503); a square plate (505) is arranged at the bottom movable end of the No. 2 servo electric cylinder (504); a soil detection probe (506) is arranged at the bottom end of the square plate (505); and a group of ropes (507) are respectively arranged between the soil detection probe (506) and the inner ends of the two groups of sealing doors (502).

6. A wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The recording component comprises a recorder (601), a display screen (602) and a printer (603). The box (103) is provided with the recorder (601) and the printer (603) respectively. The recorder (601) is provided with the display screen (602). Both the recorder (601) and the printer (603) are electrically connected to the controller (104).

7. A wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined measurement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a handle (106), and the top of the box body (103) is provided with a handle (106).

8. A wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined measurement system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a sealing gasket (508), and the inner ends of the two sets of sealing doors (502) are respectively provided with a sealing gasket (508).

9. A wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined measurement system as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a protective cover (407). The protective cover (407) is installed on the box body (103), and the cross support plate (402), the sampling tube (210) and the filter screen (206) are all located inside the protective cover (407).

10. A wheat field greenhouse gas-ammonia volatilization combined measurement system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a reinforcing plate (509), which is arranged between the support frame (503) and the bottom end of the second chamber.

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