A battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with heat insulation and heat dissipation structure

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of thermal runaway of new energy batteries, and specifically, to a battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure, including an oxygen supply chamber, a simulation chamber, a sandbox storage chamber, an operation control chamber, and a butane storage chamber arranged inside a cabinet, wherein: the oxygen supply chamber is arranged on one side of the cabinet, and an oxygen cylinder is arranged inside it; the simulation chamber and the sandbox storage chamber are both arranged in the middle of the cabinet, and the inner wall of the simulation chamber is pasted with a DSP insulation board; the operation control chamber and the butane storage chamber are both arranged on the other side of the cabinet, and a control management system and a butane storage gas cylinder are respectively arranged. The present application is used to simulate the thermal runaway of the battery, realize the effective simulation of the various conditions after the loss of control such as the injection temperature, pressure, and injection material, and can comprehensively and accurately monitor and analyze the changes in key parameters during the thermal runaway process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of thermal runaway of new energy batteries, and in particular to a battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure. Background Art

[0002] At present, the global new energy battery industry is developing rapidly, China's new energy vehicle market is expanding rapidly, and new industries represented by electrochemical energy storage are booming. The number of new energy power vehicles and energy storage power stations has increased dramatically, and at the same time, it has also brought new safety issues. The risk of fire caused by power batteries and safety accidents in energy storage power stations have aroused widespread global concern.

[0003] Since the causes of battery runaway are relatively complex, battery thermal runaway is inevitable in the manufacturing process, environmental factors, use process, external factors, and other factors, as well as the chemical characteristics of the battery, the current fire-fighting means cannot effectively solve and eliminate the fire hazard, and once thermal runaway occurs, it will bring irreversible human and economic losses. How to safely prevent battery thermal runaway and the corresponding measures to deal with thermal runaway have become a difficult problem.

[0004] In the opinion of experts, the key to safely preventing battery thermal runaway is to understand the characteristics of thermal runaway and take corresponding measures to deal with thermal runaway. The entire industrial system of the battery and application industry needs to conduct research, material upgrades, and safety supporting test upgrades around thermal runaway safety, so as to achieve the ability to resist and control risks after battery runaway.

[0005] At present, the existing simulation detection equipment cannot fully simulate the situation after the battery runs out of control, and cannot comprehensively and accurately monitor and analyze the changes in key parameters during the thermal runaway process; and the existing detection devices generally use ordinary plates for thermal insulation, which has poor insulation effect, complex heat dissipation structure, and unclear heat dissipation effect. When the battery fails and the temperature rises, the internal insulation and heat dissipation of the detection device cannot be well performed, and thermal runaway is prone to occur, causing fire or explosion, posing a safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present application provides a battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure, which can comprehensively and accurately monitor and analyze changes in key parameters during the thermal runaway process.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present application provides a battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure, including an oxygen supply chamber, a simulation chamber, a sandbox storage chamber, an operation control chamber and a butane storage chamber arranged inside a cabinet, wherein: the oxygen supply chamber is arranged on one side of the cabinet, and an oxygen cylinder is arranged inside it, and the oxygen cylinder is connected to the simulation chamber through a gas pipeline; the simulation chamber and the sandbox storage chamber are both arranged in the middle of the cabinet, and a DSP insulation board is pasted on the inner wall of the simulation chamber; the operation control chamber and the butane storage chamber are both arranged on the other side of the cabinet; a control management system is arranged inside the operation control chamber, and a butane storage gas cylinder is arranged inside the butane storage chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the simulation chamber is provided with a battery rack, an ignition and heating device, a sandblasting device and an exhaust device, wherein: the battery rack is fixed on the top plate of the simulation chamber; the ignition and heating device is arranged below the battery rack, is electrically connected to the control management system, and is also connected to the butane storage cylinder through a gas pipeline; the sandblasting device is arranged on the side panel of the simulation chamber, is electrically connected to the control management system, and is also connected to the sandbox storage chamber; the exhaust device is arranged at the air outlet of the back plate of the simulation chamber, and is electrically connected to the control management system.

[0009] Furthermore, an air inlet is provided on the back plate of the simulation chamber; and filters are provided at the air inlet and the air outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, an emergency exhaust device is also provided on the outside of the top plate of the simulation chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, the DSP heat insulation board is obtained by composite curing of the heat insulation base material and the phase change material solution and then sealing and hot pressing through a packaging structure.

[0012] Furthermore, a multi-channel temperature recorder, a gas alarm controller, a pressure recorder, a time delay relay and a control button are arranged outside the operation control chamber, wherein: the multi-channel temperature recorder, the gas alarm controller, the pressure recorder, the time delay relay and the control button are all electrically connected to the control management system; the multi-channel temperature recorder has multiple operation display screens and parameter setting interfaces; the gas alarm controller is composed of a high-sensitivity gas sensor; the pressure recorder adopts a universal signal input; the time delay relay adopts MCU technology to control the circuit; the control buttons include a switch button, an ignition button, a sandblasting button, a timer button and an exhaust button.

[0013] Furthermore, an audible and visual alarm is arranged on the top of the cabinet, and the audible and visual alarm is electrically connected to the control management system.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of sets of universal wheels are arranged at the bottom of the cabinet.

[0015] The present application provides a battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The present application is internally provided with a DSP heat insulation board to insulate the simulated battery thermal runaway space inside, thereby absorbing and insulating heat, reducing the risk of thermal runaway of the heat source, and preventing the spread of fire; at the same time, an exhaust device is provided for heat dissipation, with a simple structure and good heat dissipation effect.

[0017] (2) This application integrates core components such as multi-channel temperature recorders, gas alarm controllers, pressure recorders and delay relays to effectively simulate the injection temperature, pressure and injection material after loss of control. It can fully simulate the situation after the battery loses control and can comprehensively and accurately monitor and analyze the changes in key parameters during thermal runaway.

[0018] (3) This application uses advanced sensor technology to ensure that the data is accurate and reliable; multiple alarm mechanisms can effectively prevent safety hazards during the experiment; modular design can increase monitoring channels or functional modules according to specific needs; intuitive operation interface supports data export and analysis, which is convenient for scientific researchers to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application, so that other features, purposes and advantages of this application become more obvious. The schematic embodiment drawings and their descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation on this application. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] In the figure: 1-cabinet, 2-oxygen supply chamber, 3-simulation chamber, 31-battery rack, 32-ignition heating device, 33-exhaust device, 34-air inlet, 4-sandbox storage chamber, 5-operation control chamber, 51-multi-channel temperature recorder, 52-gas alarm controller, 53-pressure recorder, 54-delay relay, 55-control button, 6-butane storage chamber, 7-DSP insulation board, 8-emergency exhaust device, 9-sound and light alarm, 10-universal wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0025] In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0026] In addition, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] In addition, the term "plurality" shall mean two or more.

[0028] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 1-2As shown, the present application provides a battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure, including an oxygen supply chamber 2, a simulation chamber 3, a sandbox storage chamber 4, an operation control chamber 5 and a butane storage chamber 6 arranged inside a cabinet 1, wherein: the oxygen supply chamber 2 is arranged on one side of the cabinet 1, and an oxygen cylinder is arranged inside it, and the oxygen cylinder is connected to the simulation chamber 3 through a gas pipeline; the simulation chamber 3 and the sandbox storage chamber 4 are both arranged in the middle of the cabinet 1, and a DSP insulation board 7 is pasted on the inner wall of the simulation chamber 3; the operation control chamber 5 and the butane storage chamber 6 are arranged on the other side of the cabinet 1, and a control management system is arranged inside the operation control chamber 5; a butane storage gas cylinder is arranged inside the butane storage chamber 6.

[0030] Specifically, the battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure provided in the embodiment of the present application is mainly used to simulate the thermal runaway situation of the battery, realize the effective simulation of various situations after the runaway of the injection temperature, pressure, injection material, etc., and can comprehensively and accurately monitor and analyze the changes of key parameters in the thermal runaway process, and provide strong data support for material research and development, battery safety assessment and improvement of new energy technologies.

[0031] More specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, the device as a whole is a box-type structure consisting of a top surface, a bottom surface, a front surface, a back surface, two side panels and two middle vertical panels; the interior of the cabinet 1 is divided into multiple chambers, of which the left side is an oxygen supply chamber 2 for placing oxygen storage cylinders to provide the required oxygen for battery thermal runaway; the middle upper half of the cabinet 1 is a simulation chamber 3 for placing batteries and burning the batteries to simulate the situation of battery thermal runaway. Since this space is a closed high-temperature space, in order to prevent the excessive temperature inside the simulation chamber 3 from affecting the surrounding chambers, DSP insulation boards 7 are set on the surrounding side walls and upper and lower surfaces of the simulation chamber 3. The DSP insulation board 7 is made of phase change material composite, and its insulation effect is better than that of traditional insulation boards; the middle lower half of the cabinet 1 is a sandbox storage chamber 4, which is used to store sand and realize the test of the impact resistance of the battery to be tested; the upper right half of the cabinet 1 is an operation control chamber 5, which is equipped with a control management system. The control management system takes a high-end microcontroller as the core, which is used to simulate various controls in the detection process and collect and store various parameters; the lower right half of the cabinet 1 is a butane storage chamber 6, which is equipped with a butane storage gas cylinder for providing raw materials for the ignition heating device 32 inside the simulation chamber 3.

[0032] Furthermore, a battery rack 31, an ignition and heating device 32, a sandblasting device and an exhaust device 33 are provided inside the simulation chamber 3, wherein: the battery rack 31 is fixed on the top plate of the simulation chamber 3; the ignition and heating device 32 is arranged below the battery rack 31, is electrically connected to the control management system, and is also connected to the butane storage cylinder through a gas pipeline; the sandblasting device is arranged on the side panel of the simulation chamber 3, is electrically connected to the control management system, and is also connected to the sandbox storage chamber 4; the exhaust device 33 is arranged at the air outlet of the back plate of the simulation chamber 3, and is electrically connected to the control management system.

[0033] Specifically, the interior of the simulation chamber 3 is mainly used to simulate the situation of battery thermal runaway, so as to collect various parameters of the battery during the thermal runaway process and realize the evaluation of battery performance. The battery placement rack 31 is used to place the battery to be tested; the ignition and heating device 32 uses butane as a raw material for ignition and heating to make the battery burn. The temperature of the ignition and heating device 32 can be adjusted according to the actual situation, so as to realize the performance test of the battery at different temperatures; the sandblasting device is used to test the impact resistance of the battery to be tested; the exhaust device 33 is mainly composed of an exhaust fan, which is set at the air outlet of the simulation chamber 3, and is used for exhaust and heat dissipation during the detection process to prevent the temperature inside the simulation chamber 3 from being too high.

[0034] Furthermore, an air inlet 34 is provided on the back plate of the simulation chamber 3; and filters are provided at the air inlet 34 and the air outlet. The air inlet 34 and the air outlet are used for gas interaction with the outside world to ensure the combustion effect and heat dissipation effect inside the simulation chamber 3; the filter is used to filter and purify the inlet and outlet gases to prevent the generation of toxic gases to pollute the environment.

[0035] Furthermore, an emergency exhaust device 8 is also provided outside the top plate of the simulation chamber 3. The emergency exhaust device 8 is provided at the top plate outside the simulation chamber 3, and preferably a manual emergency exhaust device 8 is used. When an emergency situation occurs and the simulation chamber 3 needs to discharge a large amount of gas to the outside, the emergency exhaust device 8 can be manually opened to discharge the gas.

[0036] Furthermore, the DSP heat insulation board 7 is obtained by curing the heat insulation base material and the phase change material solution through the packaging structure sealing hot pressing molding. The DSP heat insulation board 7 is formed by curing the carbon nanotubes and the phase change material, and is attached to all the inner walls of the simulation chamber 3 to insulate the simulated battery thermal runaway space inside, which can achieve heat absorption and insulation, reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the heat source, and prevent the spread of fire.

[0037] Furthermore, the outside of the operation control chamber 5 is provided with a multi-channel temperature recorder 51, a gas alarm controller 52, a pressure recorder 53, a delay relay 54 and a control button 55, wherein: the multi-channel temperature recorder 51, the gas alarm controller 52, the pressure recorder 53, the delay relay 54 and the control button 55 are all electrically connected to the control management system; the multi-channel temperature recorder 51 has multiple operation display screens and parameter setting interfaces; the gas alarm controller 52 is composed of a high-sensitivity gas sensor; the pressure recorder 53 adopts a universal signal input; the delay relay 54 adopts MCU technology to control the circuit; the control button 55 includes a switch button, an ignition button, a sandblasting button, a timer button and an exhaust button.

[0038] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, an instrument management system, a safety alarm system and a circuit management system are arranged inside the operation control chamber 5, and core components such as an integrated multi-channel temperature recorder 51, a gas alarm controller 52, a pressure recorder 53 and a delay relay 54 are configured. Among them, the multi-channel temperature recorder 51 can monitor and record the temperature changes of the battery and the surrounding environment in real time to ensure the high accuracy and real-time nature of the data; the temperature threshold alarm can be set, and once the temperature exceeds the preset safety range, the alarm is immediately triggered to ensure the safety of the experiment; the recorder has multiple operation display screens and parameter setting interfaces, with clear display, large amount of information and convenient parameter setting. The gas alarm controller 52 is equipped with a high-sensitivity gas sensor that can detect harmful gases (such as CO, H 2 , CH 4 etc.), timely issue early warning to prevent the harm caused by gas leakage; it can support gas concentration historical data query, which is convenient for subsequent analysis and research. The pressure recorder 53 adopts universal signal input, which can be used for the measurement, recording, alarm and control of signals such as current, voltage, temperature, liquid level, humidity, pressure, weight, length, vacuum value, switch quantity, flow rate, etc.; it adopts touch LCD display technology and Chinese operation interface, provides flexible timing control function, and can set the time point of starting, stopping or switching experimental conditions according to experimental requirements to realize complex thermal runaway simulation scenarios. The delay relay 54 adopts MCU technology control circuit, with accurate delay, and adjusts data by key. The digital tube displays function mode, time and other parameters. All parameters are set with power-off memory storage function; it has 40 common functions such as trigger delay, power-on delay, signal retention and disappearance delay, counting, etc., and can support special function customization. The control button 55 is mainly set according to the actual control situation, which is used to realize control and adjustment functions such as ignition, sandblasting, exhaust, etc.; in addition, an emergency stop button is also provided. When special circumstances occur, the emergency stop button can be directly activated to prevent the operation of the simulation detection device.

[0039] Furthermore, an audible and visual alarm 9 is provided on the top of the cabinet 1, and the audible and visual alarm 9 is electrically connected to the control management system. The audible and visual alarm 9 is used for flashing lights and buzzing alarms, and can timely alarm and remind staff when the analog detection device has excessive temperature, large-scale gas leakage, etc.

[0040] Furthermore, the bottom of the cabinet 1 is provided with a plurality of sets of universal wheels 10. The bottom of the cabinet 1 is provided with a plurality of sets of universal wheels 10, which facilitates the overall transportation and movement of the simulation detection device.

[0041] Specifically, the battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure provided in the embodiment of the present application mainly includes the following steps when performing simulation detection:

[0042] Step 1: Place the simulated test device in a well-ventilated laboratory without corrosive gases and strong vibration interference;

[0043] Step 2: Before use, check whether all cables are firmly connected and ensure that each sensor is properly connected to the device host;

[0044] Step 3: Turn on the main switch of the equipment, start the system, and enter the main interface; according to the experimental requirements, set the temperature monitoring channel on the multi-channel temperature recorder 51 and adjust the alarm threshold; select the type of gas to be monitored on the gas alarm controller 52 and set the alarm concentration; configure the pressure monitoring range and alarm conditions of the pressure recorder 53; use the delay relay 54 to set the time point for the experiment to start, end or switch conditions, such as 120 seconds;

[0045] Step 4: Place the battery or material to be tested inside the simulation chamber 3 according to the experimental design, ensure that the battery is in a safe state, and connect the connection wire between the battery and the device;

[0046] Step 5: After confirming that all settings are correct, click the "Ignition" button, and the simulation detection device will start simulating the thermal runaway process according to the preset conditions;

[0047] Step 6: During the experiment, closely monitor the changes of various parameters on the main interface of the equipment and record the data in time; in case of abnormal conditions, such as temperature exceeding the standard, gas concentration alarm, etc., take emergency measures immediately and click the "Emergency Stop" button to ensure the safety of the experiment;

[0048] Step 7: After the experiment, turn off the power of the device and export the recorded data to a computer or other storage device for subsequent data analysis and research;

[0049] Step 8: Based on the experimental results, evaluate the performance of the battery under thermal runaway conditions.

[0050] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure, characterized in that: It includes an oxygen supply chamber, a simulation chamber, a sandbox storage chamber, an operation control chamber and a butane storage chamber arranged inside the cabinet, wherein: The oxygen supply chamber is arranged at one side of the cabinet, and an oxygen cylinder is arranged inside the chamber, and the oxygen cylinder is connected with the simulation chamber through a gas pipeline; The simulation chamber and the sandbox storage chamber are both arranged in the middle of the cabinet, and the inner wall of the simulation chamber is pasted with a DSP heat insulation board; The operation control chamber and the butane storage chamber are both arranged on the other side of the cabinet; A control management system is arranged inside the operation control chamber, and a butane storage gas cylinder is arranged inside the butane storage chamber.

2. The battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The simulation chamber is provided with a battery placement rack, an ignition heating device, a sandblasting device and an exhaust device, wherein: The battery placement rack is fixed on the top plate of the simulation chamber; The ignition heating device is arranged below the battery placement rack, is electrically connected to the control management system, and is also connected to the butane storage cylinder through a gas pipeline; The sandblasting device is arranged on the side plate of the simulation chamber, is electrically connected to the control management system, and is also connected to the sandbox storage chamber; The exhaust device is arranged at the air outlet of the back plate of the simulation chamber and is electrically connected to the control management system.

3. The battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An air inlet is also provided on the back plate of the simulation chamber; and filters are provided at the air inlet and the air outlet.

4. The battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: An emergency exhaust device is also arranged outside the top plate of the simulation chamber.

5. The battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The DSP heat insulation board is obtained by composite curing of a heat insulation base material and a phase change material solution and then sealing and hot pressing through a packaging structure.

6. According to the battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure according to claim 5, a multi-channel temperature recorder, a gas alarm controller, a pressure recorder, a time delay relay and a control button are arranged outside the operation control chamber, wherein: The multi-channel temperature recorder, the gas alarm controller, the pressure recorder, the time delay relay and the control button are all electrically connected to the control management system; The multi-channel temperature recorder has multiple operation display screens and parameter setting interfaces; The gas alarm controller is composed of a high-sensitivity gas sensor; The pressure recorder adopts universal signal input; The time delay relay adopts MCU technology control circuit; The control buttons include a switch button, an ignition button, a sandblasting button, a timer button and an exhaust button.

7. The battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: An audible and visual alarm is arranged on the top of the cabinet, and the audible and visual alarm is electrically connected to the control and management system.

8. The battery thermal runaway performance simulation detection device with a heat insulation and heat dissipation structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A plurality of sets of universal wheels are arranged at the bottom of the cabinet.

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