Antenna components and electronic equipment

Abstract

The present application provides an antenna assembly and an electronic device. The antenna assembly includes a radiator, a switch assembly and a feed source; the radiator is sequentially provided with a free end, a first connection point, a second connection point and a ground end; the switch assembly is electrically connected to the first connection point and the second connection point; the feed source is electrically connected to the switch assembly; the antenna assembly has a first state and a second state, when the antenna assembly is in the first state, the first connection point is electrically connected to the feed source, the second connection point is grounded, the radiator is excited by the feed source to support the target frequency band and has a first directional pattern; when the antenna assembly is in the second state, the first connection point is grounded, the second connection point is electrically connected to the feed source, the radiator is excited by the feed source to support the target frequency band and has a second directional pattern, and the second directional pattern is different from the first directional pattern. The antenna assembly of the present application can achieve adjustable directional pattern of the target frequency band through a single antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna assembly and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technology, electronic devices with communication functions such as mobile phones are becoming more and more popular and their functions are becoming more and more powerful. Electronic devices usually include antennas to realize the communication function of electronic devices. However, the communication performance of antenna components in electronic devices in related technologies is not good enough and there is still room for improvement. Summary of the invention

[0003] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly comprising:

[0004] A radiator, wherein a free end, a first connection point, a second connection point and a grounding end are sequentially arranged on the radiator;

[0005] a switch component electrically connected to the first connection point and the second connection point; and

[0006] a feed source electrically connected to the switch assembly;

[0007] The antenna assembly has a first state and a second state. When the antenna assembly is in the first state, the first connection point is electrically connected to the feed source, the second connection point is grounded, and the radiator is excited by the feed source to support a target frequency band and has a first directivity pattern.

[0008] When the antenna assembly is in a second state, the first connection point is grounded, the second connection point is electrically connected to the feed source, the radiator is excited by the feed source to support the target frequency band and has a second radiation pattern, which is different from the first radiation pattern.

[0009] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, wherein the electronic device includes the antenna assembly as described in the first aspect.

[0010] In summary, the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, by designing the radiator, feed source, and antenna assembly of the antenna assembly, the radiator includes a free end, a first connection point, a second connection point, and a ground end arranged in sequence, and using the state of the switch assembly to change the antenna form when the antenna assembly supports the target frequency band, thereby changing the current distribution of the antenna assembly in the first state and the second state, and realizing the directional pattern reconstruction of a single antenna. The first directional pattern of the antenna assembly in the first state and the second directional pattern of the antenna assembly in the second state are different, and the directional pattern complementation can be effectively formed. Specifically, in the target frequency band, the area with a weak signal in the first directional pattern of the antenna assembly in the first state will be covered by the area with a strong signal in the second directional pattern of the antenna assembly in the second state. Correspondingly, in the target frequency band, the area with a weak signal in the second directional pattern of the antenna assembly in the second state will be covered by the area with a strong signal in the first directional pattern of the antenna assembly in the first state. It can be seen that by adjusting the state of the switch assembly, the antenna assembly can have a better communication effect in the target frequency band, thereby improving the communication experience when the antenna assembly supports the target frequency band. It can be seen that the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application has a better communication effect in the target frequency band. In addition, since the directional pattern of the target frequency band can be reconstructed using a single antenna assembly, there is no need to use multiple antenna assemblies to reconstruct the directional pattern of the target frequency band. It can be seen that the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application is conducive to saving the cost of the antenna assembly and saving the space of the electronic device to which the antenna assembly is applied. When the antenna assembly is applied to an electronic device, it is convenient to layout it in the electronic device together with other components of the electronic device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0012] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in FIG. 1 when the antenna assembly is in a first state;

[0014] Figure 3 for Figure 1 An equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in when it is in the second state;

[0015] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the resonant current when the antenna assembly shown in is in a first state;

[0016] Figure 5 A detailed schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment;

[0017] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the resonant current when the antenna assembly shown in is in the second state;

[0018] Figure 7 A detailed schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided for another embodiment;

[0019] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the switch assembly shown in ;

[0020] Fig. 9 A detailed schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided for yet another embodiment;

[0021] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the switch assembly shown in ;

[0022] Fig.11 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the dimensions of various parts of the radiator of the provided antenna assembly;

[0023] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of various parts of a radiator of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment;

[0024] Fig.13 A detailed schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided for yet another embodiment;

[0025] Fig.14 for Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the switch assembly shown in ;

[0026] Fig.15 A three-dimensional radiation pattern of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application when in a first state;

[0027] Fig.16 for Fig.15 The antenna assembly in the embodiment supports a two-dimensional radiation pattern of a second target frequency band when the antenna assembly is in a first state;

[0028] Fig.17 A three-dimensional directional diagram of a line assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application when in a second state;

[0029] Fig.18 for Fig.17The antenna assembly in the embodiment supports a two-dimensional radiation pattern of a second target frequency band when the antenna assembly is in a second state;

[0030] Fig.19 A schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig. 20 for Fig.19 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of an electronic device;

[0032] Fig.21 A circuit block diagram of an electronic device provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solution of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in the present application are only a part of the embodiments, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0034] Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative to other embodiments. It can be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0035] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example: a component or device including one or more parts is not limited to the one or more parts listed, but optionally includes one or more parts that are not listed but inherent to the exemplified product, or one or more parts that it should have based on the described function.

[0036] Please also read Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 An equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in FIG. 1 when the antenna assembly is in a first state; Figure 3 for Figure 1The equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in the second state. The antenna assembly 10 includes a radiator 110, a switch assembly 120 and a feed source S. The radiator 110 is sequentially provided with a free end 111, a first connection point P1, a second connection point P2 and a ground terminal 112. The switch assembly 120 is electrically connected to the first connection point P1 and the second connection point P2. The feed source S is electrically connected to the switch assembly 120. The antenna assembly 10 has a first state and a second state. When the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the first connection point P1 is electrically connected to the feed source S, the second connection point P2 is grounded, the radiator 110 is excited by the feed source S to support the target frequency band and has a first directional diagram. When the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the first connection point P1 is grounded, the second connection point P2 is electrically connected to the feed source S, the radiator 110 is excited by the feed source S to support the target frequency band and has a second directional diagram, and the second directional diagram is different from the first directional diagram.

[0037] The radiator 110 may be a laser direct structuring (LDS) radiator, or a flexible printed circuit (FPC) radiator, or a print direct structuring (PDS) radiator, or a metal branch radiator. When the antenna assembly 10 is applied to an electronic device 1, the radiator 110 may be a laser direct structuring (LDS) radiator, or a flexible printed circuit (FPC) radiator, or a print direct structuring (PDS) radiator, or a metal branch radiator. Fig.19 and Fig. 20 ) A mechanical design antenna (MDA) radiator with its own metal insert design. For example, the radiator 110 can be an antenna radiator designed using the middle frame 30 formed of plastic and metal of the electronic device 1. In addition, the radiator 110 can also be a metal frame radiator designed from a metal middle frame.

[0038] The ground terminal 112 may be electrically connected to the ground electrode through a grounding member. The grounding member may be, but is not limited to, a conductive screw, conductive glue, conductive spring sheet, conductive connecting rib, etc. When the antenna assembly 10 is applied to an electronic device 1, the ground electrode may include, but is not limited to, the electronic device 1 (see Fig.19 and Fig. 20 ) the frame body 310 of the middle frame 30, or the ground of the circuit board of the electronic device 1, or the shielding part of the display screen 70 of the electronic device 1, or the conductive shell 90 of the electronic device 1, etc.

[0039] The structure of the switch assembly 120 will be described in detail later.

[0040] When the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the first connection point P1 is electrically connected to the feed source S, and the second connection point P2 is grounded. In other words, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the first connection point P1 serves as a feeding point of the radiator 110, and the second connection point P2 serves as a grounding point (also called a feeding point) of the radiator 110. Therefore, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the feed source S and the portion between the free end 111 of the radiator 110 and the second connection point P2 constitute an inverted F antenna (IFA). The inverted F antenna is referred to as an IFA antenna.

[0041] When the switch is in the second state, the first connection point P1 is grounded, and the second connection point P2 is electrically connected to the feed source S. In other words, when the switch component 120 is in the second state, the first connection point P1 serves as the grounding point of the radiator 110, and the second connection point P2 serves as the feeding point of the radiator 110. Therefore, when the antenna component 10 is in the second state, the feed source S and the portion between the first connection point P1 and the grounding terminal 112 of the radiator 110 constitute a loop antenna (Loop Antenna). The loop antenna is referred to as a loop antenna.

[0042] It can be seen that when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the feeding point and the grounding point of the radiator 110 are located at different positions from those when the switch assembly 120 is in the first state. Therefore, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the antenna shape of the antenna assembly 10 is different from that when the switch assembly 120 is in the second state.

[0043] From the above introduction, it can be known that the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the antenna assembly 10 is an IFA antenna supporting the target frequency band; when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the antenna assembly 10 is a Loop antenna supporting the target frequency band. Therefore, when the switch assembly 120 is in the first state and the second state, the antenna shape supporting the target frequency band changes, and the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 supporting the target frequency band changes accordingly. It can be seen that the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application can adjust the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 supporting the target frequency band by controlling the state of the switch assembly 120.

[0044] In summary, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is designed by designing the radiator 110, the feed source S, and the antenna assembly 10 of the antenna assembly 10. The radiator 110 includes a free end 111, a first connection point P1, a second connection point P2, and a ground terminal 112 arranged in sequence. The state of the switch assembly 120 is used to change the antenna form of the antenna assembly 10 when supporting the target frequency band, thereby changing the current distribution of the antenna assembly 10 in the first state and the second state, and realizing the directional pattern reconstruction of a single antenna. The first directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 in the first state and the second directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 in the second state are different, and the directional pattern complementation can be effectively formed. Specifically, in the target frequency band, the area with a weak signal in the first directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 in the first state will be covered by the area with a strong signal in the second directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 in the second state. Correspondingly, in the target frequency band, the area with a weak signal in the second directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 in the second state will be covered by the area with a strong signal in the first directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 in the first state. It can be seen that by adjusting the state of the switch component 120, the antenna component 10 can have a better communication effect in the target frequency band, thereby improving the communication experience when the antenna component 10 supports the target frequency band. It can be seen that the antenna component 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application has a better communication effect in the target frequency band. In addition, since the reconstruction of the directional pattern of the target frequency band can be achieved using a single antenna component 10, there is no need to use multiple antenna components 10 to achieve the reconstruction of the directional pattern of the target frequency band. It can be seen that the antenna component 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is conducive to saving the cost of the antenna component 10, as well as saving the space of the electronic device 1 to which the antenna component 10 is applied. When the antenna component 10 is applied to the electronic device 1, it is convenient to be laid out in the electronic device 1 with other devices of the electronic device 1.

[0045] In a related art (which should not be understood as the prior art), the phased beam array scanning principle is used, and directional beam coverage is achieved using multiple antenna assemblies 10. However, in the related art, using multiple antenna assemblies 10 to achieve directional beam coverage requires multiple antenna ports, which greatly increases the complexity and cost of the RF front-end design.

[0046] The antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application does not need to use complex phased array beam scanning to adjust the radiation pattern. Therefore, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application can be adapted to a relatively simple RF front-end circuit with lower cost.

[0047] For further information, see Figure 4 , Figure 4 for Figure 2Schematic diagram of the resonant current when the antenna assembly is in the first state. When the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the feed source S excites the first resonant mode of the radiator 110 to support the target frequency band, wherein the first resonant mode is a quarter-wavelength mode from the free end 111 to the second connection point P2.

[0048] For the convenience of description, the resonant current corresponding to the first resonant mode is named the first resonant current I1. As can be seen from the previous introduction, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the feed source S excites the portion from the free end 111 of the radiator 110 to the second connection point P2 to support the target frequency band. Specifically, the feed source S excites the first resonant mode of the portion from the free end 111 of the radiator 110 to the second connection point P2 to support the target frequency band. In the current half-wavelength period shown in the figure, the first resonant current I1 flows from the free end 111 to the second connection point P2. It can be understood that the first resonant current I1 changes periodically, and in the next half-wavelength period, the first resonant current I1 flows from the second connection point P2 to the free end 111.

[0049] It should be noted that the “wavelength” in the first resonance mode, which is a quarter-wavelength mode from the free end 111 to the second connection point P2, refers to the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency (also called the center frequency point) of the target frequency band.

[0050] A quarter-wavelength mode, also known as a fundamental mode, when the fundamental mode supports the target frequency band, the antenna assembly 10 has a higher radiation effect in the target frequency band. In this embodiment, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the feed source S excites the first resonant mode of the radiator 110 to support the target frequency band, wherein the first resonant mode is a quarter-wavelength mode from the free end 111 to the second connection point P2, therefore, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the antenna assembly 10 has a higher radiation efficiency in the target frequency band.

[0051] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 Detailed schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment. The switch assembly 120 includes a first switch 121 and a second switch 122. One end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the first connection point P1, and the other end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the feed source S. One end of the second switch 122 is electrically connected to the second connection point P2, and the other end of the second switch 122 is grounded. When the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the first switch 121 is turned on, and the second switch 122 is turned on.

[0052] One end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the first connection point P1, and the other end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the feed source S, so when the first switch 121 is turned on, the first connection point P1 is electrically connected to the feed source S; when the first switch 121 is turned off, the first connection point P1 is electrically disconnected from the first feed source S. In other words, when the first switch 121 is turned on, the feed source S is electrically connected to the first connection point P1 through the first switch 121; when the first switch 121 is turned off, the feed source S is electrically disconnected from the first connection point P1 through the first switch 121.

[0053] Correspondingly, one end of the second switch 122 is electrically connected to the second connection point P2, and the other end of the second switch 122 is grounded. Therefore, when the second switch 122 is turned on, the second connection point P2 is electrically connected to the ground; when the second switch 122 is turned off, the second connection end is electrically disconnected from the ground.

[0054] In this embodiment, since one end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the first connection point P1 and the other end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the feed source S, when the first switch 121 is turned on, the feed source S is electrically connected to the first connection point P1 through the first switch 121. Since one end of the second switch 122 is electrically connected to the second connection point P2 and the other end of the second switch 122 is grounded, when the second switch 122 is turned on, the second connection point P2 is grounded through the second switch 122.

[0055] It can be seen that in the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the switch assembly 120 includes a first switch 121 and a second switch 122, one end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the first connection point P1, and the other end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the feed source S. One end of the second switch 122 is electrically connected to the second connection point P2, and the other end of the second switch 122 is grounded. Therefore, the antenna assembly 10 can be placed in the first state by controlling the first switch 121 and the second switch 122. It can be seen that the device structure of the switch assembly 120 of the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is simple and easy to implement.

[0056] Further, the switch component 120 has a common port 120a, a first port 120b and a second port 120c. The common port 120a is electrically connected to the feed source S. The first port 120b is electrically connected to the first connection point P1, and the first port 120b is electrically connected to the one end of the first switch 121, and the other end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the common port 120a. The second port 120c is electrically connected to the second connection point P2, and the second port 120c is electrically connected to the one end of the second switch 122.

[0057] In this embodiment, the switch assembly 120 has a common port 120a, the common port 120a is electrically connected to the feed source S, the first port 120b is electrically connected to the first connection point P1, the first port 120b is electrically connected to the one end of the first switch 121, and the other end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the common port 120a. In other words, the feed source S is connected to the first connection point P1 through the common port 120a, the first switch 121, and the first port 120b. When the first switch 121 is turned on, the feed source S can be electrically connected to the first connection point P1; when the first switch 121 is turned off, the feed source S can be disconnected from the first connection point P1.

[0058] Accordingly, in this embodiment, the second port 120c is electrically connected to the second connection point P2, the second port 120c is electrically connected to the one end of the second switch 122, and the other end of the second switch 122 is grounded. In other words, the second connection point P2 is grounded through the second port 120c and the second switch 122. When the second switch 122 is turned on, the second connection point P2 can be grounded; when the second switch 122 is turned off, the second connection point P2 can be disconnected from the ground.

[0059] It can be seen that the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the switch assembly 120 has a common port 120a, a first port 120b and a second port 120c, the common port 120a is electrically connected to the feed source S, the first port 120b is electrically connected to the first connection point P1, and the first port 120b is electrically connected to the one end of the first switch 121, the other end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the common port 120a, the second port 120c is electrically connected to the second connection point P2, and the second port 120c is electrically connected to the one end of the second switch 122; the antenna assembly 10 can be placed in the first state by controlling the first switch 121 and the second switch 122. It can be seen that the device structure of the switch assembly 120 of the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is simple and easy to implement.

[0060] See also Figure 6 , Figure 6 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the resonant current when the antenna assembly is in the second state. When the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the feed source S excites the second resonant mode of the radiator 110 to support the target frequency band, wherein the second resonant mode is a half-wavelength mode from the ground terminal 112 to the first connection point P1.

[0061] For the convenience of description, the resonant current corresponding to the second resonant mode is named as the second resonant current I2. As can be seen from the previous description, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the feed source S excites the portion between the first connection point P1 and the ground terminal 112 of the radiator 110 to support the target frequency band. Specifically, the feed source S excites the portion between the first connection point P1 and the ground terminal 112 of the radiator 110 to support the second resonant mode to support the target frequency band. In the current half-wavelength period shown in the figure, the second resonant current I2 flows from the first connection point P1 to the ground terminal 112, and the second resonant current I2 has two current strong points and one current weak point. One of the two current strong points is located at the first connection point P1, and the other of the two current strong points is located at the ground terminal 112. The midpoint of the first connection point P1 and the ground terminal 112 in the radiator 110 is named as the center point O1. The current weak point is located at the center point O1.

[0062] It can be understood that the second resonant current I2 changes periodically. In the next half-wavelength period, the second resonant current I2 flows from the ground terminal 112 to the first connection point P1. The second resonant current I2 has two current strong points and one current weak point. One of the two current strong points is located at the first connection point P1, and the other of the two current strong points is located at the ground terminal 112. The midpoint of the first connection point P1 and the ground terminal 112 in the radiator 110 is named as the center point O1. The current weak point is located at the center point O1.

[0063] It should be noted that the “wavelength” in the second resonance mode, which is a half-wavelength mode from the ground end 112 to the first connection point P1, refers to the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency (also called the center frequency point) of the target frequency band.

[0064] It can be seen that the antenna component 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the radiator 110 includes a free end 111, a first connection point P1, a second connection point P2 and a ground terminal 112 arranged in sequence, and the state of the switch component 120 is used to change the antenna form of the antenna component 10 when supporting the target frequency band, thereby changing the current distribution of the antenna component 10 in the first state and the second state, and realizing the reconstruction of the directional pattern of a single antenna. The first directional pattern of the antenna component 10 in the first state and the second directional pattern of the antenna component 10 in the second state are different, and the directional pattern complementation can be effectively formed. Specifically, in the target frequency band, the area with a weaker signal in the first directional pattern of the antenna component 10 in the first state will be covered by the area with a stronger signal in the second directional pattern of the antenna component 10 in the second state. Correspondingly, in the target frequency band, the area with a weaker signal in the second directional pattern of the antenna component 10 in the second state will be covered by the area with a stronger signal in the first directional pattern of the antenna component 10 in the first state. It can be seen that by adjusting the state of the switch component 120, the antenna component 10 can have a better communication effect in the target frequency band, thereby improving the communication experience when the antenna component 10 supports the target frequency band. It can be seen that the antenna component 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application has a better communication effect in the target frequency band. In addition, since the reconstruction of the directional pattern of the target frequency band can be achieved using a single antenna component 10, there is no need to use multiple antenna components 10 to achieve the reconstruction of the directional pattern of the target frequency band. It can be seen that the antenna component 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is conducive to saving the cost of the antenna component 10, as well as saving the space of the electronic device 1 to which the antenna component 10 is applied. When the antenna component 10 is applied to the electronic device 1, it is convenient to be laid out in the electronic device 1 with other devices of the electronic device 1.

[0065] Please also read Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 7 A detailed schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided for another embodiment; Figure 8 for Figure 7 . The switch assembly 120 further includes a third switch 123 and a fourth switch 124. One end of the third switch 123 is electrically connected to the second connection point P2, and the other end of the third switch 123 is electrically connected to the feed source S. One end of the fourth switch 124 is electrically connected to the first connection point P1, and the other end of the fourth switch 124 is grounded. When the switch assembly 120 is in the second state, the third switch 123 is turned on, and the fourth switch 124 is turned on.

[0066] One end of the third switch 123 is electrically connected to the second connection point P2, and the other end of the third switch 123 is electrically connected to the feed source S. Therefore, when the third switch 123 is turned on, the second connection point P2 is electrically connected to the feed source S; when the third switch 123 is turned off, the feed source S is electrically disconnected from the second connection point P2. In other words, when the third switch 123 is turned on, the feed source S is electrically connected to the second connection point P2 through the third switch 123; when the third switch 123 is turned off, the feed source S is electrically disconnected from the second connection point P2 through the third switch 123.

[0067] Correspondingly, one end of the fourth switch 124 is electrically connected to the first connection point P1, and the other end of the fourth switch 124 is grounded. Therefore, when the fourth switch 124 is turned on, the first connection point P1 is grounded through the fourth switch 124; when the fourth switch 124 is turned off, the first connection point P1 is disconnected from the ground.

[0068] It can be seen that in the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the switch assembly 120 includes a third switch 123 and a fourth switch 124, one end of the third switch 123 is electrically connected to the second connection point P2, and the other end of the third switch 123 is electrically connected to the feed source S. One end of the fourth switch 124 is electrically connected to the first connection point P1, and the other end of the fourth switch 124 is grounded. Among them, when the switch assembly 120 is in the second state, the third switch 123 is turned on, and the fourth switch 124 is turned on. It can be seen that the device structure of the switch assembly 120 of the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is simple and easy.

[0069] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the switch component 120 further has a third port 120d. The third port 120d is electrically connected to the second connection point P2, and the third port 120d is electrically connected to the one end of the third switch 123, and the other end of the third switch 123 is electrically connected to the common port 120a. The one end of the fourth switch 124 is electrically connected to the first port 120b.

[0070] In this embodiment, the switch component 120 also has a third port 120d, and the third port 120d is electrically connected to the second connection point P2, and the third port 120d is electrically connected to the one end of the third switch 123, and the other end of the third switch 123 is electrically connected to the common port 120a; the one end of the fourth switch 124 is electrically connected to the first port 120b. It can be seen that the structure of the switch component 120 is simple and easy.

[0071] When the switch assembly 120 includes a first switch 121, a second switch 122, a third switch 123, and a fourth switch 124, the details are as follows. One end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the first connection point P1, and the other end of the first switch 121 is electrically connected to the feed source S. One end of the second switch 122 is electrically connected to the second connection point P2, and the other end of the second switch 122 is grounded. One end of the third switch 123 is electrically connected to the second connection point P2, and the other end of the third switch 123 is electrically connected to the feed source S. One end of the fourth switch 124 is electrically connected to the first connection point P1, and the other end of the fourth switch 124 is grounded. When the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state: the first switch 121 is turned on, the second switch 122 is turned on, the third switch 123 is turned off, and the fourth switch 124 is turned off. When the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state: the first switch 121 is turned off, the second switch 122 is turned off, the third switch 123 is turned on, and the fourth switch 124 is turned on. In this way, when the switch component 120 includes the first switch 121, the second switch 122, the third switch 123 and the fourth switch 124, the first switch 121, the second switch 122, the third switch 123 and the fourth switch 124 cooperate with each other so that when the antenna component 10 is in the first state, the feed source S is electrically connected to the first connection point P1, and the second connection point P2 is grounded; and the first switch 121, the second switch 122, the third switch 123 and the fourth switch 124 cooperate with each other so that when the antenna component 10 is in the second state, the feed source S is electrically connected to the second connection point P2, and the first connection point P1 is grounded.

[0072] Please also refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , Fig. 9 A detailed schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided for yet another embodiment; Fig.10 for Fig. 9 The antenna assembly 10 further comprises a first impedance matching circuit 130, and the first impedance matching circuit 130 is used to serve as at least a partial impedance matching circuit of the feed source S and the radiator 110 when the switch assembly 120 is in the second state.

[0073] As can be seen from the previous introduction, when the antenna component 10 is in the first state, the antenna component 10 has a first resonant mode to support the target frequency band; when the antenna component 10 is in the second state, the antenna component 10 has a second resonant mode to support the target frequency band. When the antenna component 10 is in the first state, the impedance is different from that when the antenna component 10 is in the second state. The antenna component 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes a first impedance matching circuit 130, so that when the antenna component 10 is in the second state, the first impedance matching circuit 130 is used to match the output impedance of the feed source S with the input impedance of the radiator 110, so that when the antenna component 10 is in the second state, it has a higher radiation efficiency when supporting the target frequency band.

[0074] In one embodiment, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the second resonance mode of the antenna assembly 10 is a loop mode, and the first impedance matching circuit 130 is used to adjust the impedance of a preset frequency band in the second resonance mode to 50 ohms (Ω).

[0075] Further, in this embodiment, the first impedance matching circuit 130 includes an inductor L and a capacitor C. One end of the inductor L is electrically connected to the second connection point P2, and the other end of the inductor L is grounded. One end of the capacitor C is electrically connected to the third port 120d, and the other end of the capacitor C is electrically connected to the second connection point P2.

[0076] In this embodiment, the first impedance matching circuit 130 includes an inductor L and a capacitor C, one end of the inductor L is electrically connected to the second connection point P2, and the other end of the inductor L is grounded. One end of the capacitor C is electrically connected to the third port 120d, and the other end of the capacitor C is electrically connected to the second connection point P2. It can be seen that the structure of the first impedance matching circuit 130 is simple and easy. The antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes a first impedance matching circuit 130, and the first impedance matching circuit 130 includes an inductor L and a capacitor C, so that when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the first impedance matching circuit 130 is used to match the output impedance of the feed source S with the input impedance of the radiator 110, so that when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, it has a higher radiation efficiency when supporting the target frequency band.

[0077] In one implementation, taking the target frequency band including the N78 frequency band as an example, the inductance L value of the inductor L may be but is not limited to 4.7 nH, and the capacitance C value of the capacitor C may be but is not limited to 1.5 pF.

[0078] For further information, please refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.10 In this embodiment, the antenna assembly 10 further includes a second impedance matching circuit 140. The feed source S electrically connects the second impedance matching circuit 140 to the switch assembly 120.

[0079] The second impedance matching circuit 140 is used to match the output impedance of the feed source S with the output impedance of the radiator 110, so that the target frequency band supported by the radiator 110 has a higher radiation efficiency regardless of whether the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state or the second state.

[0080] When the antenna assembly 10 includes the first impedance matching circuit 130 and the second impedance matching circuit 140 , the details are described as follows.

[0081] As can be seen from the above description, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the antenna assembly 10 has a first resonant mode to support the target frequency band; when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the antenna assembly 10 has a second resonant mode to support the target frequency band. When the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the second impedance matching circuit 140 is used to match the matching degree between the output impedance of the feed source S and the input impedance of the radiator 110, so that when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the supported target frequency band has a higher radiation efficiency. When the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the first impedance matching circuit 130 and the second impedance matching circuit 140 jointly match the matching degree between the output impedance of the feed source S and the input impedance of the radiator 110, so that when the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the supported target frequency band has a higher radiation efficiency.

[0082] In one implementation, the target frequency band includes the N78 frequency band, the N79 frequency band, or the WiFi 5G frequency band.

[0083] When the target frequency band includes the N78 frequency band, the communication requirements of the antenna assembly 10 in the N78 frequency band can be met. When the target frequency band includes the N79 frequency band, the communication requirements of the antenna assembly 10 in the N79 frequency band can be met. When the target frequency band includes the WiFi 5G frequency band, the communication requirements of the antenna assembly 10 in the WiFi 5G frequency band can be met.

[0084] See also Fig.11 and Fig.12 , Fig.11 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the dimensions of various parts of the radiator of the provided antenna assembly; Fig.12 A schematic diagram of various parts of the radiator of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment. When the target frequency band includes the N78 frequency band, the distance d1 from the free end 111 to the first connection point P1 is 6 mm, or approximately 6 mm. For example, the distance range from the free end 111 to the first connection point P1 is 4 mm to 8 mm. The distance d2 from the first connection point P1 to the second connection point P2 is 5.5 mm, or approximately 5.5 mm. For example, the distance from the first connection point P1 to the second connection point P2 is 3.5 mm to 7.5 mm. The distance d3 from the second connection point P2 to the ground terminal 112 is 9 mm, or approximately 9 mm. For example, the distance range from the second connection point P2 to the ground terminal 112 is 7 mm to 11 mm.

[0085] See also Fig.13 and Fig.14 , Fig.13A detailed schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided for yet another embodiment; Fig.14 for Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the switch assembly shown in . In this embodiment, the switch assembly 120 also has a fourth port 120e. The switch assembly 120 also includes a fifth switch 125, a sixth switch 126, a seventh switch 127 and an eighth switch 128. One end of the fifth switch 125 is electrically connected to the common port 120a, and the other end of the fifth switch 125 is electrically connected to the second port 120c. One end of the sixth switch 126 is electrically connected to the third port 120d, and the other end of the sixth switch 126 is grounded. One end of the seventh switch 127 is electrically connected to the common port 120a, and the other end of the seventh switch 127 is electrically connected to the fourth port 120e. One end of the eighth switch 128 is electrically connected to the fourth port 120e, and the other end of the eighth switch 128 is grounded. In this embodiment, the fourth port 120e is not used.

[0086] In one embodiment, when the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the fifth switch 125, the sixth switch 126, the seventh switch 127 and the eighth switch 128 are all disconnected; when the switch assembly 120 is in the second state, the fifth switch 125, the sixth switch 126, the seventh switch 127 and the eighth switch 128 are all disconnected.

[0087] Next, a simulation is provided to illustrate the change in the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application when supporting the target frequency band.

[0088] See also Fig.15 and Fig.16 , Fig.15 A three-dimensional radiation pattern of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application when in a first state; Fig.16 for Fig.15 The antenna assembly in the first state supports a two-dimensional directional pattern of the second target frequency band. For the convenience of illustration, Fig.15 (a) is the color image of the three-dimensional (3D) directional map. Fig.15 (b) in Fig.15 Grayscale image of (a) in . Fig.16 (a) is the color image of the two-dimensional (2D) directional pattern. Fig.16 (b) in Fig.16 When the antenna assembly 10 is in the first state, the antenna assembly 10 supports the target frequency band and has a first directional pattern. It should be noted that: Fig.15The electronic device 1 to which the antenna assembly 10 is applied is a rear view, and the electronic device 1 is in a vertical screen state. In this embodiment, the target frequency band is the N78 frequency band, and 3.5 GHz in the N78 frequency band is taken as an example for simulation.

[0089] See also Fig.17 and Fig.18 , Fig.17 A three-dimensional directional diagram of a line assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application when in a second state; Fig.18 for Fig.17 The antenna assembly in the second state supports a two-dimensional directional pattern of the second target frequency band. For the convenience of illustration, Fig.17 (a) is the color image of the three-dimensional (3D) directional map. Fig.17 (b) in Fig.17 Grayscale image of (a) in . Fig.18 (a) is the color image of the two-dimensional (2D) directional pattern. Fig.18 (b) in Fig.18 When the antenna assembly 10 is in the second state, the antenna assembly 10 supports the target frequency band and has a second directional pattern. It should be noted that: Fig.17 The electronic device 1 to which the antenna assembly 10 is applied is shown in a rear view, and the electronic device 1 is in a vertical screen state. In this embodiment, 3.5 GHz in the target frequency band is taken as an example for simulation.

[0090] Please also read Fig.15 and Fig.17 , the first directional pattern is different from the second directional pattern. Alternatively, please refer to Fig.16 and Fig.18, the first directional pattern is different from the second directional pattern. It can be seen that the antenna component 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the radiator 110 includes a free end 111, a first connection point P1, a second connection point P2 and a ground terminal 112 arranged in sequence, and the state of the switch component 120 is used to change the antenna form of the antenna component 10 when supporting the target frequency band, thereby changing the current distribution of the antenna component 10 in the first state and the second state, and realizing the directional pattern reconstruction of a single antenna. The first directional pattern of the antenna component 10 in the first state and the second directional pattern of the antenna component 10 in the second state are different, and the directional pattern complementation can be effectively formed. Specifically, in the target frequency band, the area with a weak signal in the first directional pattern of the antenna component 10 in the first state will be covered by the area with a strong signal in the second directional pattern of the antenna component 10 in the second state. Correspondingly, in the target frequency band, the area with a weak signal in the second directional pattern of the antenna component 10 in the second state will be covered by the area with a strong signal in the first directional pattern of the antenna component 10 in the first state. It can be seen that by adjusting the state of the switch component 120, the antenna component 10 can have a better communication effect in the target frequency band, thereby improving the communication experience when the antenna component 10 supports the target frequency band. It can be seen that the antenna component 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application has a better communication effect in the target frequency band. In addition, since the reconstruction of the directional pattern of the target frequency band can be achieved using a single antenna component 10, there is no need to use multiple antenna components 10 to achieve the reconstruction of the directional pattern of the target frequency band. It can be seen that the antenna component 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is conducive to saving the cost of the antenna component 10, as well as saving the space of the electronic device 1 to which the antenna component 10 is applied. When the antenna component 10 is applied to the electronic device 1, it is convenient to be laid out in the electronic device 1 with other devices of the electronic device 1.

[0091] In summary, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application switches the position of the feed point return point (also called the feed point) of the radiator 110 through the switch assembly 120, thereby changing the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 10. For example, the antenna assembly 10 can be switched from an IFA antenna to a Loop antenna, or from a Loop antenna to the IFA antenna. The change in the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 10, and then the change in the current distribution on the radiator 110, can bring about a change in the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 10 when supporting the target frequency band. As can be seen from the above simulation diagram, the first radiation pattern can complement the second radiation pattern at a certain angle, thereby compensating for the weak signal area and achieving the adjustable effect of the single antenna radiation pattern.

[0092] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device 1. The electronic device 1 includes but is not limited to mobile phones, telephones, televisions, tablet computers (Pad), cameras, personal computers, laptop computers (Personal Computer, PC), vehicle-mounted devices, headphones, watches, wearable devices, base stations, vehicle-mounted radars, customer premise equipment (Customer Premise Equipment, CPE) and other devices that can send and receive electromagnetic wave signals. In this application, the electronic device 1 is taken as an example of a mobile phone, and other devices can refer to the specific description in this application. The electronic device 1 may include an antenna assembly 10 as described in any of the previous embodiments. Please refer to the previous introduction of the antenna assembly 10, which will not be repeated here.

[0093] See also Fig.19 and Fig. 20 , Fig.19 A schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of the present application; Fig. 20 for Fig.19 Schematic diagram of a partial structure of an electronic device in the embodiment. The electronic device 1 also includes a display screen 70, a middle frame 30 and a shell 90 (also called a battery cover). The display screen 70 and the shell 90 are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the middle frame 30. The middle frame 30 includes a frame body 310 and a frame 320. In this embodiment, the frame body 310 can be used as a ground electrode. The frame 320 is arranged around the periphery of the frame body 310. Among them, the radiator 110 in the antenna assembly 10 is formed in the frame 320.

[0094] The middle frame 30 is usually conductive, such as a metal material (such as aluminum or aluminum-magnesium alloy). In the electronic device 1, the middle frame 30 is usually used to support the display screen 70 and the housing 90. Since the middle frame 30 is conductive, the middle frame 30 can also be used as a ground electrode. The devices in the electronic device 1 can be directly or indirectly electrically connected to the middle frame 30 for grounding.

[0095] In addition, in one embodiment, the middle frame 30 and at least one of the housing 90 and the display screen 70 also form a receiving space. The electronic device 1 also includes a battery, functional devices (the functional devices may include one or more of a camera module, a microphone, a receiver, a speaker, a face recognition module, and a fingerprint recognition module) and other devices that can realize the basic functions of the mobile phone, which are arranged in the receiving space, and will not be repeated in this embodiment. It can be understood that the above introduction to the electronic device 1 is only a description of an environment in which the antenna assembly 10 is used, and the specific structure of the electronic device 1 should not be understood as a limitation on the antenna assembly 10 provided in this application. In other embodiments, the electronic device 1 may also not include the display screen 70 and at least one of the housing 90.

[0096] Please continue reading Fig.19 and Fig. 20 , the electronic device 1 includes a first side 1a and a second side 1b which are connected by bending. Wherein, the length of the second side 1b is greater than the length of the first side 1a. When the electronic device 1 is in a vertical screen state, the first side 1a is located at the top of the electronic device 1, and the second side 1b is located at the side of the electronic device 1. The radiator 110 is arranged at a position corresponding to the second side 1b of the electronic device 1 adjacent to the first side 1a. In this way, when the electronic device 1 is in a vertical screen state, when the electronic device 1 is held in one hand, it is not easy to block the radiator 110, so that the antenna assembly 10 has better antenna performance in the target frequency band.

[0097] See also Fig.21 , Fig.21 A circuit block diagram of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of the present application. In one embodiment, the electronic device 1 further includes a processor 50, and the processor 50 is electrically connected to the switch component 120. When the antenna component 10 is in the first state, the antenna performance in the target frequency band is the first performance, and when the antenna component 10 is in the second state, the antenna performance in the target frequency band is the second performance. When the first performance is better than the second performance, the processor 50 controls the switch component 120 to be in the first state, or controls the switch component 120 to switch from the second state to the first state. When the second performance is better than the first performance, the processor 50 controls the switch component 120 to be in the second state, or controls the switch component 120 to switch from the first state to the second state. When the first performance is equal to the second performance, the processor 50 controls the switch component 120 to maintain the current state.

[0098] The electronic device 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes a processor 50 which can be combined with the antenna assembly 10 provided in any of the previous embodiments. In the schematic diagram of the present embodiment, the electronic device 1 also includes a processor 50 combined with 10 provided in the previous embodiment. It can be understood that it should not be understood as a limitation on the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0099] It can be seen that in the electronic device 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the processor 50 can compare the first performance and the second performance of the antenna component 10, and then control the state of the switch component 120, so that the antenna component 10 has better performance when supporting the target frequency band.

[0100] The above is part of the implementation methods of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna assembly, characterized in that: The antenna assembly comprises: A radiator, wherein a free end, a first connection point, a second connection point and a grounding end are sequentially arranged on the radiator; a switch component electrically connected to the first connection point and the second connection point; and a feed source electrically connected to the switch assembly; The antenna assembly has a first state and a second state. When the antenna assembly is in the first state, the first connection point is electrically connected to the feed source, the second connection point is grounded, and the radiator is excited by the feed source to support a target frequency band and has a first directivity pattern. When the antenna assembly is in a second state, the first connection point is grounded, the second connection point is electrically connected to the feed source, the radiator is excited by the feed source to support the target frequency band and has a second radiation pattern, which is different from the first radiation pattern.

2. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: When the antenna assembly is in the first state, the feed source excites a first resonant mode of the radiator to support the target frequency band, wherein the first resonant mode is a quarter-wavelength mode from the free end to the second connection point.

3. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The switch assembly comprises: a first switch, wherein one end of the first switch is electrically connected to the first connection point, and the other end of the first switch is electrically connected to the feed source; a second switch, one end of the second switch being electrically connected to the second connection point, and the other end of the second switch being grounded; Wherein, when the antenna assembly is in the first state, the first switch is turned on, and the second switch is turned on.

4. The antenna assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that The switch assembly comprises: a common port, the common port being electrically connected to the feed source; a first port, the first port being electrically connected to the first connection point, the first port being electrically connected to the one end of the first switch, and the other end of the first switch being electrically connected to the common port; and A second port is electrically connected to the second connection point, and the second port is electrically connected to the one end of the second switch.

5. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: When the antenna assembly is in a second state, the feed source excites a second resonance mode of the radiator to support the target frequency band, wherein the second resonance mode is a half-wavelength mode from the ground end to the first connection point.

6. The antenna assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that The switch assembly further comprises: a third switch, one end of the third switch being electrically connected to the second connection point, and the other end of the third switch being electrically connected to the feed source; and a fourth switch, one end of the fourth switch being electrically connected to the first connection point, and the other end of the fourth switch being grounded; Wherein, when the switch component is in the second state, the third switch is turned on, and the fourth switch is turned on.

7. The antenna assembly according to claim 6, wherein: The switch assembly also has: a third port, the third port being electrically connected to the second connection point, the third port being electrically connected to the one end of the third switch, and the other end of the third switch being electrically connected to the common port; The one end of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the first port.

8. The antenna assembly according to claim 7, wherein: The antenna assembly further comprises: A first impedance matching circuit, wherein the first impedance matching circuit is used as at least a partial impedance matching circuit for the feed source and the radiator when the switch component is in the second state.

9. The antenna assembly according to claim 8, wherein: The first impedance matching circuit comprises: an inductor, one end of the inductor being electrically connected to the second connection point, and the other end of the inductor being grounded; and A capacitor, one end of the capacitor is electrically connected to the third port, and the other end of the capacitor is electrically connected to the second connection point.

10. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The antenna assembly further comprises: A second impedance matching circuit, wherein the feed source electrically connects the second impedance matching circuit to the switch component.

11. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The target frequency band includes the N78 frequency band, the N79 frequency band, or the WiFi5G frequency band.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises the antenna assembly as described in any one of claims 1-11.

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