Reservoir generating capacity prediction method and system based on water-light cooperation

Abstract

The invention provides a reservoir generating capacity prediction method and system based on water-light cooperation, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection new energy planning prediction. The annual average discharge amount of greenhouse gas of a reservoir is calculated based on comprehensive characteristic parameters of a reservoir area; calculating the proportion of the area of a photovoltaic panel mounted on the reservoir to the total area of the reservoir based on the annual average discharge amount of greenhouse gas in the reservoir, so that the reservoir reaches a net zero discharge state; and calculating the water-light collaborative annual energy output of the reservoir based on the proportion of the area of the photovoltaic panel to the total area of the reservoir and the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area. By evaluating the greenhouse gas emission amount of the hydropower station reservoir and quantifying the carbon sequestration benefit of the floating solar photovoltaic FPV system, cooperative work of the hydropower station reservoir and FPV power generation is achieved, the energy structure is optimized, the energy efficiency is improved, and meanwhile the influence of reservoir construction on the environment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection new energy planning and prediction, and specifically relates to a reservoir power generation prediction method and system based on water-light synergy. Background Art

[0002] Greenhouse gas emissions will be affected before and after reservoir construction. For example, vegetation can absorb a large amount of carbon dioxide and play a good role in carbon fixation. The land cover type in the reservoir construction area changes significantly before and after construction. The original land carbon sink is submerged or converted into water bodies and wetlands, causing the reservoir area to change from a carbon sink to a carbon source. During the construction of the reservoir, human activities also generate a large amount of carbon emissions. In addition, hydropower reservoirs can emit a large amount of carbon dioxide and methane through anaerobic decomposition of organic matter, which weakens the climate benefits of hydropower as a clean energy. Compared with other types of reservoirs, hydropower station reservoirs have a larger area and a higher proportion of total greenhouse gas emissions, and have a greater impact on the environment. In order to achieve net zero emissions in hydropower station construction, the existing technology is to install floating solar photovoltaic power generation (FPV) devices in reservoirs to achieve water-light synergy, but when the FPV coverage rate is high, it will affect the normal operation of the reservoir ecosystem. Therefore, under the premise of meeting future energy needs, the FPV coverage rate should be set to an appropriate proportion to minimize the impact on the hydropower station reservoir ecosystem while achieving net zero emissions in hydropower station construction. However, due to the complexity of greenhouse gas emissions in reservoir areas, it is difficult to accurately predict the amount of hydropower and photovoltaic power generation, so as to scientifically plan the construction of hydropower and photovoltaic power stations to meet the needs of energy diversification, optimization of renewable energy power generation, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and national economic construction. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for predicting the power generation of a reservoir based on water-solar synergy, so as to solve the problem in the background technology that the greenhouse gas emissions in the reservoir area during the construction of a hydropower station are relatively complex and it is difficult to accurately predict the power generation of water-solar synergy. This purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0004] The present invention provides a method for predicting reservoir power generation based on water-photovoltaic synergy, the method comprising: Calculate the average annual greenhouse gas emissions from the reservoir based on the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area; Calculate the proportion of the area of ​​photovoltaic panels installed on the reservoir to the total area of ​​the reservoir based on the average annual greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir, so that the reservoir reaches a net zero emission state; The annual hydro-photovoltaic synergistic power generation of the reservoir is calculated based on the ratio of the photovoltaic panel area to the total area of ​​the reservoir and the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area.

[0005] Furthermore, the calculation of the average annual greenhouse gas emissions from the reservoir based on the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area includes: Based on the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area, the reservoir Annual total diffuse emissions, The total annual emissions and Total annual emissions; Based on the reservoir Annual total diffuse emissions, The total annual emissions and Annual total emissions calculate the annual total greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir; The annual average greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir are obtained based on the annual total greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir.

[0006] Furthermore, the The annual total diffuse emissions are calculated as follows: in, for Effective temperature, is the reservoir area, is the soil carbon content in the reservoir, is total phosphorus, is the percentage of river area before impoundment.

[0007] Furthermore, the The total annual emissions are Diffusion annual emissions, Bubbling annual emissions and The sum of annual degassing emissions; in, The formula for calculating the annual diffuse emissions is: in, is the area ratio of the drawdown zone, for Effective temperature; The calculation formula for the annual emission of bubbling is: ; in, is the area ratio of the drawdown zone, Accumulate global lateral radiation for the reservoir; The calculation formula for annual degassing emissions is: in, Retention time for water, is the catchment area, is the annual runoff, is the reservoir area.

[0008] Furthermore, the The total annual emission is the sum of the total annual emission from denitrification and the total annual emission from nitrification; The calculation formula for the total annual emission of denitrification is: ; The calculation formula for the total annual emission of nitrification is: ; in, is the total nitrogen load of the basin, is the internal fixed load of total nitrogen in the reservoir, is the error function, Retention time for water, Produced by denitrification The total annual emissions, Produced by nitrification Total annual emissions.

[0009] Furthermore, the proportion of the area of ​​photovoltaic panels installed on the reservoir to the total area of ​​the reservoir is calculated based on the average annual greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir, including: Use PV_LIB photovoltaic system modeling and simulation tool to simulate theoretical output and estimate the annual power generation of a single photovoltaic panel; estimating an equivalent annual carbon dioxide emission reduction of a single photovoltaic panel based on the annual power generation of the single photovoltaic panel; The proportion of the area of ​​photovoltaic panels installed on the reservoir to the total area of ​​the reservoir is calculated based on the average annual greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir and the equivalent annual carbon dioxide emission reduction of the single photovoltaic panel.

[0010] Furthermore, the calculation formula for estimating the equivalent annual carbon dioxide emission reduction of a single photovoltaic panel based on the annual power generation of the single photovoltaic panel is: ; in, is the annual power generation of a single photovoltaic panel, is the grid emission factor, is the influencing factor of the existing clean energy in the power grid.

[0011] Furthermore, the calculation formula for calculating the proportion of the area of ​​photovoltaic panels installed on the reservoir to the total area of ​​the reservoir based on the average annual greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir and the equivalent annual carbon dioxide emission reduction of the single photovoltaic panel is: ; in, is the average annual greenhouse gas emissions from reservoirs, is the equivalent annual carbon dioxide emission reduction of a single photovoltaic panel, is the area of ​​a single photovoltaic panel, is the total area of ​​the reservoir.

[0012] Furthermore, the calculation of the annual hydro-photovoltaic synergistic power generation of the reservoir based on the ratio of the photovoltaic panel area to the total area of ​​the reservoir and the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area includes: The total annual photovoltaic power generation of the reservoir is calculated using the following formula: ; in, is the total annual photovoltaic power generation, is the proportion of floating PV installations, is the total area of ​​the reservoir, is the area of ​​a single photovoltaic panel, is the total amount of electricity generated by a single photovoltaic panel; Calculate the annual hydropower generation of the reservoir using the following formula: ; in, represents the annual hydroelectric power generation of the reservoir, is the installed capacity of the turbine, is the turbine operating efficiency, The number of hours worked in a year; The annual hydro-photovoltaic synergistic power generation of the reservoir is calculated using the following formula: ; in, It is the annual hydro-solar synergistic power generation of the reservoir.

[0013] Based on the above-mentioned reservoir power generation prediction method based on water-photovoltaic synergy, the present invention also provides a reservoir power generation prediction system based on water-photovoltaic synergy, the system comprising: Greenhouse gas emission calculation module, used to calculate the average annual greenhouse gas emission of the reservoir based on the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area; A photovoltaic panel area ratio calculation module is used to calculate the ratio of the photovoltaic panel area installed on the reservoir to the total area of ​​the reservoir based on the average annual greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir, so that the reservoir reaches a net zero emission state; The power generation prediction module is used to calculate the annual water-photovoltaic synergistic power generation of the reservoir based on the ratio of the photovoltaic panel area to the total area of ​​the reservoir and the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area.

[0014] The above one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application have at least one or more of the following technical effects: The reservoir power generation prediction method and system based on water-photovoltaic synergy provided by the embodiment of the present invention evaluates the greenhouse gas emissions of the hydropower station reservoir and quantifies the carbon sequestration benefits of the floating solar photovoltaic FPV system by comprehensively using remote sensing technology, reservoir greenhouse gas models, and geographic calculations and other analysis tools, so as to achieve the coordinated work of the hydropower station reservoir and FPV power generation, optimize the energy structure, improve energy efficiency, and reduce the impact of reservoir construction on the environment. By accurately calculating the FPV coverage area and adjusting the FPV coverage ratio, while achieving net zero greenhouse gas emissions from the reservoir, the seasonal stability of the power supply is also enhanced, making it have significant practical value and market potential in promoting energy diversification, optimizing renewable energy power generation, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

[0015] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented according to the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the prediction method in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an architecture diagram of the prediction system in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0018] Embodiment 1: Reference Figure 1 This embodiment provides a method for predicting reservoir power generation based on water-light synergy, the method comprising the following steps: S1: Calculate the average annual greenhouse gas emissions from the reservoir based on the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area; S2: Calculate the proportion of the area of ​​photovoltaic panels installed on the reservoir to the total area of ​​the reservoir based on the average annual greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir, so that the reservoir reaches a net zero emission state; S3: Calculate the annual hydro-photovoltaic synergistic power generation of the reservoir based on the ratio of the photovoltaic panel area to the total area of ​​the reservoir and the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area.

[0019] For step S1, the organic carbon contained in the soil and organisms that are submerged during the reservoir impoundment period constitutes a potential large source of organic matter that can be mineralized and released as greenhouse gases. Factors that affect the mineralization rate include water retention time in the reservoir area, ultraviolet radiation, and temperature increase. Hydropower reservoirs can emit large amounts of organic matter through anaerobic decomposition of organic matter. and , as well as nitrification and denitrification , which weakens the climate benefits of hydropower as a clean energy. There are three main pathways for the above-mentioned greenhouse gas emissions: bubble emissions, diffuse emissions, and degassing emissions.

[0020] In this embodiment, the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area refer to the factors that affect the predicted annual total greenhouse gas emissions and power generation capacity of the reservoir, mainly including Effective temperature, Effective temperature, reservoir area, percentage of river area before impoundment, proportion of drawdown zone area, catchment area, soil carbon content in reservoir, total phosphorus, cumulative global lateral radiation in reservoir, annual runoff, total nitrogen load in the basin, internal fixed load of total nitrogen in the reservoir, water retention time, average annual discharge of reservoir, annual hydropower generation of reservoir, installed capacity of turbine, operating efficiency of turbine and working hours of turbine in one year. The above data can be obtained through reservoir construction data, field observation, remote sensing technology or reservoir greenhouse gas model simulation and other technical means.

[0021] In this example, the greenhouse gas emissions from the reservoir area are mainly divided into three parts: , respectively, based on the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the relevant reservoir area to calculate the reservoir Annual total diffuse emissions, The total annual emissions and The total annual emissions can be achieved by taking the following specific methods.

[0022] Specifically, this embodiment The annual total diffuse emissions are calculated as follows: (1) In formula (1), for Effective temperature, is the reservoir area, is the soil carbon content of the reservoir. is total phosphorus, is the percentage of river area before impoundment. The numerical parameters, such as 1.7892, are obtained based on theoretical calculations or experiments. The methods for obtaining similar numerical parameters in subsequent formulas are the same as this formula.

[0023] In this embodiment, Emissions can be divided into diffuse emissions ( )、Bubbling emission( ) and degassing emissions ( ) three ways, The total annual emissions are Diffusion annual emissions, Bubbling annual emissions and The sum of annual degassing emissions.

[0024] in, The formula for calculating the annual diffuse emissions is: (2) In formula (2), is the area ratio of the drawdown zone, for Effective temperature; The calculation formula for the annual emission of bubbling is: (3) In formula (3), is the area ratio of the drawdown zone, Accumulate global lateral radiation for the reservoir; The calculation formula for annual degassing emissions is: (4) In formula (4), Retention time for water, is the catchment area, is the annual runoff, is the reservoir area.

[0025] generally, The emission pathways are divided into denitrification ( ) and nitrification ( ) emission, in this embodiment, The total annual emission is the sum of the total annual emission from denitrification and the total annual emission from nitrification; The calculation formula for the total annual emission of denitrification is: (5) The total annual emission from nitrification is calculated as: (6) The formula for calculating the total annual emissions is: (7) In formula (5) (6) (7), is the total nitrogen load of the basin, is the internal fixed load of total nitrogen in the reservoir, is the error function, Retention time for water, Produced by denitrification The total annual emissions, Produced by nitrification The total annual emissions, for Total annual emissions.

[0026] Total annual greenhouse gas emissions from reservoirs The calculation method is as follows: The average annual greenhouse gas emissions from reservoirs = Total annual greenhouse gas emissions from reservoirs The multi-year average: (8) Achieving net zero emissions from hydropower station reservoirs mainly requires that the greenhouse gas emissions from the hydropower station reservoirs and the equivalent total carbon emission reduction of FPVs reach a state of balance. The smaller the coverage ratio of FPV, the smaller the impact on the reservoir ecosystem. Based on this, it is possible to determine the installation ratio of FPVs with the least impact on the reservoir ecology when the net zero emissions state is reached. Specifically, in step S2 of this embodiment, the proportion of the area of ​​photovoltaic panels installed on the reservoir to the total area of ​​the reservoir is calculated based on the average annual greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir, including the following steps: S21: Use the PV_LIB photovoltaic system modeling and simulation tool to simulate the theoretical output and estimate the annual power generation of a single photovoltaic panel.

[0027] In practical applications, FPV power generation technology generates electricity by installing solar photovoltaic panels on water bodies. The solar photovoltaic panels are installed on floating platforms made of materials such as high-density polyethylene to adapt to water level changes and remain stable. The inverter converts the direct current generated by the photovoltaic panel into alternating current and transmits it to the power grid through cables. For the power generation of a single photovoltaic panel, the PV_LIB photovoltaic (PV) system modeling and simulation tool is used to simulate the theoretical output and estimate the annual power generation of a single photovoltaic panel. The PV_LIB photovoltaic (PV) system modeling and simulation tool mainly simulates the electrical performance of photovoltaic modules, batteries, arrays, and the entire photovoltaic system. In order to maintain the consistency of simulation in all geographical areas analyzed as much as possible, this embodiment uses the CS5P-220M model monocrystalline silicon solar photovoltaic module produced by Canadian Solar and the PVP2500 (240V) model photovoltaic grid-connected inverter produced by PV Powered. The specific parameters are that the photovoltaic panel faces south and the tilt angle is adjusted according to the latitude of the location, with a maximum of no more than 20 degrees, aiming to maximize the collection efficiency of solar energy while reducing damage caused by wind and waves. To reduce mutual shading between adjacent PV panels, the row spacing between PV panels is set to 20% more than the PV panel height, which is calculated based on the relative height of the floating structure. Through these precise configurations and parameter adjustments, the electrical yield (AD) of a single PV panel can be estimated.

[0028] Since the current power conversion and transmission system is extremely efficient, this embodiment assumes that the power generated by FPV can be fully transmitted to the power grid. The power generated by FPV can effectively replace power from other carbon-intensive sources, thereby helping to reduce carbon emissions. Therefore, based on the above reasons, the equivalent annual carbon dioxide emission reduction of a single photovoltaic panel can be estimated by the following steps S22: S22: Based on the annual power generation of the single photovoltaic panel, the equivalent annual carbon dioxide emission reduction of the single photovoltaic panel is estimated, and the calculation formula is: (9) In formula (9), is the annual power generation of a single photovoltaic panel, is the grid emission factor, is the impact factor of the existing clean energy in the power grid, reflecting the impact of the power structure of the power grid Emissions, The portion of clean energy (e.g. wind and solar) already present in the grid is taken into account, ensuring that the estimated emissions reductions do not incorrectly include the amount of replacement by existing renewable energy sources, preventing an overestimation of the carbon reduction benefits of FPV power generation.

[0029] In order to reduce the impact of FPV installation on the reservoir ecosystem, while considering economic and environmental benefits, to ensure that the net carbon footprint is zero, this embodiment adopts the following steps S23: S23: Calculate the proportion of the area of ​​photovoltaic panels installed on the reservoir to the total area of ​​the reservoir based on the average annual greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir and the equivalent annual carbon dioxide emission reduction of the single photovoltaic panel. The calculation formula is: (10) In formula (10), is the average annual greenhouse gas emissions from reservoirs, is the equivalent annual carbon dioxide emission reduction of a single photovoltaic panel, is the area of ​​a single photovoltaic panel, is the total area of ​​the reservoir.

[0030] After obtaining the result of the ratio of the photovoltaic panel area to the total area of ​​the reservoir, the total amount of power generated by the predicted reservoir FPV deployment and the total amount of power generated by the hydropower station reservoir are calculated, and step S3 is executed: S3: Calculating the annual hydro-photovoltaic synergistic power generation of the reservoir based on the ratio of the photovoltaic panel area to the total area of ​​the reservoir and the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area, specifically comprising the following steps: S31: Calculate the total annual photovoltaic power generation of the reservoir, the calculation formula is: (11) In formula (11), is the total annual photovoltaic power generation, is the proportion of floating PV installations, is the total area of ​​the reservoir, is the area of ​​a single photovoltaic panel, The total amount of electricity generated by a single photovoltaic panel.

[0031] S32: Calculate the annual hydropower generation of the reservoir, the calculation formula is: (12) In formula (12), It represents the annual power generation of the reservoir in megawatt-hours (MWh). is the installed capacity of the turbine in megawatts (MW), is the turbine operating efficiency, reflecting the energy conversion loss of the turbine and generator set. The number of hours worked in a year.

[0032] S33: Calculate the annual hydro-photovoltaic synergistic power generation of the reservoir, the calculation formula is: (13) In the formula, It is the annual hydro-solar synergistic power generation of the reservoir.

[0033] After obtaining the predicted data of the annual hydro-solar synergy power generation of the reservoir, the potential of integrating hydropower reservoirs with floating solar photovoltaic (FPV) systems to meet electricity demand can be evaluated, optimizing energy supply, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and supporting the transition of hydropower-dependent countries to a sustainable energy future. Considering the impact of economic growth and population changes on electricity demand, assuming a strong correlation between electricity consumption and national economic growth, a two-term exponential function is used to model the global electricity demand trend as a function of GDP per capita. The specific formula is as follows: (14) In formula (14), is the expected per capita electricity consumption in a certain year, is the estimated GDP per capita, are the empirical parameters obtained by fitting the model based on historical data.

[0034] The total electricity demand is obtained by multiplying the estimated per capita electricity consumption in a forecast area in a certain year by the estimated total population of the area in that year. In order to calculate the energy efficiency of FPV implementation, the energy efficiency can be calculated by comparing the energy consumption before and after FPV implementation. The specific formula is as follows: (15) In formula (15), The total annual power generation of hydropower and solar power in the whole region, for example, the annual power generation of hydropower and solar power in the whole country or province. For the total power demand increment in the whole region, the energy efficiency improvement resulting from the implementation of FPV is predicted by the method of this embodiment, which can effectively provide a theoretical basis and data support for the construction of future reservoirs.

[0035] The method of this embodiment, through the comprehensive use of remote sensing technology, reservoir greenhouse gas model and geographic calculation and other analytical tools, evaluates the greenhouse gas emissions of the hydropower station reservoir and quantifies the carbon sequestration benefits of the floating solar photovoltaic FPV system, so as to achieve the coordinated work of the hydropower station reservoir and FPV power generation, optimize the energy structure, improve energy efficiency, and reduce the impact on the environment. By accurately calculating the FPV coverage area and adjusting the FPV coverage ratio, while achieving net zero greenhouse gas emissions from the reservoir, it also enhances the seasonal stability of the power supply, making it have significant practical value and market potential in promoting energy diversification, optimizing renewable energy generation and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

[0036] Embodiment 2: Reference Figure 2 Based on the reservoir power generation prediction method based on water-photovoltaic synergy described in Example 1, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a reservoir power generation prediction system based on water-photovoltaic synergy, the system comprising: Greenhouse gas emission calculation module, used to calculate the average annual greenhouse gas emission of the reservoir based on the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area; A photovoltaic panel area ratio calculation module is used to calculate the ratio of the photovoltaic panel area installed on the reservoir to the total area of ​​the reservoir based on the average annual greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir, so that the reservoir reaches a net zero emission state; The power generation prediction module is used to calculate the annual water-photovoltaic synergistic power generation of the reservoir based on the ratio of the photovoltaic panel area to the total area of ​​the reservoir and the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area.

[0037] The specific implementation method of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here. Please refer to the description of the first embodiment for details.

[0038] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0039] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A reservoir power generation prediction method based on water-light synergy, characterized in that: The method comprises: Calculate the average annual greenhouse gas emissions from the reservoir based on the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area; Calculate the proportion of the area of ​​photovoltaic panels installed on the reservoir to the total area of ​​the reservoir based on the average annual greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir, so that the reservoir reaches a net zero emission state; The annual hydro-photovoltaic synergistic power generation of the reservoir is calculated based on the ratio of the photovoltaic panel area to the total area of ​​the reservoir and the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area.

2. A reservoir power generation prediction method based on water-light synergy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation of the annual average greenhouse gas emissions from the reservoir based on the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area includes: Based on the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area, the reservoir Annual total diffuse emissions, The total annual emissions and Total annual emissions; Based on the reservoir Annual total diffuse emissions, The total annual emissions and Annual total emissions Calculate the total annual greenhouse gas emissions from the reservoir; The average annual greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir are obtained based on the total annual greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir.

3. A reservoir power generation prediction method based on water-light synergy according to claim 2, characterized in that: Said The annual total diffuse emissions are calculated as follows: in, for Effective temperature, is the reservoir area, is the soil carbon content in the reservoir, is total phosphorus, is the percentage of river area before impoundment.

4. The method for predicting reservoir power generation based on water-light synergy according to claim 2 is characterized by: Said The total annual emissions are Diffusion annual emissions, Bubbling annual emissions and The sum of annual degassing emissions; in, The formula for calculating the annual diffuse emissions is: in, is the area ratio of the drawdown zone, for Effective temperature; The calculation formula for the annual emission of bubbling is: in, Accumulate global lateral radiation for the reservoir; The calculation formula for annual degassing emissions is: in, Retention time for water, is the catchment area, is the annual runoff.

5. The method for predicting reservoir power generation based on water-light synergy according to claim 2 is characterized by: Said The total annual emission is the sum of the total annual emission from denitrification and the total annual emission from nitrification; The calculation formula for the total annual emission of denitrification is: The total annual emission from nitrification is calculated as: in, is the total nitrogen load of the basin, is the internal fixed load of total nitrogen in the reservoir, is the error function.

6. The method for predicting reservoir power generation based on water-light synergy according to claim 1 is characterized by: The proportion of the area of ​​photovoltaic panels installed on the reservoir to the total area of ​​the reservoir calculated based on the average annual greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir includes: Use PV_LIB photovoltaic system modeling and simulation tool to simulate theoretical output and estimate the annual power generation of a single photovoltaic panel; estimating an equivalent annual carbon dioxide emission reduction of a single photovoltaic panel based on the annual power generation of the single photovoltaic panel; The proportion of the area of ​​photovoltaic panels installed on the reservoir to the total area of ​​the reservoir is calculated based on the average annual greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir and the equivalent annual carbon dioxide emission reduction of the single photovoltaic panel.

7. The method for predicting reservoir power generation based on water-light synergy according to claim 6 is characterized by: The calculation formula for estimating the equivalent annual carbon dioxide emission reduction of a single photovoltaic panel based on the annual power generation of the single photovoltaic panel is: ； in, is the annual power generation of a single photovoltaic panel, is the grid emission factor, is the influencing factor of the existing clean energy in the power grid.

8. The method for predicting reservoir power generation based on water-light synergy according to claim 6 is characterized by: The calculation formula for calculating the proportion of the area of ​​photovoltaic panels installed on the reservoir to the total area of ​​the reservoir based on the average annual greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir and the equivalent annual carbon dioxide emission reduction of the single photovoltaic panel is: ； in, is the average annual greenhouse gas emissions from reservoirs, is the area of ​​a single photovoltaic panel.

9. The method for predicting reservoir power generation based on water-light synergy according to claim 8 is characterized by: The calculating of the annual hydro-photovoltaic synergistic power generation of the reservoir based on the ratio of the photovoltaic panel area to the total area of ​​the reservoir and the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area includes: The total annual photovoltaic power generation of the reservoir is calculated using the following formula: ； Calculate the annual hydropower generation of the reservoir using the following formula: ； in, represents the annual hydroelectric power generation of the reservoir, is the installed capacity of the turbine, is the turbine operating efficiency, The number of hours worked in a year; The annual hydro-photovoltaic synergistic power generation of the reservoir is calculated using the following formula: 。 10. A reservoir power generation prediction system based on water-light synergy, characterized in that: The system comprises: Greenhouse gas emission calculation module, used to calculate the average annual greenhouse gas emission of the reservoir based on the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area; A photovoltaic panel area ratio calculation module is used to calculate the ratio of the photovoltaic panel area installed on the reservoir to the total area of ​​the reservoir based on the average annual greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir, so that the reservoir reaches a net zero emission state; The power generation prediction module is used to calculate the annual water-photovoltaic synergistic power generation of the reservoir based on the ratio of the photovoltaic panel area to the total area of ​​the reservoir and the comprehensive characteristic parameters of the reservoir area.

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