Method and system for balancing energy of wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolytic cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind-solar off-grid coupling energy storage and electrolytic cell energy balance method, system and equipment and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: building a wind-solar off-grid coupling energy storage model and an electrolytic cell model, and determining the output mechanical power of a fan according to a wind-solar generator output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupling energy storage model; photovoltaic output power is determined according to a photovoltaic array output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupling energy storage model; determining the output power of the inverter and the output power of the rectifier through the electronic converter; determining the storage power during full charge and the storage power during complete discharge of the battery in the use process through the battery model; and balancing the off-grid wind-solar off-grid coupling energy storage and the energy of the electrolytic cell by taking the total net current cost as a target based on an ARAS decision method. Therefore, the method can adapt to the fluctuation of energy caused by environmental conditions, provides an optimal balance strategy, improves the stability of energy supply, and proposes a decision evaluation index based on the leveling energy cost to reduce the operation cost of an energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage and energy balance, and in particular relates to an energy balance method, system, equipment and medium for off-grid wind-solar coupled energy storage and electrolyzer. Background Art

[0002] Countries around the world are working hard to curb extreme climate change, and the transition to renewable energy is crucial for energy decarbonization. Wind and solar energy are currently the most popular green renewable energy sources. However, the sources of wind and solar energy depend on the environmental conditions of their locations, and the environment in which the energy sources are located is random, intermittent, and volatile. This means that once the wind speed and solar radiation are insufficient, it will be difficult to guarantee the supply of energy. At the same time, due to the randomness and intermittency of the energy source, the energy cost cannot be optimized to the maximum. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the randomness, intermittency and volatility of the environment in which the above energy sources are located, as well as the problem of optimal energy cost, the present disclosure proposes an energy balance method, system, equipment and medium for off-grid coupled wind and solar energy storage and electrolyzers, which can adapt to the volatility of energy caused by environmental conditions and improve the stability of energy supply. At the same time, a decision-making evaluation index based on the levelized energy cost is proposed to reduce the operating cost of the energy storage system.

[0004] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an energy balancing method of wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer, comprising:

[0005] Establishing a wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model and an electrolyzer model, and determining the wind turbine output mechanical power according to the wind-solar generator output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model;

[0006] Determine the photovoltaic output power according to the photovoltaic array output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model;

[0007] Determine the output power of the inverter and the output power of the rectifier by means of an electronic converter;

[0008] Determine the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully charged and the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully discharged during use by using a battery model;

[0009] Based on the ARAS decision-making method, the energy balance of off-grid wind and solar power, off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer is carried out with the total net current cost as the target.

[0010] Further, the determining of the wind turbine output mechanical power according to the wind-solar generator output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model includes:

[0011] Determine the mechanical power output of the fan according to the fan tip speed ratio, wind speed and fan blade pitch angle;

[0012] The fan tip speed ratio is determined by the fan rotor angular velocity and the wind speed; the fan rotor angular velocity is determined according to the ratio of the generator rotor to the blade rotor speed and the blade angular velocity.

[0013] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0014] The mechanical torque borne by the generator is determined based on the wind turbine output mechanical power and rotor angular velocity.

[0015] Furthermore, the photovoltaic output power is determined according to the photovoltaic array output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model, including:

[0016] In the case of temperature influence, the photovoltaic output power is determined based on the solar radiation at standard temperature and standard pressure, the rated power of the photovoltaic array and the temperature of the photovoltaic cells at standard temperature and standard pressure.

[0017] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0018] The PV output power is determined based on the solar radiation of the PV panel, the solar radiation at standard temperature and standard pressure, and the rated power of the PV array without temperature influence.

[0019] Further, the determining the output power of the inverter and the output power of the rectifier by the electronic converter includes:

[0020] Determine the output power of the inverter according to the rated power of the DC power supply and the working efficiency of the inverter;

[0021] The output power of the rectifier is determined according to the rated power of the AC power supply and the working efficiency of the rectifier.

[0022] Furthermore, determining the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully charged and the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully discharged during use by using the battery model includes:

[0023] The amount of energy stored at full charge is determined based on the energy available at the start of the time step, the duration of the step, and the capacity ratio;

[0024] The amount of energy stored in a battery when fully discharged is determined based on the maximum energy that the battery can store, the energy available at the start of the time step, the duration of the step, and the capacity ratio.

[0025] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0026] The electrolyser model produces hydrogen by being powered by excess energy from photovoltaic systems and wind turbines;

[0027] An alkaline electrolytic cell model is established, and the cell terminal voltage is determined according to the reversible open circuit voltage, the cross-sectional area of ​​the cell monomer and the cell terminal current in the alkaline electrolytic cell model.

[0028] Furthermore, the energy balance of off-grid wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer based on the ARAS decision method with the total net current cost as the target includes:

[0029] The net current cost is obtained by deducting the present value of the benefits obtained by the hybrid system over its entire life from the total value of the costs incurred to install and operate the different parts during the total life.

[0030] Furthermore, the ARAS decision-making method comprises:

[0031] Initialize the parameters and decision variables of the wind-solar-off-grid coupled energy storage model and define the decision matrix;

[0032] Optimizing off-grid hydrogen production systems based on energy balance method;

[0033] Among them, the balancing objectives are total power generation, total capital cost, net current period total cost and energy cost;

[0034] The decision matrix is ​​calculated and normalized, the weight coefficient is calculated based on the entropy method, the optimal function is solved to obtain the solution, and the priority is determined according to the obtained solution to output the decision result.

[0035] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an energy balance system of wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer, including:

[0036] A wind turbine power unit is used to establish a wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model and an electrolyzer model, and determine the wind turbine output mechanical power according to the wind-solar generator output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model;

[0037] A photovoltaic power unit, used to determine the photovoltaic output power according to the photovoltaic array output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model;

[0038] A power conversion unit, used for determining the output power of the inverter and the output power of the rectifier through an electronic converter;

[0039] A battery model unit, used for determining the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully charged and the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully discharged during use by using a battery model;

[0040] The decision balancing unit is used to balance the energy of off-grid wind and solar power, off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer based on the ARAS decision method with the total net current cost as the target.

[0041] Based on the same inventive concept, another aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, comprising: a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus;

[0042] a memory storing a computer program;

[0043] The processor implements an energy balancing method for wind-solar-off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer when executing the program stored in the memory.

[0044] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium on the other hand, characterized in that a computer program is stored therein, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, a method for balancing the energy of wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer is implemented.

[0045] The beneficial effects of the present disclosure are as follows: by establishing a wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model and an electrolyzer model, the wind turbine output mechanical power is determined according to the wind-solar generator output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model; the photovoltaic output power is determined according to the photovoltaic array output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model; the output power of the inverter and the output power of the rectifier are determined by an electronic converter; the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully charged and fully discharged during use is determined by a battery model; based on the ARAS decision method, the energy balance of the off-grid wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage and the electrolyzer is performed with the total net current cost as the target. It can be seen that it is possible to adapt to the volatility of energy caused by environmental conditions, provide the best balancing strategy, improve the stability of energy supply, and at the same time propose a decision evaluation index based on the levelized energy cost to reduce the operating cost of the energy storage system.

[0046] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or be understood by implementing the present disclosure. The purpose and other advantages of the present disclosure can be realized and obtained by the structures indicated in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0048] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an energy balance method for wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer is shown;

[0049] Figure 2A schematic diagram of an energy balance system of wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer is shown;

[0050] Figure 3 The ARAS energy balance decision flow chart is shown;

[0051] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an electronic device is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0053] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" etc. in the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged in appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0054] The ARAS method used in the present disclosure is a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) method that helps decision makers select the best option among multiple alternative options through standardization, weighted scoring and utility function calculation.

[0055] ARAS is a relatively new decision-making method that has gained wide attention in the presence of multiple criteria. It is based on the premise that complex events can be properly explained by simple relative comparisons. This decision-making method uses optimality to determine the ranking of alternatives, which is the means used in this application.

[0056] The present disclosure provides a method for balancing the energy of off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzers. Figure 1 ,include:

[0057] S101: Establishing a wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model and an electrolyzer model, and determining the wind turbine output mechanical power according to the wind-solar generator output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model;

[0058] S102: Determine the photovoltaic output power according to the photovoltaic array output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model;

[0059] S103: Determine the output power of the inverter and the output power of the rectifier through the electronic converter;

[0060] S104: determining, by using a battery model, the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully charged and the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully discharged during use;

[0061] S105: Energy balance of off-grid wind and solar power, off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer based on the ARAS decision-making method with the total net current cost as the target.

[0062] Specifically, in step S101, determining the wind turbine output mechanical power according to the wind-solar generator output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model includes:

[0063] Determine the mechanical power output of the fan according to the fan tip speed ratio, wind speed and fan blade pitch angle;

[0064] The fan tip speed ratio is determined by the fan rotor angular velocity and the wind speed; the fan rotor angular velocity is determined according to the ratio of the generator rotor to the blade rotor speed and the blade angular velocity.

[0065] The method further comprises: determining the mechanical torque borne by the generator according to the mechanical power output by the wind turbine and the rotor angular velocity.

[0066] Specifically, the wind turbine electronic unit can be simplified by a mathematical model between wind speed, rotor speed and the mechanical power and mechanical torque output by the wind turbine.

[0067] Under normal conditions, the fan outputs mechanical power P T The calculation is as follows.

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] ω=kω T (3)

[0071] Where: v is wind speed; R is impeller radius; ρ is air density; C p is the wind energy utilization coefficient, β is the pitch angle; λ is the tip speed ratio; ω T is the blade angular velocity; k is the ratio of the generator rotor speed to the blade rotor speed.

[0072] Obviously, under the conditions of known wind speed v, rotor angular velocity ω, and pitch angle β, the mechanical torque T borne by the generator at this time can be calculated: m .

[0073]

[0074] In step S102, the photovoltaic output power is determined according to the photovoltaic array output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model, including:

[0075] In the case of temperature influence, the photovoltaic output power is determined based on the solar radiation at standard temperature and standard pressure, the rated power of the photovoltaic array and the temperature of the photovoltaic cells at standard temperature and standard pressure.

[0076] Specifically, the method further includes: determining the photovoltaic output power according to the solar radiation of the photovoltaic panel, the solar radiation under standard temperature and standard pressure, and the rated power of the photovoltaic array in the absence of temperature influence.

[0077] Specifically, the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic array output use equation (4) to generate electricity. The photovoltaic array output model is

[0078]

[0079] Among them, f PV is the derating factor, Y PV is the rated power of the photovoltaic array, is the radiation from the sun to the photovoltaic panels and is measured in kW / m2, The quality of solar radiation at standard temperature and pressure is 1 kW / m2, T C,STC is the temperature of the photovoltaic cell measured at standard temperature and pressure in degrees Celsius. C is the temperature measurement of the photovoltaic cell in degrees Celsius. P is the temperature coefficient of strength, estimated in %, unit: C.

[0080] In formula (5), if the influence of temperature is not considered, it is:

[0081]

[0082] There is a convincing relationship between the output power of a photovoltaic array and the temperature of the cells, which is reflected in the temperature coefficient of power.

[0083] In some implementations, in step S103, determining the output power of the inverter and the output power of the rectifier by the electronic converter includes:

[0084] Determine the output power of the inverter according to the rated power of the DC power supply and the working efficiency of the inverter;

[0085] The output power of the rectifier is determined according to the rated power of the AC power supply and the working efficiency of the rectifier.

[0086] It should be noted that in this application, the electronic converter will play a dual role. It can act as both an inverter and a rectifier. When needed, the conversion of DC to AC will be powered by the inverter. The rectifier converts AC to DC, stores the charge in the battery, and powers the electrolyzer.

[0087] Specifically, mathematically, the efficiency of an electronic converter is

[0088] P in,out =P DC η in (7)

[0089] P rec,out =P AC η rec (8)

[0090] Among them, P in,out is the output power of the inverter; P rec,out is the output power of the rectifier; P DC is the DC power supply; P AC is the AC power supply, η in is the efficiency of the inverter; η rec is the efficiency of the rectifier.

[0091] In some implementations, in step S104, determining the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully charged and the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully discharged during use by using the battery model includes:

[0092] The amount of energy stored at full charge is determined based on the energy available at the start of the time step, the duration of the step, and the capacity ratio;

[0093] The amount of energy stored in a battery when fully discharged is determined based on the maximum energy that the battery can store, the energy available at the start of the time step, the duration of the step, and the capacity ratio.

[0094] Further, the method also includes: the electrolyzer model is powered by excess energy generated in the photovoltaic system and the wind turbine to produce hydrogen;

[0095] An alkaline electrolytic cell model is established, and the cell terminal voltage is determined according to the reversible open circuit voltage, the cross-sectional area of ​​the cell monomer and the cell terminal current in the alkaline electrolytic cell model.

[0096] Specifically, the battery model used for simulation shows that the amount of electricity stored or released by the battery at any time during use can be represented by the differential Δt.

[0097]

[0099] Among them, P batt,cmax,kbmThe amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully charged; P batt,dmax,kbm is the amount of electricity stored in the battery when it is fully discharged; Q1 is the energy available at the beginning of the time step; Q max is the maximum energy that the battery can store; Δt is the duration of the step time; k is the rate constant; C is the capacity ratio.

[0100] The energy generation method of the electrolyzer model in this application is described in detail below.

[0101] The electrolyser model produces hydrogen by being powered by excess energy from photovoltaic systems and wind turbines;

[0102] An alkaline electrolytic cell model is established, and the cell terminal voltage is determined according to the reversible open circuit voltage, the cross-sectional area of ​​the cell monomer and the cell terminal current in the alkaline electrolytic cell model.

[0103] Specifically, the electrolyzer is powered by excess energy from photovoltaic systems and wind turbines to produce hydrogen. The hydrogen is collected and stored in hydrogen storage tanks and used to generate electricity through fuel cells.

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] In the electricity generation process, there is a reverse electrolysis process where hydrogen and oxygen are combined through a fuel cell, producing heat and water as byproducts.

[0107] According to the different time scales of the research, the model of the electrolyzer can be divided into two typical forms, namely the electrochemical empirical model that considers the electrical characteristics of the electrolyzer, and the thermal dynamic model that considers the temperature changes over a longer time scale. This patent mainly involves electrical characteristics, so an empirical model of the alkaline electrolyzer is established.

[0108] The empirical formula for alkaline electrolyzer is as follows:

[0109]

[0110] Among them, U EL is the cell terminal voltage (V); I EL is the current at the electrolytic cell end (A); U rev is the reversible open circuit voltage (V); A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the electrolyzer cell (cm2); r, s, and t are empirical parameters that can be measured experimentally. This empirical model does not take into account the changes in the characteristics of the electrolyzer at different temperatures, and the error is large when the temperature of the electrolyzer changes greatly. For this reason, the following two assumptions are made in this model: 1) The hydrogen and oxygen produced in the electrolyzer are both ideal gases; 2) Water is an incompressible liquid.

[0111]

[0112] In the formula, T is the cell temperature (K); r1 and r2 are the parameters related to the internal resistance of the cell, and r2 reflects the change of the internal resistance of the cell with temperature; s, t1, t2, and t3 are the parameters related to the overvoltage caused by polarization of electrodes and electrolytes in the cell, among which t2 and t3 reflect the change of the overvoltage in the cell with temperature; r1, r2, t1, t2, and t3 are all empirical parameters that can be measured experimentally. The reversible open circuit voltage U in the formula rev It reflects the minimum potential between the electrodes of each electrolytic cell when electrolyzing water.

[0113]

[0114] In the formula, ΔG is the change in Gibbs free energy (J / mol); ΔH is the change in enthalpy (J / mol); ΔS is the change in entropy (J / (K·mol)); F is the Faraday constant (96485C / mol); and T is the operating temperature of the electrolytic cell (K). Substituting ΔH and ΔS under standard conditions into the above formula, we can get Urev = 1.229V, which increases with decreasing temperature or increasing water vapor pressure in the electrolytic cell, and decreases otherwise.

[0115] In practical applications, the electrolyzer is generally composed of multiple monomers connected in series to achieve the required hydrogen production. The number of monomers in series is n EL When the terminal voltage of the electrolytic cell stack is

[0116]

[0117] Among them, U EL is the cell terminal voltage (V); n EL is the voltage coefficient at the electrolytic cell terminals.

[0118] In some embodiments, in step S105, the energy balance of off-grid wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer based on the ARAS decision method with the total net current cost as the target includes:

[0119] The net current cost is obtained by deducting the present value of the benefits obtained by the hybrid system over its entire life from the total value of the costs incurred to install and operate the different parts during the total life.

[0120] Specifically, the ARAS decision method is shown in Figure 3 ,include:

[0121] Initialize the parameters and decision variables of the wind-solar-off-grid coupled energy storage model and define the decision matrix;

[0122] Optimizing off-grid hydrogen production systems based on energy balance method;

[0123] Among them, the balancing objectives are total power generation, total capital cost, net current period total cost and energy cost;

[0124] The decision matrix is ​​calculated and normalized, the weight coefficient is calculated based on the entropy method, the optimal function is solved to obtain the solution, and the priority is determined according to the obtained solution to output the decision result.

[0125] The following is a detailed explanation of how to use the ARAS decision-making method to achieve the energy balance decision-making goal in combination with mathematical matrices.

[0126] The total net present cost is used to economically rank the designed system. It is the total value of the costs incurred to install and operate the different parts of the hybrid system during its total life minus the present value of the benefits gained by the hybrid system over its entire life. The total net present cost consists of several components. Therefore, the net present cost of each component is calculated and added together to arrive at the total net present cost of the system.

[0127]

[0128] In the formula, C NPC is the total net current cost, C ann,tot is the total annualized cost in one year, i is the interest rate, R proj is the project life, and CRF is the capital recovery factor.

[0129] Another important economic indicator obtained for each feasible energy system is the levelized cost of energy (LCOE). LCOE is the ratio of the total annual cost of electricity generation to the total electricity generated by the hybrid system.

[0130]

[0131] Where LCOE is the levelized cost of energy, C ann,tot is the total annual cost, E gridsales is the total energy sold to the grid, E defferable is the energy demanded by the deferrable load, E primary The primary energy delivered.

[0132] ARAS is a relatively new decision making method that has gained a lot of attention in the presence of multiple criteria. It is based on the premise that complex events in the world can be properly explained by simple relative comparisons. This decision making method uses optimality to determine the ranking of alternatives. The step-by-step method to implement this technique is as follows:

[0133] (1) Form an m × n decision matrix, where m and n represent the alternatives and criteria given in matrix (19).

[0134]

[0135] Where X is the defined decision matrix, and the alternatives are determined by the elements x of the decision matrix. i j is given, x 0j is the ideal value of the jth condition. If the ideal value of j is not determined, calculate:

[0136]

[0137]

[0138] (2) Obtaining the normalized decision matrix Its components are represented by the letter x ij Represents. This matrix has m×n dimensions.

[0139]

[0140] For the benefit criterion, the normalized decision matrix is

[0141]

[0142] Normalize the cost type criteria:

[0143]

[0144] (3) Give the normalized weighted decision matrix

[0145] If the weight of the jth criterion is w j , then the weight of the expected cumulative criterion satisfies the equation The entropy method can be used to calculate the weight of each indicator.

[0146]

[0147] where d j Alternative consistency for the j criterion:

[0148] d j =1-E j (26)

[0149] The entropy of the jth criterion is denoted by E j :

[0150]

[0151] Normalized weighted decision matrix Elements express.

[0152]

[0153] (4) This stage includes determining the utility level and the optimal function.

[0154]

[0155] F i represents an optional optimality function i. The optimal F i The highest value indicates the highest significance, while the lowest F i The value is not ideal. i The larger the value, the better. Use the utility to prioritize the options.

[0156]

[0157] Among them, O i The value range of O is [0,1], i = 0, 1, ..., m. i The larger the value, the better the alternative.

[0158] This application proposes an energy balance method for off-grid wind-solar coupled energy storage and electrolyzers. By establishing mathematical models of different sub-units such as wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation, battery energy storage, electrolyzers and converters, and proposing decision evaluation indicators based on levelized energy cost, an energy balance decision method for off-grid wind-solar coupled energy storage and electrolyzers with the best levelized energy cost is generated. It can improve the adaptability of off-grid wind-solar coupled energy storage, and at the same time, efficiently convert energy to improve the economy of the energy storage system.

[0159] Based on the same inventive concept, the present disclosure also provides an energy balance system for off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzers. Figure 2 ,include:

[0160] The wind turbine power unit 201 is used to establish a wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model and an electrolyzer model, and determine the wind turbine output mechanical power according to the wind-solar generator output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model;

[0161] Photovoltaic power unit 202, used to determine photovoltaic output power according to the photovoltaic array output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model;

[0162] A power conversion unit 203, used to determine the output power of the inverter and the output power of the rectifier through an electronic converter;

[0163] A battery model unit 204, used to determine the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully charged and the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully discharged during use by using a battery model;

[0164] The decision balancing unit 205 is used to balance the energy of off-grid wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer based on the ARAS decision method with the total net current cost as the target.

[0165] Based on the same inventive concept, the present disclosure also provides an electronic device 161, see Figure 4 , including a processor 164, a communication interface 165, a memory 162 and a communication bus, wherein the processor 164, the communication interface 165 and the memory 162 communicate with each other through the communication bus;

[0166] A memory 162 storing a computer program 163;

[0167] When the processor 164 executes the program stored in the memory 162, an energy balancing method of wind-solar-off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer is implemented.

[0168] The above communication bus may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The communication bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc.

[0169] The communication interface 165 is used for communication between the electronic device 161 and other devices.

[0170] The memory 162 may include a random access memory 162 (RAM), or may include a non-volatile memory 162 (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory 162. Optionally, the memory 162 may also be at least one storage device located away from the processor 164.

[0171] The above-mentioned processor 164 can be a general-purpose processor 164, including a central processing unit 164 (CPU), a network processor 164 (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor 164 (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.

[0172] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program 163 , which, when executed by a processor 164 , implements an energy balancing method for wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage and an electrolyzer.

[0173] The computer-readable storage medium may be included in the device / apparatus described in the above embodiment; or it may exist independently without being assembled into the device / apparatus. The above computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs. When the above one or more programs are executed, the energy balancing method of wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is implemented.

[0174] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for balancing the energy of off-grid wind and solar coupled energy storage and electrolyzer, characterized in that: include: Establishing a wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model and an electrolyzer model, and determining the wind turbine output mechanical power according to the wind-solar generator output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model; Determine the photovoltaic output power according to the photovoltaic array output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model; Determine the output power of the inverter and the output power of the rectifier by means of an electronic converter; Determine the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully charged and the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully discharged during use by using a battery model; Based on the ARAS decision-making method, the energy balance of off-grid wind and solar power, off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer is carried out with the total net current cost as the target.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining of the wind turbine output mechanical power according to the wind-solar generator output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model includes: Determine the mechanical power output of the fan according to the fan tip speed ratio, wind speed and fan blade pitch angle; The fan tip speed ratio is determined by the fan rotor angular velocity and the wind speed; the fan rotor angular velocity is determined according to the ratio of the generator rotor to the blade rotor speed and the blade angular velocity.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The method further comprises: The mechanical torque borne by the generator is determined based on the wind turbine output mechanical power and rotor angular velocity.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the photovoltaic output power according to the photovoltaic array output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model includes: In the case of temperature influence, the photovoltaic output power is determined based on the solar radiation at standard temperature and standard pressure, the rated power of the photovoltaic array and the temperature of the photovoltaic cells at standard temperature and standard pressure.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The method further comprises: The PV output power is determined based on the solar radiation of the PV panel, the solar radiation at standard temperature and standard pressure, and the rated power of the PV array without temperature influence.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the output power of the inverter and the output power of the rectifier by the electronic converter includes: Determine the output power of the inverter according to the rated power of the DC power supply and the working efficiency of the inverter; The output power of the rectifier is determined according to the rated power of the AC power supply and the working efficiency of the rectifier.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining, by using the battery model, the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully charged and the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully discharged during use includes: The amount of energy stored at full charge is determined based on the energy available at the start of the time step, the duration of the step, and the capacity ratio; The amount of energy stored in a battery when fully discharged is determined based on the maximum energy that the battery can store, the energy available at the start of the time step, the duration of the step, and the capacity ratio.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The method further comprises: The electrolyser model produces hydrogen by being powered by excess energy from photovoltaic systems and wind turbines; An alkaline electrolytic cell model is established, and the cell terminal voltage is determined according to the reversible open circuit voltage, the cross-sectional area of ​​the cell monomer and the cell terminal current in the alkaline electrolytic cell model.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy balance of off-grid wind and solar off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer based on the ARAS decision-making method with the total net current cost as the target includes: The net current cost is obtained by deducting the present value of the benefits obtained by the hybrid system over its entire life from the total value of the costs incurred to install and operate the different parts during the total life.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The ARAS decision-making method comprises: Initialize the parameters and decision variables of the wind-solar-off-grid coupled energy storage model and define the decision matrix; Optimizing off-grid hydrogen production systems based on energy balance method; Among them, the balancing objectives are total power generation, total capital cost, net current period total cost and energy cost; The decision matrix is ​​calculated and normalized, the weight coefficient is calculated based on the entropy method, the optimal function is solved to obtain the solution, and the priority is determined according to the obtained solution to output the decision result.

11. An energy balance system of off-grid wind and solar coupled energy storage and electrolyzer, characterized in that: include: A wind turbine power unit is used to establish a wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model and an electrolyzer model, and determine the wind turbine output mechanical power according to the wind-solar generator output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model; A photovoltaic power unit, used to determine the photovoltaic output power according to the photovoltaic array output model in the wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage model; A power conversion unit, used for determining the output power of the inverter and the output power of the rectifier through an electronic converter; A battery model unit, used for determining the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully charged and the amount of electricity stored when the battery is fully discharged during use by using a battery model; The decision balancing unit is used to balance the energy of off-grid wind and solar power, off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer based on the ARAS decision method with the total net current cost as the target.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus; a memory storing a computer program; The processor, when executing the program stored in the memory, implements the energy balancing method of wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

13. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the energy balancing method of wind-solar off-grid coupled energy storage and electrolyzer as described in any one of claims 1 to 10 is implemented.

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