Refractive and hybrid lenses for small folded tele camera

Abstract

Bent digital cameras for mobile devices such as smartphones include a lens having N ≥ 4 lens elements, an effective focal length (EFL) and an f-number f / #, an optical path folding element (OPFE), and an image sensor having a sensor diagonal length SD. Some of the lenses can be or include superlens elements. In some cameras, the lens is on the object side of the OPFE, 8 mm < EFL < 50 mm, SD / EFL > 0.4, and f / # < 2.75. In some cameras, M ≥ 1 of the lens elements are superlens elements, O = N - M of the lens elements are refractive lenses, 8 mm < EFL < 40 mm, and SD / EFL > 0.3.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application relates to and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 386,912, filed December 11, 2022; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 476,406, filed December 21, 2022; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 495,141, filed April 10, 2023; and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 543,309, filed October 10, 2023, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The topics currently being discussed are generally related to the field of digital cameras.

[0004] definition

[0005] In this application, and in relation to the optical and other properties mentioned in the specification and drawings, the following symbols and abbreviations are used, all of which are terms known in the art:

[0006] Total track length (TTL): The maximum distance between a point on the front surface S1 of the first lens element L1 and the image sensor, measured along an axis parallel to the optical axis of the lens when the system is focused to infinity.

[0007] Back focal length (BFL): The length of the last lens element (L) measured along an axis parallel to the lens optical axis when the system is focused to infinity. N The rear surface S 2N The minimum distance between a point and the image sensor.

[0008] Effective focal length (EFL): In a lens (lens elements L1 to L... N In the components of the lens, the distance between the rear principal point P' and the rear focal point F'.

[0009] f-number (f / #): The ratio of the lens's EFL to its entrance pupil diameter (or "aperture diameter" or "DA"). Background Technology

[0010] Multi-aperture cameras (or "multi-camera systems," such as a "dual-camera system" with two cameras) are standard on today's portable handheld mobile devices ("mobile devices," such as smartphones, tablets, head-mounted displays, etc.). Multi-camera systems are compact, meaning they are relatively low in height (or thickness), width, and length, which is advantageous for use in small mobile devices. Multi-camera systems typically include a wide field-of-view (FOV). W A camera ("W" camera or "W" camera), and including at least one other camera, such as one having (compared to FOV) W Narrower FOV (with FOV) T Telephoto lenses or telephoto cameras, or FOVs with an ultra-wide field of view. UW (Compared to FOV) W Wider, "UW" camera).

[0011] Figure 1A schematically shows an example of a known folding telephoto camera 100. The camera 100 includes a lens 102, an optical path folding element (OPFE) 104 (e.g., a prism or mirror), and an image sensor 106. The OPFE 104 folds a first optical path (“OP1”) 108 to a second OP2 110. Light from the scene passes through the lens 102, is reflected by the OPFE 104, and illuminates the image sensor 106. Herein and below, “height” (e.g., the height H of the lens 102) is used. L Or the height H of the image sensor 106 S (As shown in the figure) is measured along an axis parallel to OP1 108, and the "length" (e.g., the length L of lens 102) is measured along an axis parallel to OP1 108. L As shown in the figure, the measurement is taken along an axis parallel to OP2 110. Lens 102 includes multiple (N) lens elements (here: N=4), numbered L1-L N Lens 102 is located on the object side of OPFE and has a lens optical axis (“OA”) parallel to OP1 108 and a lens height (or lens thickness) H. L And lens length (or lens width) L L ΔLO indicates the distance between lens 102 and OPFE 104. OPFE The length of OPFE 104 along the z-axis is indicated. OPFE 104 can be at a 45-degree angle relative to OP1 and OP2, therefore the height H of OPFE 104 is... OPFE H can be derived OPFE =L OPFEThe TTL and BFL of camera 100 are TTL1 and TTL2, and BFL1 and BFL2, respectively. TTL1 and BFL1 are parallel to OP1 108, and TTL2 and BFL2 are parallel to OP2 110. TTL = TTL1 + TTL2 and BFL = BFL1 + BFL2. The aperture of camera 100 is numbered 112 and has an aperture diameter (“DA”). For example, such a known bent telephoto camera is disclosed in PCT / IB2022 / 055745, the entire contents of which are included herein. In all examples disclosed herein, the f / # of the camera (e.g., camera 100) is given by f / # = EFL / DA.

[0012] The length of the camera module (including the camera, such as camera 100) (“minimum module length” or “ML”) has been shown. M ) and its first height ("minimum module height" or "MH") M ”) and its second height (“minimum shoulder height” or “MH”) S " <MH M The theoretical limit of ML. M MH S and MH M Defined by the minimum dimensions of the components contained in camera 100. The camera module includes a housing 114. The housing 114 defines the size (or dimensions) of the camera module. The camera module has a height of H. M Module area 116 and height H S <H M The shoulder area is 118.

[0013] To estimate the theoretical limit of the minimum size of a camera module containing the optical lens system described herein, we introduce the following parameters and correlations. It should be noted that, in contrast to the "theoretical limit" defined above, parameters such as "module length," "module height," and "shoulder height" define the dimensions of the camera module as defined by the housing (e.g., housing 114).

[0014] ML M and "module length" ("L") M ”)

[0015] -Minimum module length ("ML") M “) is the theoretical limit of the length of the camera module, which includes all components of camera 100.

[0016] -ML M =Z Lens -Z Sensor Z Lens It is the maximum z-value of lens 102, Z Sensor It is the minimum z-value of image sensor 106. In other words, measured along OP2 110, MLM This represents the maximum distance from any part of the lens 102 to any part of the image sensor 106.

[0017] In order to determine the length of the camera module ("L") M Actual estimation can be performed, for example, in ML. M Increase the length by 3.5mm, i.e., L M =ML M +3.5mm. The extra length takes into account the lens travel that optical image stabilization (OIS) may require, as well as the image sensor package, housing, etc. In other examples, it could be +5mm, or +2.5mm, or even +2mm.

[0018] Minimum Module Region Length (MRL) M

[0019] -MRL M It is a height of H M The theoretical module region length limit of module region 116. MRL M Defined by lens 102 contained in module region 116, i.e., MRL M =L L .

[0020] Minimum shoulder length (MRL) S and shoulder length ("L" S ”)

[0021] -MRL S It is height H S <H M The theoretical module length limit for the shoulder region is 118. (MRL) S Defined by the image sensor 106 contained in the shoulder region 118.

[0022] -MRL S =ML M -MRL M .

[0023] - Generally speaking, for a given ML M From an industrial design perspective, maximizing MRL S (Minimize MRL) M This may be beneficial because it can minimize BL (Figure 1B).

[0024] -For practical estimation of L S For example, it can be done in MRL S Increase the length by 2.5mm, i.e., L S =MRL S +2.5mm. In other examples, it could be +5mm, or +2mm, or even +1.5mm.

[0025] MH M and "module height" ("H") M ”)

[0026] -MH M This is the theoretical limit of the module region's height of 116.

[0027] -MH M The value is given by the difference between the lowest y-value occupied by image sensor 106 and the highest y-value occupied by lens 102. In other words, MH is measured along OP1 108. M This represents the maximum distance from any part of the lens 102 to any part of the image sensor 106.

[0028] -In order to practically estimate H M For example, it can be found in MH M Add an extra 1.5mm of height, i.e., H M =MH M +1.5mm. The extra length takes into account the housing, lens cap, etc. In other examples, it could be +3mm, or +1mm, or even +0.5mm. Minimum shoulder height ("MH S ") and "shoulder height" ("H" S ”)

[0029] -MH S This is the theoretical limit of a 118cm height in the shoulder area. In some examples, MH... S It can be entirely determined by the height H of the image sensor 106 Sensor Confirmed, i.e., MH S =H Sensor .

[0030] - The aspect ratio of the image sensor 106 can be 4:3, therefore the total sensor diagonal length (SD) is calculated as SD = 5 / 3·H Sensor Provided.

[0031] -H S Through MH S The estimate is based on adding, for example, an additional 1.5mm of height, i.e., H. S =MH S +1.5mm. The extra height takes into account the contact sensor 106 and the housing. In other examples, it could be +3mm, or +1mm, or even +0.5mm.

[0032] Figure 1B schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a mobile device 120 (e.g., a smartphone) including a known bent telephoto camera 100. An aperture 112 of the camera 100 is located on a rear surface (or “world-facing” surface) 122 and points towards the scene, while a front surface (or “user-facing” surface) 124 is opposite surface 122. The front surface (or “user-facing” surface) 124 may, for example, include a screen (not shown). The mobile device 120 may include a processor, such as an application processor (“AP”). This processor can be used to process image data captured by a Wide camera, Tele camera, and / or UW camera included in the mobile device. The mobile device 120 has a conventional region 126 (with a thickness (“T”)) and a camera protrusion region 128, which is raised above the conventional region 126 by a protrusion height B. The protrusion region 128 has a protrusion length (“BL”) and a protrusion thickness T+B. As shown in the figure, module region 116 can be integrated into protruding region 128, and shoulder region 118 can be integrated into regular region 126. For industrial design considerations, a small camera protrusion (i.e., a short BL) and a thin camera protrusion (i.e., a low B) are required. Camera 100 is only partially integrated into the protruding region, therefore the BL is relatively short. Generally, for slim mobile devices, minimizing MH is... M and MH S There are benefits, especially in minimizing MH. M This makes sense because it minimizes B. For small cameras, minimizing ML is also beneficial. M It is also beneficial, especially in minimizing MRL. M This makes sense because it minimizes BL. Min It is the theoretical minimum value of the height B of the 128-degree protrusion area of ​​the camera, which is determined by B. Min =H M -T is given.

[0033] Figure 1C schematically shows an example of the bent telephoto camera disclosed herein, designated 130. Camera 130 includes a lens 132 having multiple (N) lens elements (N=4 here), designated L1-L4, with L1 facing the object side. Camera 130 also includes an OPFE 134 and an image sensor 136, the OPFE 134 being able to bend a first optical path OP1 138 to a second optical path OP2 140. As shown, the camera can be included in a housing 142. In camera 130, OP1 138 is substantially parallel to the y-axis and the lens OA. OP2 140 is oriented perpendicular to the image sensor 136. OP2 140 makes an angle α with the z-axis, hence OP2 140 is referred to as the "tilted OP". The angle β between OPFE 134 and the y-axis is >45 degrees, and the angle between OPFE 134 and the z-axis is 90-β <45 degrees. Regarding the slope of OP 140, BFL2 and TTL2 each have components measured along the y-axis (“TTL2”). y “BFL2” y ") and the component measured along the z-axis ("TTL2") z “BFL2” z Therefore, BFL2 = sqrt(BFL2). y 2 +BFL2 z 2 ) and TTL2 = sqrt(TTL2) y 2 +TTL2 z 2 As for the tilt OP, sensor 136 forms an angle of 2x(β-45) with the y-axis.

[0034] The advantages of this type of camera with tilting OP are:

[0035] 1. Use a large image sensor, such as 1 / 2.5” or larger. A large image sensor is advantageous for capturing a relatively large amount of light.

[0036] 2. Low f / #. A low f / # is advantageous for capturing a relatively large amount of light and imaging at a relatively high spatial (or pixel) resolution.

[0037] 3. Smaller module size, i.e., MH M and ML M It can be smaller than a camera with a non-tilt OP (assuming that the EFL, lens aperture and image sensor size are the same for cameras with tilt OP and non-tilt OP respectively).

[0038] Figure 1D schematically shows a cross-sectional view of another mobile device 150, the dimensions and components of which are described in Figures 1B and 1C, including a bent telephoto camera 130. The camera 130 is fully integrated into a camera protrusion region 128. The lens element of the lens 132 may be carried by a lens barrel.

[0039] In other examples, such as with respect to the bent telephoto camera 100, the housing of the bent telephoto camera, such as the bent telephoto camera 130, may have (or may be divided into) a module area with a height H. M The module area and the shoulder area height H S <H M The shoulder area. Such a telephoto camera can be included in a mobile device, as shown with respect to mobile device 120. That is, the shoulder area can be included in the regular area of ​​the mobile device, while the module area can be included in the camera protrusion area of ​​the mobile device.

[0040] The advantage of cameras 100 and 130 is that, for a given H M (Or, given a bulge thickness T+B), a relatively large aperture diameter (“DA”) can be achieved, resulting in a relatively low f / #. This is because the optical power of lenses 102 and 132 focuses the light onto OPFE 104 and OPFE 134, respectively. Here, “focusing” means that the first circle (located on the object side of the lens) perpendicular to the lens optical axis and encompassing all the light forming the image on the image sensor is larger than the second circle (located on the image side of the lens and the object side of the OPFE) perpendicular to the lens optical axis and encompassing all the light forming the image on the image sensor. The H of cameras 100 and 130... M (and B) subject to H L The limitation is that H needs to be reduced. M Therefore, H must be reduced. L .

[0041] It is known that adding a conventional diffractive lens (CDL) to a "conventional" (or "refractive") lens can significantly reduce the lens height (e.g., H). LThe same applies to the weight of the lens. Here, a conventional lens refers to a lens that includes multiple (N) refractive lens elements, all made of glass and / or plastic. When one or more CDL or diffractive lenses are introduced into a conventional lens, we call it a "hybrid" lens. For example, Canon describes the function of CDL in chromatic aberration correction in hybrid lenses in the article "Study on Multilayer Diffractive Optical Elements and Their Application in Camera Lenses" (T. Nakai and H. Ogawa, Diffractive Optics and Micro-Optics, edited by R. Magnusson, Volume 75 of the series on OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics (Optica Publishing Group, 2002), paper DMA2.). Plastic and glass lenses produce positive chromatic aberration, meaning that blue light is refracted more strongly than red light. Conversely, CDL exhibits negative chromatic aberration, meaning that red light is refracted more strongly than blue light. Combining these properties in a hybrid lens allows for efficient and subtle chromatic aberration correction, thereby reducing H... L It still supports a given set of lens parameters, such as EFL, TTL, f / #, etc. As mentioned above, in camera 100, the lower H... L It can achieve a lower H M This allows for thinner camera modules. Recently, significant progress has been made in the field of metalenses ("MLs"), as detailed in the article "Advantages of Metalenses over Diffractive Lenses" by J. Engelberg and U. Levy in Nat Commun 11, 1991 (2020). MLs are formed on the first surface of a substrate by fabricating specific nanostructures. That is, the ML is located only on the first surface of the substrate. In MLs, phase is generated by the response of light to the nanostructures. The difference between MLs and CDLs lies in their smaller structural size. If it contains subwavelength quasi-periodic structures, it is called a metalense; if it contains superwavelength quasi-periodic structures, it is called a CDL. MLs possess many characteristics of DOEs, namely the ability to exhibit negative chromatic aberration. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that the H of a hybrid lens, including a refractive plastic (and / or glass) lens and one or more additional MLs, is... L It may be significantly lower than the H of a conventional lens that only includes a refractive lens. L .

[0042] Advantageously, there are slim conventional lenses and hybrid lenses consisting of plastic (and / or glass) lenses and one or more MLs, which helps to achieve slim mobile cameras. This article discloses such slim conventional lenses and hybrid lenses. Summary of the Invention

[0043] In various exemplary embodiments, a camera is provided, including: a lens having a lens optical axis OA, N≥4 lens elements L i , an effective focal length EFL, an aperture diameter DA, an f-number f / #, a total lens length TTL, and a back focal length BFL, each lens element having its own focal length f i , the first lens element L1 facing the object side, and the last lens element L N facing the image side; an image sensor having a full sensor diagonal length SD; and an optical path bending element OPFE for providing a bent optical path between the object and the image sensor, wherein the camera is a folded digital camera, wherein the lens is located on the object side of the OPFE, wherein EFL is in the range of 8mm < EFL < 50mm, wherein SD / EFL > 0.4, and wherein f / # < 2.75.

[0044] In some examples, f / # < 2.7. In some examples, f / # < 2.6. In some examples, f / # < 2.5.

[0045] In some examples, the OPFE is oriented at an angle β with respect to the lens OA, where 45 < β ≤ 65 degrees. In some examples, 45 < β ≤ 60 degrees. In some examples, 45 < β ≤ 55 degrees. In some examples, 46 < β ≤ 50 degrees.

[0046] In some examples, SD / EFL > 0.5.

[0047] In some examples, the camera is included in a camera module having a module height H M , where SD / H M > 0.7.

[0048] In some examples, the camera is included in a camera module having a module height H M , where SD / H M > 0.75.

[0049] In some examples, N = 4, and the power sequence of the lens elements L1-L4 is positive-negative-positive-positive.

[0050] In some examples, each lens element L i has a lens element thickness T i and a minimum lens element radius (D / 2) i , and for each of L2, L3, and L4, the ratio T i / (D / 2) i < 0.25. In some examples, for each of L2 and L3, the ratio T i / (D / 2) i<0.2.

[0051] In some examples, the camera has an aperture stop located on the image side of the lens.

[0052] In some examples, the lens has a lens height H. L The nearest gap G between all pairs of continuous lens elements is less than 0.2 mm, and all pairs of continuous lens elements satisfy the ratio G / H L <5%. In some examples, G / H L <2.5%.

[0053] In some examples, the largest G lies between L3 and L4.

[0054] In some examples, the lens has a lens height H. L The distance between L1 and L3 (d L1-L3 ) satisfies d L1-L3 <0.75mm, and satisfying the ratio d L1-L3 / H L <0.2. In some examples, d L1-L3 / H L <0.15.

[0055] In some examples, TTL / EFL < 1.05.

[0056] In some examples, the lens has a lens height H measured along OP1. L The ratio satisfies H L / TTL < 0.4. In some examples, / TTL < 0.35.

[0057] In some examples, BFL / TTL > 0.5.

[0058] In some examples, S8 is the image-side surface of L4, having a lens element surface diameter D8, and the ratio of D8 to DA satisfies DA / D8>1.3. In some examples, DA / D8>1.4.

[0059] In some examples, both the front and rear surfaces of L3 are concave towards the object side.

[0060] In some examples, both the front and rear surfaces of L4 are convex toward the object side.

[0061] In some examples, both the front and rear surfaces of L3 contain two deflection points.

[0062] In some examples, 5mm <DA<8mm。

[0063] In some examples, 10mm <EFL<20mm。

[0064] In some examples, 5 mm < SD < 10 mm.

[0065] In some examples, all lens elements are made of plastic.

[0066] In some examples, the camera is included in a camera module having a module height H M where 7.5 mm < H M < 15 mm. In some examples, 9 mm < H M < 12 mm.

[0067] In some examples, the lens is a cut lens that is cut along an axis parallel to the optical axis of the lens. In some examples, the lens is cut 20% with respect to the lens diameter symmetric about the axis, and H M is reduced by > 7.5% due to the cut.

[0068] In various exemplary embodiments, a camera is provided that includes: a lens having N ≥ 4 lens elements L i and having a lens height H L , an effective focal length EFL, and a total lens length TTL, each lens element having a respective focal length f i , and the first lens element L1 facing the object side and the last lens element L N facing the image side; an image sensor having a full sensor diagonal length SD; and an optical path bending element OPFE for bending a first optical path OP1 to a second optical path OP2 perpendicular to OP1, wherein the camera is a bending camera, wherein the lens is on the object side of the OPFE and has an optical axis parallel to OP1, wherein EFL is in the range of 8 mm < EFL < 40 mm, wherein M ≥ 1 lens elements are meta-lenses and O = N - M lens elements are refractive lenses, and wherein SD / EFL > 0.3.

[0069] In some examples, SD / EFL > 0.35. In some examples, SD / EFL > 0.4.

[0070] In some examples, H L / TTL < 20%.

[0071] In some examples, M = 1, the single meta-lens has a positive focal length f M , and f M / EFL > 7.5. In some examples where M = 1 and f M is positive, f M / EFL > 15. In some examples where M = 1 and f M is positive, f M / EFL > 30. In some examples where M = 1 and f MIn the positive examples, 7.5 <f M / EFL<100. In some cases, M=1 and f M In the positive example, 10 <f M / EFL<50.

[0072] In some examples where M=1, 100mm <f M <1500mm. In some examples where M=1, 200mm <f M <1000mm.

[0073] In some examples where M=1, a single superlens element includes L2. In some examples where M=1, a single superlens element includes L4.

[0074] In some examples, M = 2, the two superlens elements are L2 and L4, and the focal length of L2 is f. M1 The focal length of L4 is f. M2 , and f M1 and f M2 All are positive. In some such examples, 7.5 <f M1 / EFL and f M2 / EFL<100. In some such examples, 10 <f M1 / EFL and f M2 / EFL<50. In some such examples, f M1 and f M2 All are 100mm <f M1 ,f M2 Within a range of <1500mm. In some such examples, f M1 and f M2 All are 200mm <f M1 ,f M2 Within a range of <1000mm. In some examples, 0.25 <f M1 / f M2 <1.

[0075] In some examples, all the refractive lenses are plastic lenses.

[0076] In some examples, each of the M superlenses is located on the object side of the substrate, and the height of the substrate is H. Substrate Meets 0.1mm <H Substrate <1mm, the substrate is made of glass.

[0077] In some examples, each of the M superlenses is located on the object side of the substrate, and the height of the substrate is H. Substrate Meets 0.15mm <H Substrate <0.75mm, the substrate is made of glass.

[0078] In some examples, N = 4, and the power sequence of the lens elements L1 - L4 is positive - positive - negative - positive. In some examples, N = 4, f3 is negative, and its magnitude |f3| < EFL / 2.5. In some examples, N = 4, f3 is negative, and its magnitude |f3| < EFL / 5.

[0079] In some examples, f1 is positive and f1 < EFL / 2. In some examples, f1 is positive and f1 < EFL / 1.5.

[0080] In some examples, N = 4, and the power sequence of the lens elements L1 - L4 is positive - negative - negative - positive.

[0081] In some examples, N = 5, and the power sequence of the lens elements L1 - L5 is positive - positive - negative - positive - positive.

[0082] In some examples, 10mm < EFL < 30mm. In some examples, 12.5mm < EFL < 27.5mm.

[0083] In some examples, TTL / EFL < 1.05. In some examples, TTL / EFL < 1.0.

[0084] In some examples, BFL / TTL > 0.75. In some examples, BFL / TTL > 0.8.

[0085] In some examples, 4mm < SD < 15mm. In some examples, SD > 6mm. In some examples, SD > 9mm.

[0086] In some examples, 4mm < DA < 11mm, 2 < f / # < 6.5. In some examples, 6mm < DA < 9mm, 3 < f / # < 5.

[0087] In some examples, f / # < 4.0.

[0088] In some examples, OPFE is a mirror.

[0089] In some examples, the camera is included in the camera module, and the module height H M is within the range of 7.5mm < H M < 15mm. In some examples, 9mm < H M < 13.5mm.

[0090] In some examples, the camera is included in the camera module, and the camera module has a module length L M , L M < EFL.

[0091] In some examples, the lens and OPFE are contained in the module area, and the image sensor is contained in the shoulder area.

[0092] In some examples, the camera is contained within the mobile device. In some examples, the mobile device is a smartphone.

[0093] In some examples, a mobile device is provided that includes any of the aforementioned cameras, the mobile device having a device thickness T and a camera protrusion height B, the camera protrusion area having a height T+B, and the camera being completely contained within the camera protrusion.

[0094] In some examples, the aforementioned camera is contained within a camera module having a first module region and a second shoulder region, the first module region having a module region height H. M The second shoulder region has a shoulder region height H S H M >H S In some examples, DA>H S -3mm. In some examples, DA>H S -2mm. In some examples, DA>H S -1mm. Attached Figure Description

[0095] Referring to the accompanying drawings listed later in this paragraph, non-limiting examples of the embodiments disclosed herein will be described below. The drawings and description are intended to illustrate and clarify the examples disclosed herein and should not be construed as making any limitations.

[0096] Figure 1A shows a known bent telephoto camera;

[0097] Figure 1B schematically shows a known mobile device having an outer surface and including the bent telephoto camera known in Figure 1A;

[0098] Figure 1C shows another known bent telephoto camera;

[0099] Figure 1D schematically shows another known mobile device having an outer surface and including the bent telephoto camera known in Figure 1C;

[0100] Figure 2A An example of the folded telephoto camera refractive lens optical system disclosed herein is shown;

[0101] Figure 2B Another example of the folded telephoto camera refractive lens optical system disclosed herein is shown;

[0102] Figure 3An example of the folding telephoto camera hybrid lens optical system disclosed herein is shown;

[0103] Figure 4 Another example of the folded telephoto camera hybrid lens optical system disclosed herein is shown;

[0104] Figure 5 This illustrates yet another example of the folding telephoto camera hybrid lens optical system disclosed herein;

[0105] Figure 6 This illustrates yet another example of the folding telephoto camera hybrid lens optical system disclosed herein;

[0106] Figure 7 This illustrates yet another example of the folding telephoto camera hybrid lens optical system disclosed herein;

[0107] Figure 8 This illustrates yet another example of the folding telephoto camera hybrid lens optical system disclosed herein. Detailed Implementation

[0108] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed specification to facilitate a comprehensive understanding. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the subject matter disclosed herein can also be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods and features are not described in detail so as not to obscure the subject matter of this disclosure.

[0109] All optical lens systems disclosed herein can be used in (or integrated into) known folding cameras (e.g., folding camera 100 or folding camera 130), resulting in cameras that can be used in mobile devices (e.g., mobile device 120 or mobile device 150). It should be clarified that all examples of optical lens systems disclosed herein are advantageous for application in smartphones, tablets, etc. Table 1 lists the values ​​and dimensions of cameras and mobile devices including the optical lens systems disclosed herein. Table 1 uses the definitions and explanations given in Figures 1A-D.

[0110] - "N" indicates the number of lens elements in the lens.

[0111] - "M" indicates the number of superlens elements in the lens.

[0112] - "ML position" indicates the position of the superlens included in the lens.

[0113] -"f M1 "Indicates the focal length (in mm) of the first superlens element included in the lens.

[0114] -"f M2"Indicates the focal length (in mm) of the second superlens element included in the lens.

[0115] - "Type" indicates whether the optical lens system is a conventional lens (consisting only of glass and / or plastic lens elements) or a hybrid lens.

[0116] The head (including glass and / or plastic lens elements and at least one additional superlens element).

[0117] -SD is the (full) sensor diagonal length (in mm) of the image sensor.

[0118] - "35mm EqFL" indicates the 35mm equivalent focal length of the optical system.

[0119] - "DA" indicates the aperture diameter (unit: mm).

[0120] The unit of (diagonal) field of view (“FOV”) is degrees.

[0121] -“H L "H" indicates the lens height (or thickness) as defined in Figures 1A and 1C (unit: mm). L (200) is an instruction

[0122] Example 200 (reference) lens height. H L =TTL1-BFL1.

[0123] -MH M MH S ML M H M H S and L M The definition is as described above, and the unit is mm.

[0124]

[0125]

[0126] Table 1

[0127] Figure 2AAn example of the optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 200, is shown. Optical lens system 200 includes a conventional (or “refracting”) lens, i.e., a lens without a superlens. Optical lens system 200 includes a lens 202 having a plurality of (N) lens elements (N=4 here), designated L1–L4, with L1 facing the object side. Optical lens system 200 also includes an OPFE 204 (which bends a first OP 208 to a second OP 210), an image sensor 206, and (optionally) optical elements 212 (e.g., an IR filter). In optical lens system 200, OP 208 is substantially parallel to the y-axis, and OP 210 is substantially parallel to the z-axis. The lens optical axis of lens 202 is oriented parallel to OP 208. OPFE 204 is at a 45-degree angle to both the y-axis and z-axis. Here, OPFE 204 is a mirror.

[0128] Lens 202 is located on the object side of OPFE 204. The TTL and BFL of camera 200 are oriented along two axes. The first part, TTL1 and BFL1, are parallel to OP 208, and the second part, TTL2 and BFL2, are parallel to OP 210. TTL and BFL are derived from TTL = TTL1 + TTL2 and BFL = BFL1 + BFL2, respectively, where TTL2 = BFL2. The lens height H of lens 202 is... L By H L =TTL1-BFL1 is given. Light passes through lens 202, is reflected by mirror 204, and forms an image on image sensor 206. Figure 2 shows three fields, each with six rays. This also applies to all other optical lens systems disclosed herein.

[0129] It should be noted that MH M The value depends on (i) the position (or orientation) of OPFE 204 relative to the y-axis and (ii) the amount of light entering the camera 200. For (i), the position of OPFE 204 is changed by increasing or decreasing ΔLO. Here, ΔLO = 0.65 mm, therefore MH M = 11.2 mm. In other examples, ΔLO can be in the range of ΔLO = 0.05 mm – 2 mm, therefore MH M =10.6mm–12.55mm. Since TTL remains unchanged, therefore ML Mwill change accordingly. For (ii), the height of mirror 204 can be defined to include all on-axis light, i.e., mirror 204 can have a lower limit labeled "on-axis". In other examples, the height of mirror 204 can be defined to also include all off-axis light, i.e., mirror 204 can have a lower limit labeled "off-axis". In image sensor 206, SD = 10.2 mm. This is relatively large compared to commonly used image sensors (e.g., an image sensor with SD = 5.3 mm, a 1 / 3" image sensor). A large-sized image sensor is beneficial for achieving high image quality. For a given EFL and a given H M , all the optical lens systems disclosed herein employ a relatively large image sensor. That is, all the optical lens systems disclosed herein achieve a relatively large SD / EFL and SD / H M ratios, e.g., SD / EFL > 0.4, SD / H M > 0.75. In optical lens system 200, EFL = 23.5 mm. In optical lens system 250, EFL = 15.2 mm. In other examples, EFL can be in the range of 8 mm < EFL < 50 mm.

[0130] Lens 202 includes a plurality (N) of lens elements L i (where "i" is an integer between 1 and N). L1 is the lens element closest to the object side, and L N is the lens element closest to the image side (i.e., the side where the image sensor is located). This order applies to all the lenses and lens elements disclosed herein. The N lens elements are axially symmetric along the optical axis (lens axis) parallel to OP 208. Each lens element L i includes its respective front surface S 2i-1 (index "2i - 1" is the number of the front surface) and its respective rear surface S 2i (index "2i" is the number of the rear surface), where "i" is an integer between 1 and N. This numbering convention is adopted in this specification. Alternatively, in the specification, the lens surfaces are labeled as "S k ", where k is between 1 and 2N. The front and rear surfaces can be aspherical in some cases. However, this is not a limitation.

[0131] As used herein, the term "front surface" of each lens element refers to the surface of the lens element closer to the camera entrance (the object side of the camera), and the term "rear surface" refers to the surface of the lens element closer to the image sensor (the image side of the camera).

[0132] Are listed in Table 2–3 Figure 2ADetailed optical and surface data for examples of medium lens elements. Numerical values ​​are provided for these examples for illustrative purposes only; other values ​​may be used based on other examples.

[0133] Table 2 defines the surface types. Table 3 defines the surface coefficients. Surface types are:

[0134] a) Plano: A flat surface with no curvature

[0135] b) Formula for surface depression of Q-type 1 (QT1):

[0136]

[0137] c) Formula for indentation on a uniform aspherical (ASP) surface:

[0138]

[0139] Where {z,r} are standard cylindrical polar coordinates, c is the quasi-axial curvature of the surface, k is the conic coefficient, and r norm Typically, it is half of the surface's clear aperture, A n These are the polynomial coefficients shown in the lens datasheet. The z-axis is positive in the direction of the image. The CA value is expressed by the effective aperture radius, i.e., CA / 2. The reference wavelength is 555.0 nm. Except for the refractive index (“Index”) and Abbe#, all units are in mm. Table 2 gives the L for each lens element. i Their respective focal lengths f i FOV is expressed as half field of view (HFOV). Surface type, z-axis, CA value, reference wavelength, unit, focal length, and HFOV definitions are applicable to Tables 4–23.

[0140]

[0141] Table 2

[0142]

[0143] Table 3

[0144]

[0145] Table 3 (continued)

[0146] It is worth noting that in this document, optical lens system 200 is shown as a "bent optical lens system," meaning that the illustrated optical lens system 200 includes an OPFE 204 and two mutually perpendicular optical paths, namely OP 208 and OP 210. Hybrid lens systems 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, and 800 disclosed herein are not shown as bent optical lens systems; that is, they do not show their respective OPFEs or the two mutually perpendicular optical paths. However, it should also be noted that all hybrid optical lens systems disclosed herein are advantageous for use as bent optical lens systems. All values ​​and dimensions of all hybrid optical lens systems disclosed herein are derived with reference to optical lens system 200. For example, to estimate the H of optical lens systems 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, and 800... M We assume that BFL1 (relative to optical lens system 200) remains constant, therefore the lower H of optical lens systems 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 L Transform into lower H M This is advantageous for slim mobile devices. Due to the unchanged TTL, the lower H of the optical lens systems 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, and 800 L Based on the same quantity, convert to a larger ML M .

[0147] In some examples, lens 202 can be cut to obtain a cut lens based on lens 202. Cutting the lens can be achieved by cutting 10%–40% of the width or length of the lens element of lens 202. The width or length cut is made in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the lens (i.e., parallel to the y-axis), therefore the width ("W") of lens 202 measured in the x-direction is... L The length of lens 202 measured along the y-direction is less than the length of lens 202 ("L"). L ”), that is, W L <L L Cutting lens 202 can significantly save MH. M This is beneficial for the design of slim mobile devices. For example, by reducing the lens 202 by 20%, H M and MH M It can reduce it by 10–20%.

[0148] OPFE 204 forms a 45-degree angle with both the y-axis and z-axis. In other examples, OPFE 204 may form a tilt angle in the range of 45 < β ≤ 65 degrees relative to the y-axis (i.e., relative to OP 208).

[0149] The thickness of each lens element in L2, L3, and L4 is relatively small; that is, for each of L2, L3, and L4, T iThe minimum lens element radius (D / 2) between the two lens element surfaces. i The ratio satisfies T i / (D / 2) i <0.3. For L3, the ratio satisfies T i / (D / 2) i <0.25. T i The measurement was taken at position OP 208. The image-side surface of L4 is S8. The diameter D8 of S8 is relatively small, and the ratio of D8 to DA satisfies DA / D8 = 1.42. L2 is a crescent-shaped convex surface formed towards the object side, meaning that both the front and rear surfaces of L2 are convex towards the object side. L1 is relatively thin, meaning that the thickness T1 of L1 is proportional to the lens height H. L Satisfying the ratio T1 / H L <0.3. Here, T1 / H L =0.23. L1, L2, and L2, L3 are very close to each other. Here and below, if a pair of consecutive lens elements L i and L i+1 The nearest gap (or distance) between them measured along the y-axis, "G" i "Satisfies, at optical axis 208 and L" i or L i+1 Between the diameter and radius, at some point along the z-axis, G i If the value is less than 0.2 mm, then L is considered to be... i and L i+1 "Very close to each other." G1 = 0.037 mm (between L1 and L2) is located on optical axis 208, while G2 is not located on optical axis 208.

[0150] Figure 2BAn example of the optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 250, is schematically shown. The optical lens system 250 includes a conventional (refractive) lens. The lens system 250 can be included in a bent camera with tilted OP, as shown, for example, in Figures 1C–D. The lens system 250 includes a lens 252, a mirror 254, (optional) optical elements 262, and an image sensor 256. The lens 252 includes four lens elements, designated L1–L4. The lens system 250 has a first optical path OP1 258 and a second optical path OP2 260. The optical lens axis of the lens 252 is parallel to OP1 258 and parallel to the y-axis. The orientation of OP2 260 is perpendicular to the image sensor 256. Surface types are defined in Table 4. Surface thicknesses relative to the mirrors are given with respect to OP1 258 and OP2 260, respectively. Table 5 lists the surface coefficients. The half-diameter (D / 2) of the mirror 254 is defined by a circle that completely encloses the mirror 254. Mirror 254 measures 5.0 x 5.1 mm. The tilt angle β of mirror 254 relative to the y-axis is 47.8 degrees. In other examples, the tilt angle β can range from 45 < β ≤ 65 degrees. In other examples, 46 < β ≤ 50 degrees. OP2 260 is not parallel to the z-axis but forms an angle α with it. The MH of the optical lens system 250... S H, 4.8mm Sensor Definition. The figure also shows the mechanical height ("MH") of the image sensor 256. Sensor MH Sensor =7.0mm. ΔLO =0.58mm. TTL1 =7.04mm, BFL1 =2.73mm, TTL2 = BFL2 =8.29mm, therefore BFL =11.02mm, TTL =15.33mm. The power sequence of lens elements L1-L4 is positive-negative-positive-positive. The entrance pupil (or aperture stop or "AS") is located after L4, i.e., on the image side of lens 252. f1 is positive, f1 / EFL =0.53. The f / # of optical lens system 250 is relatively low, f / # =2.4.

[0151] The thickness of each lens element in L2, L3, and L4 is relatively small; that is, for each of L2, L3, and L4, T i The minimum lens element radius (D / 2) between the two lens element surfaces. i The ratio satisfies T i / (D / 2) i <0.25. For each of L2 and L3, the ratio satisfies T i / (D / 2) i <0.2.

[0152] L1, L2, and L2, L3, and L3, L4 are very close to each other. G3 = 0.1 mm (between L3 and L4), and G3 is the maximum gap between any lens elements, that is, G1 < G3 and G2 < G3. G3 is located on the optical axis 258. The ratio G3 / H L = 2.2%.

[0153] The distance between L1 and L3 (“d L1-L3 ”) is relatively small, that is, d L1-L3 < 0.75 mm, and the ratio d L1-L3 / H L < 0.2. Specifically, d L1-L3 = 0.63 mm, and d L1-L3 / H L = 0.14. In other words, the distance expanded (or occupied) by L2 is relatively small. Small G i , small T i and the small distance between lens elements are beneficial to realizing a thin camera.

[0154] The image-side surface of L4 is S8. The diameter D8 of S8 is relatively small, and the ratio of D8 to DA satisfies DA / D8 = 1.42.

[0155] L4 is a semi-lunar convex surface formed towards the object side, that is, the front surface and the rear surface of L4 are both convex towards the object side. S5 and S6 (that is, the two surfaces of L3) are concave towards the object side, and each of them contains two deflection points.

[0156] In other examples, the lens 252 can be cut to realize a cut lens based on the lens 252.

[0157]

[0158]

[0159] Table 4

[0160]

[0161] Table 5

[0162]

[0163]

[0164] Table 5 (continued)

[0165] Figure 3Another example of the optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 300, is shown. Optical lens system 300 includes a hybrid lens 302, i.e., a lens containing at least one superlens element. Lens 302 includes a plurality of (N=4) lens elements, designated L1–L4. Optical lens system 300 also includes an image sensor 306 and (optionally) optical elements 312, such as IR filters. In other examples, optical lens system 300 may also include an OPFE (not shown) that bends OP1 to OP2 (not shown). OP1 is substantially parallel to the y-axis, and OP2 is substantially parallel to the z-axis. The lens optical axis of lens 302 is parallel to OP1. OPFE may be at a 45-degree angle to both the y-axis and z-axis.

[0166] Here, L2 is a superlens element. The superlens element is fabricated on top of the substrate (or located on top of the substrate). In other words, the superlens element is located on the front surface (object side) of the substrate. This applies to all superlens elements below. The substrate has a substrate height H. Substrate Here, H Substrate = 0.2mm. In other examples, H Ssubstrate The range can be 0.05mm. <H Substrate <1mm. The substrate is made of glass. This applies to all the following superlens elements.

[0167] Compared to the conventional lens 202 of the optical lens system 200, the hybrid lens 302 of the optical lens system 300 has a higher H... L Significantly lower, even though the optical characteristics (EFL, SD, DA, etc.) of the corresponding cameras, including the conventional lens 202 or the hybrid lens 302, are exactly the same. Specifically, the H of the hybrid lens 302 is significantly lower. L H compared to a standard lens 202 L 24% lower. This indicates that hybrid lenses are advantageous for use in slim, mobile cameras.

[0168] L4 at a relatively short distance (“d L4 Expand on ”). L4 =0.53mm, ratio d L4 / H L =0.14. G1 = 0.032mm, located at optical axis 308. G2 is not located on optical axis 308. G2 = 0.25mm, therefore L2 and L3 are not very close to each other. This can be advantageous when using H. Substrate Thicker substrates >0.2mm without significantly increasing H L .

[0169] Table 6 defines the surface types. Table 7 defines the surface coefficients for conventional lens elements (L1, L3, L4). Table 8 defines the phase coefficients for the superlens element (L2). The phase coefficients are given by the following polynomial expansion (here: coefficient A). i This is the same as the one used in Zemax's Binary Optic2 (where M is the diffraction order, and M = 1 here):

[0170]

[0171]

[0172] Table 6

[0173]

[0174]

[0175] Table 7

[0176]

[0177] Table 7 (continued)

[0178]

[0179] Table 8

[0180]

[0181] Table 8 (continued)

[0182] Figure 4 Another example of the optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 400, is shown. Optical lens system 400 includes a hybrid lens. L2 is a superlens element. Optical lens system 400 includes a lens 402 having multiple (N) lens elements (here N=4) (designated L1–L4), an image sensor 406, and (optionally) optical elements 412. In other examples, optical lens system 400 may also include an OPFE (not shown) that bends OP1 to OP2 (not shown). The optical axis of lens 402 may be oriented parallel to OP1. OPFE is at a 45-degree angle to both the y-axis and z-axis.

[0183] L4 at a relatively short distance (“d L4 Expand on ”). L4 =0.48mm, ratio d L4 / H L =0.12. G1 = 0.02mm, located on optical axis 408. G2 = 0.17mm, not located on optical axis 408.

[0184] Table 9 defines the surface types. Table 10 defines the surface coefficients of conventional lens elements (L1, L3, L4). Table 11 defines the phase coefficients of the superlens element (L2).

[0185]

[0186] Table 9

[0187]

[0188]

[0189] Table 10

[0190]

[0191] Table 10 (continued)

[0192]

[0193] Table 11

[0194]

[0195] Table 11 (continued)

[0196] Figure 5 Another example of the optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 500, is shown. Optical lens system 500 includes a hybrid lens. Here, L4 is a superlens element. Optical lens system 500 includes a lens 502 having multiple (N) lens elements (here N=4) (designated L1-L4), an image sensor 506, and (optionally) optical elements 512. Optical lens system 500 may also include an OPFE (not shown) that bends OP1 to OP2 (not shown). The optical axis of lens 502 may be oriented parallel to OP1. OPFE is at a 45-degree angle to both the y-axis and z-axis. L1 is relatively thin, T1 / H L =0.25. G1 = 0.02mm, located on optical axis 508. G3 = 0.03mm, located on optical axis 508. The front and rear surfaces of L2 are convex relative to the object side. The front and rear surfaces of L3 are concave relative to the object side. Table 12 defines the surface types. Table 13 defines the surface coefficients of conventional lens elements (L1, L2, L3). Table 14 defines the phase coefficient of the superlens element (L4).

[0197]

[0198] Table 12

[0199]

[0200]

[0201] Table 13

[0202]

[0203] Table 13 (continued)

[0204]

[0205] Table 14

[0206]

[0207] Table 14 (continued)

[0208] Figure 6 Another example of the optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 600, is shown. Optical lens system 600 includes a hybrid lens. Here, L4 is a superlens element. Optical lens system 600 includes a lens 602 having multiple (N=4) lens elements (designated L1–L4), an image sensor 606, and (optionally) optical elements 612. Optical lens system 600 may also include an OPFE (not shown) that bends a first OP1 to a second OP2 (not shown). The lens optical axis 608 of lens 602 is oriented parallel to OP1. The OPFE is at a 45-degree angle to both the y-axis and z-axis.

[0209] G1 = 0.02 mm, located on optical axis 608. G3 = 0.02 mm, also located on optical axis 608. The front and rear surfaces of L2 are convex relative to the object side. L3 is at a relatively short distance ("d"). L3 Expand on ”). L3 =0.5mm, ratio d L3 / H L =0.12.

[0210] Table 15 defines the surface types. Table 16 defines the surface coefficients of conventional lens elements (L1, L2, L3).

[0211] Table 17 defines the phase coefficients of the superlens element (L4).

[0212]

[0213] Table 15

[0214]

[0215] Table 16

[0216]

[0217] Table 16 (continued)

[0218]

[0219] Table 17

[0220]

[0221] Table 17 (continued)

[0222] Figure 7 Another example of the optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 700, is shown. Optical lens system 700 includes a hybrid lens. Here, L2 and L4 are superlens elements. Optical lens system 700 includes a lens 702 having multiple lens elements (N=5) (designated L1–L5), an image sensor 706, and (optionally) optical elements 712. Optical lens system 700 may also include an OPFE (not shown) that bends a first OP1 to a second OP2 (not shown). The optical axis of lens 708 is aligned parallel to the first OP1. The OPFE is at a 45-degree angle to both the y-axis and z-axis.

[0223] G1 = 0.04 mm, located on optical axis 708. G4 = 0.04 mm (between L4 and L5), also located on optical axis 708. The front and rear surfaces of L3 and L4 are concave relative to the object side. G2 is not located on optical axis 708. G2 = 0.42 mm, therefore L2 and L3 are not very close to each other.

[0224] Table 18 defines the surface types. Table 19 defines the surface coefficients of conventional lens elements (L1, L2, L3). Table 20 defines the phase coefficients of superlens elements (L2, L4).

[0225]

[0226]

[0227] Table 18

[0228]

[0229] Table 19

[0230]

[0231] Table 19 (continued)

[0232]

[0233] Table 20

[0234]

[0235] Table 20 (continued)

[0236] Figure 8 Another example of the optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 800, is shown. Optical lens system 800 includes a hybrid lens. Here, L2 is a superlens element. The substrate height H... Ssubstrate =0.6mm. The optical lens system 800 includes a lens 802 having multiple (N=4) lens elements (numbered L1–L4), an image sensor 806, and (optionally) optical elements 812. The optical lens system 800 may also include an OPFE (not shown) that bends the first OP1 to the second OP2 (not shown). The lens optical axis 808 of the lens 802 may be oriented parallel to OP1. The OPFE is at a 45-degree angle to both the y-axis and z-axis. G1 = 0.02mm, which is located on the optical axis 808. L4 is at a relatively short distance (“d L4 Expand on ”). L4 =0.49mm, ratio d L4 / H L =0.12.

[0237] Table 21 defines the surface types. Table 22 defines the surface coefficients of conventional lens elements (L1, L3, L4).

[0238] Table 23 defines the phase coefficients of the superlens element (L2).

[0239]

[0240]

[0241] Table 21

[0242]

[0243] Table 22

[0244]

[0245] Table 22 (continued)

[0246]

[0247]

[0248] Table 23

[0249]

[0250] Table 23 (continued)

[0251] In some examples, conventional or hybrid lenses, such as 202, 252, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, or 802, can be cut lenses known in the art. Referring to Figures 1A and 1C, one or more lens elements can be cut along a direction parallel to the y-axis, such that the lens length L of the cut lens element measured along the z-direction is... L ("L" L The width of the lens ("W") is less than the lens width measured along the x-direction. L ”), that is, L L <W L Lens length L L It can be cut to approximately 20%–50%, i.e., L L It can be compared to W L Approximately 20%–50% smaller. Lens reduction can result in significant H... M This is beneficial for the design of slim mobile devices. A 20% lens cut can result in savings of approximately 10–20% on the H-axis. M .

[0252] It is understood that certain features of this disclosure, for clarity, are described in the context of individual examples, or may be provided in combination in a single example. Conversely, different features of this disclosure, for brevity, are described in the context of individual examples, or may be provided individually or in any suitable sub-combination.

[0253] Unless otherwise stated, the use of the expression "and / or" between the last two options in a series of available options means that it is appropriate to choose one or more of the options in the series.

[0254] It should be understood that when an element is mentioned in the claims or specification, this reference should not be construed as implying that there is only one such element.

[0255] All patents and patent applications mentioned in this specification are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, as if each patent or patent application were individually and specifically incorporated herein by reference. Furthermore, any reference or designation of any reference in this application shall not be construed as an admission that such reference is prior art to this disclosure.

Claims

1. A camera, characterized by comprising: A lens having a lens optical axis OA, N ≥ 4 lens elements L i where 1 ≤ i ≤ N, an effective focal length EFL and an f-number f / #, wherein the first lens element L1 faces towards the object side, the last lens element L N faces towards the image side; an image sensor having a full sensor diagonal length SD; and an optical path folding element OPFE for providing a folded optical path between an object and the image sensor by folding light from a first optical path OP1 parallel to the OA to a second optical path OP2 perpendicular to the image sensor; wherein the camera is a folded digital camera and has a total lens length TTL, wherein the lens is located on the object side of the OPFE and has a lens height H measured along OP1 L wherein H L TTL < 0.4, wherein the EFL is in the range of 8 mm < EFL < 50 mm, wherein SD / EFL > 0.4, and wherein f / # < 2.

75.

2. The camera of claim 1, wherein f / # < 2.

7.

3. The camera of claim 1, wherein f / # < 2.

6.

4. The camera of claim 1, wherein f / # < 2.

5.

5. The camera of claim 1, wherein the OPFE is oriented at an angle β relative to the lens OA, and wherein 45 < β < 65 degrees.

6. The camera of claim 5, wherein 45 < β < 60 degrees.

7. The camera of claim 5, wherein 45 < β < 55 degrees.

8. The camera of claim 5, wherein 46 < β < 50 degrees.

9. The camera of claim 1, wherein SD / EFL > 0.

5.

10. The camera of claim 1, included in a camera module having a module height H measured along OP1 M where SD / H M > 0.

7.

11. The camera of claim 1, included in a camera module having a module height H measured along OP1 M where SD / H M > 0.

75.

12. The camera of claim 1, wherein N = 4, and wherein the power sequence of lens elements L1-L4 is positive-negative-positive-positive.

13. The camera according to claim 1, wherein each lens element L i Lens element thickness T measured along OP1 i And the minimum lens element half-diameter (D / 2) measured along the axis perpendicular to OP1. i And for each of L2, L3, and L4, the ratio T i / (D / 2) i <0.

25.

14. The camera of claim 1, wherein each lens element L i has a lens element thickness T measured along OP1 i and a minimum lens element half-diameter (D / 2) measured along an axis perpendicular to OP1 i and wherein for each of L2 and L3, the ratio T i / (D / 2) i <0.

2.

15. The camera of claim 1, wherein the camera has an aperture stop located on the image side of the lens.

16. The camera of claim 1, wherein the lens has a lens height H measured along OP1 L wherein the nearest gap G between all pairs of consecutive lens elements is less than 0.2 mm, and wherein the ratio G / H L < 5%.

17. The camera of claim 16, wherein G / H L <2.5%.

18. The camera of claim 16, wherein the maximum G is located between L3 and L4.

19. The camera of claim 1, wherein the lens has a lens height H measured along OP1 L wherein the distance d between L1 and L3 L1-L3 satisfies d L1-L3 < 0.75 mm, and wherein the ratio d L1-L3 / H L < 0.

2.

20. The camera of claim 19, wherein d L1-L3 / H L <0.

15.

21. The camera of claim 1, the camera having a total lens length TTL, and wherein TTL / EFL < 1.

05.

22. The camera of claim 1, wherein H L TTL < 0.

35.

23. The camera of claim 1, wherein the camera has a total lens length TTL and a back focal length BFL, and wherein BFL / TTL > 0.

5.

24. The camera of claim 1, the camera having an aperture diameter DA, wherein S8 is the image side surface of L4 and has a lens element surface diameter D8, and wherein DA / D8 > 1.

3.

25. The camera of claim 24, wherein DA / D8 > 1.

4.

26. The camera of claim 1, wherein the front surface of L3 and the back surface of L3 are both concave toward the object side.

27. The camera of claim 1, wherein the front surface of L4 and the back surface of L4 are both convex toward the object side.

28. The camera of claim 1, wherein the front surface of L3 and the back surface of L3 both include 2 inflection points.

29. The camera of claim 1, wherein the camera has an aperture diameter DA in the range 5 mm < DA < 8 mm.

30. The camera of claim 1, wherein the EFL is in the range 10 mm < EFL < 20 mm.

31. The camera of claim 1, wherein the SD is in the range 5 mm < SD < 10 mm.

32. The camera of claim 1, wherein all lens elements are made of plastic.

33. The camera of claim 1, included in a camera module, the camera module having a module height H measured along OP1 M and wherein 7.5 mm < H M < 15 mm.

34. The camera of claim 33, wherein 9mm < H M <12mm.

35. The camera of claim 1, wherein the lens is a cut lens that is cut along an axis parallel to the OA.

36. The camera according to claim 35, included in a camera module having a module height H measured along OP1 M wherein the lens is cut by 20% relative to the axis-symmetric lens diameter, H M is reduced by >7.5% by said cutting.

37. A mobile device, comprising: The camera of any of claims 1-36, the mobile device having a device thickness T measured along OP1 and a camera bump height B, wherein the camera bump region has a raised height T+B measured along OP1, and wherein the camera is entirely contained in the camera bump.

38. The camera according to any one of claims 1-36, wherein the camera is included in a camera module, wherein the camera module has a first module region and a second shoulder region, the first module region having a module region height H measured along OP1. M The second shoulder region has a shoulder region height H measured along OP1. S H M >H S .

39. The camera of claim 38, wherein the camera has an aperture diameter D A > 3 mm. S - 3 mm.

40. The camera of claim 38, wherein the camera has an aperture diameter D A > 2 mm. S - 2 mm.

41. The camera of claim 38, wherein the camera has an aperture diameter D A > 1 mm. S -1 mm.

42. A mobile device, comprising: The camera of claim 38, the mobile device having a device thickness T measured along OP1 and a camera bump height B, wherein the camera bump region has a raised height T+B measured along OP1, wherein the first module region is contained in the camera bump, and wherein the second shoulder region is not contained in the camera bump.

43. The camera of any of claims 1-36, wherein the camera is contained in a mobile device.

44. The camera of claim 43, wherein the mobile device is a smartphone.

Images